DE2511011A1 - ABSORBENT UPHOLSTERY - Google Patents

Description

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Our no. 19 774

The Procter & Gamble Company Cincinnati, Ohio, V.St.A.

Absorbent pad

The present invention relates generally to a disposable absorbent pad.

Absorbent upholstery layers made from air-deposited, made of pulp pulp, and disposable diapers, for which such cushioning sheets are used are well known. Such layers are preferably on deposited on a thin paper. An example of the shredding or shredding of pulp pulp and its felting for the purpose of producing such a cushion is for example in the USA patents 3,519,211, 3,750,962 and 3 * 825,194. On these patents is particularly pointed out because the terms "frayed" used in the present description and in the claims (fiberized) and "shredded" (disintegrated), as well as silk grinding (pulp lap) and "air-laid" refer to products which are in agreement are made with the above patents.

It had also been suggested, a layer of padding

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to enclose such a felt deposited in air in a cover made of a fine fabric or tissue paper, including around the felt during processing to increase the blowing of air and prevent its disintegration during use. For example to U.S. Patents 3,444,859, 3,741,212 and 3,769,978 referenced.

It had already been recognized that with such a Padding layer improved absorbency and forwarding of absorbed liquid can be achieved if the layer is compressed or compressed in order to achieve an increased density. This is for example in the U.S. Patents 3,592,194, 3,721,242 and 3,769,978 are proposed been. It has even been suggested to use a pattern pressed into such a padding layer Unidirectional, practically sinusoidal, narrow strips improve the distribution of moisture to effect in the longitudinal direction of these strips. But it had also been recognized that such narrow, pressed-in Strips form barriers that prevent moisture from being transported across the direction of the stripes, In addition, lead to a relatively stiff and less soft product and, if the padding layer for Making the strip moistened would change the structure of the cushion layer deposited in completely dry air. Reference is made to the USA patent specification 2,788,003.

Finally, in the USA patent specification 3'065'751 was also it has already been described that when compressing a cushioning layer of the type mentioned above, the thickness thereof and the bulk density is increased, not only

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the conduction of moisture but also flexibility can be improved. However, it has been shown that this increase in flexibility does not necessarily also lead to an improvement in softness and what It was particularly obvious that it was not recognized that softness and flexibility cannot be equated, but rather Structures with great flexibility can give the user the impression of very little softness. Further had obviously not been recognized so far that the subjective impression of surface dryness is not necessarily agrees with the results of the objective test of the surface dryness, but even exactly can be reversed.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved absorbent pad.

It is another object of the invention to be new and improved to indicate absorbent padding, which at the same time gives the impression of Conveys surface dryness and softness.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a new and improved absorbent pad, particularly that of is suitable for use in a disposable diaper, as well as a disposable diaper made therewith.

It is still an object of the present invention to provide a new method of making such an absorbent pad and a disposable diaper.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a new absorbent padding sheet made from FIG

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consists of pulp pulp deposited in the air, which is enclosed in a cover made of thin paper and which, when dry, condenses by pressing in a pattern to create a pattern running to both sides with staggered areas of low density generate which areas of curved and preferably sinusoidal areas that also run to both sides Increased density are surrounded, which padding layer is particularly suitable for use in diapers and diaper-like Products is suitable and an improved transfer of the liquid, storage capacity for the liquid and Has surface dryness, as well as an improved subjective impression of the surface dryness and the Conveys softness.

It is yet another object of the present invention to provide new methods of removing air deposited webs or Cushion layers made of fibrous pulp pulp Injection of pattern-forming densities on a surface to densify an area with differentiated To create a dense structure, the tufted nests higher on one side than on the other Side.

And it is still another object of the present invention to provide an improved disposable diaper and diaper-like structure indicate for which an improved absorbent padding layer is used and for which the side with the higher tufted nests on the cover layer in order to face the child's skin during use and to maximize it Distance of the compacted areas from the child's skin and the best possible appearance and best possible Handle of the outer, intended to be placed on the child

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To reach surface.

The invention consists in the combination, construction, arrangement and disposition of the various parts and elements, which in accordance with the teaching given by the present invention improved absorbent padding sheets and diapers are used and produced by the inventive method. The present invention will be better understood Objectives and key features other than those listed above are made possible by considering the in the The details given below are disclosed, which description together with the accompanying figures a preferred embodiment and modification of Describes, indicates, and describes invention and what is presently believed to be the best mode for carrying out its teaching shows. Further embodiments and modifications are available to those that use this teaching, suggested, and it is intended to reserve such embodiments or changes, especially if they fall within the scope and teaching of the following claims.

The absorbent pad according to the invention, which gives an improved feeling of softness when touched and has an improved absorbency and moisture conductivity, which provides an improved feeling of surface dryness is characterized by a cushion layer made of crushed pulp, deposited in the air, which is enclosed in a cover made of thin paper that holds the cushioning layer together and forms a pattern Has compaction, with laterally offset, spaced apart ^ of uncompacted areas low density existing nests, which are formed by laterally extending, overlapping, curvilinear,

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compacted areas of higher density are surrounded and separated, the compacted areas between 20% to 50% cover the entire surface of the cushioning layer.

The new pad can be used to manufacture a diaper which has a higher absorption capacity, an improved one Has conductivity to liquid and surface dryness and also the feeling of improved surface dryness and conveyed softness.

The invention is described below with the aid of a preferred embodiment and the figures.

Fig. 1 shows a partially broken away plan view of a disposable diaper with a cushion layer deposited in air; in which a pattern of compacted areas that delimit non-compacted nests, is pressed in.

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section through the diaper according to FIG. 1 along the line 2-2.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic section through a calender and a cushion layer in the execution of the Process for improving the properties of known absorbent padding layers.

1 and 2, the construction of an improved diaper 10 is shown which is a preferred embodiment of the invention. Contains proper pad. This diaper is according to the Teaching from the ÜSA reissue patent 26'151 built up, why special reference is made to this publication.

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The diaper 10 includes an absorbent padding layer 12 which is covered with an applied cover layer 14. The cover layer is preferably moisture-permeable and forms when the diaper is put on, a release liner between the absorbent padding layer 12 and the infant's skin. Furthermore, the cushion layer is underlaid with a back layer 16, which is impermeable to moisture is. The rear layer has at least a greater width than the cushion layer 12 and forms side flaps 18 folded over and onto the surface of the cover sheet. 14. As a result, the side flaps 18 of the rear Layer 16 also over the side edges of the cover layer 14 and the underlying portion of the absorbent Padding layer 12. The length of the rear layer 16 can also be greater than the length of the absorbent padding layer 12 and cover sheet 14 to form end flaps 20 which fit over and onto the surface of cover sheet 14 are folded so that these end flaps are on the edges delimiting the length of the cover layer and on the edges below Parts of the absorbent padding layer 12 lie. In this way, the cushion layer 12 is completely in one Enclosed envelope formed by the cover layer 14 and the back layer 16. The side flaps 18 and the end flaps 20 can in a known manner, for example by welding, adhesive connections, etc. on their Corners attached to one another and also to the underlying cover layer 14 and the corner parts of the cushion layer 12 be.

Although it is described in the preceding paragraph and shown in the figures, the absorbent padding layer 12 on both Sides and both longitudinal ends of the side flaps 18 and the end flaps 20 is involved, so that the absorbent

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Pad is completely enclosed within the envelope formed by the cover sheet 14 and the back sheet 16, it should be noted that two of the mentioned flaps and in particular the end flaps 20 can be omitted, without the attachment of the absorbent padding layer 12 between the cover layer 14 and the backing layer 16 is noticeably adversely affected. In particular, the absorbent padding layer can either be connected to the cover layer 14 or be connected to the rear layer 16 or both, for example by welding under the action of heat, Adhesive joining, pressure joining, etc.

It should also be expressly pointed out that the new cushion is not intended for use in for receiving the Urine provided by young children in diapers is limited, but also for other dressings and bandage-like uses is useful, for example, for surgical bandages, absorbent pads, especially for bed-wetting, sanitary napkins, etc.

The side flaps 18 and end flaps 20, if used, should have a minimum width of about 9.5 mm and preferably more than 19 mm. The back layer 16 is preferably made of a flexible, waterproof one Material web, for example a 0.025 mm thick, opaque polyethylene web provided with an embossed pattern of low density.

The cover layer 14 can be both hydrophobic and hydrophilic and consist of thin paper, according to a known Procedure was placed in water and then creped. But it can also be a material deposited in air, or a web of non-woven fabric having endless threads

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material or a microporous, thin layer, etc. These materials can be treated with wet strength increasing and / or binding resins as is known to any person skilled in the art is.

The improved absorbent padding layer 12 includes a mat, pillow or sheet material 22, for example according to the teaching from the USA patent 3,519,211 or 3'750'962 or 3'825'194 of crushed, air-deposited Pulp is made. The mat 22 can be enclosed between two thin layers 24 and 26 be.

In this context, reference should again be made to the above-mentioned patent specifications and the inventions disclosed therein.

There are two desirable properties of a disposable diaper and the padding layer used for it, apart from a large one Absorption capacity, the dryness and softness of the surface. These properties are largely determined by the The density of the air felt used for the cushioning layer is determined. The most favorable density ranges for these two properties however, are different. A low density generally favors the feeling of softness, gives but the impression of a minor surface dry witch. In contrast, a high density favors the impression of a good surface dryness, but gives the feeling of low softness.

In other words, a low density gives the impression of good softness or flexibility and a large one Density gives the impression of a good drainage of moisture

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and thus a good surface dryness favors.

In accordance with the present invention, in the Padding layer 12, which consists of the fiber mat 22 and the cover layers 24, 26, a compression pattern is pressed in when dry. This pattern forms after both Pages shifted against each other nests 28 from practically undeserved th, i.e., low density areas which are formed by a bilateral pattern are separated and surrounded by arcuate, compressed areas 30. The consequence of this treatment is that the absorbent padding layer gives the impression of good surface dryness and the feeling of good softness.

The areas 30 with high density, which extend on both sides, allow good humidification and a good conduction of moisture within the padding layer 12. The good conduction of moisture enables that the liquid is quickly distributed in the absorbent material and helps to achieve a good surface.

The areas designated as nests 28 with low density convey the feeling of great softness and form in the areas with a large storage capacity for liquid distributed throughout the entire cushioning layer and further convey the Impression of good surface dry witch. If these areas have practically the same height and spring force, they also increase the distance between the compressed areas that are due to the increased moisture conductivity feel more moist, from the cover layer 14 and thus also from the skin of the baby wearing the diaper.

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Non-compacted, absorbent padding layers, which are both flexible and soft, have a noticeable impact Moisture conductivity and surface dry hex required high density does not occur. Previously proposed working methods to create air felt or cushion layers sufficient dense areas that allow good usability and surface dry hexes to squeeze together resulted stiff to board-like products. As already described above, this was also suggested earlier has been used to locally compress smaller parts of absorbent padding layers. This localized compression however, was usually with the application of water or other liquid either immediately before or during the compression has been carried out. Next, the localized compression was on a small percentage the entire cushioning layer has been limited and primarily intended to contain the fibers or layers of the Layer to connect with each other. Furthermore, pressing in a moist state or with the addition of moisture itself if it is carried out in mutually offset locations, an adverse effect on the softness of the cushioning layer. If the compaction, as previously suggested, takes place along straight strips, in order to increase the absorbency and to improve the conduction of the liquid in the direction of these stripes, the detrimental effect is such stripes on the overall softness of the upholstery layer are particularly noticeable. Although pressed in with such Strips which can improve the absorbency and flow of liquid prevent such Strip the forwarding of the liquid in the direction transverse to these strips, so that these are particularly suitable for the Forwarding the liquid act as a barrier. In contrast, with the compression pattern according to the present

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Invention, a sufficiently large area of high density can be generated, which has good absorbency and thus a allows dry skin, while the padding layer remains soft and flexible at the same time. According to the present invention the areas of high density are basically not rectilinear and preferably extend sinusoidally to both Sides of the cushioning layer, which maintains the flexibility, which is one of the main causes of the feeling of the overall softness is considered.

Compaction patterns which correspond to a compaction of about 20% to 50% of the total surface are preferred. Slightly lower or higher percentages still appear useful, but do not give optimal results. With a compaction that only extends over less than 10% of the area, the absorbency is insufficient Decreased in value, while compaction greater than 70% of the area is inconsistent and difficult to maintain and creates the feeling of insufficient softness.

As shown in FIG. 3, the pattern-forming densification of the air felt or the absorbent padding layer 12 can be produced when the padding layer is between the two rolls of a calender 32 is compressed. The cushioning layer is placed between one that has a pattern Roller 34 and a counter pressure roller 38 pressed together. The roller 34 provided with the pattern has in its surface Pockets 36, which form the pattern, while the counter-pressure roller 38 has a smooth surface. The density of Layer in the high density areas 30 can be affected by the pressure and the spacing between the pattern having roller 34 and the smooth counter-pressure roller 38 can be adjusted. The density in the areas is lower

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Density or the nests 28 can be adjusted by removing the air felt or the cushioning layer 12 prior to passage is passed between the rollers 34 and 38 through a calender 40 comprising a pressure and a counter pressure roller 42 and 44, respectively with smooth surfaces, or by the depth of the recesses or pockets 36 in which the pattern has Roller 34.

The nests of the pattern are preferably offset from one another so that no straight lines of larger dimensions in can be passed through the compacted area 30 in any direction. In addition, the nests or areas show less Dense 28 a sufficiently large diameter and a sufficiently small distance from one another so that whose borders "overlap" in every direction. In order to be consistent, the nests must also have a minimum size have, and their diameter should be, for example, about 9.5 mm and preferably 14.3 mm.

For practical use it had been found useful if the unconsolidated areas or nests 28 with the low density in the densification pattern, a close packing and preferably a regular hexagonal arrangement form, as shown in Fig. 1, even if, as can be seen from the figure, very narrow straight lines Regions can arise which are denoted in FIG. 1 by their center lines a, b and c and which are enlarged in FIG corresponding areas 42 drawn. Such rectilinear areas have practically no adverse influence on the feeling of softness, provided that they are very narrow and only make up a small proportion of the total area make up the cushion layer 12 and the practically sinusoidal, extending to both sides compressions.

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It should be further emphasized that in the present description the expression bilateral or "to both sides" is used is used to denote extensions which run like vectors or contain those which vectors in at least lie in two directions, but are not limited to only two directions. In this sense, that shown in Fig. 1, practically hexagonal pattern with direction lines A, B and C a bilateral pattern with direction lines that extend both in the direction of the longitudinal ends (line A as well as lines B and C) and in the direction of the side edges (lines B and C) of the diaper 10 extend.

The term "nest" used here is used for an area of low density, the larger area of which is noticeable protrudes from the surrounding area of higher density and has a significant height and spring effect. The ones described here Nests are between 9.5 mm to 19 mm or more in diameter and about the same thickness as two to three times the thickness of the compacted area.

example 1

A test was made to determine the surface dryness to rate. The aim of this test was to compare the subjective surface dryness of diapers, which had the same average basis weight and the same average density of the airfelt padding layer and The only difference was that one diaper had a practically uniform density and the other one Compaction pattern according to the present invention. As the test piece L, a disposable diaper with one made of air felt was used existing cushioning layer with a practically uniform density of about 0.14 g / cm and a uniform Thickness of 21.6 mm used. As a test piece N, a

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Similar disposable diapers are used, with a comparable cushioning layer consisting of air felt, their average density was also about 0.14 g / cm, but which had a compaction pattern with practically circular shapes over about 50% of its area Has nests which were hexagonally offset from one another in close packing, as shown in FIG. These nests covered about 50% of the surface, were about 14.3 mm in diameter and about 3.8 mm in height. The compacted areas were sinusoidal, extending between the uncompacted nests to two Directions and were compressed to a thickness of about 12.2 mm to about 15.2 mm. These condensed areas had a density of about 0.2 g / cm. The specimens were laid out flat and one 114 cm in the middle 1% aqueous solution, the surface tension of which was set to 45 dynes, wetted. After that, the test pieces were left in their state for 30 minutes so that the aqueous solution could be absorbed. To evaporate the To exclude the solution as far as possible, the test pieces were covered with polyethylene, except during the test.

Each pair of specimens was then formed in a closed box by two members of one of ten people Examiner group touches and feels. Their impression of the surface dryness was based on a scale with the values Rated 0 to 4. On this scale, a value of 0 meant that a pair of specimens had comparable surface dryness exhibited; a value of 1 means that one of a pair of low-reliability specimens is slightly drier than the other, a value of 2, was that one of the two test pieces with a higher degree of reliability was slightly drier than the other was, the value 3 means that one of the two test pieces was significantly drier than the other, and the value 4 means that

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Finally, it turned out that one of the two test pieces was much drier than the other. To the consequences of a multiple Touching the test pieces to exclude the subjective surface dryness as much as possible, each pair was Specimens checked by two people only.

The evaluations explained above were then treated statistically in order to eliminate those influences which were based on differences the human touch or the inclination of the test subjects, the order in which they take the specimens should be included in the assessment. The result of this statistical treatment was a group of mean values for the four specimens, with the specimens labeled N showing a compaction pattern had, taken as a comparative value and designated with the value 0, while the test pieces L with a cushion layer of uniform thickness relative to the specimens N were rated. The evaluation was made using Expressed by "comparison values" which corresponded to the smallest noticeable difference in quality. A clear one The evaluation difference of 1.0 "comparative values" corresponded to a statistically ascertainable difference with a 95% difference Degree of reliability. A difference of less than 1.0 "comparison values" means that with 95% reliability there was no noticeable difference between the specimens. Sample L achieved a rating of -2.5 "Comparative quantities", which means that the test piece N having a compression pattern is highly reliable gives a much higher impression of surface dryness than sample L with a uniform density. The difference of 2.5 "comparison values" shows a clear and significant difference to which a degree of reliability of 95% can be assigned.

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Example 2

Non-moistened test pieces of the diapers described in Example 1 were presented to a group of ten test persons, and their impression of the softness of these specimens was on the same scale divided into values from 0 to 4 recorded. The evaluations were then treated statistically as already described for Example 1 is. The adjusted result for the impression of softness showed -2.5 "comparison values" for the sample L with the Air felt of uniform thickness, compared to pattern N with the compression pattern. Thus, a diaper whose air felt has a compression pattern exhibits a clearly visible one Difference to which a 95% degree of reliability can be assigned. Then a test piece with a compaction pattern is provided a significantly improved softness impression compared to a test piece with the same basic weight and practically uniform density.

Example 3

To ensure that a predominant part of the surface of the air felt has to be compacted in order to achieve absorbency To improve significantly, a series of test diapers have been made which are "airy" or puffy Had air felt cushion layers that were compressed to different degrees. The experiments carried out had the aim of determining the amount of liquid at the point of wetting and at different distances from it was withheld. Sample 1 was a diaper whose air felt padding layer had not been compressed. As the sample layer 2, 3, 4 and 5, diapers were used whose air-felt padding layer was 30%, 50%, 70% and 100%, respectively Surface were compacted. For each of the test pieces 2, 3 and 4, the densification pattern shown in FIG. 1 was made

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used, which has uncompacted, circular nests with a diameter of 14.3 mm. The specimens were im compacted dry state.

A three-fold load of water was then poured onto the center of each specimen. Under three times the load is a lot to understand the test liquid, which corresponds to three times the weight of the absorbent padding layer of the test piece. The measured amount of liquid was poured onto the center of each diaper and allowed to soak for 30 minutes or be forwarded inside the diaper. After 30 minutes, each specimen became a central stripe with a width 76 mm, i.e. a strip with both edges 38 mm from the center line of the specimen lay. The two remaining pieces of the specimen were then cut into 50.8 mm wide strips. Thereafter the liquid loading of each strip, i.e. the weight of water per weight of cellulose, was determined. Around To compensate for possible differences in the material of the specimen, those on the two sides were at the same distance averaged values measured from the center line. The results found are listed in the following table.

Liquid loading

for (g liquid / g cellulose)
different distances from the center line distance 114 mm 171.4 mm Specimen No. center line 63.5 mm 5.5 distance distance 4.05 1.75 0.1 1 6.8 4.1 2.75 1.1 2 4.75 4.25 2.9 0 _r 75 3 4.8 4.4 2.95 1.1 4th 4.7 2.9 0 _r 75 5 5.15

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This showed that any compaction of 30% or more of the total surface area resulted in a noticeably increased transmission causes the liquid from the middle of the diaper, whereby the transfer is not significantly affected, if the compaction is extended to more than 30% of the total area. ·

■ Example 4

In order to reach the lower limit of the compacted area, which still causes a sufficient transfer of moisture, to determine, further tests were carried out according to the procedure described in Example 3. That in addition however, the thickening pattern used did not extend in two different directions. It consisted of 7.9 mm wide densities running in the transverse direction of the specimens. To different proportions of the condensed To create areas on the total area, different distances between the compacted strips were used.

Sample 1 was again uncompacted. In the samples 2, 3j ^ ₃ 5 and 6, the proportion of compacted areas was over 10%, 20%, 30%, 50% and 100% of the surface. The results are compiled in the following table:

F lüssigkeitsbeladung

for (g liquid / g cellulose)
different distances from the center line 5.5 114 mm
distance 171.4 mm
distance Specimen No. center line 63.5 ram
distance 4.6 1.75 ,1 1 6 _r 8 4.75 1.95 0.7 2 6.55 4.7 2.5 1.0 3 5.3 4.4 2.7 0.7 4th 5.35 4.4 ■ 3.0 1.0 5 5.0 2.9 , 7 6th 5.1

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From the table it can be clearly seen that the compaction of 10% of the surface does not significantly improve the transmission the moisture causes, while with the compaction of more than 20% of the surface a significant improvement forwarding is to be determined.

Example 5

To prove that the feeling of softness is a function of the proportion of the compacted areas in relation to the total area is, and in order to determine the effective limits of this proportion, further specimens were made, which different Area portions of the compacted areas had which were arranged around uncompacted areas. the uncompacted areas were practically circular nests with a diameter of 7.9 mm and in a mutual Arrangement corresponding to the pattern shown in FIG. These specimens were again given to a panel of test subjects submitted. Furthermore, test pieces were produced, which had a pattern of straight compression strips, which corresponded to the compression strips described in Example 4. These specimens were also used to compare the Softness presented to the test subjects. The specimen 1 was not compacted. Specimens 2 and 3 were been compacted with a pattern according to FIG. 1, the proportion of compacted areas in the sample 2 approximately 30% and for sample 3 made up about 50% of the total surface. Sample 4 was complete, i.e. to 100% its surface has been compacted. Finally, the test pieces 5, 6 and 7 were compressed along straight strips, as described in example 4, the compression in the case of specimen 5 about 10%, in the case of specimen 6 about 20% and for sample 7 about 50% of the total surface.

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The test pieces were presented in pairs to the test persons in closed boxes. The test subjects gave each pair one of the grades 0 to 4, for which the same criteria as in Example 1 were used. Each specimen was given a separate one Assessment assigned, which was determined on the basis of the test person's impression. If an examiner for example, when comparing two specimens, decided that a specimen was more likely than the other, the test piece found to be softer was rated +2 and the other was rated -2. All Ratings on the same specimen were then totaled and divided by a factor equal to the product from the number of test persons multiplied by the number of test pieces was to obtain a comparable degree of softness to determine. The results are given in the following table, wherein the higher the degree of softness, the higher the higher Impression corresponds to the softness.

Specimen Degree of softness 1 1.0 2 0.7 3 0.1 4th -0.03 5 -0.31 6th -0.31 7th -0.10

From these results it can be seen that compaction with the pattern shown in FIG. 1 is much softer The feel of the diaper results in a compression that covers the same proportion of the area and has a rectilinear pattern, which latter type of Verdxchtungsart, if their area share is more than 50%, only a very slight change in the

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causes subjective impression of softness. On the other hand, a compression according to the pattern shown in FIG. 1, if their surface area is less than 30%, only a very small negative influence on the feeling of softness, while with a surface area of more than 50% there is a noticeable decrease in the perceptible softness, which leads to the one its total area of the compacted specimen is close, was detectable.

Example 6

In order to further prove that the improvement in the impression of surface dryness, with a proportion of the compacted Areas less than 50% had been found to be a valid characteristic for objective surface dryness can be seen, further tests were carried out. The aim of these tests was the surface dryness a diaper, which has a compression pattern, to be measured objectively. A number of square test cushions with side lengths of about 101 mm, which are made of an air felt with a compression grid passed as a diaper placed between a topsheet and a backsheet. The sample 1 contained a pillow with uncompacted air felt. The specimens 2, 3, 4 and 6 had straight, strip-shaped Compaction with a strip width of 7.9 mm, which compaction 10%, 20%, 30% and 50% of the total surface covered. Samples 5 and 7 had uncompacted nests 14.3 mm in diameter, with the compacted ones Areas made up 30% and more than 50% of the total area. Sample 8 was also uncompacted Nests with a diameter of about 27 mm, while the surface proportion of the compacted areas was more than 50% mattered. The test piece 9 was compressed over its entire surface.

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Each specimen was placed on a flat surface. Thereafter, a cup with a diameter was placed on each test piece of 50.8 mm. The cup had a flat bottom with several separate openings were appropriate. Then a test liquid, whose The amount corresponded to three times the weight of the cushion, poured into the cup and passed through the openings in the bottom of the cup to penetrate the specimen »After a waiting time of 3 minutes, two layers of previously weighed filter paper were placed on each specimen placed and over it a weight with a diameter of 50.8 mm, which on the filter paper a pressure of

2
Produced 0.035 kgf / cm. After a further 2 min waiting time, the filter paper was weighed again and the increase in weight caused by the absorbed liquid was recorded. The weight gains are recorded in the following table:

Specimen Weight gain (g) 1 1.96 2 1.88 3 1.82 4th 1.69 5 1.40 6th 1.14 7th 1.03 8th 1.53 9 , 66

From this result it can be seen that an increased proportion of the area of the compacted areas does not lead to an improvement Surface dryness results in a nested "puffy" pattern having a noticeably better surface dryness causes as a straight line pattern and that

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a compaction of more than 50% of the total surface improves the surface dryness very little. the Results further show that nests with a diameter of 14.2 mm are essential for reducing surface dryness are more effective than those with a diameter of 27 mm.

According to the results of the surface dryness test shown above the lower limit for an effective transfer of the liquid in the cushioning layer is one Compaction pattern, the proportion of which is 20% of the total area, which proportion is also a satisfactory one Generates impression of surface dryness. The tests also showed that the compaction rate was greater than 50% of the Surface does not improve the surface dryness. The softness test shows that a compaction pattern, that covers 50% of the surface, is to be regarded as the upper limit for a still acceptable softness and that at 50% and more, a significant destruction of the softness and loss of stability of the material occur. Next showed the test that compaction of a total of 20% to 50% of the surface is permissible, a preferred compaction pattern but covers 30% to 40% of the total surface.

509838/0734

Claims (20)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Absorbent padding, which gives an improved feeling of softness when touched and an improved absorbency as well as moisture conductivity, which gives an improved feeling of surface dryness, characterized by an air-deposited cushion layer (22) made of crushed pulp, which is in a die Cushioning layer holding together envelope (24, 26) of thin paper is enclosed and a pattern-forming densities has, with laterally offset from one another, spaced apart from uncompacted areas less Dense existing nests (28), which from the sides running, overlapping, curved, compacted areas (30) of higher density are surrounded and separated, the compacted areas between 20% cover up to 50% of the total surface of the cushioning layer. 2. Absorbent pad according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed areas (30) between 30% to 40% of the cover the entire surface of the cushion layer (22). 3. Absorbent cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that the cushion layer (22) is practically uniform Has basis weight and the areas of higher and lower density (30 and 28) by the compression forming a pattern the layer are formed. 4. Absorbent pad according to claim 3, characterized in that the compressions forming the pattern are compressed Areas (30) exist which are used to create a permanent density gradient in the cushion layer (22) of one of the 509838/0734 absorbent surfaces are pressed into the padding layer. 5. Absorbent pad according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed areas (30) are practically sinusoidal and extending from one side edge of the cushioning layer (22) to the other. 6. Absorbent pad according to claim 1, characterized in that the areas (28) of low density form a tight packing form with a hexagonal arrangement. 7. Absorbent pad according to claim 6, characterized in that the areas (28) of low density are practically circular are formed and their diameter is between 9.5 mm to 19 mm. 8. Absorbent cushion according to claim 7, characterized in that the cushion layer has an average density of 0.14 g / cm and the diameter of the circular areas (28) of low density is 14.3 mm. 9. Diaper with an absorbent pad according to claim 1, characterized in that the pad (12) between a for urine-permeable cover layer (14) and a back layer (16) is arranged. 10. Diaper according to claim 9, characterized in that the compressed areas (30) between 30% to 40% of the total Cover the surface of the cushion layer (22). 11. Diaper according to claim 9, characterized in that the padding layer (22) has a practically uniform basis weight and the areas of higher and lower density 509838/0734 te (30 or 28) are formed by the compression of the layer forming a pattern. 12. Diaper according to claim 9, characterized in that the Pattern-forming densifications consist of densified areas (30) which are used to create a permanent density gradient in the cushion layer (22) are pressed into the cushion layer from one of the absorbent surfaces. 13. Diaper according to claim 9, characterized in that the compacted areas (30) practically sine waveformxg and from one side edge of the cushioning layer (22) to the other get lost. 14. Diaper according to claim 9, characterized in that the areas (28) low density form a close packing with a hexagonal arrangement. 15. Diaper according to claim 9, characterized in that the areas (28) low density are practically circular and their diameter is between 9.5 mm to 19 mm. 16. Diaper according to claim 9, characterized in that the padding layer has an average density of 0.14 g / cm and the diameter of the circular areas (28) of low density is 14.3 mm. 17. A method for processing an air-deposited cushion layer provided for an absorbent structure, thereby characterized in that the cushioning layer for improving the absorbency and the conductivity for moisture, which Improvements also give the impression of good surface dry 5 0.9 838/0734 Enhance hext and softness with a pattern forming
Compaction is provided, which pattern consists of laterally extending, overlapping, arc-shaped areas that cover between 20% to 50% of the entire surface and delimit laterally offset, spaced apart, uncompacted nests. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the compaction is carried out without the aid of water. 19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the compaction by pressing the cushion between a roller provided with a pattern and a counter-pressure roller with
practically smooth surface is executed. 20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that to achieve the desired density for the nests, the entire Pad is pre-compressed before the compression forming the pattern. For: The Procter & Gamble Company
Cincinnati, Qfiio, V.St.A. Dr HJWolff
Lawyer 09838/07 34