DE2361023A1 - HEART PUMP - Google Patents

Description

P 792

PATENT LAWYERS

Dr.-Ing. HANs RUSCKKE Dipl.-Ing. CUF HjSCKKE Dipl.-Ing. HAN3 E.iXÜ3CHKE

¹ EERLlN 33 ÄUguste-Viktoria-Straöa gg

Pacific Holler Die Company, Inc., Hayward / Caiifornia (V.St.v.A.)

Her ζ pump e

The invention relates to pro st ethical devices and im special a Starling heart pump that is available in other designs can be used either as a natural heart substitute or as a support facility for the natural care

So far, different types of artificial blood pumps have been used developed, which were intended either to support the heart's activity or as a heart substitute. There were bodies to support the heart and to supplement the pumping action the left or right ventricle of the heart developed, the left ventricle more at risk of failure, as it pumps blood into the aorta, against the resistance of the whole Circulatory branch acts and the pumping work of the right one several times Ventricle takes over, which empties into the less resistant pulmonary system.

One of the well-known cardiac support facilities works in parallel with the left ventricle through a connection between the left atrium and the descending aorta, and has a rigid tubular housing in which a

4098257 08-25 '

both valved flexible tube or a bladder is arranged. Pulses of air introduced between the rigid and flexible bores cause an alternating contraction and expansion of the flexible ear for pumping blood in the inner bore. In another embodiment, these "parallel working "device, a diaphragm pumping chamber is used, which is powered by pulses of air to pump the blood is actuated from the left ventricle into the aorta. In another embodiment, one operated by air pulses and in parallel working device provides the connection between the vertex of the left ventricle and the descending aorta «

A known type of one that is placed in the bloodstream Device is divided into descending and ascending parts the aorta is turned on, disrupting the descending aorta between the junctions. Also this facility will operated by pulses of air and pumps blood in one itself intermittently expanding and contracting flexible drilling. All of these facilities can only do part of the work of the defective Take over side of the heart and become ineffective in the absence of adequate blood volume and pressure in the left Chamber of the heart, and therefore cannot serve as a temporary or permanent replacement for the left or right side of the heart. With any of these devices, there is a risk of blood damage, clotting, or membrane failure.

Artificial hearts have been proposed with two or four chambers, corresponding to the ventricles and atria of the heart. These devices had diaphragm pumps operated by air or are actuated by carbon dioxide pulses. At one execution of an artificial heart, oil is used as the pump fluid to compress a bag, thereby forcing blood into the aorta. The ones with the disturbance of the blood flow, the blood clotting and the problems associated with blood damage are made even more difficult by the fact that artificial hearts have a larger number of Have valves, chambers, large interfaces and channels, which come into contact with the blood in larger areas and can damage the blood «

409825/0821

The "two" major parts of the heart pump according to the invention are a variable displacement piston blood pump unit that is operated with air in the preferred embodiment, and a sailing device for the "pump unit. The pump unit is planted while the control device is external and together with an air supply device, connections and is used with manure control agents that can be operated by hand. The complete heart pump requires the two main components as well only one source of compressed air and suitable air ducts. All the equipment can therefore be used by the user can be carried effortlessly and is transportable.

The pumping unit has a rigid housing with one or two

Main blood chambers, which correspond to the ventricles of the heart, depending on whether the unit is to replace one or both sides of the natural heart, each main blood chamber having a blood inlet and a blood outlet valve _o In each blood chamber a blood piston with variable displacement can be moved back and forth stored and causes alternating expulsion of the blood through the outlet valve (systole) and suction of the blood through the inlet valve (diastole). In the pump unit with two blood chambers, the induction of systole and diastole takes place in both chambers at the same time as in the natural heart. An essential feature of the pump unit is the sensitivity of the blood piston to venous blood pressure and blood volume. In contrast to artificial heart pumps of known designs, only little or no venous pressure is required to fill the blood chamber. The displacement of the blood piston is also effected by displacement of a compressed air operated double-acting cylinder which drives the blood piston during systole O

The Eegulierungseinrichtung consists of a signal-controlled piston valve assembly with only two movable components, namely with a "main piston" or "main direction ^{piston" and with a "signal direction piston 11} or" reversing piston ". The two pistons and the associated passages and channels control two different air flow circuits, of which the working air flow circuit

409825 / 082g - ■ "'

is controlled by the main piston and a kin and forwards Air cylinder in the pumping unit operates as well as the associated blood piston. In a preferred embodiment of the control device the working pressures during the systolic and diastolic phases are regulated separately, with the degree of work of the blood piston during systolic and diastolic puncture being affected. In this way, the full pumping period very close to the pressure-time signature of the human heart. The working pressure for each individual blood chamber a two-chamber pump unit can also be regulated separately The other flow circuit is an air pulse signal circuit

The pumping unit is set up so that at the times of complete extension or retraction of the air cylinder (s) in single or double chamber pump units an air pulse or signal circuit in the pump unit is opened while an air pulse is returned from the pump unit via the correspondingly set signal direction piston of the control device, which air pulse is directed to a part of the main piston and adjusts it so that the working air is directed to the air cylinder or cylinders in the pumping unit and their displacement reverses. The speed of the reciprocating motion of the control piston is equal to the speed of the blood piston Heartbeat. The control device therefore represents a passive or dependent device in relation to the pumping unit in so far as than the air pulse or the air signal depends only on the setting of the elements of the pump unit itself, which in turn affect the Responding to blood pressure and the volume values that regulate the filling and discharge volume «Between the pump unit and the control device a multi-channel line is arranged that provides the required line for the working air, the pulse signal air and Ventilation lines and conductors for the monitoring facilities the heart function contains.

With the invention, an extremely reliable, implantable Starling heart pump was created, which can be used as a support means for one side of the heart or as a whole artificial heart can be used, and compared to known such devices the pumped blood less

A098r2570825

Inflicts harm. The heart pump according to the invention continues its work continued, even if there is a loss of filling volume as a result of heart failure occurs, but stops working if there is excessive arterial obstruction. The heart pump and the Pumping device can easily be carried by a user and can be transported and does not require any additional equipment

The invention will now be described in detail. In the accompanying drawings is the

1 shows a diagrammatic, partly schematic representation an embodiment of the heart pump according to the invention with a double chamber pump unit and its connections with an air source and the associated parts of the blood circulation system ems,

Fig. 2 is a side view of the pump unit according to Fig. 1, wherein certain parts are cut away,

an enlarged vertical section through the pumping unit after the. Figo1 and after the line 3-3 in Fig.1,

4 shows an enlarged vertical section through the pump unit according to FIG. 1 along a plane rotated by 90 ° with respect to the plane of FIG.

5 shows an enlarged horizontal section of the Pump unit according to FIG. 1, the blood pistons being their take a fully withdrawn position,

6 shows a fragmentary representation of the individual components the blood piston sealing ring in the pump unit the Figoi and the associated components,

Figο7 is a section of a cross-sectional drawing showing the Shows air cylinder and the associated components of the pump unit according to Fig * 1,

Fig. 8 a partial representation of a signal beam arrangement around air * signal flow circuit of the heart pump according to Figo1,

Figο9 shows a representation partly drawn as a cross section the pump unit according to Figure 1 and a control device

■■ A09-8Z5./08-2S

device, with the relevant components in their position at the end of the full or diastolic phase of the pumping period are shown,

Pig. 10 a representation similar to Pig. 9, which determines the position Shows components at the end of the blood ejection or the systolic phase of the pumping period,

FIG _e 11a, 11b depending on a partial cross section through the pump unit according to the Figure 1 during the diastolic phase in the same plane as in which Figo 10, wherein two overload conditions are shown

Pig. 12 shows a schematic position of the pump unit according to FIG. 1, partially drawn as a section, with another Execution of the double pressure control arrangement,

13 shows the individual components of the control arrangement and the associated parts of the heart pump according to the

14 shows a diagrammatic representation of the air circuit in the control arrangement according to Figure 1,

15 shows an enlarged plan view of the control arrangement according to Fig. 1, with certain parts being omitted,

16 shows a side view of the control arrangement according to FIG. with certain parts left out,

17 shows a schematic, partially drawn as a cross-section Representation of an embodiment of a single-chamber pump unit and the associated control arrangement, with certain Components are shown in their position at the end of the diastolic phase,

Figο18 - a representation similar to Fig.17 showing certain components shows in their position at the end of the systolic phase,

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary illustration of a preferred embodiment an inlet valve for the pump unit the Figo1,

U 0 9 8 2 5 / U 8 2 5

Fig. 20 is a fragmentary illustration of a preferred embodiment an outlet valve for the pumping unit of Fig. 1,

Fig. 21 is a graph showing the relationship between the venous pressure and the volume of blood in the pump unit according to the invention when operated with 60 and 120 Heartbeats per minute,

Fig. 22 is a fragmentary view of another embodiment a blood piston sealing ring and the *

Figο23 is a schematic representation of another embodiment a control arrangement using three different operating pressures and the associated components a double chamber pumping unit according to the invention.

The Fig «> 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention, the only one necessary for the continued pumping of the blood Equipment consisting of a pump unit designated as a whole by 11 and consists of a control arrangement 12, which is connected to the pump unit through a multi-channel air line 13 and through a Feed air line 14 is connected to a compressed air source 16, a pressure regulator 15 being arranged in the feed air line 14

The pump unit 11 (FdLg o 1 and 3) has a rigid housing of two identical, generally hemispherical housing members 17 and 18, which on the annular edges 19 and 22 with Pike canine teeth are provided, which interlock «Each housing member is tubular with two parallel and open at the end Approaches 23t 24 and 25? 26 provided for each housing member form two passages. The housing is preferably made from an inert plastic, e.g. from a polycarbonate plastic, which is suitable for planting and is resistant to sterilization in an autoclave.

In Fig.1 parts are shown schematically of the human circulatory system associated with the heart valves directly, such as the vena cava 27, the pulmonary artery 28, the lungs 29 * the pulmonary veins 32 and the aorta 33 · ^D i ^e the tubular lugs 24 and 26 are for a surgical connection with the

40 98 26/08 2S ■ ... ■

Pulmonary artery 28 and the ascending part of the aorta 33, while lugs 23 and 25 for surgical connection with the natural right atrium for the vena cava 27 and with the natural left atrium for the pulmonary veins 32 are provided for admitting or discharging blood through the valves yet to be described.

A circular plate member 30 (Fig-3 and 4), which also can consist of an inert plastic, is inserted into the pump housing in such a way that its edge with the inside of the Edge parts 19 and 22 is in contact. The member 30 has a flange 34 on the periphery and is on the housing edge parts 19 (Fig.4 and 5) and 22 (Fig.3 and 5) with a number of Screws 35 attached. The part of the link 30 located in the middle is designed in the shape of a cylinder and protrudes from the link 30 axially in both directions (Fig <> 3 and 7) and forms one stationary cylinder rod 36 of a double-acting cylinder arrangement. In the housing members 17 and 18, circular pistons 42, 43 are attached to the ends of the rod 36 by means of screws 39, and a central bore 38 extends completely through the Pistons 42, 43 and through rod 36 »around the circumference of each piston 42, 43 is a sealing ring 60. ".-

A rod 52 (FIGS. 3–7), which is somewhat shorter than the rod 36, is slidably seated in the bore 38. The rod 52 is provided with a central bore 53 which extends from the end located in the housing member 17 to just before the opposite end. In the bore 53 a second rod 54- seated, and at the outer end of the rod 52, the flat side 50 is fixed an air cylinder ^ by means of a screw 57, the cylindrical wall 51 rests against the sealing ring 60 on the piston 42nd The upper end of the cylinder 55 is screwed onto a ring 46 which is slidably mounted on the rod 36 and is sealed against it by means of a sealing ring 48. If the cylinder surface 50 is in contact with the piston 42, the sing 46 rests against a shoulder 56 of the plate member 30. The cylinder 55 is slidable with the ring 46 with respect to the rod 36 and the piston 42 and carries the rod 52 with it. The rod 54 seated in the bore 53 of the rod 52 carries a means

409825/0825

A screw 63 attached air cylinder 59 with a cylindrical wall 61, _v which is screwed together with a ring 47 · The rod 54 is slidable together with the cylinder 59 in the rod 5'd with respect to the rod 36 and the piston 43 in the piston 43 and in the ring 4? the sealing rings 60 and 48 are arranged.

The inside of the housing member 17 directly on the edge portion 19 (FIG _e 6) is designed with a thread 64 and with a flat portion 65, which continues in a rectangular groove 66 "This section of the housing member 17 forms a seat for the elements of an assembly for Supports a hollow piston 67 (Figs. 2, 3 and 6) which is located above an air cylinder 55 and which, as will be described, is reciprocated and pumps the blood located in the chamber between the piston and the housing wall. The front end of the piston 67 runs partially obliquely forward to a flat side 80 (FIG. 3). The interior forms a cylindrical chamber 81 (FIG. 6), and within the side 80 an annular shoulder 82 is provided. If the cylinder 55 (FIG. 3) is in the piston 67 'and the side 50 rests against the shoulder 82 of the piston, there is a clearance between the opposing surfaces of the piston and the air cylinder. The purpose of this arrangement will be explained later. ,

The annular open end of the piston 67 is provided with an annular groove 68 (Figoö) with an L-shaped cross-section, and the piston 67 is held on the housing member 17 by an elastic sealing ring, which can be made of silicone rubber, and which in the unloaded state corresponds to the in 6 has a cross section shown with a T_shaped part 72> with a 0_shaped part 73 and with two opposing L_shaped parts 74o. The ring 69 is attached to the housing member 17 (FIGS. 3 and 7) by means of the T_shaped part 72 which is inserted into the slot 66 is used and is held in this by a ring 75 which is seated in the housing part 65 and is configured at the end of a paragraph that _a zusammenp with the part 72 sst. An eyebolt 76 is screwed into the housing part 65, between which and the flange part 34 of the plate member 30 an elastic sealing ring 77 is arranged »

A03825 / Ü82S

One of the L-shaped parts 74 sits on the piston itself (67) of the sealing ring 69 in the L-shaped hat 68, while the other Part 7 * of an L-shaped hat 79 provided Retaining ring 78 is compressed. The retaining ring 78 is attached to piston 67 by a series of screws 90. As can be seen from Figures 3 and 6, leads to the "described Arrangement of the part 73 of the sealing ring 69 a rolling movement with respect to the cylindrical side 83 of the Piston 67 and the opposing surfaces of housing member 17 »of ring 75 and nut 76 when the piston is reciprocated, which rolling motion prevents blood from being trapped between these surfaces. In the housing member 18 a piston 85 (Iig.3) is equal to the piston 67 in the same Way like this, but facing in the opposite direction, stored. The bearing means for the piston 85 consist of a sealing ring 86, a retaining ring 87, a retaining screw 88, a sealing ring 89 and a retaining ring 92

The space between the blood piston 67 and the housing member 17 forms a blood chamber 100 (FIG. 3), with the piston 85 being assigned an identical blood chamber 101. The chamber surfaces are treated with Dacron fibers, support and maintain fetal cells or natural tissue growth. With the return of the pistons 67 and 85 blood is sucked into the chambers 100, 101 and then ejected when the pistons are extended _e The piston 6? The passage tube 25 assigned to it and the passage tube 23 assigned to the piston 85 is provided for a surgical connection with the right voxiio £ belonging to the vena cava 27 (FIG. 1) and with the left atrium belonging to the pulmonary arteries 32, and

en
A preferred embodiment of an inlet valve 120 (Fig. 19) used to replace the tricuspid and mitral valves of the natural heart consists of a flexible and normally open three-lobed valve made of silicone rubber can be.

The cylinders 55 and 59 move together with the ring 46 and the ring 47 with respect to the rod 36 opposite Directions back and forth as double-acting cylinders, with their

■ Movement 'is coordinated so that both cylinders start a forward or a backward stroke at the same time. Suitable channels and passages for this synchronization consist of a through bore 93 (QPigc7) which extends through the rod 36 and the pistons 42 and 43 and runs parallel to the bore 38. Another passage 94 runs parallel on the opposite side of the bore 38> but is closed at both ends and communicates with a passage 99, which leads to a region between the piston 42 and the ring 46, and with a passage 102, the leads to a region between the piston 43 and the ring 47 · In Figures 3, 5 and 7, the cylinders 55 and 59 and the rods 52 and 54 are shown in the fully retracted position. The inner rod 54 has a reduced portion 95 (Fig.?) That spans the center of the bore 38 when the rod 54 is retracted. The outer rod 52 is designed with three reduced parts 96, 97 and 98. When the rods 52 and 54 are retracted, the part 96 is in the center of the bore 38, while the part 97 ″ is located away from the cylinder 59, but over a part 95 of the inner rod 54. Part 98 is located midway between part 97 and the free end of the rod. A channel 103 runs between the channel 94 and the bore 38 in the rod 36 and is in communication with the rod part 97 when the rod 52 is retracted ", a channel 104 runs between the bores 38 and 93"

As can be seen from Figures 1 and 13, there is line 13 to the. Letting compressed air into the pumping unit 11 consists of a flexible band with a number of air channels. The line 13 is preferably made of extruded silicone rubber and takes at the transition point with the pump unit 11 several rigid tubes 105, 106 and 108 as well as the "T ^w tubes 107 and 113 (FIGS. 4 and 13) - which tubes with the interior The conduit 13 extends through the housing, through the flange portion 34 of the plate member and through an opening 109. The rigid tubes are clamped in the end of the conduit 13 in the opening 109 by means of two clamping plates 4 and 3) The tubes 105, 106 and 108 have

409828 / 082.5

a corresponding connection with the channel 93 »of the bore 38 and with the channel ° Λ, while the" T "tubes 107 and 113 end in the brackets 115 and are in communication with the opening 109. The opposite end of the line 13 is connected to a control device for the pump unit 11 like the control device 12 (Fig.1, 13 »15» 16), the main component of which is a piston valve arrangement, e.g. 117 of Figures 1, 9 »10 and 14 or 201 of FIG _e 12 or 230 of FIG, 23 is _e

The control device

A preferred embodiment of the control device 12 with the Piston valve assembly 117 (FIGS. 1, 9 »10 and 14) has a housing 160 (Fig. 1 and 16) for an air pressure meter 174 on (Fig. 16) * The valve arrangement 117 (Figo13 »15) contains a valve body 119 with a main valve member 122, the one at one end circular piston 123 and the same at the opposite end Piston 124 and a reversing valve member is provided with a single piston 126 at one end. A plate 127 provided with passages is attached to the top of the valve body 119, while the plate 127 is attached to the piston of the main valve member 122 a cap 128 and on the opposite side a cap 129 is arranged on the adjacent side.

The end of the line 13 facing the control device receives the stiff tubes 105a, 106a, 107am, 108a and 113a (FIG. 13) in the same channels as the tubes 105, 106, 107, 108 and 113. Each of these tubes has a passage on the plate 127 (Fig. 13 »15) in connection, and the tape line and these pipes are attached to the plate 127 ® with the aid of two L-shaped brackets 198. The air conduit and the pipes 105, 105a (Fig 13 _e) is formed associated passage to the plate 127 of the channel of the conduit 13 is indicated by the 131st The air line belonging to the pipes 106 and 106a is denoted by 132 and the air line belonging to the bores 107-107a is denoted by 133. An air line 134 belongs to the tubes 108, 108a and an air line 135 belongs to the tubes 113 »113a.

The complete air flow circuit is shown in Fig. 9

409825/0825

schematize]! shown, from which it can be seen that the air duct 13 * 1 with the one to the front. Part of pistons 42 and 43 in the passage 93 leading to the pump unit 11 communicates, while the air line 134 with the rear part of the piston 42 and 43 via the channel 94 is in communication. Hallway cables represent the drive air lines. The lines 133 and 135 are with the district between the rings 46 and 47 (Fig.3 »9) in connection and are vented into the ambient air. the Air line 132 (Fig # 9) stands with the passages in the rods 52 and 5 ^ · in conjunction and is suitably called air pulse or Air signal line, as will be explained later The pistons 123 and 134 of the main valve member 122 are attached to the opposite ends of a rod which is in a Bore 137 is mounted in the valve body 119 and has three reduced shaft parts 138a »138b and 138c, a web 139a close on the piston 123, intermediate webs 139a, 139c and a web 139d. close to the piston 124, the rod of the reversing member 125 is in of bore 142 and has three reduced parts 143a, 143b 143c, land 144a close to piston 126, and lands 144b, 144c and 144d. - ■,;

Fig. 9 shows the positions of the components when the blood pistons 67 and 85 are fully withdrawn, such as at the end of the blood chamber filling or the diastolic phase of blood pumping. The air admitted through the air feed line 14 flows past the shaft part 138b of the link 122 into an air duct 145 which is connected to the air feed line 134 and to a duct 146 which leads to the front part of the piston 126 of the reversing or signal direction element 125. The air line 134 is connected to the rear part of the stationary pistons 42, 43 via the channel 94, so that the cylinders 55 and 59 are withdrawn when air is fed into the line 134. If the cylinders ^ and fully retracted 59, as are the passages to the outer rod 52 and to the inner rod 54 facing each other, so dass'.Luft from the channel 94 and through the passage 103 and through a passage 110 'of the rod 52 on the reduced part 95 of the rod 54 and through a passage 113 on the rod 52 to the impulse air

40982 5/08 25

line 132 flows »Since the air is let into the line 132 intermittently will and only if corresponding parts of the rods-52 and 54 face each other in the fully extended or fully retracted position, this line only transmits short air pulses from the pump unit 11 to the valve arrangement 117 to trigger the displacement of the main valve member 122 and of the reversing link 125

If the main valve member 122 is in the position shown), the areas in front of the pistons 42 and 43 are in the ambient air vented via a line that the bore 931 the air line

131, that part of the bore 137 * that of the valve stem part 138a is assigned, and an outflow line 147 comprises · This Outflow line 147 is also connected to the outflow lines 148 and

149 in connection. An air line branches off from the line 131

150 to the rear of the piston 126 of the reversing member 125 leads.

To extend the air cylinder. 55 and 59 by letting in effect of feed air from line 14 through line I3I to be able to, the main valve member 122 must be moved. This The process is initiated by a pulse of air transmitted via pulse line 132 into which a pulse jet tube is arranged, as shown schematically in FIGS. 9 and 10 and in detail in FIG. The jet pipe 152 ends in a narrowed nozzle opening on part of the air duct

132, at which there is a "T ""connection with a pipe 151 connected to the ambient air" As will be described in detail, the jet pipe 152 determines the duration of the air pulses. After leaving the pulse jet pipe, the pulse air flows past the shaft part 143b of the reversing member 125 and through the channel 153 to the front of the piston 124 of the main valve member 122 and initiates its displacement. At the same time, a channel 154, which is in communication with the front side of the piston 123 of the main valve member 122, is vented into the ambient air through the passage 155.

The various outflow openings shown in Pig »9 147, 149, 155, 156 »158 and 159 run through the ground

409825 / Ό 825

area of the valve body Ί19 (Figo14), on which a rectangular Housing 160 is attached to the side walls 161 (Fig «16). A spacer 162 rests on the bottom surface of the body 119 within the limits of the side walls 161, and the bottom wall 163 consists of a plate of gas-permeable and sintered bronze for draining, (noise dampening and filtering the from the openings air flowing out of the valve body 119. The spacer 162 is attached to the valve body 119 with the aid of a plurality of screws 165 attached, which are passed through the spacer and screwed into the plate 127.

Two air inlet pipes 166 pass through the bottom wall 163 passed through and fastened by means of nuts (16?) »while the upper ends are screwed into a distributor block 168, the is attached to a side wall 161 by means of screws 169 «. The inlet pipes 166 have a bore 172 in the manifold block 168 which receives the fitting 173 of a pressure gauge 174 and also to an upper main air supply tube which in turn communicates with a channel 176 in the spacer 162 as well as with a continuation of the air line 14 "in the form of a channel in the valve body 119" A sealing ring 177 surrounds the channel 176 at the top of the spacer 162 and prevents air from escaping the air supply line at the interface between the member 162 and the valve body 119

Fig. 15 shows two manually operable reversing arrangements in the end plates 128 and 129, which the piston 123 »124 des Main valve member 122 are assigned accordingly. Each arrangement has an Einste11schaft 182 with an enlarged one Outer end, which follows from the associated end wall 128, 129 protruding outside, and with a widened inside end 184 that normally seated in a shoulder on the end wall and generally the seat of a coil spring 185 surrounding the shaft 182 is pressed which coil spring between the outside of the End wall and the opposite side of the widened Outside end 183 is located "The length of the adjustment shaft is dimensioned so large that when fully pressed against the force of the spring 185, the inner end 184 the piston of the

4098 25/082 5

Main valve member 122 in the most inward position pushes »to prevent the shafts 182 from being accidentally pushed in prevent each shaft from a cup-shaped plastic hood 186 that sits in an annular groove on the end wall

Since the reciprocating speed of the blood pistons 67-85 corresponds to the reciprocating speed of the limbs 122 and 125, an accurate pulse rate sensor can be provided if it is set up to measure the reciprocating speed, for example of the reversing member 125 is determined. For this purpose a suitable probe 188 (Fig. 15) is passed through the end plate 129 which is equipped with an outer fitting 189 in which a contact 192 is slidably mounted, which is provided at the outer end with a head 193 and which is normally from a helical spring 19 ^ is pressed inward, so that the inner end of the contact extends into the path of movement of part 144-d of valve member 125. If the contact 192 is moved when the part 144d is displaced, the head 193 strikes the contact element of a microswitch 194, thereby closing an electrical circuit in which a power source 195 and an electrical measuring instrument of a monitoring device 196 are contained the speed at which the circuit is intermittently closed can be determined, ie “the pulse speed _β

Two or three presses
attractive valve arrangements

In the case of the valve arrangement 117, the pump unit 11 is in both the systolic as well as the diastolic phase of the pumping period the same pressure supplied. As it turned out, in in this case that for the diastolic phase, doh »for the filling the blood chamber, the time required is shorter than that of the systolic Phase. For example, with a pulse of 100 beats per minute, the systolic phase accounts for approximately 60% of the time it takes for a full period is needed while for diastolic Phase only the remaining 40% are available »during the human hearts are in reverse,

40 98 25 / U825

so that the diastolic phase usually lasts longer than the systolic phase. In the case of the modified one shown in FIG The embodiment of the valve arrangement 201 is that of the pump unit 11 pressure applied during the digStolic phase kept low in terms of pressure during the systolic phase with the consequence that the diastolic or filling time is longer remains as in the systolic phase, so that-for example at 100 pulse beats per minute the ratio between the diastolic and systolic phase is 70% diastolic and 30% systolic, which ratio is very largely that of the corresponds to the human heart.

The modified valve arrangement 201 is shown schematically in FIG shown, which is similar to the valve arrangement 117 in that as the arrangement, a main valve member 202 and a reversing member 203, which correspond to components 122 and 125. That Valve member 202 points to the pistons 204, 205, the webs 206a, 206b and 206c as well as the reduced ones located between them Shank parts 207a, 207b. The reversing member 203 points to the piston 208, the webs 209a, 209b, 209c and 209d and the reduced shaft parts 212a * 212b and 212c 'located between them. When using the modified valve arrangement 201 need on the pump unit 11 no changes are made, and the multi-channel air line connecting the pump unit 11 to the valve arrangement 201 13 includes "those with the front of the pistons 42, 43 communicating air line 131, the pulse air line 132> those associated with the rear of the pistons 42, 43 Air line 134 and starting lines 133 and 135 "

A pressure regulator 213t is inserted into the air feed line 14 Air volume regulator 214 switched on, and the regulated feed air flows to the shaft part 20? A dea valve member 202 and to Air feed line 131 «From the line 14 branches off at a point behind the volume regulator 214, an air line 215 in which a second pressure regulator 216 is arranged. The stem of the valve member 202 is located in a bore 210 which is connected to the conduit 215 is in communication, while the stem of the valve member 203 is arranged in a bore. 211. From air line 131

Λ0982 57ϋβΖδ "

branches off an air channel 217, which is in communication with the rear side of the piston 2CB of the reversing valve member 203, while a duct 218 branches off from the air line 134, which is connected to the voxderen Part of the piston 208 is in communication. The channels and 222 extend from the bore 211 to the front of the Piston 204- of the valve member 202 and to the front of it Piston 205 "The valve member 202 has the outflow openings 223, 224, 225 and 226 are assigned, while the outflow openings 227 and 228 are assigned to the valve member 203. With the modified Valve assembly is a pulse jet pipe 229 similar to the bore 152 of the valve assembly 117, but different is arranged with respect to the associated discharge opening.

Figβ23 shows a further modified embodiment of a Valve arrangement 230, which is particularly set up for a double-chamber pump unit, and in which three different working pressures are used. As with applying two pressures Arrangement 201 is supplied to the pump unit during diastole Pressure kept low relative to the pressure applied during systole. It continues to be during systole the pressure supplied to the air cylinder associated with the blood chamber acting as the right ventricle of the heart is lower held than the pressure supplied to the other air cylinder «

Because during systole the right side of the heart or the Pulmonary circulation by pumping must counteract a lower pressure than on the left side of the heart or the arterial Circulatory system, the air cylinder assigned to the right side of the heart only needs a weaker drive pressure to be supplied will. This fact has the advantage that during systole the right and left blood piston move can perform almost in the same way. The reduced working pressure on the right side of the heart does not affect the synchronized one Initiation of the reciprocating movements of the blood pistons, which only after the extension and retraction of the rods 52 and 54- takes place.

Since a higher pressure is required on the left side of the heart is when both air cylinders 55 »59 have the same working pressure

is applied, the pressure will be the same as that on the right associated cylinder 59 is normally more than double of the pressure in the pulmonary arteries, which counteracted the blood baskets on the right side during systole. It was found that a blood pressure with a Square waveform is generated while the waveform of the corresponding pressure at the natural heart is rounded When the right side working pressure supplied to the air cylinder 59 is decreased so as to be less than about double of the pressure in the pulmonary arteries, a pressure image is generated which is similar to that of the natural heart three press operated valve assembly 230 enables the Desired right-hand working pressure can be made higher than required because of the higher counteracting pressure in the aorta »

As can be seen from U ¹ Ig »23, the valve arrangement 230 corresponds to the valve arrangement 201 according to FIG standing air lines are arranged differently. The valve member 286 points to the pistons 287, 288, the webs 289a, 289b, 289c and 289d as well as the reduced shaft parts 291a, 291b and 291c located between these. The reversing member 203 is designed as shown in FIG.

A pressure regulator 292 is arranged in the air feed line 14, which is connected to the shaft part 291 of the valve member 286 when the valve member is in the right position, as shown in FIG Air line 293 ^a ^ »which is in connection with the shaft part 291b, and furthermore there is a connection between the line 14 and the web part 289c to a line 295 containing a regulator 296»

When using the valve assembly 230, the pump unit needs 11 to be modified only slightly, namely the through-hole 93 must be divided into two identical separate channels 93 »93" b will. Each channel has a passage leading from one

409825/1) 825

End of a tube 105a, 105b is formed instead of a single one Passage formed by the end of the tube 105. The other components, namely the air cylinder 55 »59 (Figo23)» the fixed rod 36, the piston parts 4-2, 4-3, the rods and 54 ·, the channel 94- with the passage 108 and the passage 106, are the same as previously described. A six-channel air line connecting the pump unit to the valve assembly 230 297 includes an air pulse line 132, an air line 134- communicating with the rear of the pistons 4-2, 4-3, the Vent lines 133 and 135 and air line 298, the the air regulated by the regulator 292 leads to the front part of the piston 43, as well as the air line 299, the one regulated by the regulator 294 Directs air to the front of the piston 4-2 «

From the line 298 branches off an air duct 21? from, the one with the Back of the piston 208 of the reversing member 203 is in communication, and between the line 134 · and the front of the piston A channel 218 is arranged in 208. The channels 219 and 222 run from the bore 211 assigned to the valve member 203 out to the front of the piston 28? of the valve member 286 and to the front of the piston 288 »

The single-chamber pumping unit

The single-chamber pump in-r shown in Figures 17 and 18 The unit has components that generally correspond to the components belonging to the housing member 17 and the blood piston 67 of the pump unit 17 correspond »The unit 21 has one in the middle stationary cylindrical body 232, which in the Μχ-fc-fce with a through hole 233 is provided in which a rod 234 is slidably mounted.

The pumping unit 21 has generally hemispherical housing members 235, in which an inlet valve 236 and an outlet valve 237 is inserted, which valves the valves 120 and 170, which have already been described for the pump unit 11 The housing member 235 is at an annular edge 238 designed with rectangular teeth that are in the same Mismatched shaped edge 239 of a convex cap 24-2, forming a rigid housing.

409825/082 &

A circular plate member 243 with an annular outer flange 244- is on the inside of the edge parts 238, 239 with Fastened with the help of screws 245. Between the cap 24-2 and the opposite side of the flange 244 is a sealing ring 246 arranged. In the through hole 233 in the one in the middle A rod 234, which is similar to the rod 52 in the pumping unit 11, is slidably mounted on the cylinder 242 located there. From the end From the rod 234, a bore 247 extends in the cap 242 to a point approximately in the middle of the rod 234 which rod comprises a group of three reduced parts 248a, 248b and 248c, each part having one with the hole 24? communicating passage is ο

In the bore 247 there is slidably mounted a rod 249 which is approximately half the length of the bore and is fastened at the outer end to a plate 252 which is fastened in a sealed manner to the end of a cylinder 232 arranged in the cap 242. A cylindrical piston 253 is attached in a sealed manner to the opposite end of the cylinder 232, and a bore 254 running parallel to the bore 233 extends in the cylinder 232 and through the piston 253. A channel 255 extends between the bores 254 and 233. one part of which runs parallel, while another part branches off, which opens through the cylinder 232 at the rear of the piston 253 piston 253 has a sealed sliding contact _β into the open end of the piston 257 is a Hing 259 screwed, which has a sealed sliding contact with the surface of the cylinder 232 '. An outer blood piston '262 surrounds the piston 257

According to the construction of the pump unit 11, the inside of the housing member 235 is close to the toothed part 238 provided with a step ^ in which a T-shaped part 266 a stuffing box 263 is seated, sealed at the point of use .im housing member 235 by a rigid seat ring 264 and is held in place by a sealing ring 265 «The other

'-40 9 8 25 / 0.8 2 p

T-shaped part 267 is on the blood piston 262 by means of a screw ring 268 attached. Otherwise, the various lines in the Meiirkanalleitung 13 and the passages and correspond Channels in the valve assembly 117 in the same way marked components of the pump unit 11

Way of working

FIGS. 5 and 9 show the double chamber pump unit 11 and the single pressure valve arrangement 117 in the operating state before the initiation of the systolic or blood expulsion phase, after the unit has been surgically implanted and the blood chambers have been filled. The air cylinders 55 and 59 and the main valve member 122 are set in the bore 137 so that the feed air from the line 14 past the shaft part 138b through the channel 145 (FIG. 9) _s through the air line 134 and into the channel 94 of the pump unit 11 flowed the channel 94 communicates with the district behind the pistons 42 and cylinders 43 via the passages 99 and 102 in compound (? FIG · and 9) · When fully retracted air ^ and 59, the rods 52 and 5 ^ adjusted relatively so that the feed air from the channel 94 also flows through the passage 110 in the rod 52 past the part 95 of the rod 54 and into the tube 106 which is arranged in the air pulse line 132 which leads back to the valve arrangement 117. In the valve arrangement, the air flows through the pulse jet pipe 152 around the shaft portion 144c of the reversing member 125 and through the channel 153 to the front of the piston 124 of the main valve member 122o

The air pulses returning through line 132 must have sufficient pressure and duration to accommodate the displacement of the main valve gate 122 of the valve assembly. In the illustrated embodiment of the invention the initial displacement of the valve member occurs when

the pressure of the pulse in the range of about 105-210 g / cm and lasts at least about 0.05 seconds.

The air pulse jet roller blind 152 and the associated satellite ventilation outlet 15'1 are used to regulate the duration of the air pulse, which the piston 124 is carried out * As can be seen from the .Fig * 9

409825/0825

is, the nozzle end of the jet pipe 152 is arranged at the inboard end of the vent valve passage 151. When the air impulses or signals flow through the jet pipe, part of this air is directed into the duct 153 and another part is discharged through the ventilation roller 151. In order for the valve arrangement to work properly, a systole must be initiated at the beginning the duration of a ZIAM piston of the main valve member 122 guided Iiuftimpulses "with proper adjustment of the rods 52 and 5 ² J- be limited in iroll retracted position so that the 'pulse is exhausted Troll employed when the ümsteuerglied 125 from the ELG, 9 position shown has been shifted "as will be described later, the duration of a pulse must also be limited so that the valve arrangement can work smoothly * The same applies at the beginning of a diastole (retraction) ₅ when the rods 52 and 54 are fully extended. With With the help of the jet pipe 152 and the vent pipe 15Ί, the pulse can be regulated so that the displacement of the main valve member 122 is initiated; However, excess Impialslüft, in the pulse line 132 does not remain and produce a false pulse, before the rods 52 and 5 ² I- not completely Excava Ahren or retracted "", so that no unzeitgeiBäBe Terscii-iebung 122 can be made of the main valve member '. -

? The location of the Düsenen it & the jet pipe 152 with respect to the vent pipe 1 * 1 "determines the degree of ventilation and thus the duration of the pulse, dolle ₅ there occurs a stronger venting when the end of the jet pipe 152 to the vent tube 151 - aligned is as if the end of the jet pipe is a bit beyond the vent pipe "

The pressure of the pulse leaving the piston unit 11 depends on the working pressure _s that is used to move the blood piston 6? and 85 is required. Furthermore, the volume of a pulse from the single-chamber pump unit, which has only half the volume of the unit according to FIG. 9, would be smaller than the volume of the pulse from the double-chamber unit if no means for configuring the pulse are provided · The duration of a

4098215/082 &

Pulse that initiates the displacement of the main valve member 122 is required, is fixed It is therefore desirable the pulse jet tube 152 for single or double chamber pumps see above to be able to adjust the one for the displacement of the main valve member suitable impulse is present regardless of the working pressure and the volume that is required for the movement of the air cylinder 55 and 59 and the blood piston 67 and 85 is required.

The course of the air flow for operating the pump unit and the flow of the pulsed air can be seen in FIG will. When an air pulse is passed on through channel 153 the displacement of the main valve member 122 is initiated, the connection between the feed line 14 and the to Air line 134 leading channel 145 from the web 139o on the main valve member is blocked. As the main valve member 122 continues to earn money, the channel 145 becomes the outflow passages 157j 158 and 159 open, after which the feed line 14 with the Air line 131 is connected, since the web 139b is moved into the position shown in FIG. After this Moving the main valve member 122 to the point at which the feed line 14 is in communication with the line 131, is the direction of the air flow, which is used to operate the pump unit 11 (Figc9, 10 shown with solid lines) is reversed. The overall displacement of the main valve member 122 is supported by the fact that some of the air from the channel 145 through the Channel 157 is passed to the rear of the piston 123. When the flow is reversed, the air from the line 131 passes through the pipe 105 ″ and through the bore 93 in the pump unit 11 to the area in front of pistons 42 and 43, with air cylinders 55 and 59 and blood pistons 67 and 85 extended will. If the air line 14 is connected to the line 131, the air is also directed to the channel I50, the the back of the piston 126 of the reversing member 125 leads, with this being moved o

After the pulse supplied to the piston 124 has been exhausted, a subsequent pulse can only be generated if the rods 52 and 54 · during the extension of the air cylinders

409 8 25/0825

55 and 59 are fully executed «The impulse runs out of the Bore 93 (arrow line) can only go through the impulse line 132 flow when rods 52 and 54 are extended and when the passage 104 on the cylinder rod joins the passage 110 the rod 52 is opposite (Fig.10), so that the inside Air flowing in from the rod 52 to the passage 111 in the rod 52 and then through tube 106 to impulse line 152. Will the reversing member 125 in the position shown in FIG shifted, the pulse line 132 with channel 154 in Connection set to the front of the piston 123 of the main valve member 122 leads j so that the reversal of the main valve member 122 is initiated when a pulse is sent out with the air cylinders 55 »59 and rods 52, 54 fully extended will.

If the main valve member 122 is shifted in the opposite direction (to the right according to Pig. 10), the valve arrangement works in the opposite direction, so that the air line 131 is closed by the web 139b and then through the passage 14-7, the channel 148 and the passage 149 is vented. With further reverse displacement of the main valve member 122, the feed line 14 is opened to the channel 145, which communicates with 134, the passages 94, 99 and 104 and with the area behind the pistons 42 and 43, with the retraction of the cylinders ^ and 59 is brought in. The air is also passed through the duct

146 to the front of the piston 126 of the reversing member 125 and causes a reverse displacement of the reversing member 125 »The withdrawal _{phase, ie e} , the diastolic phase * is ended when the air cylinders 55» 59 and the blood pistons 67j 85 are completely withdrawn then kept repeating

At the initial displacement of the valve member 122 during the systolic phase will, as already described, affect the air from the feed line 14 receiving line 134 against the feed line closed before line 131 passing through the channel

147 is vented _{s is closed} against the ambient air «. Furthermore, the line 134 is vented into the ambient air,

409825/0825 -

before the feed air is admitted into the line 131 and one reverse movement of air cylinders 55 »59 and blood pistons 67 »85 causes. The air supply line can then be vented before there is a reversal of the blood piston movement so that a smooth transition between extension and retraction occurs the air cylinder and the blood piston takes place so that the blood in a blood chamber is propelled more evenly,

As an essential feature, the pump unit 11 also has a device with; of the relative position and the relative Movement of blood pistons 67, 58 and air cylinders 55 $ 59 can be influenced in such a way that the artificial heart is more similar in work to a natural heart than before. As from the Mg «3 is the only contact point between an air cylinder 55 »59 and the associated blood cylinder 67» 85 »the one relationship of the movement of the cylinder and that of the piston the contact of the front side of the air cylinder with the opposing peripheral shoulder 82 of the blood piston during the extension phase. However, if the air cylinders 55, 59 and the blood pistons 67 »85 are completely withdrawn, there is between the components mentioned normally have a margin, furthermore there is a clearance on the order of 0.125 mm between the opposing cylindrical surfaces of the air cylinder and the blood piston, which stands in connection with the space between the cylinder and piston surfaces and with the region that is delimited by a Hing 46, 47 and the plate member 30, which on the other hand is vented into the surrounding air. The Yolumen the margins are so large that during the initial Extending the air cylinder the force to extend the Blood piston is transferred via an air cushion because of the limited clearance around the air cylinder an immediate deflation of the Air from the area in front of the cylinder does not allow. However, there is enough leeway to allow the patient to drain completely to allow up to the point in time, in which dex * air cylinder » is fully extended so that there is contact between the Fronts of the cylinder and the blood korfoens for sure is produced «, the air cushion causes a shock-free extension of the bulb with the most useful result that that with

409825 / 082S

BIuI in contact with the piston; exposed to less turbulence and damage; will be done as this otherwise would

During the withdrawal or diastolic phase, the The filling of the chamber is a function of the venous pressure and the Volume, like a natural heart. The volume of "blood flowing into the blood chamber by the walls the housing members 17 »18 and the associated blood piston 67» 58 ' depends on the degree of separation of the blood piston from air cylinder 55 »59 after full retraction The air cylinder and this degree of separation depend in turn on the pressure difference in the blood chamber and in the area between the Front sides, the air cylinder and the blood piston. At the start of withdrawal (diastolic phase) orders the same pressure in the blood chamber as the initial filling pressure, so that a blood piston 67 »85 is caused to withdraw from the initial pressure while the air cylinder 55 s 59 are caused to retract from the feed air with a working pressure of about 35 ° - 560 g / cm The greater the duration of the initial filling pressure and the volume, the lower the pressure difference and the distance between the blood piston from the air cylinder is smaller, so that there is a larger blood filling volume at this point. A lower initial pressure and a smaller volume therefore leads to a greater separation of the blood piston from the Luftaylinder and thus to a smaller one Filling volume.

By increasing the clearance between a blood piston 67j 58 and the associated air cylinder 55 »59, the displacement Exercise of the blood piston is more independent in the displacement of the driven one Air cylinder during retraction and, more sensitive to the available blood volume, as desired.

FIG. 22 shows another embodiment of the blood piston sealing ring 277 "äei" is designed with the T-shaped parts 278, 279, which _{correspond to the parts 72 s} 74 · of the sealing ring 69 according to FIG. 6 and for inserting the ring into the pump unit The parts 278, 279 are held in a sealed manner at the point of use by Eingen 281, 282. The modified execution

'tion

. 409825/0826

acts rolling like the Sing 69 and points for the blood in the blood chamber a concave side, which is a consequence of the cross-section of the ring 277 and, in the view of the applicant, a favorable one Area for supporting the blood tissue growth when the heart pump is operating represents.

The graph in FIG. 21 shows the relationship between the venous pressure and the blood chamber volume for the pump unit 11, the largest blood chamber volume after the complete withdrawal of the blood piston being approximately 100 cm. is _o

The ability of the pumping unit to be effective even in the absence of a substantial filling pressure distinguishes the invention from conventional cardiac assist or replacement facilities and represents an essential advantage. The one shown in FIG Double-chamber pump unit 11 only stops working if, for example, there is a negative pressure in the blood chamber of about 3 im (^ S oei a pulse of 70-75 beats per minute is achieved. The heart pump according to the invention ceases to work on its own if the outflow is excessively impeded or the inflow is blocked, so that an expulsion pressure respectively a filling suction is required which exceeds the capacity of the pump unit. For example, Figure 11a shows the positions of the blood piston 67 and the air cylinder 81 in the event of a partial blockage during the blood filling, which result occurs, when the filling blood pressure is below a critical negative pressure sinks when the blood piston is in the middle of its stroke. Figo11b shows total blockage, with the blood piston 67 has the greatest separation from the air cylinder 81, whichever case occurs when the blood volume and negative blood pressure available at the blood chamber are no longer sufficient to initiate withdrawal of the blood piston 67 are sufficient to pull with blood.

In order to achieve a constant heartbeat, it is essential that both blood pistons remain synchronized. This result is achieved with certainty by the construction of the pump unit 11, since a pulse of air from the pump unit passes through the pulse line 132 is passed to the control device 117, wherein a movement of the blood piston 67 * 85 is only initiated after both rods 52, 54 ·? the air cylinders 55 »59 and the blood pistons

UQ 9B2 5/08 25

67ϊ 85 have finished moving, and after the rods 52, either fully extended or withdrawn, so that their passages face each other and pass on the air pulse. The blood piston that pumps blood to the pulmonary artery extends fully before the aortic piston begins to reverse its motion.

The operation of the shown in Figures 17 and 18 Single-chamber pump unit 21 with the valve arrangement 117 is the same in every respect of the operation of the double chamber pump unit and is therefore not described in detail. In the way of working the only difference is that it is a fixed one inner rod 249 is used instead of a movable rod equal to the rod 54- in the pumping unit 11, which is connected to the outer rod 234 cooperates, so that a pulse of air over the line 132 is only forwarded, when the air cylinder is complete withdrawn or extended.

The single chamber pump unit only needs 21 for operation half the volume of working air as the double chamber unit 11, the nozzle end of the signal jet tube 152 (interrupted Line in Fig. 8) is placed a little behind the ventilation pipe 15I, so that less pulsed air is let out this setting ensures that the control arrangement Conducted pulse has the duration required for proper work, as other requirements are placed on the pulse are considered to be the working air for the pumping unit.

The working dual pressure valve assembly 201 operates similarly to the valve assembly 117 with either a single chamber or "with a double-chamber pumping unit along with the exception _s that is held to the air cylinders 55% 59 (or 257) during the diastolic or Füllohase pressure supplied to low in relation to the pressure during the systolic or expulsion phase o For example, in practice the

pressure applied during the diastolic phase approximately 350 560 / cm ^ 'during' the pressure during systole approximately

1400 to 1750 g / cm, as already described, causes the exercise of different pressures for each phase one

.4098 25/0826

Regulation of the time required for a full stroke

2 is ο During the systole, a working pressure of 14-00-1750 g / cm

and a working pressure of 350-560 g / cm was applied during diastole with a pulse of 100 beats per kinute, the Systole for 30% of the entire heartbeat period, which process largely corresponds to that of the natural heart.

The] _e fig 12 shows components of the working dual pressure control assembly 201 in the setting on the sin systolisehen phase. The pressure regulator 216 maintains the air pressure during diastole at the desired low value with respect to the pressure during systole, whereby the time of the diastolic phase is increased and a time / blood pressure ratio is obtained which largely corresponds to that present in the human heart .

The operation of the valve assembly 230 (Fig.23) »in the three different working pressures are used, corresponds to the operation of the valve arrangement working with two pressures 201 with the exception that during the systolic phase according to FIG. 23, the air regulated by the pressure regulator 294 is on the shaft part 291b of the valve member 286 past through the line 298, the passage 105a, the channel 93a to the front of the piston 42 only for extension of the single cylinder 55 is directed »This extension takes place when the air, which is separately regulated by the pressure regulator 292, is present on the shaft part. 291a through line 299 ». the passage 105b and passed through the channel 93ΐ> to the front of the piston 4-3 will. The cylinder 55 assigned to the blood chamber replacing the left ventricle is supplied with a higher air pressure than the cylinder 59

The accompanying claims are intended to include all amendments and Modifications of the exemplary embodiments described cover that are within the scope of the inventive concept. For example, the entire plant set up for planting and with nuclear energy are operated instead of the compressed gas source shown. Further changes may include the use of electric rotary drives, electromagnetic drives and mechanical steam drives include to move the cylinders back and forth "

Claims 2 6 4098 25/08

Claims (1)

-31- 2 3 R 1 O 2 3 Pal; e η tan sprü c h e 1 «) A implantable heart pump, characterized by at least 'A blood chamber delimiting means through a blood inlet for (each chamber, through a blood outlet for each chamber, through a housing for the components of the pump, each blood chamber is partially delimited from an assigned part of the housing, by a stationary designed blood pumping element, that each chamber is assigned and delimits a part of the chamber, whereby each pumping element can be moved back and forth is over with respect to the unorganized part of the housing a movement path., -what movement of the pumping element in can be changed with respect to the associated part of the housing and is dependent on the To lumen and the pressure of the blood on the associated Blood inlet » 2 «heart pump according to claim 1, characterized in that each Pumpelemeni having a determined configured wall having a first face _s which passes with the blood in the blood chamber into contact, and an opposite second surface which is sealed against the first surface that over the movement path reciprocating cylinders are provided, and have _a fly which faces the said second surface of said ¥ / andung, and that drive means are provided which move the cylinders to and fro, that the pumping element and the cylinder so with are connected to one another that they can be moved "in relation to one another and together · ο JSinpflanzbare heart pump, characterized by a housing through a blood chamber _s partially .of from one part of the housing is defined by a blood inlet for the chamber, through a blood outlet of the chamber, through a blood pump piston which delimits a portion of said chamber and a reciprocating motion with respect to said part ΛG9825 / 0826- of the housing, and by an elastic sealing means between said part of the housing and the piston, the movement of the piston with respect to said Part of the housing is changeable and dependent on the volume and pressure of the blood at the blood inlet for filling the said Chamber. 4 «heart pump 'according to claim 3» characterized in that said piston has a hollow part extending from it the said chamber opens in the direction of the movement path that a cylinder is arranged in the said hollow part which is movable along said movement path, and that drive means are provided for displacing the cylinder which cause a displacement of the piston depending on the position of the cylinder on the path of movement, 5 «heart pump according to claim 4, characterized in that said cylinder consists of a double-acting gas cylinder, and that said drive means consist of a pressurized gas source, from a gas line between the gas source and dividing said gas cylinder, and from a gas regulation arrangement between the gas cylinder and the Gas source for guiding the .Gas to different parts of the gas cylinder for alternately introducing a forward and Backward displacement of the gas cylinder, which cylinder and the control arrangement si are interconnected, depending on the initiation of the displacement of the gas cylinder takes place from the adjustment of the gas cylinder along said movement path. 6a Implantable heart pump, characterized by a stiff Pump housing, by means of a blood piston mounted in the housing such that it can be displaced in different ways, by means for displacement of the blood piston, through a blood inlet valve, through a blood outlet valve, which valves are mounted in said housing and allow the blood to flow when the plunger is withdrawn and extended, by means of a control arrangement for alternating initiation of the extension and Withdrawing said piston, by means for generating a signal in said housing, wherein the control arrangement the displacement of said piston due to the Initiation of the said signal from the housing Implantable heart pump with at least one blood pump piston with variable displacement and with a gas-operated means for alternately initiating a systolic and dlastolic displacement of said piston, and with a gas control means, characterized by a gas control means. through a first gas flow circuit for operating the gas drive means, through a second flow circuit for forwarding the gas pulses from the gas driven means when the said is in settings in which the systolic and diastolic displacement of said piston is initiated, through a displaceable main valve element in the _e brush and second flow circuit which passes the propellant gas to gasbetri _e surrounded means, and a verschiedbbares reversing member in the first and second flow circuit, the leitetum said pulses alternately to opposite ends of the main valve member a reciprocating movement of the Gli _e effect of, wherein the propellant * gas alternately directed from the main valve member to different parts of the gas-powered medium and the systolic and dias.tolic displacement of said piston a ¥ is initiated alternately. 409825/0825 Empty soap