DE2505189A1 - HYDRAULIC LIQUID - Google Patents

Description

Γ Feb 6, 1975

C- :. ^; ■ '. "". 1TcRBHIL

i ^: i · ..: ... -. .λ, Λ WAIM-HyCiHSl

Our no. 19 682

Stauffer Chemical Company
Westport, Conn., V.Üt.A.

Hydraulic fluid

The present invention relates to functional liquid mixtures which are capable of reducing the wear and tear of mechanical parts, that come into contact with these liquid mixtures, to prevent and keep under control.

Numerous functional fluids are known and will be used for various uses. Such liquids are used, for example, as coolants for electronic systems and nuclear reactors, liquids in diffusion pumps, lubricants, damping agents, basics for lubricating greases,

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Power transmission fluids and hydraulic fluids, Liquids for heat transfer, liquids for heat pumps, cooling liquids and as filter media for air conditioning systems.

Of various functional parts used for the above purposes Liquids, decomposition of the liquid during use and damage to mechanical parts have been reported, in particular of metal parts that are in contact with the liquid, measurable by a weight loss of this Parts due to wear. So there was damage to hydraulics Aircraft systems, gas turbine bearings, jet engine control systems, steam turbine bearings and control systems of steam turbines, electro-hydraulic control systems and control devices of Hardly reported vehicles. ^ Materials such as glass, "Teflon", "Plexiglas", "Mylar", and parts made of other, non-metallic materials were damaged in this way.

Are the functional fluids in the hydraulic. Systems of aircraft and .Spacecraft used, so there were tough conditions for these fluids. These hydraulic fluids not only have to cope with harsh conditions of use have grown, but also meet various fire protection regulations. The hydraulic fluid must also work in the hydraulic system for extended periods of time without noticeable damage to the various Lines, valves, pumps and the like through which the liquid flows in use.

The damage caused by functional fluids in contact with valves and other rushes became the Wear and tear or erosion that occurs in contact with the functional fluid in the hydraulic system.

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ben. Among the various undesirable results that such Damage may include a noticeable decrease the strength of mechanical parts of the hydraulic system, for example pumps and valves, and a change in the Geometry of these parts. Such changes can, in the case of pumps, lead to a decrease in the pumping capacity, in the case of valves to faulty operation, excessive licking up to risk len lead.

These damages require expensive and time consuming early stages Overhaul of the mechanical file. Removed from mechanical ropes that are in contact with the functional fluid Metal contaminates the liquid, leads to filtering. Blockages and additional need for filter replacements and also requires early drainage and replacement of the fluid in the system. Metallic contamination can also change its physical and chemical properties the functional fluid enter.

Metallic impurities can also reduce the oxidation resistance of a liquid, which adversely affects its behavior. The metallic impurities in the liquid can manifest themselves in various ways, for example through changes in viscosity, increased acid number, precipitation ¹
Persistence and discoloration.

Increased acid number, formation of precipitates, decrease in chemical

The inevitable contamination presents a further difficulty of aircraft and electrohydraulic control systems by chlorinated solvents, which are used to keep the Systems and their parts are used. This problem was discussed in detail in Vickers 22nd Fluid Power Conference Report, Oct. 1972, Section 4, pp. 25-29. The pollution chlorinated solvents reduce the service life of func-

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tional fluids and accelerates damage which create excessive internal leaks in the hydraulic system that can prevent it from functioning. None so far known additive has the difficulties related to the contamination of functional fluids by chlorinated solvents go back, overcome satisfactorily.

No functional fluid has now been found that improves is in terms of low erosion effect, increased resistance to shear forces, oxidation and the effects of heat, and has improved fire safety; it is particularly suitable for use in hydraulic systems in aircraft. The invention relates to the incorporation of a smaller amount of certain ammonium salts of phosphoric acid in various basic mixtures of functional fluids, whereby functional fluids are obtained through the damage the metal parts surrounding the functional fluid are prevented.

The ammonium salts of phosphoric acids, which according to the invention Incorporation into functional fluids are given by the following formula:

R ¹ - R " _ + m ι N ι ι 1 R ¹

ti

Y ¹ ylf

-JOl;

wherein R, R 'and R ¹¹ , which can be identical or different or linked to one another, are hydrogen, alkyl ^ aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R ¹ ''alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl with 1 to 30 carbon atoms , X sour

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Substance or sulfur, Y ¹ and Y ^{11 are} alkoxy, alkylthio, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, aryloxy, arylthio or alkaryloxy, Z is oxygen or sulfur and m is the number 1 or 2. According to a preferred embodiment, m is the number 1.

According to a further embodiment, the ammonium ions are bound to the phosphoric acid anion via an alkylene or arylene group. This creates a zwitterion, with the ions im. generally by a carbon or carbon and oxygen chain connected, such as in

R ¹ ι

R-N- (R ") -

JrV

R ¹

σ- '

.γ "

t I

wherein R, R 'and R ¹ "have the above meaning and R ^{11 is} a divalent linking radical such as GHp and χ represent a number from 1 to 10. An example of compounds of the above formula is:

Il

(CHa) ₂ -P-

OCH ₃

The following are typical ammonium salts of acids of phosphorus respectively Ammonium ions and phosphoric acid ester anions listed:

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-S-

Ammonium ions

Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium 0 ctad ecyl-1rimet hyl-ammonium Iridecyl trimethyl ammonium Decyl trimethyl ammonium Didodecyl-dimethyl-ammonium Methyl-butyl-dodecyl-ammonium Dimethyl-propyl-dodecyl-ammonium Dodecyl-ammonium l'rioctyl-ammonium Dioctyl-methyl-ammonium Dioctyl-dimethyl-ammonium Dodecylbenzyl-trimethyl-ammonium Nonylphenyl trimethyl ammonium Dodecyl-dimethyl-butyl-ammonium Phenyl-dodecyl-dimethyl-ammonium Phenyl-trimethyl-ammonium Benzyl-trimethyl-ammonium Allyl tributyl ammonium

Dirnethyl dodecenyl ammonium (unsaturated radical R)

Trimethyl-hexadecenyl-ammonium

(unsaturated radical R) heptadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium Triocty1-methyl-ammonium

Methyl-of-naphthyl-phenylammonium

Cyclohexyl-dimethyl-ammonium Nonyl-trimethyl-ammonium Trisfn-tridecyl) methyl-ammonium ^r J? Ris (n-dod ecyl) methyl-ammonium Tris (isooctyl) methyl-ammonium Dimethylbutylhexadecyl-ammonium

Phosphoric ester anions

Diphenylphosphate phenylphosphate (bis-amine salt) dimethylphosphate Methyl phosphate (bis-amine salt) methyl-methylphosphona't Methyl phosphonate (bis-amine salt) diethyl phosphate Ethyl phosphate (bis-amine salt) dioctyl phosphate dibenzyl phosphate diallyl phosphate Methyl phenyl phosphate Bis (octylphenyl) phosphate, di-n-dodecyl-phosphate, diethyl dithiophosphate Di-n-butyl dithiophosphate Dibenzyl-ethiophosphate, diphenyl-d ithio phosphate " Bis (nonylphenyl) phosphate

Dibutyl phosphate Methyl octyl phosphonate

Hexadecyl phosphonate Methyl hexadecyl phosphonate methyl tert-butyl phosphonate

Methyl carbomethoxymethyl phosphonate

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- ^v "

iOriathylmethyl-ammonium 1,3 j 5-'I ¹ TJm ^ t hyl-pyridiniun:

2-Ethylhexyi-dimethyl-dodec.yl-ammonium Dimethylethyl-dodecyl-ammonium Dimethylbutyl-dodecyl-ammonium Trimethyl-dodecyl-ammonium Hexadecyl-dimethylethyl-ammonium T ris - (- d od ecyl) -butyl-ammonium T et rame t hyl-ammonium Trimethyl benzyl ammonium Trimethyl-tert-octylphenyl-ammonium 4-acetyl-N-methy! -Pyridinium

CH, CH ₂ - UP (OC ₆ H ₅ ) ₂

1- (N, N-Dimethyl) _1-imidazolium i-CNjN-DimethylJ-i-pyrrazolium N-methyl-oxazolium N-butyl-quinolinium, N-methyl-pyrrolium N, N-diethyl-pyrrolidinium N-methyl-N-hexyl-piperidinium N-methyl-N-butyl-piperidinium N-isopropyl thiazolium N-ethyl-N-methyl-phenothiazinium fyridinium

N-methyl pyride inium.

Each of these ammonium ions can in turn with each of the

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Phosphorus ester anions are combined to give typical compounds suitable for the purposes of the present invention. Particularly preferred ammonium salts of acids of phosphorus are, for example:

Hexadecyl trimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate decyl trimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate Didodecyl-dimethylammonium-diphenyl-phosphate Dimethyl-propyl-dodecyl-ammonium-diphenyl-phosphate Dodecyl ammonium diphenyl phosphate dodecyl benzyl trimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate Nonylphenyl trimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate Phenyl dodecyl dimethyl ammonium diphenyl phosphate allyl tributyl ammonium diphenyl phosphate Trimethyl hexadecenyl ammonium diphenyl phosphate Bis (dodecyl-trimethyl-ammonium) phenyl phosphate bis (oetadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium) phenyl phosphate Bis-phenyl-dodecyl-dimethyl-ammonium-phenyl phosphate Decyl trimethyl ammonium dimethyl phosphate Didodecyl-dimethylammonium-methyl-methylphosphonate BisCdidodecyl-dimethyl-ammonium-methylphosphonate Dodecyl trimethylammonium dimethyl phosphate Dodecyl trimethylammonium dibenzyl phosphate Dodecyl-trimethylammonium-methyl-phenyl-phosphate Dodecyl trimethylammonium bis (nonylphenyl) phosphate Dodecyl trimethylammonium diphenyldithiophosphate Octadecyl trimethylammonium diphenyldithiophosphate Dioctyl-methylammonium-diphenyldithiophosphate Phenyl-dodecyl-dimethylammonium-diphenyldithiophosphate Dodecyl trimethylammonium diethyldithiophosphate Phenyl_trimethylammonium diethyldithiophosphate Dodecyl trimethylammonium diallyl phosphate Dodecyl trimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate Didodecyl-dimethylammonium-di-n-dodecy! Phosphate

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itodecyl-trimethylarcinonium-di-n-dodecylphosphate l) ioctyl-met hy laminonium-dio c ty! phosphate i'rioctylammonium-dioctylphosphate phenyl-trimethylammonium-methyl-phenyl-phosphate Benzy1-trime thylammonium-methyl-phosphate t trimethyl-hexadecenylammonium-methyl-phenyl-phosphate bis (trioctylammonium) -ethylphosphate octadecyl-trimethylammonium-diphenylphosphate tridecyl-trimethylammonium-diphenylphosphate heptadecyl-trimethylammonium-diphenylphosphate-dibethylammonium-diphenylphosphate-butylphenyl-trimethyl-dimethyl-benzithylphosphate-nonylphenylammonium-diphenylphosphate-butylphenyl-trimethyl-diphenylphosphate-butylphenyl-trimethyl-diphenylphosphate-dib-ethylammonium-diphenylphosphate-dibethylammonium-diphenylphosphate-butylphenyl-trimethyl-benzithylphosphate-butylphenyl-trimethyl-benzi-benzi-phosphate-dibenzi trimethylammonium dimethylphosphate trioctyl-methyl ammonium diphenyl phosphate heptadecyl-trimethylammonium dimethylphosphate l ¹ ris (n-tridecyl) methylammonium-diphenyl phosphate, tris (n-dodecyl) methyl ammonium-diphenyl phosphate, tris (isooctyl) methyl ammonium-diphenyl phosphate Dimethylbutylhexadecylammonium dibutylphosphate i'riäthylmethylammoniummethyl methylphosphonate 1 , 3,5- ^ rimethylpyridinium-diphenylphosphat N-methyl-N-butylpiperidi nium dibutyl phosphate CH ₃ -N ^ 3-N-CH ₃ / "(O ₆ H ₅ C) ₂ PO ₂ -J ^ ₂

2-ethylhexyl-dimethyl-dodecylammonium-diphenylphosphate Dimethylethyl dodecylammonium diethyl phosphate Dimethyl butyl dodecylammonium dibutyl phosphate Srimethyl-dodecylammonium-dimethyl-methylphosphonate Hexadecyldimethylethylammonium diethyl phosphate Tris (dodecyl) butylammonium dibutyl phosphate Tetramethylammonium methyl octyl phosphonate Trimethyl benzylammonium metb ^ l-octylphosphonate i'etramethylammonium methyl hexadecyl phosphonate

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Benzyl trimethyl ammonium methyl hexadecyl phosphonate l'etramethylammonium methyl tert-butyl phosphonate Benzyl-trimethylacimonium-methyl-tert-butyl-phosphonate Tetramethylammonium methyl carbomethoxymethyl phosphonate Benzyl trimethylaimonium methyl carbomethoxymethyl phosphonate Trimethyl tert-octylphenylammonium diphenyl phosphate Trimethyl tert-octylphenylammonium methyl methylphosphonate Trimethyl tert-o-octylphenylammonium bis (nonylphenyl) phosphate I'etramethylammonium bis (nonylphenyl) phosphate BenzyltrimethylaEimonium bis (nonylphenyl) phosphate

CgHi ₇ -C ₁₀ H ₂ JO-CZ ^

(C ₆ H ₅ O) ₂ PO ₂ -

C- ^ Λ NCH ₃

(CH3O) (CH ₃ ) P0 ₂ -

(C ₆ H ₅ O) ₂ PO ₂ -

(CH ₃ O) (CH ₃ ) PO _n -

The quaternary ammonium salts of diesters of phosphoric acid, which have no N-H bonds, can according to the rule GB-PS 1 119 015 and after the preprint of the Symposium on Deposit, Wear, and Emission Control by Lubricants and Puel Additives, held in front of the Division of Petroleum Chemistry

ORFGiNAL! MSPECTED

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of the American Chemical Society, NVi. City Meeting, Sept. 1969, S. A-110. These methods include:

1. Reaction of an amine with a triester of phosphoric acid, the triester alkylating the amine. These reactions are usually carried out above 40 to 6O ⁰ C and can be neat, or in alcoholic solvents. All volatile components are then distilled off, the phosphoric acid diester salt of a quaternary ammonium cation remaining:

R ₃ N + ■ R ¹ O P (O) (OR ") ₂ ^ R3NR ¹ OP (O) (OR") ₂

R ″ is preferably the benzyl, allyl or a lower alkyl radical (in particular methyl). R ¹¹ can be alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl and the like.

2. Reaction of the phosphoric acid diester with a quaternary ammonium hydroxide with formation of the salt in a neutralization reaction and subsequent. Removal of the released water:

(RO) ₂ P (O) (OH) + R ₄ N (OH) - ^ R ₄ N OP (o) (OR) ₂ + H ₂ O

3 «Reaction of the quaternary ammonium halide with the sodium or the potassium salt of the phosphoric acid diester and extracting the phosphate with a solvent such as acetone to remove sodium or potassium chloride:

(RO) ₂ P (O) (O) Na + R ₄ N Cl

. R ₄ N OP (O) (OR) ₂ ·! - NaCl

The erosion caused by hydraulic fluids was in Boeing Scientific Research Laboratories Document D1-82-0847 with the electrical properties of the liquid in

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Relationship set. It has been proposed to reduce the erosion caused by hydraulic fluids by ionic impurities present in the liquid eliminated or by noticeably increasing the conductivity of the liquid.

Both considerations have been put into practice with some success. This is surprising due to the fact that by eliminating ionic impurities the conductivity is actually decreased. Hence, there appear to be two opposing solutions to the problem of erosion. Recent experiments have shown that the elimination of ionic contaminants by filtration through activated Clay reduces the erosion produced by a phosphate ester hydraulic fluid. It is here, however This is not a practical solution, as erosion will start again soon after the filtration has ended. Also is a Filtration impossible in an airplane.

It was found that the addition of ammonium salts of acids of phosphorus to various basic fluids the damage caused by these liquids can be effectively prevented. Conductivity measurements on these, the ammonium salts containing liquids showed an increased conductivity. However, it is not yet possible to determine the conductivity to explain the mechanism or to evaluate the effectiveness of the erosion inhibitors. the However, conductivity initially serves as a certain indication, although further studies in this area are needed and desirable.

The conductivities of commercially available, based on phosphate esters hydraulic fluids for aircraft on the market today are between about 0.02 and about 0.06 Microohm / cm.

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ionic liquids containing the ammonium salt of the acid of the phosphorus is added, are referred to here as base liquids. These include, without limitation on it, esters and amides of phosphoric acids, mineral oils and synthetic hydrocarbon oils, hydrocarbyl silicates, Silicones, aromatic ether and ihioethboron compounds, chlo ~ rated biphenyls, monoesters, dicarboxylic acid esters, polyvalent esters Hydroxyl compounds, polyalkylene ether glycols and alcohols and their esters.

The concentration of the ammonium salts of the phosphoric acids in the functional .Liquid is according to the respective system and the functional fluid chosen so that wear is prevented and reduced. It turned out that that Response of the additive, that is, the concentration of the 'ammonium salt of phosphoric acid, which is used to prevent and Reduction of wear required by the base fluid, respectively from the G-round fluid used. the mixture depends on basic fluids. .

In the case of the basic fluids suitable for carrying out the invention The concentration of the ammonium salts of phosphoric acid is about 1.0 to about 15% by weight. The preferred one Additive concentration is about 0.025 to about 5 wt. especially at about 0.1 to about 0.5 wt. Subject of The invention is therefore a mixture containing a functional fluid and a wear-preventing amount of one Ammonium salt of phosphoric acids, that is, an additive of ammonium salt, which is used to reduce and prevent wear and tear causing concentration results. The invention functional fluids can be known in any Manner can be prepared by incorporating the additive into a base liquid, preferably the ammonium salt the phosphoric acids of the base liquid with stirring.

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set and stir until you get a flowable mixture receives.

As already mentioned, in the mixtures according to the invention different base fluids are present. Suitable base fluids are discussed in more detail below as base fluids for the purposes of the present invention Suitable functional fluids can include esters and amides be an acid of phosphorus, which is represented by the following formula can be:

_: R- (Y) ₈ -P- (Yi) -Ra ■: - ι ^c

wherein Y is oxygen, sulfur or the hest

-NY ₁ oxygen, sulfur or the kest

i4 -N-

and Y _{2 is} oxygen, sulfur or the remainder

-N-

and R, RJ, Rp, R 1, R, and R 1 represent alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, substituted aryl, or substituted alkyl, where R, R ₁

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Rp, IL ₅ , R. and R ₁ - can be identical or different; a, b and c are whole numbers from U to 1, and the sum of a + b + c is a number from 1 to 3 «

In general, the number of carbon atoms in. Den Alkyl radicals 1 to 30. The alkyl radicals also include cycloalkyl radicals and alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl radicals.

From the remnants above with. aralkyl groups are also included, for example the benzyl, 0 (τ or ß-phenylethyl, 0 (, #, ~ dimethylbenzyl radical and the like, the alkyl moieties having 1 to 30 carbon atoms exhibit. The cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl radical and the like are also included Alkaryl radicals such as, for example, the methylphenyl, ethylphenyl radical and the like. Also included are alkoxyalkyl radicals such as the methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl, Öutoxyäthyl, butoxybutyl radical and the same.

Typical examples of substituted alkyl radicals are the semi-generic alkyl radicals the formula

«7

where Hai is a halogen, m is a number less than or equal to 2 .. and η is a number from 0 to 18 and Rg and R _{7 are} hydrogen, halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, or alkyl radicals. Preferred residues are those with Hai = Pluor. The halogenated alkyl radicals can be primary, secondary or tertiary.

Further suitable fluorine-containing radicals are fluorine-containing alkoxy alkyl radicals. Hydrogen and J? Luor can also be used in the described benen haloalkyl radicals by other halogen atoms such as chlorine

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or bromine.

Typical examples of aryl and substituted aryl radicals are the phenyl, uresyl and xyIy1 radical, halogenated phenyl, uresyl and xylyl residues, in which available hydrogen on Aryl or substituted aryl nucleus is partially or entirely replaced by a halogen which is o-, m- and p-l'rifluoromethylphenyl, o-, m- and p-2,2,2-trifluoroethylphenyl-, o-, m- and p-3,3,3-trifluoropropylphenyl- and o-, m- and p-4,4,4-l'rifluorobutylphenyl radical. This also includes the Isopropylphenyl-, Butylphenylres.t ^ oC-Alkylbenzylphenyl- and OfjOf-Dialkylbenzylphenylreste, for example the OY-methylbenzylphenyl- and Of, Oi-dimethyl benzylphenylr es t.

Orthosilicates suitable as G-round liquids include Tetraalkyl orthosilicates such as the tetra (octyl) orthosilicates, Tetra (2-ethylhexyl) orthosilicates and the tetra (isooctyl) orthosilicates and orthosilicates, in which the isooctyl radical is derived from isooctyl alcohol from the oxo process, and also the. (Trialkoxysilico) trialkyl orthosilicates, also called hexa- (alkoxy) disiloxanes are designated, for example hexa (2-ethylbutoxy) disiloxane and hexa (2-ethylhexoxy) disiloxane.

The preferred tetraalkyl orthosilicates and hexa (alkoxy) disiloxanes are those whose alkyl or alkoxy radicals have 4 to 12 carbon atoms and in which the total number of Carbon atoms in the urethosilicate is 16 to 60.

In addition to the hexa (alkoxy) disiloxanes mentioned, other Hexa (alkoxy) disiloxanes are used where the aliphatic reads the alkoxy group, for example from the 1-ethylpropyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2-methylpentyl, 1-methylhexyl, 1-ethylpentyl, 2-butylhexyl or 1-methyl-4-ethyloctyl radical consists.

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The orthosilicates and alkoxy poly siloxanes can be followed by de iOrmel v / ied v / earth:

O ι Si

O ι Rio

(O)

ra

0 - X (0) _m

(O) ₁

where Rq, Rq and R ₁₀ *, which can be the same or different, are alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl, X is carbon or silicon, m is the number U or 1 and η is an integer from 1 to about 200 or more, where, when X is carbon, m is the number 0 and η is the number 1 and R ₁₁ , R ₁₂ ^and ^ i3 are hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl and, when X is silicon, m is the number 1 and η is an integer from 1 to about 200 or more and Rii> E ₁₂ ^{uri (3} ^ 13 are alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, or substituted aryl.

Typical examples of substituted aryl radicals are the o-, m- and p-chlorophenyl, o-, m- and p-bromophehyl ~, 0-, m- and p-i'luorophenyl-, QUO ^ ft-Trichlorocresyl-, O ^ CKjOf-Trifluorcresyl-, XyIyI and o-, m- and p-cresyl radical. Typical examples of Al alkyl and haloalkyl radicals are described above.

The siloxanes or silicones suitable as basic fluids can be represented by the following general formula:

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25051

14 '

Rl 5

Si

"n

R ₁₇

I.

Si

__ ^Rl 8

^l 9;

wherein R _1., R ₁ 1 'R-ig "Κ-ιγ" -R-ig and R ₁ each _Q is alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl, and η is an integer from about 0 to about 2000 or more represent Typical examples of alkyl and haloalkyl radicals and their number of carbon atoms have already been mentioned above. Typical examples of such siloxanes are poly (methyl) siloxane, poly (methyl, phenyl) siloxane, poly (methyl, chlorophenyl) siloxane and poly (methyl, 3,3> 3-trifluoropropyl) siloxane.

Typical examples of substituted aryl radicals are the o-, m- and p-chlorophenyl-, o-, m- and p-bromophenyl-, o-, m- and pjpluophenyl-, Cf, CfjOl-Srichlorcresyl-, Of, »^, Oi-Trifluorcresyl-, o-, m- and p-oresyl and xylyl radicals.

Have dicarboxylic acid esters suitable as base fluids the formula

^R 2o ~

It

-C-O

22nd

wherein Rp ₀ and R _{22 are} alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl and R ₂ -. represent a divalent alkylene or substituted alkylene radical. They are made by esterifying dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, hydroxysuccinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and the like with alcohols such as butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2,2-dimethylheptanol, 1-methyl-cyclohexylmethanol and the like obtain.

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2 S Π 5 Ί 0 ff

Polyesters suitable as base fluids can be obtained by the following Formula to be reproduced:

O ti

R23 — ξ C -

CH ₂ -

O
Il Z O -
I. C - R ₂ * CH?
I. C -
I. CH ₂
t O
I. C =
t R ₂₅ O

wherein Rp, hydrogen or an alkyl radical, Ii ". and Rp, - respectively Alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl, a is the number 0 or 1 and Z is the number 1 or 2, where, when Z is 1, Rp, - is hydrogen, alkyl, acyloxy or substituted acyloxy and, when Z is 2, Rpg is oxygen represents. They are obtained by esterifying polyalcohols such as pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, Trimethylolethane and neopentylglycol with acids such as Propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, n-valeric acid, Caproic acid, n-heptylic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylheptanoic acid and pelargonic acid. Typical examples for alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl and substituted aryl radicals have been given above. '-

The monoesters are also suitable as basic liquids.

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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-ZO

Another class of base fluids suitable according to the invention are the polyphenyl ethers, polyphenyl thio ethers or mixtures thereof, of the formula:

O.

wherein A, A ₁ , A ₂ and 'A, each a halogen with an atomic number of 8 to 16, X, X ^, X ₂ , X ₇ and X. each is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, halogen, aralkyl or substituted aralkyl, m, η and ο represent integers from U to 3 and a represents the number O to 1, with the proviso that when a = O, η is the number 1 or 2. Typical examples of alkyl and substituted alkyl radicals are mentioned above. Typical examples of such base fluids are 2- to 7-ring p-, m- and p-polyphenyl ethers and their mixtures, 2- to 7-ring o-, m- and p-polyphenylthioethers and their mixtures, mixed polyphenyl ether / thioether compounds, in which at least one of the _{chalcogens represented by A, A 1} , A "and A" differs from the others, dihalogenated diphenyl ethers, for example 4-bromo-3'-chlorodiphenyl ether and bisphenoxy-biphenyl compounds and mixtures thereof.

! KSFESTED

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Also hydrocarbon oils including mineral oils made from petroleum and synthetic hydrocarbon oils are suitable as base fluids. The physical properties more functional fluids from a mineral oil are selected based on the requirements of the fluid system, and therefore, according to the invention, mineral oils come with a wide range Viscosities and volatilities range into consideration, for example naphthenic, paraffinic and mixed mineral oils.

The synthetic hydrocarbon oils include, without limitation to be limited, oils obtained by oligomerization of olefins such as polybutenes, as well as oils catalyzed by, acid Dirnerization and oligomerization with aluminum alkyls and titanium halides as catalysts, or with Friedel-Crafts or with peroxide catalysts from higher oil olefins with 4 to 20 carbon atoms.

Also chlorinated biphenyls exgn ^ n '^ sfc'ii as base fluids.

The liquid mixtures according to the invention can in use as a functional or hydraulic fluid, acid acceptors, dyes, pour point depressants, thickeners agents, antioxidants, antifoams, improvers the viscosity index such as polyalkyl acrylates, polyalkyl methacrylates, polycyclic ^ polymers, polyurethanes, polyalkylene oxides and polyesters, lubricants, water and the like.

The base liquids described above can also be used individually or in the form of liquid mixtures, which two or contain several base fluids in varying amounts. The base fluids can also be added in addition to the functional fluid, other fluid components

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th, for example, from coal tar products, synthetic products and synthetic oils, for example alkylene polyraers (such as polymers of propylene, butylene, and the like as well as their mixtures), alkylene oxide polymers (for example propylene oxide polymers) and their derivatives including Alkylene oxide polymers obtained by polymerizing the alkylene oxides in the presence of 'water or alcohol, for example Ethyl alcohol, alkylbenzenes (for example idonoalkylbenzene such as dodecylbenzene, tetradecylbenzene and the like) and dialkylbenzenes (for example n-nonyl-2-ethylhexylbenzene), Polyphenyls (e.g. biphenyls and terphenyls), halogenated benzenes, halogenated (lower-alkyl) benzenes and monohalogenated diphenyl ethers »

GemäJ3 a preferred embodiment of the invention is combined, the ammonium salt of phosphoric acid with a base liquid from Phosphatester "The base fluid then mainly consists of trialkyl phosphates which are present in amounts of 50 to 95 and preferably from 60 to 90 wt. <Fo. Trialkyl phosphates whose alkyl radicals have 1 to 20, preferably 3 to 12 and particularly preferably 4 to 9 carbon atoms give the best results. The alkyl radicals are preferably straight-chain. A single triylkyl phosphate can have the same alkyl radical in all three positions or a mixture of different alkyl radicals. Mixtures of different sialkyl phosphates can also be used. Trialkyl phosphates suitable as base fluids are, for example, tripropyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, trihexyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, dipropyloctyl phosphate, dibutyl octyl phosphate, dipropyl hexyl phosphate, dihexyl octyl phosphate, dihexyl propyl butyl phosphate and phosphate.

The trialkyl phosphates can with triaryl phosphates or alkyl

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Arylptiosphaten can be combined. Preferred trialkyl phosphates are tricresyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, tert-butyl-phenyl-phenyl-phosphate, ethyl- ^ phenyl-dicresyl-phosphate or isopropylphenyl diphenyl phosphate, phenyl bis (4-tf-meth, ylbenzylphenyl) phosphate, Diphenyl decyl phosphate, diphenyl octyl phosphate, methyl diphenyl phosphate, butyl dicresyl phosphate and the same. According to a preferred embodiment, a mainly 'i'rixylenyl phosphate containing Basic fluid used. The triaryl phosphate acts as a thickener for the '-i-'rialkylphosphate. The amount of triaryl phosphate can therefore be between 0 and 35 wt. The preferred amount of the triaryl phosphates is from about 5 to about 30% by weight of the mixture. -

To achieve the desired viscosity, you can use your mixture conventional polymeric thickeners or viscosity index improvers of trialkyl and triaryl phosphate can be added. Typical thickeners are polyacrylates, Polymethacrylates, polyethylene oxides, polypropylene oxides, polyesters and the like.

A polyester made from azelaic acid is preferably used as the thickening agent and a diol such as propylene glycol or the like used in an amount of 0.3 to 20 wt.

Combinations of antioxidants and / or acid in amounts of from about 0.1 to about 5 wt. ⁰ Yes of the hydraulic fluid can be added, for example, epoxides and / or amines. The mixture of 3 »4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate and phenyl- [-naphthylamine was found to be particularly effective.

Corrosion inhibitors such as benzotriazole, quinizarine or the like can be used in quantities from 0.001 to 0.5 wt.

509833/1001

be added after mixing in. A dye can also be used at a concentration of 5 to 20 ppm in conventional May be mixed in with ground. Effective amounts of a silicone antifoam agent can also be added, as is conventional is most effective in amounts of 5 to 50 ppm.

The functional fluids according to the invention can be up to contain about 1 wt. ^ water. However, the amount of water is preferably below 0.6 and particularly preferably below held about 0.3 wt.

In the following examples, all parts and percentages relate to weight, unless stated otherwise will.

example 1

A base liquid from 78.98 Gew.yi tributyl phosphate and 9.70 wt. ° / o mixed üresyl- Xylenylphosphaten and having a viscosity of about 220 Saybolt Universal-seconds at 37.8 ° C with 9> 00 wt. ^L / o a polyester thickener ("Plastolin 9789", manufacturer Emery Industries) mixed. Then, 1.0 wt "$ ^» ^ - ^ Epoxycyclohexylmeth-yl, 4-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate, and 1.0 wt $ phenyl- (X-naphthylamine admixed Then, 0.02 wt ° / o benzotriazole together with a... conventional dyestuff and antifoam agent in amounts of 20 and 15 ppm, respectively, and then dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate in various amounts between 0.1 and 0.3 wt.

The above mixture was tested in a device that was derived from the flap valve of a Boeing 737j belonging to it Vickers · .axial piston pump and corresponding devices that ensure that the device according to the

509833/10 01

requirements of section 10.2 of the SAE regulation AS 1241, which the erosion resistance of fireproof hydraulic Concerning fluids for aircraft, The fluids worked were rated on the basis of the increase in leakage loss with the valve closed or in the O position. The results with dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate as an additive to the hydraulic fluid made from phosphate ester were as follows:

G-eWo>'o Dodecyl trimethyl leakage loss to conductivity ammonium diphenyl phosphate would take (Micromho / cm) (ml / min / h)

none 7.0 0.021

0.1 2.0. 0.10

0.3 0.0 0.29

These results show that by adding an effective amount of dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate to a hydraulic Phosphate ester fluid that prevents wear and tear on the hydraulic system.

Example 2

A similar erosion test was carried out with the hydraulic fluid from phosphate ester according to Example 1 and 0.3 wt. ^ Dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate carried out. In this test, the concentration of chlorinated solvents gradually increased to increased to a final value of 2000 ppm chlorine.

Total chlorine (ppm) Total test time Increase in leakage loss (hrs) (ml / min) hrs)

40 (base value)
275 (as CH ₅ COl ₃ ) 444 (as OH ₃ OCl ₅ ) 938 (as CH ₅ CGl ₅ )

2000 (as ΟΗ, ΟΟΙ, and

i) ^ 910 0

440 0 625 0 730 0 830 0

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These values show the usefulness of the dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate & to prevent wear and tear, the. a phosphate hydraulic fluid contaminated with chlorine ester adds to the hydraulic system. .

Example 3

With a proven hydraulic fluid made of phosphate ester for aircraft (Boeing Material Spec. 3110 (BMS-311-C), which is contaminated by 1000 ppm chlorine (as 1,1,1-trichloroethane) an erosion test was carried out. According to investigation The rate of erosion was controlled by increasing amounts of the hydraulic fluid made from phosphate ester according to Example 1 +0.3 GeWo ^ Dodecyltrimethylammoniumdiphenylphosphate of the contaminated Liquid added. The following values were determined:

BIS 311-C phosphate ester containing hydraul. liquid

ppm chlorine as CH _? OC 1 _?

Wt. ^ A phosphate ester liquid. Increase in leakage loss containing 0.3 wt. # dodecyl- (ml / min / ätd.)

trimethylammonium-diphenyl =
phosphate 6.0 no 6.0 20th 0.8 35 0 50

These values illustrate the usefulness of a dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate containing formulation to stop the hydraulic from contaminated with chlorine Phosphate ester fluid caused wear on the hydraulic system.

509833/1001

Example 4

In an erosion test similar to the test of Example 1, the wear-causing properties of the fluid were determined according to Example 1 completely stopped by adding 0.5 wt.% of a mixed mono- and bis- (dodecyl _ ^, mmonium) methyl phosphate. This experiment illustrates the utility of mixed mono- and bis- (dodecylammonium) methyl phosphates for Stopping the wear and tear caused by fluids containing phosphate esters in hydraulic systems. The conductivity before the addition was microohm / cm, then 0.24 microohm "/ cm" ".

Example 5

A mixture similar to the mixture of Example 1 was prepared. Two formulations were made with this mixture. The first contained 0.2% by weight of dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate, the second 0.2 wt. trioctylmethylphosphonium dimethylphosphate. These formulations were given to the 'in the stability test described in the Boeing Material Specification 311-C subject to the following results:

Boeing test for thermal stability: test conditions: 121 ⁰ G; 168 hours test duration; available as catalysts steel, magnesium, gadmium-plated steel, copper and aluminum.

Viscosity change Increase in

- (cSt) acid number liquid 57.8 0 99 ⁰ C

Basic mixture +0.2 wt

Dodecyl trimethylammonium

diphenyl phosphate +0.10 + 0.03 0

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Basic mixture + 0.2 ΰ-ev. » ¹ , -;

Trioctyl-methylphospho =

nium dimethyl phosphate -1.11 -0.42 1.2

BMS 311-0 Specification

Error limit +1.0 - 0.3 + 0 _s 5

These values show that formulations containing dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate show better thermal and oxidation resistance as an additive than with trioctylmethylphosphoniumdimethylphosphate manufactured formulations.

Example 6
(Embodiment 1)

In an erosion test carried out according to Example 1, a polyphenyl ether hydraulic fluid made from mixed meta and para pentaphenylene tetroxides containing 0.2 $ bis (dodecylbenzyltrimethylammonium) phenyl phosphate contained, used, with this liquid less metal wear than with the same liquid without the addition of Bis-ammonium phosphate occurred.

Example 7 '

(Embodiment 2)

In one carried out according to the procedure of Example 1 Erosion test revealed a fluid made from about $ 85 of a synthetic hydrocarbon oil (for example, product of the Royal lubricants for use in hydraulic fluids (MIL-H-83282), $ 15 trimethylolpropane triheptanoate and $ 0.2 Didodecyldimethylammonium didodecylphosphate less metal wear than the same base liquid without the ammonium phosphate.

509833/1001

Example 8
(Embodiment 3)

In an erosion test carried out according to the procedure of Example 1, a liquid of about 50% mixed alkyl-substituted phosphate ester, 4-Ofo aromatic mineral oil (for example "NUSO 95", distributed by Sun Oil Co.), 10 # pentaerythritol tetraheptanoate and 0.270% nonylphenyltrimethylammonium dioctyl phosphate gave less metal wear than the same liquid without the ammonium phosphate

509833/1001

Claims (1)

Claims 1. Hydraulic fluid containing (1) a major part from a basic liquid made from an ester or amide an acid of phosphorus, mineral oil, synthetic hydrocarbon oil, Orthosilicate, alkoxypolysiloxane, silicone, polyphenyl ether, polyphenyl thioether, chlorinated Biphenyl, dicarboxylic acid esters of monohydric alcohols, monocarboxylic acid esters of monohydric alcohols, monocarboxylic acid esters polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof, polyalkylene ether alcohol or-öster or mixtures thereof, characterized by (2) a wear-preventing amount of an ammonium salt of a phosphoric acid "of the formula -R ' RNR ¹ 'R ¹ " It 2-in • yl I wherein R, R ¹ , R ¹ 'and R ¹ ″, which can be identical, different or linked to one another, are hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, X is oxygen or sulfur, Y ¹ and Y ¹ 'represents a lower alkoxy, lower alkyl, phenyl, lower-alkylphenyl, phenyl-lower-alkyl, phenoxy or lower-alkylphenoxy radical, Z is oxygen and hi is the number H or 2. Hydraulic .Fluid according to Claim 1, characterized in that that m is the number 1. 3. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that that the base fluid consists of a mineral oil, synthetic hydrocarbon oil, Ulster or Amid one Phosphoric acid or mixtures thereof, the 509833/1001 Esters or amides have the formula ο .I ti ' have, wherein Y is oxygen, sulfur or the remainder -NY ₁ oxygen, sulfur or the rest -N-Yp oxygen, sulfur or the rest and R, R-, Rp, R ,, R and R ₁ - alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, substituted aryl or substituted alkyl and a, b and c are integers from 0 to 1, the sum of a + b + c is a number from 1-3. 4 «Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3> characterized in that that the basic liquid consists of a mixture of an ester of a phosphoric acid with a mineral oil., 5. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that the basic liquid consists of a mixture of an ester of a phosphoric acid with a synthetic hydrocarbon oil consists. 609833 / 1QO1 6. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are trialkyl phosphates as an ester of a phosphoric acid, Triaryl phosphates, alkali phosphates, aralkyl phosphates or mixtures thereof. 7. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 6, characterized in that that it contains a mixture of trialkyl phosphates and I'riaryl phosphates as an ester of a phosphoric acid. 8ο Hydraulic fluid according to claim 7 »characterized in that it contains up to about 90 wt. ° / o trialkyl phosphates and contains about 50 to about 50 Gew.j'b triaryl phosphates. 9. Hydraulic .Flüssigkeit according to claim 7, characterized by a thickener. 10 «Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3», characterized in that that it contains the ammonium salt in an amount of about 0.01 to about 10 Gew.5ε. 11. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that it contains the ammonium salt in an amount of about 0.1 to 2.0 wt. ^ b. 12. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3? marked through an acid acceptor. 13 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized by a dye and a silicone anti-foaming agent. 14 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized by an antioxidant « 509833/1001 15. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that Y ¹ and I ^{11 of} the .Formula consist of lower alkyl or phenyl » 16. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are hexadeoyltrimethylammcniumdiphenylphosphate as ammonium salts contains. 17 «Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that it contains decyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt 18. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3r, characterized in that that they are didodecyldimethylammoniumdiphenylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 19. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that it contains dimethylpropyldodecylammonium diphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt. 20. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that it contains dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt. 21. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that that it contains dodecylbenzyltrimethylammonium diphenylphosphate as the ammonium salt. 22. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are nonylphenyltrimethylammoniumdiphenylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 23. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that it contains phenyldodecyldimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt. 509833/1001 24. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that it contains allyltributylammonium diphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt. 25. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are trimethylhexadecenylammonium diphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 26. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are bis (dodecyltrimethylammonium) phenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 27 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that as the ammonium salt they are tris (n-tridecyl) - contains methylammonium diphenyl phosphate. 28. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are bis (phenyldodecyldimethylammonium) phenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 29. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3> characterized in that that they are decyl, trimethylaminoniumdimethylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 30. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3> characterized in that that they are the ammonium salt didodecyldimethyI- cn
contains ammoniummethylmethylphosph & t. 31. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that it contains bis (didodecyldimethylammonium) methylphosphonate as the ammonium salt. 32. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are dodecyltrimethylammoniumdiinethylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 509833/1001 33 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are the ammonium salt Do de cyl tr in ethylamino nium dibenzyl phosphate contains. 34. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are dodecyltrimethylammoniummethylphenylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 35. Hydraulic .Liquid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they, as the ammonium salt, do decyl trimethylamine- contains nium bis (nonylphenyl) phosphate. 36. Hydraulic .Liquid according to claim 3 »'characterized in that that it contains dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyldithiophosphate as the ammonium salt. 37 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are dimethylbutylhexadecylammonium dibutyl phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 38, hydraulic fluid according to claim 3> characterized in that it is triethylmethylammoniummethylmethylphosphonate as the ammonium salt contains. 39 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are phenyldodecyldimethylammoniumdiphenyldithiophosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 4Ü. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are dodecyltrimethylammonium diethyldithiophosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 41. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized 509833/1001 draws that they are PhenyItrimethylammoniumdiäthyldithiophosphat as Ammoniuinsalz contains. 42. Hydraulic fluid after. Claim 3, characterized in that that they are dodecyltrimethylamine-niumdiallylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 43. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are 1,3,5-2rimethylpyridiniumdiphenylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 44 Hydraulic fluid according to Claim 3, characterized in that that they are dodecyltrimethylammonium di-n-dodecyl phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 45. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that it contains dioctylmethylammonium dioctyl phosphate as the ammonium salt. 46. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are 2-ethylhexyldimethyldodecylammoniumdiphenylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 47 Hydraulic fluid according to Claim 3, characterized in that that it contains phenyltrimethylammonium methylphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt. 48. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are benzyltrimethylammoniummethylphenylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 49. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are trimethylhexadecenylammonium methylphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 509833/1001 ¹ O / * ~ 50. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that it contains as ammonium al ζ bis (trioctylammonium) ethyl phosphate. 51. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that it is the ammonium salt octadecyltrimethylammo- contains nium diphenyl phosphate. 52. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3> characterized in that that they are H-methyl- as the ammonium salt. N-b'utylpiperidinium dibutyl phosphate contains. 53 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3> characterized in that it is the ammonium salt Dimethylbutyldodecylamcioniumdi contains butyl phosphate. 54. Hydraulic fluid according to claim. 3, characterized in that that they are nonylphenyltrimethylammonium di-n-butyl dithiophosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 55 »Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3» characterized in that that they are benzyltrimethylammoniumdibenzyldithiophosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 56. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that it is the ammonium salt hexadecyltrimethyl- contains ammonium dimethyl phosphate. 57 «Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3», characterized in that that they are trioctylmethylammonium diphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 58. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are heptadecyltrimethylammoniumdimethylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 509833/1001 59 Hydraulic fluid according to Claim 3, characterized in that that they are called Ammoniumsalζ Tris (n-dodecyl) methylammonium diphenyl phosphate contains. 60. Hydraulic fluid according to Claim 3, characterized in that that they are tris (isooctyl) methylammonium diphenyl phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 61. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that as the ammonium salt CH ^ - ^ K- ^ y ^ N-CH, - / "(G ₆ HC) ₂ PO _2Z 7 ₂ contains. 62. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that it is the ammonium salt dirnethylethyldodecylammonium diethyl phosphate contains. 63 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are l'rimethyldodecylammoniumdimethylmethylphosphonate as the ammonium salt contains. 64. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3i, characterized in that that it is the ammonium salt hexadecyldimethylethylammonium diethyl phosphate contains. 65. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are tris (dodecyl) butylammonium dibutyl phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 66. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that it contains tetramethylammonium methyloctylphosphonate as the ammonium salt. 67. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3i characterized 509833/1001 records that they are trimethylbenzylammonium methyloctylphosphonate as the aniinonium salt contains. 68. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are l'etramethylammoniummethylhexadecylphosphonat as the ammonium salt contains. 69. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are benzyltrimethylammoniummethylhexadecylphosphonate as the ammonium salt contains. 70. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are tetramethylammonium methyl tert-butyl phosphonate as the ammonium salt contains. 71. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that they are benzyltrimethylammonium methyl tert-butyl phosphonate as the ammonium salt contains. 72. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are tetramethylammonium methyl carbomethoxymethylphosphonate as the ammonium salt contains. 73 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized in that that as the ammonium salt it is benzyltrimethylammo- contains sodium methyl carbomethoxymethyl phosphonate. ; 74 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 ». Characterized in that that it is l'rimethyl-tert-octylphenylammoniumdiphenylphosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 75. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are trimethyl-tert-octylphenylammoniummethyl-methylphosphonate as the ammonium salt contains. 509833/1001 76. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that it contains trimethyl-tert-octylphenylammoniuffli »bis (nonylphenyl) phos ^pjaa as the ammonium salt. 77. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are tetramethylammonium bis (nonylphenyl) phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 78. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that they are benzyltrimethylammonium bis (nonylphenyl) phosphate as the ammonium salt contains. 79 · Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized by O ι · / "TV *" draws that it as ammonium al ζ GoH ₁₇ -G ₁₀ Hp -.0-C- ^ '> 4 OH, (C ^ H C O) ₀ PO, ".- contains. 80. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized in that that as the ammonium salt " CH ₃ (C ₉ H ₁₉ C ₆ HO) ₂ PO ₂ ". Contains. 81. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3> characterized in that that they are considered the ammonium salt _8171021 CH ₅ (CH ₃ O) (CH ₃ ) PO ₂ - contains. 82. Hydraulic fluid according to claim 3 »characterized by 11 / TA ⁺ records that it is the ammonium salt GH ^ OC- / '^ .NCH, (C ₆ H ₅ O) ₂ PO ₂ * ^. contains. ^ ^Z '^ 83o hydraulic fluid according to claim 3, characterized 509833/1 001 Ii / τ ~ τ \ ⁺ draws that they as ammonium salζ ϋΗ, Ο-Ο- / ^{7 x} NCH, (C ₉ H ₁₉ G ₆ H ₄ O) ₂ PU ₂ "contains. ■ * ^{= /} 84 «Hydraulic fluid according to opposition 3, characterized in that it contains OH., OC - ^ __ \ NCH_ (CH ₃ O) (CH ₅ ) PU ₂ " - as the ammonium salt. 85. A method of operating a hydraulic pressure-exerting device in which a moving force becomes a movable one Link is transferred, characterized in that a hydraulic fluid according to claim 1 used. 86. The method according to claim 85, characterized in that a hydraulic fluid according to claim 2 is used. 87. The method according to claim 86, characterized in that a hydraulic .Liquid is used, the base liquid of which from a .taster or amide of an acid of phosphorus, mineral oil, synthetic hydrocarbon oil or mixtures thereof. 88 · The method according to claim 87, characterized in that a hydraulic fluid according to any one of claims 16 to 18, 21, 22, 24, 26, 29, 33 to 39, 42, 43, 52, 54 to 59, 61, 63, 66, '67, 69, 70, 72, 75..or 77 to 80 used, 89. Failure prevention method in a hydraulic system System, characterized in that there is an effective amount of a compound of the formula 509833/1001 R - R ¹
ι X
It NO"
ι Z -P
m RHI ItI ζ — ία - * m uses, in which R, R ¹ , R ¹¹ and R ^f '·, which can be identical, different or "bonded to one another, hydrogen, alk _v l, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, X building material or sulfur, Y ¹ and Y ¹ · alkoxy, alkylthio, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, aryloxy, arylthio or alkaryloxy, Z is oxygen or sulfur and m is the number 1 or 2. 90. The method according to claim 89, characterized in that if an ammonium salt is used, v / orin m denotes the number 1. 91 · Method according to claim 90, characterized gekennaeicb.net that the wear-preventing connection is carried out in one organic chlorine contaminated system used. 92. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt is dodecyltrimethylammonium diphenyl phosphate used. 93. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt used is bis (phenyldodecyldimethylammonium) phenylphosphate used. 94 · The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt used is decyltrimethylammoniumdimethylphosphate. 509833/1001 95. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that dal3 the ammonium salt is bis (didodecyldimethylammonium) methyl phosphonate used" 96 ", method according to claim 90, characterized in that one as Ammoniumsalζ Dodecyltrimethylammoniumdibenzylphosphat used. 97. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt used is dodecyltrimethylammoniumdiphenyldithiophosphonate used. 98. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt is phenyltrimethylammonium diethyldithiophosphate used. 99 · The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt is dodecyltrimethylammonium diallyl phosphate used. 100. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt used is nonylphenyltrimethylammonium di-n-butyldithiophosphate used. 101. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt used is IrisCn-tridecylJmethylammoniumdiphenylphosphate. 102. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt is dimethylbutylhexadecylammonium dibutyl phosphate used. 103. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that is used as the ammonium salt triethylmethylammonium methyl methylphosphonate used" 509833/1001 104. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt 1,3, S-Sriraethyl-pyridiniumdiphenylphosphat used. 104. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt is N-methyl-N-butylpiperidinium dibutyl phosphate used. 106. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt CH ₃ used. 107 · Method according to Claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt is trimethylbenzylammoniuramethyloctylphosphonate used. 103. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt is benzyltrimethylammonium methyl-tert-butyl-phosphonate used. 109. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt is tetramethylammonium methyl carbomethoxymethylphosphonate used. 110. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt is trimethyl-tert-octylphenylphenylmethyl-methylphosphonate used. 111. The method according to claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt ßenzyltrimethylammonium bis (nonylphenyl) phosphate used. 609833/1001 112. The method according to claim 901, characterized in that the ammonium salt is CgH ^ -C ^ H ^ O-C "POp" is used. 113 · Method according to Claim 90, characterized in that the ammonium salt used is CgH ₁₇ -C-JqH ₂ * Ο-Ο-γ ^ NCH-, (GH ^ O) "■. For: Stauffer Chemical Company Weatport, Connecticut ₃ V.St.A. Dr H. Ohr.Beil Attorney at Law 509833/1001 Blank page