DE2335766A1 - METHOD OF GENERATING A MOVEMENT SEQUENCE - Google Patents

Description

DR. BERG DIPL. ING. STAP ^ DIPL-ING. YOU SWAB. DR. SANDMAIR

PATENTANWÄLTE 8 MÜNCHEN 86, POSTFACH 860245

Dr. Berg Dipl.-Ing. Stapf, 8 Manchen 86, P. O. Box 86 0245 Your mark Our mark 8 MUNICH ^Yourr8f Oufret MauerkircherstraBe45

'18/3

Attorney file 24 119

COMPUTER IMAGE CORPORATION, Denver, Colorado 80223 / USA

Method for generating a sequence of movements

The invention relates to a method for generating a sequence of movements of an object from a single one Still picture of the object, and in particular generates sequences of movements of scenes that differ from any one differentiate another system by creating a new one

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and surprising, computer-controlled movement system in which the ability to move figures is greatly improved.

The system basically has an analog part for generating output signals, the one or represent several sections of a grid on which images recorded by a video chamber can be generated. Analog inputs on the analog part determine the structure, size, shape, location, and orientation and other parameters of the grid portion to effectively view the shape of each part of that produced thereon Image. The parameters of the grid section can be changed by changing the analog inputs in order to give movement to the picture in this way. In this system there will be the fourth and the changes the values of the analog inputs controlled by digital signals from a digital computer, which forms these digital control signals from information supplied to it by a control unit.

The analog computer part generates in particular X and Y coordinate signals, representing each portion of a moving picture for each frame of a moving sequence; each section of the picture has one

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Grid section. Relaxation generators in the analog Part generate the horizontal and vertical tilt signals which combine with other input signals or modulated with these to the structure, shape, size, location and other parameters of each grid section to be specified for each frame in the sequence. The X and Y coordinate signals at the output of the analog Partly can be applied to a cathode ray tube in order to produce an image of the moving sequence, or they can be used to record the episode on videotape or film.

The input signals to the analog part define parameters for each grid section, such as, for example the position of the X and Y coordinates, the size in the X and Y directions, horizontal and vertical vertical axes of rotation, which determine the radius of rotation of each grid section, the section depth, the cosine and sine of the angle of rotation, the intensity and the horizontal, vertical and depth modulation, Other parameter inputs define the position of the X and Y coordinates as well as the depth for the whole picture firmly. All of these parameter input signals work in conjunction with the tilt generators,

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to get the output signals from the analog part for the To finally generate the X and Y coordinates for a movement sequence. By changing these input signals, you can each grid section can be changed in height or width, somewhere with respect to any other Grid sections are moved to a point inside or outside the grid section can be rotated and can be modulated to a curvature or with the changed modulation signals Cause distortion of the grid section, the curvature and distortion by changing the modulation signal parameters, such as frequency, phase and amplitude can be changed.

The parameter signals of the analog part and the modulation signal parameters are for each section of the image and for each frame of the sequence by means of a formed digital computer part, which automatically calculates these parameters from information that he received at its input from a control unit. The parameter data of each grid section for the initial and End images of a sequence of a selected number of individual images are selected on the control device, and this information is fed to the digital computer.

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The digital computer is programmed to run on Command the parameter data for each section and for each frame between the start and end frames according to a selected smoothing function (fairing function) can be calculated automatically and this information is stored in a digital memory, such as a magnetic tape or disk can be stored. Depending on the selected smoothing These digital calculations can function linearly or on any other mathematical basis Function based on the parameter change pattern set during the episode. For example, in this way an arm of a figure can have a constant Speed from a first to a second position or at a changing speed can be moved depending on the selected smoothing function. The digital one, on the magnetic tape or the information recorded on the disk can then be reproduced on the analog part via the digital computer to generate the moving sequence.

Where a figure is set in the moving grid sections is, a video camera is provided for scanning the individual parts of the figure to be moved. Even

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clock pulses are generated to scan the video camera synchronous with the formation of the output signals from the analog part for the X and Y coordinates timed to display each part of the scanned figure on a grid segment as it is determined by the output signals for the X and Y coordinates. This then determines the Video signals from the video camera in detail the area parameters and the shape of each part of the image, as shown on a grid section, while the analog part of the computer structure, shape, size, Determines the position and other parameters of each grid section as determined by the values of the parameter inputs is. Digital signals from the digital computer change controlled the parameter inputs between the Initial and final images, around the grid sections and consequently the parts of the figure formed on them to move to create the sequence of movements. With this system, the editing is, in fact, by means of of the digital computer and no editing required after the scenes are on videotape or a film are recorded. By dividing a sequence to be filmed into segments or scenes with opening and End images can use the information to create each

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Image of the whole episode digitally on a magnetic tape recorded when the episodes are created, then the information on the system becomes final Representation or recording of the sequence of movements can be reproduced on a film or video tape can. In this way, a sequence of any length can be created without affecting the film or the Videotape needs to be edited.

Means are also provided to add background information to the sequence and the background or foreground information by switching the video inputs from the original during to change the sequence. The system also has facilities for producing the entire series in colors, which can optionally be changed. From the preceding description it can be seen that by means of this Systems a skilled person can produce moving foils in far less time than is more common with application Processes and techniques would be possible (there are 2 4 individual ones for every second of a moving representation Drawing required); In addition, this system offers a wide range of control options

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created to create many different types of movement. The person skilled in the art moves the figures or the images with the aid of the computer by actuating the control inputs of the control unit and can pay full attention to it the creation of the characters and images and the results obtained rather than the boring and uninteresting Set up repetition.

The invention thus creates a system for the automatic generation of a sequence of movements and has an analog one Part for generating output signals which represent one or more sections of a raster which images recorded by a video camera can be created. Analog inputs on the analog Part determine the parameters for the grid sections to effectively shape each part of the created on it, the captured image. The analog inputs on the analog part are through signals from a digital one Computer part digitally controlled, which forms these digital control signals from information given to it by a Control device or a recording device are supplied.

The invention is described below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments explained in more detail why on the attached

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Drawings reference is made. Show it:

Figure 1 is a high level block diagram of the system according to the invention for creating a Movement sequence;

Figure 2 is a block diagram of an arrangement for

Creation of a color representation of a sequence of movements produced with the system of FIG on a videotape;

Figure 3 is a block diagram of an arrangement for

Creation of a color record of a sequence of movements made with the system of FIG on a film;

FIGS. 4 and 4a together show a schematic representation of the analog computer part of the system;

Figure 5 is a block diagram of the control arrangement of the system;

Figure 6 is a block diagram of the system's frequency generator;

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Figure 7 is a block diagram of the function generator of the system; and

characters

8 to 12 illustrations to explain how the system works.

Before the individual components of the system are described, the system is illustrated using the block diagrams of Figures 1 to 3 generally described. An input coupling device 20, a so-called Controller generates analog and digital signals representing each parameter of each grid section for a given frame the sequence to be generated. The values of these signals are operated with analog control devices, such as potentiometers, and the digital parameter or channel selection control devices, such as multi-digit switches, which set the parameter or parameters determine which are determined at a given point in time by the analog control signals. The analog signals from the control unit 20 are converted into digital signals and a digital computer 22, for example a Honeywell 316 or equivalent device programmed to respond to an appropriate

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Command to save the digital information related to each parameter of the given frame and to supply this information in the manner described above to a coupling network 24 with a number of coupling devices. Some of these facilities convert the digital parameter data from the digital computer 22 into analog parameter signals and transmit them these signals to parameter inputs of an analog computer part 26.

Digital data from other coupling devices of the coupling network 24 are fed to a frequency generator to determine the frequencies of modulation signals that are used to create certain movement effects. Digital data from others Coupling devices of the coupling network 24 are fed to a function generator 34 to determine the phase which Waveform, the amplitude and the type of synchronization of the modulation signals to determine which of the output of the function generator 34 the modulation parameter inputs of the analog computer part 26 are supplied. From these inputs and the inputs from the coupling devices of the coupling network 24, the analog computer part 26 forms signals at its output, which Define grid sections.

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In this way, such parameters as the structure, the shape, the size and the Position of each grid section formed at the output of the analog computer part 26 by the settings set on the control unit 20.

The digital computer 22 is programmed in such a way that, upon receipt of the parameter information from the control device 20, it defines the start and end images of a movement sequence of a given number of individual images in order to automatically transfer the parameter information Calculate which in between each individual image according to a corresponding selection device for a smoothing function on the control unit determines which in turn, determines the pattern of change of each parameter during the sequence, and to record the digital parameter information which the entire sequence makes up a digital recording device such as a magnetic tape 36 or a magnetic disk 38. With a corresponding command from the control unit, the digital is on the tape 36 or the disk 38 stored information about the digital computer 22, the coupling network 24 and the analog computer part reproduced to signals at the output of the analog

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Generate computer part 26, which represent the entire sequence of movements.

The system also has a number of video cameras 40, 41 and 42, each of which is a template Can scan representation on the grid sections that are generated by means of the analog computer part 26. The originals can be from any source such as a slide projector 43 or lightweight housing 44 and 45 to which the template is attached. The video information from each of the cameras 40 to 42 is fed to a switching device 52, which by signals from the outputs still further coupling devices of the coupling network 24 is controlled to receive the video information from one of the selected cameras 40 to 42 at the input of a gray value encoder 54. The encoder 54 is completely in the U.S. patent application Ser. No. 95 096 entitled "System for automatic Creation of a color representation of a scene from a black and white representation of the scene "described.

In connection with the present application, it is sufficient to know that the encoder 54 receives video signals its output generated which the template in discrete

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Represent shades of gray; these signals are fed to an overlap network 56 together with the output signals from the analog computer part 26. That Overlap network 56 can be formed, for example, as in Figure 8 of US Pat. No. 3,364 is described to blank out parts of the created image that appear behind other parts of the image. To accomplish this, an output signal from the overlap network 56 is applied to a video combiner 58 to display the video signal from the output of the gray value encoder 54 via the logic element 58 only to an output line 60 to be switched on when image information is generated over an area that was not previously with another Image information was covered. via the output line

becomes a video signal which shows the original in discrete gray tones and which is used for prevention has been compensated for by overlaps. This video signal can be used to display the various To reproduce parts of the original on the grid sections, which by means of the analog computer part 26 is produced.

The analog computer part 26 creates horizontal and vertical reset pulses from signals that pass through

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it is received from the frequency generator 32. These horizontal and vertical reset pulses are from the analog computer part 26 via lines 62 the Digital computer 22 and, via lines 66, a camera control network 64 is supplied in order to generate the coordinate output signals from the analog computer part 26, which define the grid sections with the generation of video signals on line 60 representing the template.

The coordinate output signals from the analog computer part 26 and video signals on the line 60 can commonly used to be either a black and white or a color representation Videotape or a film of the sequence of movements Using the arrangements shown in Figures 2 and 3 to generate.

In Figure 2, the output signals from the analog computer section 26 and video signals on line 60 are a Color network 67 supplied together with signals from further coupling devices of the coupling network 24, which determine the red, blue and green color components for each discrete shade of gray. The color network 27

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can be any of the embodiments shown in in the aforementioned US patent application 95,096 is to assign colors to each shade of gray. The output from the network 67 can be used directly for this purpose be to produce a color representation or a video tape of the motion sequence, or it can be a video effects creating device 68 together with signals which represent background information in television format, for example from a video color camera 69 for recording the background of the original 70, from a conventional one Film recorder 71 or a video tape recorder 72; any of these facilities can used to provide background information for the episode.

The output from the video effects creation device 68 is applied to a color monitor 73 for a color display of the motion sequence directly to a video tape recorder 74 to video tape from the sequence or a microwave link 75 for transmission to a video tape recorder 76.

FIG. 3 shows an arrangement for producing a color film of the sequence of movements. The video signal on line 60 and the output signals from

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the coupling devices of the coupling network 24, which the red, blue and green color components the color to be assigned to each gray tone is supplied to a color coder 77, such as, for example in Figure 8 of the aforementioned US Patent Application 95,096.

The encoder 77 generates a video signal at an output 78 which represents the red color component of each assigned color , which is fed to an XY monitor 79; it also provides a video signal at an output 80 representing the blue color component of each assigned color, which is applied to an XY monitor 81, and also provides a video signal at an output 82 representing the green color component of each assigned color, which in a XY monitor 83 is entered. The coordinate output signals from the analog computer part 26 are also fed to each of the XY monitors 79, 80, 83; the XY monitor generates a black-and-white representation which defines the red color components of the sequence filmed by means of a camera 84 on a red-coded black-and-white film; the XY monitor 81 creates a black and white representation, which the blue color components of the means

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the camera 85 filmed episode on a blue-coded Black-and-white film, and the Χ-Ύ monitor 83 finally creates a black-and-white display, which coded the green color components of the sequence filmed by means of a camera 86 on a green Black and white film sets. The red, blue and green encoded films are then made using known methods processed in laboratories, whereby a composite color film of the sequence of movements is created.

In a modification of this procedure, the monitors 79, 80 and 83 could also be equipped with high-intensity tubes red, blue or green phosphor, and the images produced thereon could be optical be summarized and photographed on a color film.

In the following, the analog computer part 26 will now be described in detail using the network of FIGS. 4 and 4A described. The analog computer part 26 has summing amplifiers 90 and 91. Via output lines 92 and 93, the X and Y coordinate signals from the Transferring summing amplifiers 90 and 91 to create a raster section, the parameters of which are determined by input signals to the analog computer part 26.

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Changing the values of these input signals will the values of the X and Y coordinate signals at the outputs 92 and 93 changed, whereby the parameters of the grid section created thereby are changed. The coordinate outputs on lines 92 and 93 create a raster section whose parameters by the values of the output signals on the analog Computer part 26 are determined; how these coordinate signals are generated and what these grid parameters are, is best understood when the explanation is started at the inputs of the analog computer part 26.

The analog computer part 26 has a number of inputs, each of which has an analog parameter signal to determine the shape, size, position and structure of a given grid section that is represented by the X and Y coordinate outputs 92 and 93. The signal at an input 95 is determined overall the X position of the entire image from a selected number of grid sections; the signal at an input 96 determines the X-location of a given portion of the image relative to the other portions of the picture. The signal at an input 97 determines the horizontal size or length of the raster lines of the given Grid section; the signal at an input 98

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determines the horizontal axis of rotation of the given grid section; the signal at an input 99 determines the vertical axis of rotation of the given grid section; the Signal at an input 100 determines the vertical size or the spacing between the raster lines of the given Grid section.

The signal at an input 101 determines the Y position of the given grid section with respect to the other sections of an image. The signal at an input 102 determines the overall Y position of the entire image. That Signal at input 103 determines the depth or overall size of the given grid section; the signal at an input 104 determines the overall depth or size of the entire image; Signals at inputs 105 and 106 determine the cosine or sine of an angle R, where R is the angle of rotation of the given grid section with respect to is a reference axis, and at the inputs 107 to 109 are the modulation signals of the to be described Function generator 34 transmitted to the depth as well as the vertical and horizontal modulations of the given grid section to form. The inputs 95 to 106 come from coupling devices of the coupling network 24, while the inputs 107 to 109 of the Function generator 34 originate.

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A 1.2 MHz signal generated by the frequency generator 32 to be described below is transmitted to an input 110 a line 111 is input to a synchronization generator or clock 112. Generated from the 1.2 MHz signal the synchronization generator 112 a 60 Hz signal for comparison with the 60 Hz line frequency and forms therefrom a control signal for a voltage control oscillator (VCO) at an output 113, which is to the frequency generator 32 is fed back. Using the signal from the voltage control oscillator VCO will adjust the frequency of the 1.2 MHz signal to ensure that this is what the sync generator does 112 generated, 60 Hz signal is blocked or locked at the line frequency. The generator 112 generates a horizontal reset signal at one of its outputs 114 at a frequency of 28.35 kHz and at the other output 115 a vertical reset signal with a frequency of 60 Hz. This shows that that these horizontal and vertical reset signals in the system for synchronizing different time-controlled processes can be used.

The horizontal reset signal at the output 114 is applied via a line 116 and a further line 117 the reset input of an integrator 118 is applied. the

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other input line 119 on integrator 118 is on the input 97 is switched on, which determines the horizontal size of the respective grid section. According to concern every horizontal reset pulse the integrator 118 works as a horizontal ramp or sawtooth generator, to draw a line of the grid section with a length determined by the size of the signal at the input 97 is determined. The output of the integrator 118 is fed via a line 120 to an input of a summing amplifier 121 created. The other input line 122 of summing amplifier 121 is connected to the input 109 connected, via which the horizontal modulation signal from the function generator 34 is transmitted will. Another input line 123 on the summing amplifier 121 is at the output of a multiplier circuit 124 applied, of which an input via a line 125 to the input 97 for the horizontal size and a further input line 126 with input 98 is connected, which defines the horizontal axis of rotation of the section.

The role of multiplier 124 is to ensure that where the horizontal size of the Grid section increases, a corresponding automatically

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Change in the horizontal axis rotation of the section takes place to ensure that the Each section rotates around the same point. The output of summing amplifier 121, which is the sum of the horizontal ramp function of the horizontal modulation signal and the product of the horizontal axis of rotation and the horizontal size of the grid section represents reproducing signals is via lines 130 and 134 to an input of a multiplier circuit 136 created.

The vertical reset signal at output 115 of the synchronization generator 112 is applied to the reset input of an integrator 144 via lines 140 and 142. An input line 146 of the integrator 144 is connected to the input 100 of the analog computer part, which determines the vertical size of each grid section, so that every time the integrator makes a vertical Reset pulse, it generates a vertical ramp function which determines the height of the grid section (the distance between the raster lines) according to the size of the signal at the input 100. The outcome of the Integrator 144 is applied to an input of summing amplifier 152 via line 150. Another

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Input line 154 to summing amplifier 152 is connected to the input 108 leading to the analog computer part, at which the vertical modulation signal is transmitted from the function generator 34. Another input line 156 on the Summing amplifier 152 is connected to the output of a multiplier circuit 158, one input of which via a line 160 to the input 99 of the analog computer part, via which the vertical axis of rotation of the raster section determining signal is transmitted, and a further input line 162 to the input 100 is turned on for vertical size.

The multiplier circuit 158 performs the same task of compensating for changes in the vertical Size as multiplier 124 to compensate for changes in horizontal size; d. H. where one If there is a change in the vertical size of the grid section, the multiplier circuit 158 ensures that a corresponding change is automatically made in the vertical axis of rotation, so that the pivot point remains in the same position. The output of summing amplifier 152, which is the sum of the vertical

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Ramp signal, the vertical modulation signal and the product of the vertical axis of rotation and the vertical Signals determining the size of the grid section are transmitted via lines 165 and 169 to a Input of a multiplier circuit 171 applied.

In order to create a great variety in mobility, the system has facilities for rotating each Grid section around a point determined by the horizontal and vertical axis inputs 98 and 99 is, and at an angle which is denoted by R, its cosine and sine through stresses are determined at the inputs 105 and 106 of the analog computer part 26. The system continues to assign facilities to rotate any raster distortion along with the raster. The importance of these possibilities of movement is based on the difficulty in creating a sequence of motions for a moving figure shown.

When the figure moves, the legs must be bent at the knees and twisted at the hips while the arms must be bent at the elbows and rotated at the shoulders. The following is an example of the Arms taken; when the grid part in which the arm is formed closes due to the rotation of the arm the shoulder rotates, the raster distortion pattern that forms the bend at the elbow must also rotate, which is generated by a selected vertical modulation signal from the function generator 34, or otherwise an unnatural and undesirable distortion of the arm results. Because of this, the grid section is used a rotation is granted after which the modulation signals with the horizontal and vertical ramp signals are summed up.

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The signal at input 105, which represents the cosine of the angle R, is transmitted via lines 180 and 181 to a second input of the multiplier circuit 136 and via a line 183 to a second input of the Multiplier circuit 171 is applied. The signal at input 106, which represents the sine of the angle R, is connected via lines 185 and 187 to an input of a Multiplier 189 applied, the other input via a line 191 to the output of the Summing amplifier 152 is connected. The signal on the line 185, which represents the sine of the angle R, is also connected to an input via a line 195 a multiplier circuit 197, the other input of which is connected to the output via a line 2OO of the summing amplifier 121 is connected. The output of multiplier circuit 136 which is the product of the output of the summing amplifier 121 and the cosine of the angle R, is connected via a line 205 an input of a summing amplifier 207 is applied. The output of summing amplifier 189 which is the product of the output of the summing amplifier 152 and the sine of the angle R is via a line 209, an inverter 211 and a line 213 to a second one Input of summing amplifier 207 applied. A third input line 215 of summing amplifier 207 is

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connected to the input 96 of the analog computer part 26, via which the signal determining the X position of the section is transmitted.

The output of multiplier 197 which is the product of the output of summing amplifier 121 and the sine of the angle R is about a Line 219 to an input of a summing amplifier 221 created. The output of summing circuit 171 which is the product of the output of the summing amplifier and the cosine of the angle R is via a line 223 to a second input of the summing amplifier 221 created. A third input line of the summing amplifier 221 is connected to the input 101 of the anologic computer part 26 is connected to which a signal determining the X position of the grid section is transmitted will.

An input of a summing amplifier 230 is via a line 231 to the output 103 of the analog computer part connected on which the signal is transmitted which determines the depth of the raster section; another entrance is connected via a line 232 to the input 107 of the analog computer part at which the depth modulation signal from the function generator 34

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is transferred; yet another input is via a line 233 with the input 104 of the analog computer part connected to which the signal determining the overall depth of the entire image is transmitted. The exit the summing amplifier 230, which represents the sum of these depth signals, is via lines 235-237 fed to an input of a multiplier circuit 238. The output of summing amplifier 207 is on a line 240 is applied to a second input of the multiplier circuit 238. The output of the summing amplifier 230 is also via lines 2 35 and 236 as well as via a Line 242 is connected to one input of a multiplier circuit 244, the other input of which via a line 246 is connected to the output of the summing amplifier 221.

The output of multiplier circuit 238, which is the product of the signals from summing amplifiers 207 and 230 is applied to an input of summing amplifier 90 via line 248. The other entrance of the summing amplifier 90 is connected via a line 250 to the input 95 of the analog computer part 26, via which the signal determining the overall X position of the image is transmitted. The outcome of the

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Multiplier circuit 244 which is the product of the signals from summing amplifiers 221 and 230, is applied to an input of the summing amplifier 91 via a line 251. The other entrance the summing amplifier 91 is connected to the input 104 of the analog computer part 26 via a line 254, via which the signal representing the Y position of the image as a whole is transmitted. The exit at the summing amplifier 90 therefore provides the X-coordinate signal for the raster section and the output represents the Y coordinate signal for the raster section at the summing amplifier 91.

From the above description it can be seen that the analog computer part 26, which has a fixed set of predetermined Outputs input parameter signals, a grid section with a certain size and shape, with a certain Build up and a particular location creates how they get through these input signals is fixed. If the input parameter signals remain constant over time, Repeatedly generated identical grid sections. On the other hand, when the input parameter signals are in prescribed Way in a prescribed time interval are changed, a number of grid sections created that differ from each other in shape, size, structure and location. By

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Change the input parameter signals that each grid section in prescribed steps and at a By setting the prescribed frequency, the grids and thus the image can be given a movement to create a sequence of movements. The control of the input parameter signals on the analog computer part 26 to create and move the various grid sections is similar to that shown in FIG Control network executed.

The control network works to create a sequence of movements basically in three modes, namely a frame reference mode, a recording mode and a one Playback mode.

In the single image reference mode, the digital computer 22 receives digital parameter information from the control device 20 to produce the beginning and ending images of the sequence. The control device 20 has an analog input part 270 (which can have a number of potentiometers or similar devices, for example) for generating analog signals, which can be used to determine any screen parameter, and a parameter selector 272 (which can have multi-digit switches) for

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Selecting the parameter to be set by the analog signal from the analog input terminal 270.

The analog input signals from the analog input section 270, each for certain of these parameters are selected via appropriate lines applied to one input of a multiplexer 275, the other input via a line 276 to an output of the digital computer 22 is switched on, via which signals are transmitted according to its program, the analog information from the analog input part 270 in a prescribed sequence via lines

277 at the input of an analog-to-digital converter 278. The digital output signals from the converter

278 are sent via lines 279 to an input of the digital computer 22 created.

The computer 22 is programmed to store the information received from the analog input section 270 and interrogates the parameter selection device 272 via corresponding lines 282 in order to determine the parameters, to which a part of the stored information belongs. After this determination, the parameter information is transferred to a corresponding memory location in the Computer 22 transferred. By actuating and controlling the analog input part 270 and the parameter selection

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device 272, digital signals are finally stored in the corresponding storage locations of the digital computer 22, which represent each parameter of each raster section of the image for the initial image of the sequence. After storing the initial image information the same process is repeated to obtain the digital parameter information for the last frame of the sequence to build.

After the parameters for the starting and ending frames of the sequence have been established, the digital computer 22 can in be brought to the recording area. In this area, the digital computer 22 is programmed so that on a command from the control device 20, the digital parameter information, which each grid section The individual image between the start and end images is determined, calculated, and this information on the digital Recording device, for example a magnetic tape 36 or a magnetic disk 38 records. These Calculations are made according to a selected function of several mathematical functions the so-called fairing functions performed, which the rate of change of each parameter from one frame to the next in the

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Determine the sequence. For example, if a linear smoothing function is chosen, the parameter change rate is constant from one image to the next, while other smoothing functions themselves create changing rates of change. The computer 22 is programmed so that its calculations corresponding to any one of the plurality of smoothing functions, a specific one by means of a command signal from the control device 20 Carry out selected function.

When the digital parameter information each grid section defines each individual image of the sequence digitally recorded on the recording device, the control network be brought into the playback area in order to transfer the recorded digital parameter information to the digital computer 22, where it is stored in various storage locations in a prescribed sequence will.

In this way, the digital parameter information is available for transmission to other networks in the system, such as the analog computer part 26, the frequency generator 32 and the function generator 34, in FIG the digital computer 22 entered and stored in it,

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to produce the sequence. The way in which this transmission is timed regardless of its source is performed (whether by the controller 20 or by digital magnetic recording devices or 38), is not explained in detail.

When the parameter information from one of the input sources is stored in a memory location in the computer 22 it is programmed in such a way that it continuously reads this information at high speed and delivers to coupling devices in the coupling network 24 in a very specific order. In of the embodiment described are fundamental four types 285 to 288 of these coupling devices are provided. It can depend on the number of any number of any type of parameters to be determined may be present. In this embodiment are for example nine type 285 facilities, two type 286 facilities, thirty-one facilities of type 287 and one device of type 288 for a total of forty-three docking devices provided, which each influence a different parameter when each grid section of an image field is drawn. Consequently, there are at least as many coupling devices as there are for each

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There are parameters to be determined in the grid section created.

The information stored in the digital computer 22, which defines each parameter is in an order determined by the program of the digital computer applied to each of the coupling devices. For example, the information is a first parameter of a given grid section via lines 290, 291 and 292 to a coupling device of the type 285, via lines 290, 291 and 293 to a coupling device of the type 286, via lines 290, 294 and 295 to a coupling device of the type 287 and via lines 290, 294 and 296 to a coupling device of the type 288, etc. for the information which the second and subsequent parameters until all parameter information that a particular grid section of the single image is determined at the inputs of each coupling device.

When the information defining the first parameter is sent to each coupling device at high speed is applied, a signal is sent from the digital computer 22 via a line 300 to a channel address counter 302 delivered, which a separate, with a

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Has control input of each coupling device connected output. To show this is an output line 305 with a control input of the coupling device of the type 285, an output line 306 with a control input of the coupling device of the type 286, an output line 307 with a control input the coupling device of the type 287 and an output line 308 with a control input of the coupling device of Art 288 connected.

In this embodiment with 43 coupling devices, the counter 302 would have 43 such output lines, which are each connected to a control input of a coupling device. Each time the digital counter 22 applies information that defines a parameter for a specific grid section to a coupling device, it emits a signal via the line 300 in order to switch on a corresponding output of the outputs of the counter 302, which in turn provides the information that is sent to the Inputs of all coupling devices is available, switches through to the corresponding device. The digital computer 22 is programmed so that it supplies the digital parameter information in the correct order, so that he turned to the corresponding coupling means

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to generate the corresponding parameter input on the system.

When the last output line of counter 302, which may be line 308 for purposes of explanation, is connected to the digital parameter information To switch through to the last coupling device, all devices are loaded and the high speed information transfer from the digital computer 22 regarding of the next grid section to be formed must be stopped. Hence the tax or The switch-on signal on the last output line 308 of the counter 302 via a line 309 is also on applied to an input of the digital computer 22 to stop the high speed transmission. As can be seen from this, the high-speed transfer of information becomes from the digital computer 22 started again to the coupling devices by the beginning of a vertical Reset or a * · »section change pulse, which specifies the next grid section to be reloaded with information.

Each of the different types of coupling devices 285 to 288 is constructed differently,

409885/0718

to perform a different coupling function and for coupling to a different one To be part of the system. The coupling device of the type 285 is used for coupling to the frequency generator 32 and the function generator 34 for determining the frequency, phase, waveform and the synchronization type parameters of the modulation oscillator used to create vertical, horizontal and depth modulation. In this embodiment there are two such devices for determination the frequency and such a facility is required for the phase, waveform and type of synchronization. Nine such devices are used for vertical, horizontal and depth modulation.

Each device of the type 285 has a shift register 310, to which an input via lines 92 to 292 with the output of the digital computer 22 in order to obtain the digital parameter information, an input via the line 305 to an output of the channel address counter 302 for switching through the corresponding digital Parameter information to shift register 310, and an input on lines 311 and 312 to the output

- 39 409885/0718

a clock controller 313 are connected. An entrance the clock control 313 is connected to the output of an OR gate to be described.

When the clock control 313 receives a signal at its input 315, it outputs via the lines 312 and 311 a series of pulses at the input of shift register 310 to display the digital parameter information in the shift register 310 continuously via an output line 316 to the frequency generator 32 or the Function generator 34 to be applied. The clock pulses from the output of the clock controller 313 are transmitted via a line 317 is also applied to the frequency generator 32 or the function generator 34.

Each type 286 coupling device has a first buffer store 320 and a second buffer store 321, the input of which is connected to the output of the buffer memory 320. An entrance of the Buffer 320 is on lines 290, 291 and 293 to the output of the digital computer 22 to the to receive digital parameter information and another input via line 306 with an output of the channel address counter 302 to generate the corresponding digital parameter information to the first

-4O- 409885/0718

Buffer 320 to switch through. An input 322 of the second buffer memory 321 is similar to the input 315 of the clock control 313 with the output of the OR gate tied together. With a corresponding signal at input 322, the digital parameter information into the first buffer memory 320 to the second buffer memory 321 and via an output line 323 transmitted to digital control signals for such operations as a section sow keys or to create a video connection. In the present embodiment, there are two such devices type 286 is used, although of course the number depends on the number of digital control signals that are used for various control operations are required.

A coupling device of the type 287 is used to couple each of the parameter inputs 95 to 106 to the analog Computer part 26 and the function generator 34 are used to determine the amplitudes of the modulation signal. Since these are the vertical, horizontal and depth modulations, there are three such devices for this necessary. The coupling devices of this type are also for coupling the color network 67 or a color encoder 77 of Figures 2 and 3 for setting

- 41 409885/0718

the colors of each frame in the image are used. For example, if each frame has five different Colors (5 discrete shades of gray, namely one color for each shade) and there each color has one has red, blue and green color components are fifteen such facilities are required. Furthermore, a device of this type for coupling to a still is too Descriptive intensity compensation network is used.

Each coupling device of the type 287 has a first buffer memory 324 and a second buffer memory 325 whose input is connected to the output of the first buffer memory 324. An entrance of the first Buffer memory is connected via lines 290, 294 and 295 to the output of the digital computer 22 to get the digital parameter information. An input to buffer memory 324 is on the line 307 is connected to an output of the channel address counter in order to supply the corresponding digital parameter information to switch through the buffer memory 324. This information can, for example, be one of the color parameters, an amplitude parameter for a modulation oscillator, or one of the input parameters 95 to 106 on the analog computer

- 42 -

409885/0718

Part 26 determine. An input 326 of the buffer memory 325 is similar to the inputs 315 and 322 on the devices 285 and 286 with the output of the OR gate tied together. When a corresponding signal is applied to input 326, the digital information in the buffer memory 324 to the buffer memory 325 and via the lines 327 to the input of a digital-to-analog converter, which converts the digital information into an analog signal for transmission via its output line 329 to the corresponding parameter input of the system converts.

The coupling device of type 288 has the double task of determining the number of raster lines in each raster section and of timing the transmission of the parameter information from the digital computer 22 to the parameter inputs of the analog computer part 26 and to other parameter inputs of the system. In the present embodiment, only one type 288 coupling device is required. It has a buffer memory 330 and a section length counter 331, the input of which is connected to the output of the buffer memory 330. An input of the buffer memory 330 is connected to the output via lines 290, 294 and 296

- 43 409885/0718

of the digital computer connected to the digital parameter information to obtain. Another input is connected via the line 308 to the corresponding output of the channel address counter 302 in order to obtain the digital parameter information from digital counter 22 indicating the number of lines in the Section defines, switched through to the buffer memory 330.

An input line 332 of the section length counter is via lines 333, 334, 116 and 114 to the horizontal Reset output of synchronization generator 112 (Figure 4) connected. The section length counter 331 continuously counts the horizontal reset pulses on the input line 332 and when a prescribed one is reached When reading the count, it outputs an overflow or section change signal on an output line 335 away. How long the counter 331 must count to avoid the overflow signal depends on the digital information sent to it from its input buffer 330 is applied. The length of the counting process by means of the counter 331 defines the number of lines to be generated Section fixed.

When the counter 331 stops counting and generates the section change signal at its output,

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- 44 -

this signal is sent to one via lines 335 and 337 Input of a blanking generator 338 (Figure 4) applied. Another input to blanking generator 338 is via Lines 340, 341, 140 and 115 connected to the vertical reset output of synchronization generator 112; another input is via lines 342, 334, 116 and 114 to the horizontal reset input of the synchronization generator 112 is turned on. at When a section change signal from the counter 312 is applied, the blanking generator 338 sends a signal to its Output, which via a line 345 for blanking the beam of a monitor, which is used to display the Image is used, or a scan converter applied to generate the image in television format is used.

The blanking generator 338 is set to generate the blanking signal for a period of time which corresponds approximately to two horizontal grid lines, although this period is adjustable. The blanking generator 338 generates a further signal at an output, which via a line 346 for blanking the beam the camera scanning the original, such as the camera 40, 41 or 42, one for displaying the Monitor used or one used for production

409885/0718 -45-

of the television format image scan converter used between each scan cycle and a raster line is fed. Where, for example, as usual, two consecutive scanning scanning cycles When there are frames per frame, the output on line 246 interchanges the beam every field and a raster line. This then ensures that the beam during the Reverse from the end of a scan or line to the beginning of the next is turned off.

The section change signal on the output line 335 of the section length counter 331 is via a line

370 also to an input of an OR gate

371 created, the other input via lines

372, 373, 341, 140 and 115 with the vertical reset output of the synchronization generator 112 (Figure 4) is connected. The output of the OR gate 371, which is either the vertical or the section change signals is connected via a line to a preset input 375 of the section length counter 331 applied to the counter at the end of each grid section and frame or at the end of each grid section and field, if two half

- 46 40 9 8 85/0718

images per single image are available, to be preset to a counter reading that is determined by the digital parameter information is set in the buffer memory 330.

At the same time, the output signal of the OR gate applied to the input 326 of each coupling device of the type 287 in order to receive the digital parameter information into the buffer memory 324 via the buffer memory 325 and the converter 328 to the respective ones To transmit inputs of the system; furthermore, the signal is sent to input 322 of each logic device of the Kind 286 applied to the digital parameter information in the buffer memory 320 via the buffer memory 321 and to be transmitted to the corresponding parameter inputs of the system; eventually the signal will too applied to the input 315 of each coupling device of the type 285 in order to convert the digital parameter information into the shift register 310 to be continuously transferred to the appropriate input of the system. Hence that governs Section change signal from section length counter 331 not only blanking the raster lines between the Raster sections, but also interacts with the vertical reset signal to set the number of lines in each scanner section to simultaneously determine the digital parameter information in each coupling device to transfer that a new grid section

409885/0718

- 47 -

2335758

determined at the corresponding inputs of the system.

The signal at the output of the OR gate 371 is also connected to a preset via lines 374, 380 and 381 Input of the channel address counter 302 applied to set the counter to a number that is determined by the information applied to an input buffer 383 via a line 382. the preset number determines the output count from which the counter 302 the coupling devices addressed. This counter reading can be changed from grid section to grid section. For example there there are certain parameters that remain constant from one section to another in a given frame, such as the overall X and X positions as well the overall depth, as such parameters affect all portions of the image. The color parameters can also stay constant. If the information for these overall parameters is the first eighteen coupling devices occupied, these facilities do not need to be reloaded after each section. The counter 302 should therefore be preset to begin addressing with the nineteenth coupler after the parameter information for the first section of the

- 48 ■ 409.885 / 071.8

2335753

Single image is transmitted. The digital computer 22 is programmed so that it has the required, preset Outputs value to the input buffer memory 383.

An input of the channel address counter 302 is via a Line 385 is connected to the output of a delay network 386, the input of which is connected via lines 387, 373, 341, 140 and 115 are connected to the vertical reset output of the synchronizing generator 112 (FIG. 4) is to reset the counter 302 just before the end of each frame or field if two fields are available per single image. The delay network 386 outputs a signal at its output, the opposite delayed the vertical reset signal by approximately 90% of the time period between vertical reset pulses is. It is therefore generated at the output of the delay network 386 a pulse that is immediately before of each vertical reset pulse occurs after the first vertical reset pulse is generated. These impulses at the output of the network 386 are also applied to an input of the digital counter 22 via a line 388, to enable it for a high-speed transmission of parameter data.

- 49 409885/071 8

The signal at the output of the OR logic element 371 is also applied to an input of the digital counter 22 via lines 374, 380 and 391 in order to measure the high-speed transmission from the counter 22 to the coupling devices of the digital Parameter information for the next grid section to be formed.

In the network shown in Figure 6, digital information is stored in the computer 22, which the parameters of each raster section of the image to be generated for a given field or Partial images determined. The information can come from the control device 20, which control devices for adjusting the value of each set of parameter information to each grid section one specific individual image, or it can be any digital recording medium, such as be the magnetic tape 36 or the disk 38 on which the parameter information is recorded, which determines each grid section of each individual image of a sequence. Since the information is to be saved, For example, an output pulse from delay network 386 is applied on line 388 to the high Speed of transmission of the digital

- 50 409885/0718

Initiate Paraitieterinformation that the first grid section of the first frame determines which one in a prescribed order according to the The program of the digital computer is applied from the output of the computer 22 to each of the coupling devices, of which in the present embodiment in total 43 with four different basic designs are available.

The signal at the output of the delay network 386 directs the high speed transmission only for the parameter data of the first section, while the transmission is for the parameter data for the subsequent sections by the vertical reset or section change signals be initiated. When the digital parameter information is fed to the coupling devices, the signals are applied over line 300 to the channel address counter 302, which is continuous or sequential Signals generated at a different output, each of which is connected to a different coupling device is to transfer the corresponding digital parameter information from the computer 22 to a corresponding coupling device to switch through. The coupling devices

- 51 -

409885/0718

are therefore successively loaded with the corresponding information which defines the parameters of the first Grid section determined. When the control signal at the last output of the channel address counter 302 is applied, which indicates that all coupling devices are charged, this signal is via the Lines 308 and 309 are applied to an input of the computer 22 in order to obtain the high speed stop the transmission of the digital parameter information.

The purpose of the coupling device 288 is here is to determine the number of lines in the grid section to be drawn. Since those in the coupling units introduced information relates to the first grid section, the coupling device 288 Do not perform this task because there is currently no grid section to be drawn or written. If the next vertical reset signal is generated by the synchronization generator 112 anyway, it is received via lines 115, 140, 341, 373 and 372 the OR gate 371 and via the line to the inputs 375, 326, 322 and 315 of the logic devices supplied to simultaneously the digital

- 52 -

409885/0718

Parameter information transmitted in these facilities and other devices similar to these are loaded, which the parameters of the first grid section at the corresponding parameter inputs of the system and to preset the section length counter 331.

The same vertical reset signal is sent across the lines 380 and 391 are also applied to the input of digital counter 22 to get the high speed to begin the transmission of the parameter information determining the second section at the coupling devices. The vertical reset signal is also applied over line 381 to preset the channel address counter 302 to a number, the information fed into the input buffer memory 383 by the computer 22 via the line 322 is determined. The delayed vertical reset pulse at input 385 of counter 302 sets it Counter 302 just before the beginning of each frame or field back if more than one field per Single image is available.

Together with the other digital parameter information from the digital counter 22, which the first raster

409SSS / Q718

- 53 -

cut is a piece of information that defines the number of lines determined in the first grid section which is just being created at the output of the analog computer part 26 available. This information is sent to the coupling device 288 along with the horizontal Reset pulses from sync generator 112 fed. The section length counter 331 counts the horizontal reset pulses at its input 322 for a period of time determined by the value of the information received from the input buffer 330 is transferred. When it has reached a full count, a section change signal is on its output, which is applied to the blanking generator 338 via the lines 335 and 337, which generates a signal that scans the first two or three raster lines of the next raster section (which would be the second grid section).

The same section change signal is applied via lines 335 and 370 and the OR gate 371, to perform the same functions with respect to the second section as they do with respect to the first reset signal of the first section, d. H. at the same time the digital parameter information

- 54 409885/0718

transferred that loaded in coupling devices 1st, which is the parameters of the second grid section at the corresponding parameter inputs of the system and to preset the section length counter 331, the high-speed transmission of the digital, the third section to initiate parameter information determining the coupling devices, and to the channel address counter 302 to be preset to a number determined by information applied to the input buffer memory 383 from the digital computer 22 is. This procedure is then carried out for the next and each subsequent section of the first individual image repeated, each time the coupling devices with the parameter information successively can be loaded and this information is sent to the corresponding inputs of the system at the same time is transferred to generate the next raster section until the initial image is generated. The procedure is then repeated for each of the subsequent frames in the sequence.

When the parameter information stored in the digital computer 22 remains unchanged, every single image is identical. But if the parameter information

409885/0718 -55-

is changed in the digital counter, for example by operating the control settings on the analog input 270 and the parameter selection input 272 of the control unit 20 or through continuous Playback of the digital parameter information stored on the storage medium, for example the magnetic tape 36 or the magnetic card 38 is recorded in the digital computer 22, each individual image is different, and a sequence of movements is created.

The (normal) frequency generator is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 32 and the function generator 34 according to the invention, the objects of which are To generate modulation signals in accordance with information received from the digital computer 22 via the coupling devices for creating the depth vertical and horizontal modulations are preserved, in order to apply these signals to the inputs 107 to 109 of the analog computer part 26. With these signals Each grid section can be formed in different ways to create a variety of motion effects to create. For example, the vertical modulation can be used to turn the raster lines that

- 56 -

409885/0718

horizontal modulation to change the speed with which a grid line is drawn, to create horizontal distortion and depth modulation to create depth distortion can be used, which are similar to the foreshortening effects optically obtained with wide-angle lenses will.

Many of the major components of the networks of Figures 7 and 8 are detailed in the United States patent application Ser. No. 72 632 of September 16, 1970 with the title "Frequency selector and generator" described, on soft, reference is made where appropriate.

The frequency generator 32 generates coherent digital signals of selected frequencies and includes a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) and a master or control generator 400 , which is described in detail in Figures 2 and 2A of the aforementioned US Patent Application 72,642 . One small difference between generator 400 and the generator described in the aforementioned US application is that the control oscillator has a frequency of 9.6 MHz and not 10 MHz so that it can be easily divided to generate the 1.2 MHz Generate signal. As stated above,

40988B / 0718 - 57 -

the 1.2 MHz signal is sent via line 111 to the Input of the synchronizing signal generator 112 of Figure 4 applied to the horizontal and vertical Generate reset signals. Due to the difference in the frequencies of the control oscillator are also the frequencies generated at the output of the control generator 400 by a factor of 0.96 compared to the output frequencies of the network in Figures 2 and 2a of the aforementioned application is reduced.

These output frequencies, which need not be described in more detail here, as they are in the aforementioned US application specified in detail are fed into a digital frequency selector 401 in order to to generate a digital, composite signal at its output, which signal is output at an output line 402 is present. By simply connecting digital frequency selectors 401 in parallel, a number of coherent, summarized digital signals are created. For example, in the present embodiment, three such signals are for the vertical, horizontal and depth modulations are required and there are therefore three digital frequency selectors 401 be required «Since these are identical, needs

- 58 4 0.9 885/0718

only one of them to be described.

The frequency of the output signal from the digital frequency selector 401 is determined by signals from a series of four-to-ten row decoders 404-410. The frequency selector 401 basically has the same structure as that in FIG. 4 of the aforementioned US application, except that switches 501 to 507 in Figure 4, which are available for selection of the composite required frequency are used by the decoders 404-410 and a shift register 411 are replaced. An input line 412 of the shift register 411 is with a mode controlling switch 414 having an inner or upper position 415 and a outer or lower position 416 connected. In each of the two operating mode settings, the shift register 411 is loaded with digital parameter information, which via corresponding lines is applied to the decoders 404 to 41O.

Each of these decoders has ten outputs representing the digits 0 to 9 and one of them correspondingly the binary coded decimal number (BCD)

- 59 409885/0718

its entrance is excited. The signals at the outputs of the decoders 404 to 410 perform the same task like switches 501 to 507 in FIG. 4 of the aforementioned US application to the corresponding output frequencies from the generator (synthesizer) 400 to a number of frequency adders, such as the adder 530, 540 and 544 of Figures 4 and 5 of the aforementioned US application to drive to at the output of the voter generate a composite signal of the selected frequency.

When the mode switch 414 is in its lower position, the digital parameter information which best inaat the frequency of the composite signal is applied in sequence from the output 316 of a coupling device of the type 285 to an input of the shift register 411. Simultaneously with the transmission of the parameter information, clock pulses are applied on the output line 317 of the same coupling device to an input of the shift register 411 in order to load the shift register with the parameter information. After the shift register 411 has been loaded, the digital parameter information is sent to the decoders 404 to 410 in binary-coded decimal form (BCD form)

- 60 -

409885/0718

which decode the information and apply it to the inputs of the selector 401 which the Determine the frequency of the composite signal at its output 402. When the mode switch 414 is in the down position, becomes the frequency of the composite signal controlled with the aid of the digital computer 22.

When switch 414 is in its lower position 416, the frequency of the composite signal is selected by setting a series of seven-digit, binary-coded, decimal preselection switches through 426 to the required frequency. When the switch 414 is set to this operating mode, the digital computer 22 has no influence on the frequency selection of the composite signal by means of the frequency selector 401. The frequency is controlled exclusively by the settings of the binary-coded decimal switches 42O to 426, which provide information in binary-coded decimal form directly via the shift register 411 to the decoders 404 bis, the outputs of which determine the frequency of the composite signal, as described above.

- 61 40988 5/0718

When the frequencies of the modulation oscillators are determined their phases, amplitudes, waveforms and types of synchronization must be determined. This is done by means of function generator 34, one being required for each modulation signal is. The composite digital output signal from the digital frequency selector 401 of the Frequency generator 32 is connected to an input of an up / down counter 440 via line 402 applied, which alternates the impulses of the composite digital signal forwards and backwards between, prescribed limits counts in order to generate binary output signals which are sent to the inputs a digital-to-analog converter 442 can be applied. The converter 442 generates on an output line 444 is a staircase-shaped triangular waveform with a frequency different from the frequency of the Signal from the frequency generator 32 and the upper and lower limit settings of the up-down counter 440 depends.

For example, if the up-down counter 440 is set to alternate up and down

- 62 -

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counting backwards between values of 0 and 50 would be the frequency of the triangular waveform at the output of the Converter 442 can be 1/100 the frequency of the composite signal. When the up-down counter 540 is set to alternate forward and backward between values of 0 and 500 counts, the frequency of the triangle waveform at the output of converter 442 is 1/100 of the frequency of the composite signal of the frequency generator 32. The up-down counter 450 and digital-to-analog converter 442 generally perform the same function in this circuit such as the up-down counter 22 and the digital-to-analog converter 24 in the circuit in FIG Figure 4 of the aforementioned US application no. 72 642.

409885/0718

The up-down counter 440 has a triangular / sawtooth shape Control input 446, by means of which it is controlled whether the counter 440 alternates counts up or down to produce a triangular waveform on output line 444, or it is reset every time it reaches an upper (or lower) limit, around a sawtooth one Waveform on output line 444. In either case it will be triangular or sawtooth for mi ge waveform from converter 442 over the lines 444 and 448 and a resistor 450 are fed to an analog logic element 452. The waveform on the Line 444 is also passed through sinusoidal shaper 454 to produce a sinusoidal waveform at its output to generate, which via a line 456 and a resistor 458 to an analog logic element 460 is created.

An output of the up-down counter 440 becomes is applied via a line 462 to a level shifter 464 in order to have a square waveform at its output generate, which via a line 466 and a resistor 468 to a further analog logic element 470 is created. The counter 440, the converter 442

- 64 409885/0718

the sine shaper 454 and the level shifter 464 generate triangular, sawtooth, sinusoidal and square waveforms from the digital frequency signal of the Frequency generator 32. Of these waveforms, however, there must be a specific waveform for each Modulation signal are selected and its phase and degree of synchronization are determined.

A shift register 472 receives serial parameter information and serial clock pulses on input lines 316 or 317 by a linking device of the type 285, the series parameter information being the Phase, waveform and sync type of a specific, special modulation signal. The phase data information is from the shift register 472 are transmitted via appropriate lines to a phase angle converter 474, while the data which determine the waveform and the type of synchronization are transmitted via appropriate lines to a function control circuit be transmitted. An input of the function control circuit 476 is connected via lines 478, 333, 334, 116 and 114 connected to the horizontal reset output of the synchronizing generator 111 (Figure 4), while another Input via line 480 to the output line

- 65 -409885/0718

the coupling device of the type 288 is connected for receiving the section change signals.

The function of the phase angle converter 474 and shift register 472 is to determine the phase of the modulation waveform to adjust. To explain how this is done, it is assumed that the Counter starts from a count zero and counts alternately between the values 0 and 50, so that a complete Cycle corresponds to 100 previous counts. A single cycle is used for a phase for the waveform in 100 counting steps, each counting step corresponding to a specific phase. The phase angle converter 474 receives the phase data from the shift register 472 and converts them into binary-valued outputs, which are fed to the up / down counter 440 in order to preset its count to a prescribed number, and gives a signal either over a line 482, whereupon the counter 440 of the prescribed Number counts up or down via line 484, whereupon the counter 440 of the prescribed number counts down; this then adjusts the phase of the waveforms it produces.

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The phase data in shift register 472 has a binary place value of any number between 0 and 0 and are fed to the phase angle converter 474. If the data represents a number between 0 and 50, then the phase angle converter 474 immediately transmits the data along with a signal on the Line 482 to counter 440, whereupon the counter counts up from that number. However, if the phase data in shift register 472 represents a count between 50 and 100, the output of the Shift registers have no meaning for the counter 440, since it never reaches numerical values above 50.

As a result, the phase angle converter 474 sets data representing numbers between 50 and 100, in numbers between 0 and 50 µm, which has no meaning for the counter 440. For example, if the data represent the number 60 from the shift register 472 to designate a corresponding phase, the Converter 474 converts the number 60 into the number 40 and the data representing the number 40 on the line 440, together with a signal on the line 484, whereupon the counter 440 counts down. The task of the phase angle converter 474 is thus to phase data

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from the shift register 472 to convert into data that for the counter 44O are important to the phase of the output waveform.

When the counter 44O is in the operating state in which he divides by 10OO so that he takes turns counts between the digits 0 and 500, a complete cycle would have 1,000 counts, and the Phase data fed to shift register 472 on line 316 would be any value between 0 and 1000 to determine the phase of the output waveform of the counter 440.

via an output line 490 of the function control circuit 476, a trigger signal is transmitted to the control input of analog logic gate 452 to produce the triangular or sawtooth waveform, as is the case can be to be switched through from the output of the converter 442 to the input of a summing amplifier 491, via a further output line 493 of the function control circuit 476, a trigger signal is transmitted to the control input of the analog logic element 460, to switch the sinusoidal waveform from the sine shaper 454 to the input of the summing amplifier 491. Furthermore, there is another output line 494 of the function control circuit 476 an enable signal

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- 68 -

to the control input of the analog logic gate 470 to get the square waveform from the output of the level converter 464 to the input of the summing amplifier 491.

The parameter data in the shift register 472, which determine the waveform of a particular modulation signal are fed to the function control circuit 476, which outputs a signal on line 490, 49- or 494 to reflect the selected waveform signal to be switched through via a summing amplifier 491 to an input of a multiplier circuit 496. Another The input of the multiplier circuit 496 is via a line 497 with the output line 329 of a coupling device of type 287 connected to receiving information indicating the amplitude of the selected Waveform determined. In order to generate certain movement effects, the modulation signals should be used with the generation of a specific grid section or with the generation of each grid line of a specific grid section be phase-locked. The last-mentioned type of synchronization makes it necessary, for example, to to create a curve or bend in a grid section, so that each line is exactly in the same place of the grid must be bent or curved. It can

409885/0718 " ⁶⁹ "

but it is also required that no signal is phase-locked so that the modulation signal can pass freely. Around To create these types of synchronization are the Parameter data in the shift register 472 which determine the type of synchronization to the function control circuit 476, which, depending on the selected synchronization type, either the horizontal reset signals on its input line 478 the section change signals on input line 480 or none when in free passage over an output line 498 come to an input of the up / down counter 440. With each pulse on input line 498, counter 440 is reset to from a phase state determined by the phase data from the phase angle converter 474 kick off. The control function circuit 476 also outputs a signal over a line 499 to the counter 490, to timing the loading of the phase signals from converter 474 into counter 440.

In this way there is then a modulation signal with a certain frequency, phase, waveform amplitude and A certain degree of synchronization is created at the output of the multiplier circuit 496 and is via a line 500 to a corresponding modulation input on the analog computer part 26, for example to the

409885/0718 _{? O}

Input 107, 108 or 109 applied to create a depth vertical or horizontal movement. There in this embodiment requires three modulation signals three function generators of the type described above are required.

An intensity compensation network 520 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 4A, which is described in detail in US patent application Ser Serial No. 74 662 of September 23, 1970 with the title "Beam Intensity Compensation Device" is described, the input line 521 of which has an intensity input 522 is connected. The input 522 receives analog information from a coupling device of type 287, which determines the beam intensities of the scanning devices of the system on which the Image is generated; these facilities include scan converters of the color network 67, the X-Y monitors 79, 81 and 83 of FIG. 3 and the overlap network 56 of FIG.

An input line 523 of the network 520 is with the input 1OO to transmit the vertical size information, an input line 524 is connected to the

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Input 97 for the horizontal size to transmit horizontal size information, an input line 525 is connected to the output line of the summing amplifier 230 to transmit the depth information, an input line 526 is connected to the input 108 for is the vertical modulation for transmitting vertical modulation signals, and an input line 527 is connected to the input 109 for the horizontal modulation in order to transmit horizontal modulation signals. The task of the intensity compensation network 520 is to measure the beam intensities of the display devices to change the size of the image and the scanning speed of the light spot to compensate when the beam runs across the screen of the facility Intensity compensation signal for the monitored display is applied over line 530 to the video signals modulate on the scan converter or the X-Y monitors; the intensity compensation signal for the overlap network is applied over line 531 to modulate the video signal on the overlap network 56.

The description of the operation of the system is best illustrated with reference to Figures 9 through 12, by way of example performed like a certain sequence of movements

- 72 -

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- ⁷² - 233576B

is produced. In the form of an animated drawing, it is supposed to be a moving sequence of a caricature of someone walking Man, whose hat the wind blows away. The person has a right arm 601 right leg 602, a hat 603, a head and body 604, a left leg 605 and a left arm 606. As previously described, a sequence of movements is made from a composed of a finite number of individual images, the frequency of which depends on whether the sequence is to be filmed, to be recorded on videotape or displayed on a television monitor.

If the episode is to be filmed, the frame speed should be 24 frames per second, which corresponds to the usual film speeds. If that Image for the United States of America displayed on a television monitor or recorded on videotape should be, the frame speed should be 30 frames per second so that it is the same as that used in the USA Television scanning speed is consistent. In order to generate the sequence, the image parameters for the beginning and ending images of the sequence are produced.

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/ »09885/071 8

The way in which the image is between the If the start and end image is to be moved, it is necessary, among other things, to determine the number of individual images in the The result is to select the number of grid sections on which the image is to be displayed and the smoothing functions, which determine the speed of the parameter change in the sequence. All of these variables are subject to operator control.

In the present illustration, it is assumed that during the sequence the man of one shown in FIG Starting position up to an end position shown in Figure 10 makes half a step and that when he takes the half step, his hat will be blown off his head, as shown in FIG. It is also assumed that his arms and legs move from the starting position shown to an end position move.

Since the figure has a total of six different parts 601 to 606, which move relative to one another during the sequence, these parts are each in a separate Grid section generated. And the right one Arm 601 in a grid section 610, the right leg 602 in a grid section 611, the hat 603 in one Grid section 612, the head and body .604 in one

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Grid section 613, and the left leg 605 in a grid section 614 and the left arm 606 in a grid section 615. The control devices on the control device 20 are therefore set to have a total of six grid sections and make the number of grid lines in each section.

Since the overlap network 56 of Figure 1 is the last generated overlap information, the Parts of the figure are created from the foreground to the background. The grid sections should therefore be in the following Sequence can be generated. The section 610 for the right arm, the section 611 for the right leg, the Section 612 for the hat, section 613 for the head and body, section 614 for the left leg and the section 615 for the left arm. These different body parts are from top to bottom on a piece of template 618 and are shown, for example, on the lightweight housing 45 in FIG. A video camera, For example, the camera 42 in Figure 1, the original 618 scans from top to bottom at one speed which is generated by the horizontal and vertical reset pulses from the synchronizing generator 111 in Figure 1 are determined.

409885/0718

At this point it should be mentioned that it is not It is imperative that the template 618 be arranged so that the camera 42 moves it from top to bottom scans. With appropriate circuitry, the camera can identify the various parts of the template sample in any order desired to match the overlap network 56. Definitely it is assumed in connection with the present example that the original is in the order shown drawn and that it scans the camera from top to bottom.

Corresponding control devices on the control unit are set to apply the digital parameter information to the digital computer 22, which they in turn applied to the switching device 52 when the sequence is generated to read the video information from the To switch camera 42 through to the input of the gray value encoder 54, which generates signals at its output which display the template 618 in discrete shades of gray. the Output signals from the gray scale encoder 54 are combined with signals from the output of the overlap network 56 applied to the video link 58 which prevents overlap in that portion of the image, where one part is arranged behind the other to be on the

409885/0718 " ⁷⁶ "

Output line 60 of video link 58 To generate video signals, which represent the original in discrete shades of gray, to the sequence of movements create.

The operator must therefore select the number of frames in the sequence. This of course depends on it how fast the figure should go? in the present example it has been assumed that they are associated with a Should go speed of half a step per second. Since watching television speeds of 30 frames per second are provided by setting the control devices on the control unit 20 30 frames selected for the sequence. If the episode is to be filmed, there will be 24 frames chosen. By setting the analog input part and the channel selection device 272 of the controller 20 and by observing the monitor 73 in Figure 2 changes the Operator all of the parameters for each raster portion of the image necessary to create the initial image the sequence according to the picture in Figure 9 to build.

Consequently, for each grid section 610 to 615 digital signals continuously output to the digital computer 22, which the X-position, the Y-position, the horizontal

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and represent vertical size, section depth and intensity; signals are also emitted, which the number of lines in each grid section and the red, blue, and green color components of each color determine in each individual image. In addition, the arms, legs and hat must be around predetermined points rotated between the start and end frames; namely, the hat must be at a point 620 that is at the legs attached to the hips about a point 621 and the arms attached to the shoulders about a point 622 can be rotated. In this illustration, the head and body portion 613 remain throughout the sequence upright, although of course they can be rotated if required. As a result, for output each grid section digital signals to the digital computer 22 from the control unit 20, which determine the cosine and sine of the angle of rotation as well as the vertical and horizontal axes of rotation.

Further parameters must also be specified. As can be seen from FIG. 9, the left arm is on the elbow and the left leg on the initial picture Knee bent, while in the final picture the right arm is bent at the elbow and the right leg is bent at the knee. To create these turns, vertical modulation signals are used, which by means of the frequency

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generator 32 and the function generator 34 from a parameter information supplied to them by the digital computer 22 generated. Each of these modulation signals has five parameters which must be defined, namely the frequency, the phase, the waveform, the amplitude and the degree of synchronization.

Since the turns at the elbow and knee are quite sharp, a triangle waveform is chosen, as this is more suitable than a sinusoidal or a square waveform. Because of these turns must also each grid line of a grid section in which one of the arms or one of the legs is created is to be turned by the same amount and in exactly the same place. The synchronization type should therefore be chosen so that the generation of the modulation signals for each raster section with the generation each raster line in the section, i.e. H. is synchronized with the horizontal reset pulses. By means of the control devices of the control device 20, a triangular wave shape, a synchronization, is therefore established at the horizontal reset signals and the corresponding frequency, phase and amplitude for the vertical modulation signal for each of the grid sections 610, 611, 614 and 615 for the initial image of the episode selected.

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In addition to the individual section parameters the control devices of the control unit are set to the parameters for the overall display of the initial image, namely the position in the Y and X directions as a whole as well as to form the total depth.

When all of this parameter information has been sent to the digital computer 22 and stored in it, the digital computer 22 is programmed to the parameter information to apply to the various coupling devices for each grid section of the initial image, is as described above, starting with the information comprising the grid portion 610 specifies and whereupon the information for the grid sections 611, 612, 613, 614 and 615 in the specified Follow order. The channel address counter 302 sequentially routes each digital parameter information the corresponding coupling device, which is described above. Hence the first information defining the grid section 610 is successively loaded into the coupling devices, wherein the information from these facilities to the corresponding input of the other networks of the system is transmitted in accordance with the vertical reset signal from the synchronizing generator 112 at the time

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to which the digital parameter information for the next section 611 is sequentially entered into the Coupling devices are loaded and connected to the appropriate inputs of the system in accordance with the section change signal at the output of the section length counter 331 (Fig. 5), etc. for the sections 612 to 615 to create the starting image of the sequence.

Sections 610 to 615 are of course drawn continuously, but at the beginning of each section two or three raster lines are blanked. The blanking is carried out by means of signals sent by the Blanking network 338 according to the section change signals from the section length counter 331, the horizontal reset pulses and the vertical reset pulses are generated. The section change signals in turn, are created in accordance with the information stored in the digital computer 22 which defines the number of lines in each grid section. These blanking signals from the blanking generator 338 are applied via line 345 to the beam of the scan converter of the Color network 67 to be scanned between the sections.

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When transmitting each block parameter information, which determines each grid section from the coupling devices, is the digital parameter information from the output of the coupling devices of the type 285 to the input of the shift register 411 of the frequency generator 32 to set the frequency of the vertical To determine modulation signal, and to the inputs of the shift register 472 of the function generator 34 is applied to determine the phase, waveform and type of synchronization of the vertical modulation signal. For each grid section will also the analog parameter signal from the output of a coupling device of the type 287 via line 497 applied to one input of the multiplier circuit 496 of the function generator 34, whereby the amplitude of the modulation signal is fixed. It is thus on the output line 500 of the function generator 34 a range of modulation signals, frequencies, phases, waveforms, amplitudes and degrees of synchronization created, which generate the bends in the grid sections .610, 611, 614 and 615 of FIG. The modulation signal for each raster section is fed to the vertical modulation input 108 of the analog Computer part 26 supplied.

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The digital parameter information from the type 286 couplers is applied to various Perform network control functions, such as setting switch 52, in order to switch through the video information from the camera 52 via the gray value encoder 54.

Analog parameter signals are sent from the outputs of the coupling devices of the type 287 to the input for the X position as a whole, to input 96 for the X position of the section, to input 97 for the horizontal size of the section to the input for the horizontal axis of rotation of the section input 99 for the vertical axis of rotation of the section, to input 100 for the vertical grid size, to the input 101 for the Y position of the grid, to the input 102 for the Y position as a whole, to the Entrance 103 for the section depth, to the entrance 104 for the total depth, to input 105 for the cosine of the angle R, to input 106 for the sine of the angle R and applied to the input 522 for the intensity of the analog computer part 26. Where a color display or a video tape is to be produced from the sequence of movements, analog ones are used

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Voltages from further coupling devices of the type 287 are applied to the color network 67 of FIG. 2, to set the red, blue, and green color components for each discrete shade of gray. If the consequence is to be recorded on a color film, these signals are applied to the color encoder 77 of FIG.

When the analog parameter signals defining each raster section successively through the raster section are applied to the inputs of the analog computer part 26, generate the integrators 118 and 144 of the analog computer part 26 horizontal and vertical ramp functions, which with the horizontal h5k! vertical reset pulses from the synchronizing generator 112 are synchronized. Since the video camera 42 is also in sync with the horizontal and vertical Reset pulses from the sync generator 112 are sampled, the generation of the horizontal and vertical ramp functions from integrators 118 and 144 with the sampling of video camera 42, which scans the original 618 is synchronized. The horizontal and vertical ramp functions are performed with the analog parameter signals at the input of the analog computer part 26, as described above,

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summarized: to at the output lines 92 and 93 Generate output signals for the X and Y coordinates sequentially representing the grid sections of the initial image.

These signals for the X and Y coordinates are sent together with the video signals from the gray value encoder 54 is applied to an input of the overlap network 56 in order to compensate for the To generate a video signal on the line 6O, which represents the original in discrete shades of gray. The output signals for the X and Y coordinates from the analog computer part 26 and the video signals on the line 60 can be fed to the color network 67 in order to produce a color representation of the initial image on the color monitor 73. The operator can have the effects of changing the control settings when building the initial image Observe on the control unit 2O on the color monitor 73 until you are satisfied with the display of the initial image is.

After she is satisfied with the initial image, she sends a control signal to the control unit 20

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Digital computer 22 in order to store the parameter information of the initial picture in the computer 22. Thereafter, are formed for the final image in exactly the same way with the networks the parameters by each section of the final image of the sequence is created by the operator changes the control means of the control unit 2O _e until it is satisfied with the parameters of the final image "

In most cases, the parameters of the final image differ from those of the initial image. For example, in the present illustration, the parameters for the X and Y positions and the angle of rotation of the hat 603 and consequently also the section 612 are different arms around the shoulders and thus the portions 610 and 6T5, like the angle of rotation of the legs differ with respect to the hips, and thus the portions 611 and 614 ', since the left arm and right leg of a bent in an extended position and the right arm, as well as pass over the left leg of a stretched in a bent position, also the amplitudes of the vertical modulation signals for the sections 610, 611 _t 614 and 615 differ.

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When the parameters for the start and end frames of the sequence are available, appropriate smoothing functions must be selected in order to determine the rate of change of these parameters during the sequence. The smoothing functions can be selected so that they _r vary linearly, exponentially or in any other way. For the purposes of the present illustration, the But 620 is supposed to leave the head very suddenly and then be blown away at a constant speed or perhaps at a gradually decreasing speed; the arms can be bent and stretched slowly at the elbows during the sequence, or perhaps slowly at first, gradually increasing, and then slowly at the end of the sequence. The same is true of the stretching and bending of the knees as well as the rate of rotation of the kite "of each arm and each leg during the sequence.

In the present example, the hat is supposed to suddenly fly away, then at a constant speed fly on and move from the position in the initial image to the position in the end image with a constant Rotate speed. As a result will be

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linear smoothing functions chosen to reduce the Pa _| determine parameter changes between the start and end images of the raster section 612 ^ The bends at the knees and elbows should also take place at a constant speed during the sequence, so that a linear smoothing function is selected to determine the amplitude changes of the vertical modulation signals during the sequence. However, the rotation of each arm around shoulder point 622 and the leg around hip joint point 621 should be slow at the beginning of the series, gradually increasing in the middle of the series, and gradually slowing down again at the end of the series. Corresponding smoothing functions are then selected in order to change the angles of rotation of the grid sections 610, 611, 614 and 615 accordingly. When selecting these smoothing functions, corresponding command signals are sent from the control device 20 to the digital computer 22, which is programmed so that it carries out the parameter calculations in accordance with the selected functions.

The digital computer 22 now contains all the information needed to determine the start and end frames of the sequence, as well as the information regarding the smoothing function

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how the image parameters should be changed during the episode. When the digital computers 22 is programmed to set the section parameters for each frame between the opening and closing frames to calculate the sequence in accordance with the selected smoothing functions, the computer 22 goes with a corresponding one Command from the control unit 20 into the recording mode and automatically calculates this information and records them on the recording medium such as magnetic tape 36 and / or the magnetic disk 38 digital.

If with the digital parameter information the entire, recorded sequence of movements is set, the control network goes with a corresponding command from the control unit 20 to the playback mode, to the digital, on the magnetic tape or the magnetic disk recorded parameter information to the To play back digital computer 22, from which it is section by section and frame by frame, as described above, is applied to the coupling devices. Then it goes to the others Inputs of the system are applied to produce a color representation or a videotape of the sequence of movements.

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The video signals on line 6O can also be sent to the color encoder 77, and the output signals for the X and Y coordinates from the analog computer part 26 can be sent to the X-Y monitors 79, 81 and (Figure 3) can be applied to create a color film of the sequence.

With this this sequence is then complete; the operator can now a second sequence with the one shown in Figures 9 and 10 as a caricature Create person who takes the second half step. To do this, an initial image is used for the second episode which is the same as the ending image of the first sequence and an ending image for the second Sequence created, which corresponds to the opening picture of the first episode. The procedure described above can then be repeated for the second sequence, so that now a sequence is created in which the Person takes a whole step. By appropriately recording the digital parameter data for them Sequence on the magnetic tape 36 can be any sequence Length can be created by a person walking.

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Of course, this example only serves to explain the basic processes of the system, and by no means Facility is limited to the size of the movement changes, «rich done with this system

can be. An unlimited variety of movement effects can be achieved by appropriate selection of the scene length and the parameter changes as well as the smoothing functions and the modulation signals. Another example of the versatility of the system can be derived from the fact that, when the parameters which determine the grid sections, such as the grid sections 6IO to 615, have been formed for a given sequence of movements, any figure is produced with them, and can be made to be moved in exactly the same manner simply by changing the template 618. If, for example, the template were changed so that it represents the limbs of a rabbit, it would be created on the grid sections 6IO to 615 of the base and cause it to move just like the person in FIGS. 9 and 10 in the sequence of movements are desired to produce certain effects and effects without having a template and

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instead to display the grid sections themselves, in the example given above, a sequence of movements of the grid shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 would manage.

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Claims (50)

Patent claims 1. Method for generating a sequence of movements of an object from a single still image of the object, characterized in that video signals which represent each part of the object, which is optionally divided into one or more parts is; that each of the parts of the object is displayed on a separate grid section, which of parameter signals is created, which determine the size, shape, position and structure, with the Generation of each raster section takes place synchronously with the generation of the video signals, which the in the section represent the created part of the object; and that certain selected parameter signals with can optionally be changed in time to produce changes in certain selected grid sections, in order to produce corresponding changes in the parts of the object reproduced on it. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the changes in the parameter signals are controlled digitally. - 93 409885/0718 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the episode is recorded. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the parts of the image are displayed in the Grid sections are reproduced. 5. Method for generating a movement sequence of a Object from a single still picture of the object, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each part of the object is scanned, which optionally in one or more Parts is subdivided to provide video signals representing each part which are then parameter input signals which are the size, shape, location and structure of the grid portion of each of the parts of the Determine that the parameter inputs are grouped to synchronize with the creation of the subject matter Video signals representing every part of the object, to generate temporally variable coordinate signals that define a grid section that the Intensity of the electron beam of an electron beam device can be modulated with the video signals that 409885/0718 _ ₉₄ _ represent each part of the object while simultaneously scanning the pattern of the electron beam with the Coordinate signals, which are created synchronously herewith, are aligned to each part of the object on a separate grid section, and that optionally certain selected parameter input signals can be changed over time to produce corresponding changes in the scanning patterns of the electron beam, the raster sections generated thereby and the parts of the To cause the object. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the changes in the parameter input signals can be controlled digitally. 7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the location parameters have parameters which the Define the angle of rotation of the grid sections, and that furthermore the angle of rotation parameters for certain selected grid sections can be changed over time to the angles of rotation of these grid sections with respect to the reference axes to change. - 95 - 409885/0718 8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that that by one of the scan pattern changes changes in the degree of deflection in the raster lines of the particular selected grid sections are created. 9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that that, in synchronization with the generation of the video signals, horizontal and vertical tilt signals with selected slopes are created as parts of the parameter input signals will. 10. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that that modulation signals are created and that the toggle signals with the modulation signals are optional be modulated. 11. Method for generating a sequence of movements of an image, the sequence being subdivided into frames between the initial and final limb, thereby characterized in that first sets of digital signals are generated which sample pattern parameters for the - 96 A09885 / 0718 The top image of the sequence representing that second sets created from digital signals Abstastmuster parameters represent the final image the result that more SMtze generated by digital signals, which use the digital parameter signals for the initial and the final image as the reference values which Represent scan pattern parameters for each intermediate frame according to the selected functions, which define the pattern of parameter change from frame to frame in the sequence, each set of digital signals in each frame reproducing a unique scan pattern that the digital signals of the respective sets in analog signals are converted so that a clear scan pattern is created from each first set of analog signals, the scan patterns from the first sets representing the mapping of the initial image, and that a clear scan pattern from each further set of analog parameter signals for each subsequent frame up to the final image of the sequence to create a series of images. - 97 - 409 885/07 1 8 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that that the parts of an object are reproduced, which in a selected number is divided by parts on the scanning patterns in each frame of the sequence. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that that by means of the beam of a video camera each part of the object is synchronized with the creation a scan pattern is scanned to provide video information representing each part of the object, whereby as many scanning patterns are generated per frame as there are parts of the object and that a moving sequence of the object is created from the scanning patterns and the video signals will. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that a record of the sequence is created will. - 98 - 409885/07 18 15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that that the digital signals are recorded which represent the scan pattern parameters, and in that the digital recording is reproduced to create the analog signals. 16. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that that the digital signals of each set are loaded sequentially into buffer memories, and that the digital signals of each set are simultaneously transferred from the buffer memories to form a sampling pattern to create. 17. A method for generating an image, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that horizontal and vertical tilt signals are generated which are rectilinear raster scans represent that sets of digital data are created with the digital data of each set Define parameters that represent the size, shape, position and structure of a grid section, - 99 409885/0718 that the digital data of each set are converted into analog parameter signals, that the analog parameter signals of each set and the toggle signals are summarized in a selected manner and order to to create time-varying coordinate signals representing a series of grid sections. 18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the coordinate signals to the beam deflection inputs a display device in the form of a cathode ray tube to display the image. 19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in, that video signals which divided each part into a selected number of parts Represent object, are generated synchronously with the generation of a raster section, and that the Intensity of the beam from the cathode ray tube is modulated with the video signals to produce a representation of the object, taking the size, shape and location of each part of the depicted - 99 409885/0718 Object can be determined by the size, shape and location of the grid section on which he is reproduced. 20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the beam intensity of the cathode ray tube compensated for changes in the size of the image and the speed of the light spot, when the beam scans. 21. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that modulation signals are generated and that the modulation signals are combined with certain selected analog parameter signals. 22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the digital parameter signals which Define selected grid sections. Have signals which the frequency, the phase, the amplitude and determine the waveform of the modulation signals. - 101 -409885/0718 - 1Ol - 23. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that that a modulation signal with a selected frequency, phase, amplitude and waveform is combined with the vertical tilt signal, to bend the lines of selected grid sections. 24. The method according to claim 21, characterized that a modulation signal with a selected frequency, phase, amplitude and waveform is combined with the horizontal tilt signal to change the speed at which the Grid lines of certain grid sections are drawn. 25. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that a modulation signal of a selected one Frequency, phase, amplitude and waveform is summarized with the analog parameter signals, which defines the depth of certain grid sections. 26. The method according to claim 21, characterized * that the generation of a modulation signal 409885/0718 - 102 - is synchronized with the generation of each line of a selected grid section. 27. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that the analog parameter signals are signals each representing the sine and cosine of angles by which selected grid sections are to be rotated with respect to a reference axis and that, furthermore, combinations of further analogous ones Parameter signals are combined with the sine and cosine parameter signals in order to achieve the rotate selected grid sections. 28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that some of the combinations of other analog Parameter signals combined with the sine and cosine parameter signals by combining of modulation signals with certain selected analog parameter signals are generated. - 1O3 - 409885/071 8 29. Computer-controlled movement system for generating a movement sequence, in particular for implementation of the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a digital computer, by means of applying to the digital computer digital data which certain parameters establish a representation for an initial image of the sequence by means of the digital computer To supply digital data, which specific parameters of the presentation for a final image of the sequence specify, by a further device assigned to the digital computer, to process the digital data on command automatically calculate the specific parameters of the display for each individual image between Specify the selected parameter change pattern according to the start and end image in the sequence, by a Means for converting the digital data into analog signals, and by means for combining of the analog signals to create signals representative of the motion sequence. 3O. System according to claim 29, characterized by a digital recording device, by a - 104 - 409885/0718 Means for recording the digital data indicating the parameters of the display for each frame set the sequence on the digital recording device and by a device for reproduction of the digital data on the digital recording device. 31. System according to claim 29, characterized by an object, by means for generating signals representing the object and by a Device responsive to the video signals and signals representing the sequence of movements, in order to create a sequence of movements for the object. 32. System according to claim 31, characterized by a device which acts on the video signals and responsive to signals representative of the sequence of movements to produce a color representation of the sequence of movements of the object. - 105 - 409885/0718 33. System according to claim 31, characterized by a device for blanking parts of the object, which are arranged behind other parts of the object. 34. System for generating time-varying Coordinate signals for generating a sequence of movements of an image on a display device, a film or video tape, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized by an analog circuit, by a device for generating horizontal and vertical Tilt signals, which represent rectilinear raster scans, by one associated with the analog circuit Circuit arrangement for time-variable coordinate signals present at the output, which have a represent certain grid section, from a given set of parameter signals and the input to generate applied tilt signals, the parameter signals the size, the shape, the position and the Determine the structure of the grid section by means of a digital input device for storage and transmission of digital data defining the parameters of each raster section to be formed by a device 40 9886/0718 for applying digital data to the digital input device to form each parameter of each To define the grid section, by a device for supplying digital data, which relates to the Parameters of each grid section to be formed by the digital input device in a predetermined order by means for converting the digital data from the digital input means into analog parameter signals, and by a device for applying the analog parameter signals and the toggle signals to the corresponding inputs of the analog circuit to the time generate variable coordinate signals representing a series of raster sections. 35. System according to claim 34, characterized by a device for generating video signals which represent each part of an object subdivided into a selected number of parts, the generation of the video signals for each part of the object with the generation of the time-varying, one Grid section representing coordinate signals is synchronized, and by a device that - 107 409885/071 8 on the video and coordinate signals to provide a representation of the movement sequence of the object speak to. 36. System according to claim 35, characterized in that the sequence consists of individual images and that each Video signals representing part of the object are generated during each frame. 37. System according to claim 35, characterized by a device for generating signals which the red, blue and green color coraponents for each part of the Represent the color assigned to the object, and through devices, which are responsive to the video signals, the coordinate signals and color component signals to produce a To create color representation of the moving object. 38. System according to claim 34, characterized by means for the number of lines in each grid section to determine. - 108 - 409885/0718 39. System according to claim 34, characterized by a device for rotating each grid section, around a selected axis of rotation. 40. System according to claim 39, characterized in that that the analog parameter input signals defining each raster section have signals which determine the size and the axis of rotation of the grid section, and that a device for automatic Compensation of the axis of rotation for changes in the size of the grid section are provided. 41. System according to claim 40, characterized in that that the size parameter signals are multiplied by the rotary axis parameter signals. 42. System according to claim 34, characterized by means for supplying the digital data in each Set of digital data in a prescribed order to the converting device, and by a device to simultaneously deliver the digital data in each set of digital data to the inputs of the analog circuit to transfer. - 109 409885/07 1 8 43. System for generating an image which is composed of one or more grid sections, each grid section being determined in terms of its size, shape, position and structure by analog parameter signals, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized by an analog circuit with coordinate outputs and parameter inputs, by a device assigned to the analog circuit for generating temporally variable coordinate signals at the outputs, which represent a grid section with a size> shape, position and structure that is defined by a set of analog Parameter signals at the input is determined by a device for generating the same number of sets of digital signals as there are raster sections forming the representation, each set of digital signals determining the parameters of a raster section and having at least as many digital signals as besides tuning parameters are present by means for loading the digital signals of each set in timed order into a series of coupling devices, starting with the set representing the first raster slice to be formed and proceeding in timed order to the set will, "409885/071" 8 - iio - which defines the last grid section to be formed, by means of a device, to simultaneously initiate the transmission initiate the digital signals from the coupling devices after the last of the series of coupling devices is loaded with a set of signals, by means for loading the digital signals of the next set into the coupling means as soon as the previous sentence of this is transmitted by means for converting the digital signals from the coupling devices into analog signals, and through a device for applying the analog signals Signals to the inputs of the analog circuit to time-variable coordinate signals to the outputs which sequentially represent the raster sections of the image. 44. Method for generating a sequence of movements of an object from still pictures of the object, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that that video signals are generated which represent each part of the object optionally in a or several parts is subdivided so that each of the parts of the object is on a separate grid section - 111 - 409885/0718 is reproduced, which is formed from parameter signals which determine the size, shape, location and structure, with the generation of each grid section is synchronized with the generation of the video signals representing the part of the object formed on the section represent that certain selected parameter signals are selectively changed over time to changes in certain selected grid sections to create corresponding changes in the reproduced parts of the object, and that optionally during the sequence the video signals can be changed to reflect different representations of the item. 45. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that the video signals are generated and modified and that during the sequence the representation of the object recorded by means of a video camera is optionally changed, the video signals being obtained from the output of the camera. 46. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that the video signals are generated and modified -112 - 409885/071 8 be that each still picture of the object with a Camera is picked up to provide signals representative of each image, and one from the video output Camera is switched to the video output of another camera in a selected manner during the sequence, the representation of the parts of the object that are reproduced on certain selected grid sections are to be changed accordingly during the episode. 47. Procedure for producing a sequence of movements of an object from still pictures of the object, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that each part of an image of the object is scanned, which is optionally divided into one or more parts, to generate video signals representing each part in an image so that parameter input signals are generated, which determine the size, shape, location and structure of a grid section for each part of the object specify that the parameter signals are grouped to synchronize with the generation of each part of the object representing video signals to generate temporally variable, a grid segment defining coordinate signals that the intensity of the - 113 - 409885/0718 Electron beam of an electron beam forming device with each of the parts of the article representing video signals is modulated while simultaneously the scanning pattern of the electron beam is aligned with the coordinate signals generated synchronously to each part of the object a separate grid section to form that certain selected parameter input signals in the course the time can optionally be changed to reflect corresponding changes in the scanning patterns of the electron beam, to create the grid sections generated in this way and the parts of the object formed thereby, and that the scanned representation is selectively changed during the sequence to produce video signals, which represent different views of the object to thereby, during the sequence, the representations of the on to selectively change selected grid sections formed parts of the object. 48. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that video signals which contain background information represent, are generated synchronously with the generation of the movement sequence of the object. '- 114 A09885 / 0718 2335786 49. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that that video signals are generated which represent background information for the sequence of movements, and that the video signals representing the background information are combined with the video signals that represent each part of the object to a sequence of movements of the object with Creating background. 50. The method according to claim 49, characterized in that parts of the representation that are behind others Parts of the representation are arranged to be blanked. 409885/071 8