DE202011104707U1 - Separating device for separating magnetizable recyclable material particles from a suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

Separating device (1 ', 1' ', 1' '') for separating magnetizable recyclable material particles from a suspension (100) further comprising non-magnetizable particles, wherein the separating device (1 ', 1' ', 1' '') a tubular or hollow cylindrical , by the suspension (100) permeable reactor (1a) having an inlet (1b) for the suspension (100) and an outlet opening (1c), wherein at the outer periphery of the reactor (1a) at least one magnetic field generating means (3) for generating a with at least one, the outlet opening (1c) associated and branched off from the reactor (1a) pipe (1d) for receiving a recyclable material stream (12) comprising predominantly the valuable material particles, characterized in that the Separating device (1 ', 1' ', 1' '') further comprises a feed arrangement (50, 50 ', 50' ') upstream of the inlet opening (1b) in the flow direction t, which is adapted to impart a swirling motion to the suspension (100) before entering the reactor (1a).

Description

The present invention relates to a separating device for separating magnetizable recyclable material particles from a suspension which also comprises non-magnetizable particles, wherein the separating device comprises a tubular or hollow cylindrical suspension-permeable reactor having an inlet for the suspension and an outlet opening, at least on the outer circumference of the reactor a magnetic field generating device for generating a time-varying Ablenkmagnetfelds, in particular a traveling magnetic field, is arranged, and having at least one, the outlet opening and branched off from the reactor pipe for receiving a recyclable material comprising predominantly the valuable material particles.

Separating devices of the type mentioned, which are also referred to as traveling field reactors, as well as their operation, are for example from the WO 2010/031613 A1 well known. They are used, in particular in mining, for the separation of magnetizable particles, also called magnetizable recyclable particles, from suspensions. Under magnetizable particles are understood in this case also those particles which are already magnetized. Magnetizable particles are formed, among other things, in ore processing when iron ore-bearing rock is ground to a small size. For separation of the mineral or valuable material to be recovered, for. B. magnetite (Fe ₃ O ₄ ), from the rock residue, z. As sand, the ground up rock is mixed with water and / or oil to form a suspension. In a traveling-field reactor, the suspension is separated into a residue stream containing predominantly unmagnetizable particles and at least one material stream containing predominantly magnetizable particles, utilizing a magnetization and a directed movement of the magnetizable particles in a magnetic field. For construction and detailed operation of a magnetic field generating device for generating a time-varying Ablenkmagnetfelds, in particular a traveling magnetic field, a separating device mentioned above is expressly to the WO 2010/031613 A1 directed.

The aim is to improve the degree of separation of valuable particles from suspensions by continuously improving such separators continuously.

The WO 2010/031613 A1 already describes, einzudösen the suspension via inclined inlet nozzles in a reactor, in which opposite to the aforementioned separation means, the magnetic field generating means is arranged centrally in the reactor. By the resulting centrifugal force, a separation of magnetizable and non-magnetizable particles, which have different density, should be supported in the suspension. However, since the use of discrete, obliquely positioned nozzles slows down the respective liquid jet of a nozzle in the surrounding, predominantly axially flowing medium or suspension, the remaining small centrifugal force effect results in only a very small separation of the heavy and the lighter particles. The use of inclined inlet nozzles hardly improves the separation result.

The invention has for its object to provide a separator, with the / a more effective separation of magnetizable and non-magnetizable particles is made possible.

The object is achieved for the separator for separating magnetisable particles from a suspension containing further non-magnetizable particles, wherein the separator comprises a tubular or hollow cylindrical, permeable by the suspension reactor having an inlet for the suspension and an outlet opening, wherein on the outer periphery of the reactor at least one magnetic field generating device for generating a time-varying Ablenkmagnetfelds, in particular a traveling magnetic field is arranged, and with at least one, the outlet opening and branched off from the reactor pipe for receiving a recyclable material comprising predominantly the recyclable particles by the separator further comprises one of the inlet opening in the flow direction upstream feed arrangement which is arranged to impart a swirling motion to the suspension prior to entering the reactor.

• – die Suspension in die Einspeiseeinrichtung eingeleitet wird, der Suspension eine Drallbewegung aufgeprägt wird, wobei sich die magnetisierbaren Wertstoffpartikel, welche eine größere Dichte aufweisen als die unmagnetisierbaren Partikel, in Richtung der Zentrifugalkraft bewegen,
• – die in Drallbewegung versetzte Suspension über die Eintrittsöffnung in den Reaktor eingeleitet wird, wobei die Suspension in Richtung der Austrittsöffnung wendelförmig um die Längsachse des Reaktors strömt, und wobei mittels der wenigstens einen Magnetfelderzeugungseinrichtung ein zeitlich veränderliches Ablenkmagnetfeld, insbesondere ein Wandermagnetfeld, parallel zur Längsachse des Reaktors erzeugt wird und ein Wertstoffstrom umfassend überwiegend die Wertstoffpartikel über die mindestens eine vom Reaktor abzweigende Rohrleitung abgetrennt wird.

A process for the separation of magnetizable recyclable material particles from a suspension containing furthermore non-magnetisable particles by means of a separating device according to the invention has proved itself by

• - The suspension is introduced into the feed device, the suspension is imparted a swirling motion, wherein the magnetizable recyclable material particles, which have a greater density than the non-magnetizable particles, move in the direction of centrifugal force,
• - The suspension is added in twisting motion via the inlet opening into the reactor, wherein the suspension in the direction of the outlet opening helically flows around the longitudinal axis of the reactor, and wherein by means of the at least one magnetic field generating means a time-varying deflection magnetic field, in particular a traveling magnetic field parallel to Longitudinal axis of the reactor is generated and a recyclable material comprising predominantly the recyclable material particles is separated via the at least one branching off from the reactor pipeline.

The separating device and the method have the advantage that the degree of separation of valuable particles from the suspension is increased in comparison with the use of a conventional magnetic field generating device generating a time-varying deflection magnetic field, in particular a traveling magnetic field. The feed arrangement, which is arranged upstream of the inlet opening of the reactor in the flow direction, causes the suspension as a whole to swirl, so that the particles of material having a greater density than the non-magnetizable particles increasingly accumulate in the region of the wall of the reactor due to the centrifugal force acting. Due to the arrangement of the magnetic field generating device on the outer circumference of the reactor, the magnetic attraction and the centrifugal force acting on the magnetizable recyclable material particles act in the same direction and therefore improve the separation result significantly. The valuable particles are actively transported in the direction of the magnetic attraction and the separation effect of the magnetic field generating device for the valuable particles from the suspension is significantly improved.

The feed arrangement is dimensioned in particular such that the residence time of the suspension therein is shorter or at most equal to the residence time in the reactor. Preferably, the length of the feed arrangement is in the range of 5 to 20% of the length of the reactor seen in the direction of the reactor longitudinal axis. In particular, the residence time of the suspension in the feed arrangement continues to be in the range of 5 to 20% of the residence time in the reactor.

It has proven useful if the feed arrangement comprises a feed pipe arranged coaxially to a longitudinal axis of the reactor, in which at least one helical flow guide device is arranged. Depending on the configuration of the helix in terms of pitch, number of flights and flight depth, the flow rate of suspension through the feed device, the inlet angle and the inlet velocity of the suspension can be changed in the reactor.

Furthermore, it has proven useful if the feed arrangement comprises a coaxial with a longitudinal axis of the reactor arranged funnel with a circular cross-section which tapers in the direction of the inlet opening to an inlet diameter, and with a Suspensionszuführleitung which opens tangentially to the circumference of the funnel in this.

Due to the tangential feeding of the suspension, this is set in the hopper in a twisting motion and transported helically in the direction of the reactor.

Furthermore, it is also possible to use a feed arrangement upstream of the reactor, which instead of the funnel has a straight tube into which tangentially at least one inclined suspension feed line opens.

Alternatively, it has proven useful if the feed arrangement comprises a feed tube arranged coaxially to a longitudinal axis of the reactor, the inner wall of which has spin-generating, three-dimensional structures. Depending on the configuration of the structures with regard to number, arrangement, orientation and size, the flow rate of suspension through the feed device, the inlet angle and the inlet velocity of the suspension into the reactor can also be influenced here.

In particular, it has proven useful if the three-dimensional structures are arranged so movable in the feed tube, so that their spatial arrangement and / or orientation can be changed manually or automatically. In particular, the arrangement and / or orientation of the structures is set as a function of the content of valuable particles in the material stream and / or in the suspension. Among other things, it is possible to influence the residence time of the suspension in the feed arrangement.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the separating device further comprises at least one analysis unit, by means of which a content of valuable material particles in the material stream and / or in the suspension can be determined. If both the content of valuable particles in the stream of material and in the suspension are known, the degree of separation of valuable particles from the suspension can also be determined therefrom in the at least one analysis unit. With a substantially constant content of valuable particles in the suspension can be dispensed with a determination of this content. If the content of valuable particles in the suspension varies greatly, an online determination of this actual content of valuable particles in the suspension is optimal. It may be an analysis unit that performs an optical evaluation or ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy. It is also possible to use an evaluation based on magnetic resonance imaging in which a weight-acceptance-weighted imaging takes place. Furthermore, an X-ray fluorescence analysis known per se can be used to determine the instantaneous recyclable content, in particular the instantaneous recyclable material stream.

Preferably, the separating device further comprises a control device, which is set up to effect a change in the orientation and / or arrangement of the movable three-dimensional structures in the feed arrangement, depending on the determined content of valuable particles in the valuable stream and / or in the suspension.

The use of a separating device according to the invention for the separation of magnetizable recyclable material particles from a suspension comprising ore rock particles as solid component is ideal. In particular, a suspension comprising ground ore with a density of typically 2600 kg / m ³ is processed by means of the separating device according to the invention. The ore rock preferably comprises valuable minerals containing copper, combined with magnetic material, for example magnetite, having a density of the valuable mineral compound of about 5000 kg / m ³ . However, it is also possible to separate off most of the other valuable minerals known from mining with the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention from the surrounding deaf rock, in particular also noble metals or their compounds. In particular, non-magnetic valuable components are separable by these are selectively hydrophobized by the addition of suitable chemical aids. Known aids here are, for example, xanthates, as they are widely used in flotation. In a corresponding manner, the magnetizable recyclable material particles are also hydrophobized, whereby they are specifically stored together to form larger agglomerates. The remaining rock particles continue to float freely in the suspension.

The 1 to 6 show by way of example known and inventive separation devices. So shows

1 schematically a separator according to the prior art in partial longitudinal section;

2 schematically a first separating device according to the invention in partial longitudinal section;

3 schematically a second separation device according to the invention in partial longitudinal section.

4 schematically a third separation device according to the invention in partial longitudinal section.

5 schematically a fourth separating device according to the invention in partial longitudinal section, and

6 schematic fifth invention a fifth separation device in partial longitudinal section with a displacement body.

1 schematically shows an already known separating device 1 for separating magnetizable recyclable material particles from a suspension 100 containing non-magnetizable particles. The known separation device 1 comprises a tubular or hollow cylindrical, from the suspension 100 permeable reactor 1a with an entrance opening 1b for suspension 100 and an exit opening 1c , wherein at the outer periphery of the reactor 1a a magnetic field generating device 3 for generating a time-varying deflection magnetic field, here a traveling magnetic field, parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 ' of the reactor 1a is arranged. The separator 1 further comprises at least one, the outlet opening 1c assigned and from the reactor 1a branching pipeline 1d for receiving the separated recyclable material stream 12 predominantly comprising the valuable particles.

The magnetic field generating device 3 comprises a cylindrical laminated yoke 3a made of iron, which is the reactor 1a surrounds. Between one in the reactor 1a arranged optional displacement body 2 , which is the volume of the reactor 1a for receiving suspension 100 downsized, and the yoke 3a here arises a channel 4 passing through the reactor wall 5 of the reactor 1a from the yoke surrounding it 3a is separated. The yoke 3a also points to the channel 4 circumferential grooves 6 in which equidistant spaced solenoid coils 7 a coil arrangement 8th are arranged, whose turns are circumferential, so the channel 4 enclose. The displacement body 2 can also be omitted here, leaving the interior of the rector 1a free and the complete cross section of the reactor 1a from the suspension 100 can be flowed through. However, this is the diameter of the reactor 1a reduced to a maximum of about 50 to 100 mm to the flowing through suspension 100 be able to treat completely.

In the channel 4 is in the known separator 1 continuously, for example by means indicated here feed 9 , the suspension 100 introduced with, for example, introduced in water as a carrier liquid magnetizable and non-magnetizable particles. Purpose of the known separating device 1 it is this, with continuous Durchstroms of the suspension 100 through the channel 4 split into at least one magnetic and at least one non-magnetic particles containing part, which at the end of the channel 4 through a separating element 10 , in this case a diaphragm 11 , happens, using the arrows 12 the magnetic fraction or the material flow and the arrows 13 characterize the non-magnetic component or waste stream.

The continuous operation of the known separation device 1 is due to a certain energization of the coil assembly 8th allows, where For this purpose, a control device 14 that with the coil arrangement 8th via control lines 14 ' connected, serves. These are in this case 36 Do the washing up 7 , which are not all shown for clarity, divided into three period groups with a number of coils of 12 coils, where a period group 15 in 1 is marked. The connections 20 between the coils 7 or within a coil group 15 are shown schematically. By appropriate energization of the individual coils 7 will be in the channel 4 how in detail the WO 2010/031613 A1 can be seen, generates a traveling wave, the gaps, that is, field-free areas, comprising the entire length of the channel 4 sweep. That means that in the direction of the longitudinal axis 4 ' of the canal 4 or the reactor 1a seen each cross-sectional area of the channel 4 is switched field-free at certain time intervals, so that magnetizable recyclable particles, which may be on the reactor wall 5 have dissolved and dissolve with the suspension 100 can be washed away. This allows a particularly low-maintenance operation of the separator 1 ,

2 now shows schematically a first separating device according to the invention 1' in partial longitudinal section. The reactor 1a here contains no displacement body and the magnetic field generating device 3 and the control device 14 are shown simplified. The first separating device according to the invention 1' includes one of the inlet opening 1b in the flow direction upstream feed arrangement 50 which is set up, the suspension 100 before entering the reactor 1a to impose a twisting motion. The feed arrangement 50 includes a coaxial with the longitudinal axis 4 ' arranged feed pipe 51 in which a helical flow guide 52 is arranged. The helical flow guide 52 includes a rod 52a concentric in the feed tube 51 is arranged, and further vanes 52b that is between the rod 52a and the inner wall of the feed pipe 51 extend.

Will the suspension 100 in the feed arrangement 50 introduced (see arrow), so this flows through the helical turns of the flow guide 52 towards the reactor 1a , Through the entrance opening 1b the suspension occurs 100 in the reactor 1a and moves due to the imposed twist helically in the direction of the outlet opening 1c and the pipeline 1d , In this case, the valuable particles, which have a greater density than the non-magnetizable particles or the remaining suspension, move in the direction of the centrifugal force. By means of the magnetic field generating device 3 At the same time a time-varying deflection magnetic field, here a traveling magnetic field, is generated, which acts in the same direction as the centrifugal force. The valuable particles of the suspension 100 accumulate in the area of the reactor wall 5 on and a recyclable material stream 12 Predominantly the recyclable material can pass through the pipeline 1b be separated. In the waste stream 13 By contrast, predominantly the non-magnetizable particles are located.

3 now shows schematically a second separating device according to the invention 1'' in partial longitudinal section. The reactor 1a here also contains no displacement body and the magnetic field generating device 3 and the control device 14 are shown simplified. The second separation device according to the invention 1'' includes one of the inlet opening 1b in the flow direction upstream feed arrangement 50 ' which is set up, the suspension 100 before entering the reactor 1a to impose a twisting motion. The feed arrangement 50 ' includes a coaxial with the longitudinal axis 4 ' arranged funnels 53 with a circular cross-section, extending in the direction of the inlet opening 1b to an inlet opening diameter of the inlet opening 1b rejuvenated. Furthermore, the feed arrangement comprises 50 ' a suspension feed line 54 which are tangent to the circumference of the funnel 53 in this opens. Will the suspension 100 in the feed arrangement 50 ' initiated (see arrow), it flows through the funnel 55 helical towards the reactor 1a , Through the entrance opening 1b the suspension occurs 100 in the reactor 1a and moves due to the imposed twist helically in the direction of the outlet opening 1c and the pipeline 1d , In this case, the valuable particles, which have a greater density than the non-magnetizable particles or the remaining suspension, move in the direction of the centrifugal force. By means of the magnetic field generating device 3 simultaneously becomes a time-varying deflection magnetic field, here a traveling magnetic field, parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 ' of the reactor 1a which acts in the same direction as the centrifugal force. The valuable particles of the suspension 100 accumulate in the area of the reactor wall 5 on and a recyclable material stream 12 Predominantly the recyclable material can pass through the pipeline 1b be separated. In the waste stream 13 By contrast, predominantly the non-magnetizable particles are located.

4 now shows schematically a third separating device according to the invention 1''' in partial longitudinal section. The reactor 1a also here contains no displacement body and the magnetic field generating device 3 and the control device 14 are shown simplified. The third separation device according to the invention 1''' includes one of the inlet opening 1b in the flow direction upstream feed arrangement 50 '' which is set up, the suspension 100 before entering the reactor 1a to put in a twisting motion. The feed arrangement 50 '' includes a coaxial with the longitudinal axis 4 ' arranged feed pipe 51 ' whose inner wall spin-producing, three-dimensional structures 55 having.

The three-dimensional structures 55 are in their orientation and / or arrangement in the feed pipe 51 ' changeable by moving around a pivot point 56 are pivotally mounted (see double arrow). Also an additional shifting of the three-dimensional structures 55 in the feed pipe 51 ' is possible as an alternative. For a better overview, the orientation of the three-dimensional structures arranged on the cut-out wall side and therefore not visible in this illustration is shown in dotted representation 55 in the feed pipe 51 ' characterized, which are also pivotable. By pivoting the three-dimensional structures 55 becomes the helical flow path that enters the feed tube 51 ' abandoned suspension 100 travels in it, changed.

The third separator 1''' further comprises at least one analysis unit 60 , By means of which the content of valuable material particles in the stream 12 , optionally still in the suspension 100 , is determinable. The analysis unit 60 is here with a control device shown schematically 70 which is set up, by means of the analysis unit 60 determined actual content of valuable particles, a change in the orientation and / or arrangement of the three-dimensional structures 55 in the feed pipe 51 ' to effect. The control device 70 includes for this purpose at least one servomotor, not shown. So can quickly and easily the arrangement and / or orientation of the three-dimensional structures 55 be changed so that at a known content of valuable particles in the suspension 100 an optimal degree of separation of valuable particles from the suspension 100 is achieved.

Will the suspension 100 in the feed arrangement 50 '' introduced (see arrow), so this flows helically in the direction of the reactor 1a , Through the entrance opening 1b the suspension occurs 100 in the reactor 1a and moves due to the imposed twist helically in the direction of the outlet opening 1c and the pipeline 1d , The recyclable particles move in the suspension 100 , which have a greater density than the non-magnetizable particles, in the direction of centrifugal force. By means of the magnetic field generating device 3 simultaneously becomes a time-varying deflection magnetic field, here a traveling magnetic field, parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 ' of the reactor 1a which acts in the same direction as the centrifugal force. The valuable particles accumulate in the area of the inner wall of the reactor 1a on and the recyclable material 12 Predominantly the recyclable material can pass through the pipeline 1b be separated.

In the waste stream 13 By contrast, predominantly the non-magnetizable particles are located.

In 5 now becomes a fourth separator 111 shown in partial longitudinal section, which is a flow-calming feed arrangement 500 having. Same reference numerals as in 2 identify similar elements. The feed arrangement 500 includes a feed pipe 51 '' and is with flow guides 52 ' in the form of here only indicated channels provided, which extend in an in the circumferential direction (azimuthal) applied angle, thus thus have a helical or helical course. This will be in the area of the inlet opening 1b the fourth separator 111 not just a flow-calmed, almost laminar flow of the suspension 100 but additionally produces a hydrocyclone-like turbulent flow in the azimuthal direction. As a result, heavy particles, in particular valuable particles, in addition to the magnetic effect by means of centrifugal forces, preferably in the vicinity of the reactor wall of the reactor 1a driven, where they are particularly easily detected by the magnetic traveling field, concentrated, transported and separated. The suspension 100 flows, in the region of the inlet opening 1b in a twisting motion, on a helical flow path 80 through the reactor 1a , By this measure, the yield of valuable materials in the separation process compared to the prior art is significantly increased, it must be applied to increase the yield no stronger magnetic field and it will also be no higher energy input needed. The waste stream 13 will be in the center of the reactor 1a discharged, the recyclable material 12 becomes laterally at the edge of the reactor 1a discharged separately.

In 6 is another embodiment of a fifth separator 111 ' analogous to the in 5 shown in partial longitudinal section. Same reference numerals as in 5 identify similar elements. The fifth separator 111 ' in 6 is different from the one in 5 especially in that on the one hand a displacement body 2 is provided, in the center of the cylinder-shaped reactor 1a is arranged. furthermore also has the fifth separator 111 ' to 6 a flow-calming feed arrangement 500 ' on, which in turn is a feed tube 51 and flow directors 52 '' in the form of only schematically illustrated channels through which the suspension 100 , illustrated by the arrow at the top of the separator 111 ' , calmed and put into twisting motion. The feeding device 500 ' in 6 is different from the one in 5 only in that the channels in an upper area of the feed arrangement 500 ' parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 ' of the reactor 1a run. In a lower area of the feed structure 500 ' then sets the azimuthal course of the channels, which is the helical or helical flow path 80 the suspension 100 in the reactor 1a entails.

The illustrated separation devices according to the invention are merely exemplary embodiments of the invention. A person skilled in the art, however, is readily able to provide further separation devices without departing from the inventive concept. Thus, in the reactor of each separation device according to the invention at least one displacement body can be arranged, which can also be designed so that the helical movement of the suspension in the reactor is still supported by the shape of the displacement body. Furthermore, other shaped or arranged Strömungsleiteinrichtungen or three-dimensional structures, etc. may be provided to impart a twist to the suspension in the feed arrangement. The removal of the material stream or the waste stream may differ constructively from the arrangement shown, etc. Also, a combination of the feed arrangement comprising a funnel with a flow guide or three-dimensional structures that can be installed in the funnel is readily possible.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2010/031613 A1 [0002, 0002, 0004, 0029]

Claims (7)

Separating device ( 1' . 1'' . 1''' ) for separating magnetizable recyclable material particles from a suspension ( 100 ) further comprising non-magnetisable particles, wherein the separating device ( 1' . 1'' . 1''' ) a tubular or hollow cylindrical, of the suspension ( 100 ) throughflowable reactor ( 1a ) with an inlet opening ( 1b ) for the suspension ( 100 ) and an exit opening ( 1c ), wherein at the outer periphery of the reactor ( 1a ) at least one magnetic field generating device ( 3 ) is arranged for generating a time-varying deflection magnetic field, in particular a traveling magnetic field, and with at least one, the outlet opening ( 1c ) and from the reactor ( 1a ) branching pipeline ( 1d ) for receiving a recyclable material stream ( 12 ) comprising predominantly the valuable material particles, characterized in that the separating device ( 1' . 1'' . 1''' ) further one of the inlet opening ( 1b ) in the flow direction upstream feed arrangement ( 50 . 50 ' . 50 '' ), which is set up, the suspension ( 100 ) before entering the reactor ( 1a ) impart a twisting motion. Separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed arrangement ( 50 ) coaxial with a longitudinal axis ( 4 ' ) of the reactor ( 1a ) arranged feed pipe ( 51 ), in which at least one helical flow-guiding device ( 52 ) is arranged. Separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed arrangement ( 50 ' ) coaxial with a longitudinal axis ( 4 ' ) of the reactor ( 1a ) arranged funnel ( 53 ) having a circular cross-section extending in the direction of the inlet opening ( 1b ) is tapered to an inlet opening diameter, and with a suspension feed line ( 54 ), which are tangent to the circumference of the funnel ( 53 ) flows into this. Separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed arrangement ( 50 '' ) coaxial with a longitudinal axis ( 4 ' ) of the reactor ( 1a ) arranged feed pipe ( 51 ' ) whose inner wall is spin-producing, three-dimensional structures ( 55 ) having. Separating device according to claim 4, characterized in that the three-dimensional structures ( 55 ) in their orientation and / or arrangement in the feed tube ( 51 ' ) are changeable. Separating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises at least one analysis unit ( 60 ), by means of which a content of valuable material particles in the material stream ( 12 ) and / or the suspension ( 100 ) is determinable. Separating device according to claim 6, characterized in that it further comprises a control device ( 70 ), which is set up, depending on the content of valuable particles in the material stream ( 12 ) and / or in the suspension ( 100 ) a change in the orientation and / or arrangement of the three-dimensional structures ( 55 ) to effect.

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