DE202010015254U1 - Control device for controlling an energy allocation and device for providing electrical energy to a building-associated consumer group - Google Patents

Abstract

Control device (15) for controlling an allocation of electrical energy to a building-associated consumer network (2) with at least one electrical load (3 to 7), wherein the consumer network (2) by an electrical energy regenerative energy generating plant (12) and / or from a public power supply network (11) can be supplied with electrical energy,
- With a first processing unit (15 a), which is designed for processing signals containing information about a currently available plant energy amount of the system (12), and
- With a second processing unit (15b), which is designed for processing signals containing information about the requirement of consuming a consumer energy amount operating at least one electrical load (3 to 7) of the consumer group (2), and
- With a delay unit (15d) which is designed so that in the presence of a request for consuming a consumer energy consumption of a building consumers (3 to 7) of the consumer group (2) the operation of the consumer (3 to 7) automatically controlled at least so long...

Description

The invention relates to a control device for controlling an allocation of electrical energy to a building-associated consumer network with at least one electrical load, in which electrical energy is generated by a building-associated system of regenerative energy. The generated electrical energy can be at least partially fed into a public and thus not building-related energy supply network. An electrical consumer of the consumer group can be supplied by the plant and / or the power grid with electrical energy. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for providing electrical energy to a building-associated consumer network with a corresponding control device.

In modern building technology, photovoltaic systems are used that generate electrical energy from sunlight. The electricity generated is usually fed to a large extent in the public power grid. For this purpose, there are currently agreements in which the operators of the building-related installations and thus for example private operators receive a so-called feed-in tariff.

In addition, more modern plants are known in which a portion of the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system is consumed by building consumers themselves. Such consumption is referred to as self-consumption. The self-consumption refers to the rate that is proportionately consumed by the total amount of electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system of a building-associated electrical consumer network itself. However, due to the current design and operation of the facilities, this rate is low and currently at most 30%.

Since, on the one hand, the feed-in tariff will be reduced in future and the energy management of building-related consumers should be more effective, the current situation is unsatisfactory.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device for controlling an allocation of electrical energy to a building-associated consumer group, as well as a device for controlling such an allocation, with which the self-consumption of a trained for the conversion of renewable energy into electrical energy systems is increased and thus the increase in the rate of electricity generated by the system and consumed by the building-related consumer group itself is achieved.

The object is solved by the features of the independent claims.

A control device according to the invention is designed to control an allocation of electrical energy to a building-associated consumer group with at least one electrical load, wherein the consumer group is supplied by an electrical energy from regenerative energy generating system and / or from a public power grid with electrical energy. The control device comprises at least one first processing unit which is designed to process signals containing information about a currently available plant energy quantity of the system. The control device further comprises a second processing unit, which is designed to process signals containing information about the requirement of consuming a consumer energy amount operating at least one electrical consumer of the consumer group. The control device further comprises a delay unit, which is designed so that, in the presence of a request for consuming a consumer energy consumption of a building-associated consumer of the consumer group, the operation of the consumer is automatically controlled at least as long delayed until the currently available in particular equipment Energy amount exceeds a predetermined amount of energy threshold.

It can be provided that the consumer units are arranged in a common unit. In particular, it can also be provided that the two consumer units and the delay unit are formed by a common unit.

In a particularly advantageous manner, it is provided that the control unit has means or units which are designed to carry out specific sequences for controlling the deceleration, in particular with regard to their extension or their demolition. In this context, in particular, the control processes for carrying out the delay, extending the delay, determining the transit time and terminating the delay are provided. In particular, the electrical consumers are also controlled with regard to their sequence of operation and with regard to the allocation of energy for their operation on the one hand from the plant and / or the public energy supply network and / or a building-assigned energy storage.

In particular, the control device has means with which the processes explained below in the description can be controlled.

In addition to the processing units and the delay unit, the control device may advantageously have at least one evaluation unit and / or a decision unit and / or an expected value determination unit and / or a memory unit. Further units can be provided.

With regard to the optional indication that a delay of a requested basic operation start of at least one consumer or the continuation of an interrupted operation of a consumer can take place, it is to be understood that the delay function is basically present and possible or is. In a primary embodiment, it may be provided that the deceleration of the operation, as it is to be understood in the context of the invention, is only dependent on the specification of whether the plant energy quantity at the time of the operating request is smaller than the energy amount threshold value and if Thus, the operation is delayed, in particular until the system energy amount exceeds the energy level threshold again. However, it can also be provided that, on the basis of user specifications and / or at least one further decision criterion, no delay takes place at the time of the operating request, even if the system energy quantity is less than or equal to the energy quantity threshold value at the time of a consumer's operating request is.

The operating requirement of a consumer has occurred in particular in a phase in which the system energy amount was already smaller than the energy quantity threshold value.

In the context of the invention, a building association is defined as a defined assignment of the consumers to a residential unit delimited from other residential units. A residential unit may be, for example, a private apartment, a private residence or may also be commercially used living spaces. For example, if such a system installed on a roof of a specified building, such as a residential building, an office building or agricultural stables, or even on a proportionately privately used garden or agricultural field, this building allocation is given in the understanding of the present invention, inter alia ,

Under building associated consumers are thus understood in particular those who are used or arranged only in or to this building. For example, it may be provided here that household appliances of a building are regarded as such building-associated consumers.

With regard to the current amount of electrical system energy that can be supplied to the system, this relates in particular to the amount of energy that is currently being generated directly by the system. In addition to or instead of this, the currently available electrical system energy quantity can also include the amount of energy that has been stored temporarily in an energy store associated with the building, in which at least a proportion of the electrical energy previously generated by the system has been stored.

With regard to the required amount of electrical consumer energy, this relates in particular to the currently required amount of electrical consumer energy of the building-associated consumer group.

With regard to the concept of delaying an energy-consuming operation of the consumer, both the delaying of a fundamental starting of the requested operation is understood from the beginning.

However, this also means that an already energy-consuming operation of the consumer was started and then interrupted. The delay is then in the extension of the interruption. The interruption may have been due to various factors. It can be provided that the interruption also takes place as a function of the system energy quantity. For this purpose, a specific underflow value of the plant energy quantity can be specified. For example, then the interruption can take so long until the system energy amount exceeds a predetermined value again, in particular, for example, exceeds the energy level threshold again. Again, this is a delay in the context of the present invention. Quite generally, it should also be mentioned here that, depending on the situation, a consumer can either be operated entirely with energy from the energy supply network or completely with electrical energy from the installation. It is also possible that the energy consumption of the operated consumer is at least partially covered by energy from the power grid and proportionately by energy from the plant. With regard to deceleration, this concerns processes in which, in the deceleration phase, the consumer delayed in operation, in particular, consumes no energy.

By the method according to the invention, the self-consumption rate can be compared conventional known operations and devices can be increased and can even be increased to values above 60%, in particular well above 60%. This refers to devices that are comparable, for example, in terms of performance of the system, number and type of consumers, etc.

It is particularly advantageous that the electrical energy from sunlight is generated by a building-associated system designed as a photovoltaic system. Especially with this type of regenerative energy, it is not possible due to the uncontrollable conditions of the daily routine and meteorological influences that always and permanently continuously electrical energy is generated by the system. Since the times in which electrical energy is supplied by the photovoltaic system and the times in which electrical consumers of the consumer network are operated, do not always cover precisely in such specified systems, this can be adapted to each other by the deceleration operation according to the invention and thus the self-consumption rate will be increased.

In principle, however, the method according to the invention can also be applied to other systems which generate electrical energy from regenerative energy. In particular, this relates to such regenerative energy that naturally and due to meteorological influences not permanently and above all, not exactly predictable electrical energy supply or their regenerative energy is not controllable by humans available. For example, this also applies to wind turbines.

Preferably, it is provided that after exceeding the amount of energy threshold, the operating time delay of the consumer is terminated and the system energy amount is at least partially allocated to the at least one electrical load for its operation.

In particular, it can thus be provided that the other required operation of the consumer is started immediately without further delay after the energy quantity threshold value has been exceeded, or the previously interrupted operation is continued. With regard to the continuation of an interrupted operation, the previous interruption may have been due to various factors. For example, this may have been to the effect that the value of the plant energy amount has fallen below the energy quantity threshold value. In addition to or instead of this, however, a multiplicity of further factors which, in addition, may even be independent of the plant energy quantity value, can take place.

In view of the energy-consuming operation of an electrical consumer after the energy quantity threshold value has been exceeded by the amount of plant energy, this can then be carried out until the end of the required operating time. Thus, it can thus be provided, for example, that the then performed operation of the consumer is carried out completely without further interruption until its end. This can then, for example, also be carried out independently of whether the system energy amount falls again at least once in the course of operation of the consumer below the energy level threshold. Thus, it may be provided in this context that then automatically and continuously the operation of the consumer is continued.

If it is not possible for the total amount of energy consumed by the consumer to be covered by the installation, the required remainder energy will be obtained from the public energy network.

However, it can also be provided that the started or continued energy-consuming operation of the consumer is then interrupted or interrupted again, depending on one or more decision factors may be the case.

In a further alternative embodiment, it may be provided that, after the energy quantity threshold value has been exceeded by the system energy quantity, the operation of the consumer is further delayed as a function of at least one delay extension decision criterion. In such an embodiment, it is then even provided that even if the amount of energy threshold is exceeded, the starting of the requested operation or the continuation of an interrupted operation is not performed and in this regard, a further delay occurs. In addition to safety-critical aspects, this can include further conditions, which are also specified below.

Some exemplary decision criteria may be that initially it is still to be seen how the course of the system energy quantity develops within a predefinable time interval after the energy quantity threshold value has been exceeded by the system energy quantity. Values of less than one hour, in particular, for example, less than 20 minutes, can be considered here as the time interval. This can in particular on the one hand depending on the amount of energy threshold itself but also on the difference to the System power amount exceeds the power level threshold. In particular, when the operation of several energy-consuming consumers is pending, this consideration of the criteria may be interesting. Especially when these consumers are to be operated with regard to further criteria, such as a priority list or the like and / or overlap in terms of their operating lives over much of their operating time and / or operating times are relatively similar and thus the total energy needs of consumers is very high, this can be crucial for an energy allocation with respect to the slope of the self-consumption quota.

Just when, after exceeding the energy level threshold by the plant energy level value, a further delay at least one operation of a requested electrical consumer is completed, can be provided in particular that the generated amount of energy plant is at least partially fed into a building energy storage at least temporarily , This is particularly advantageous in that then, although after a further delay, the operation of one or more requested electrical loads then started or continued, not only from the time the generated power plant amount can be made available, but also in the meantime in the Energy storage stored system energy can be provided. This also contributes extremely positively to increasing the self-consumption rate.

Further specific decision criteria as to why a further delay can be carried out even after the energy quantity threshold value has been exceeded by the plant energy quantity will be specified later.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the delay of the operation of the at least one consumer is aborted before the energy quantity threshold value is exceeded by the amount of plant energy and the operation of the consumer is carried out if at least one abort decision criterion is fulfilled during the deceleration. Thus, in particular for safety requirements to be taken into account or safety-critical phases that arise, such an interruption of the delay can take place. In such scenarios, then either the safety in the foreground before increasing the self-consumption rate or user interests can take precedence. In addition, it can also be provided, for example, that when the delay exceeds a predefinable time duration and thus the delay operation would be too long, an abort can also take place in this context. This is of interest, for example, if the operation of the delay is requested in a season-dependent and / or time-of-day-dependent manner in which the energy quantity threshold value can not be exceeded by the plant's energy quantity for a relatively long time, and more Criteria are met.

Such an abort time interval can be several minutes to several hours.

Furthermore, it can be provided that, when the energy-consuming operation of the at least one consumer is performed, the time period for how long the operation is carried out is determined depending on at least one transit time decision criterion. Thus, when the value of the plant energy quantity exceeds the energy quantity threshold value, the operation is carried out immediately or, if appropriate delayed by a further time delay, started at some point or the interruption is canceled, in which case further testing is carried out continuously or at discrete time intervals, whether runtime decision criteria are met and then in turn an interruption of the operation takes place. Alternatively, it can be provided that, when it is determined that the operation is started or the interruption is canceled, is set with the start or cancellation of the operation or possibly even in advance, how long the energy-consuming operation is performed. In particular, in this regard, the power consuming operation is set for a period of time shorter than the time required to complete the operation. This can also be done on the basis of different criteria, which will be explained in more detail later. In particular, this can in turn also be carried out by security requirements or, in particular, by other consumers of the consumer group to be operated, in which case this can take place, for example, on the basis of a priority list of these consumers to be operated.

In a further advantageous procedure, it can be provided that for a system energy amount greater than a required total amount of energy of the consumer or the plurality of consumers to be operated whose operation request has already been requested or already running operation was interrupted, determined depending on at least one delivery decision criterion is, which proportion of the system energy amount is stored in a building energy storage associated and / or what proportion is fed into the public power grid. This can also be varied and result in a wide variety of scenarios that enable consumers to control the required businesses in such an intelligent way that the self-consumption rate is significantly increased.

Preferably, the number of consumers of a building-associated consumer group is taken into account as a decision criterion. This can be taken into account as a delay extension decision criterion and / or as a termination decision criterion and / or as a transit time decision criterion and / or as a delivery decision criterion. If the number of consumers is high, the likelihood that their operation is desired or required increases and the amount of energy required thereby increases as well. The number of consumers thus indicates an individual parameter with which a delay extension and / or a termination of the delay and / or the delivery of generated energy in a building-assigned energy storage and / or in the public power grid can be individually set in terms of time and / or quantity ,

An additional or individual other parameter or decision criterion is the total energy demand of one or more building-associated consumers. If very energy-intensive consumers are present, it may be provided, for example, that their requested operation, or possibly their expected operation, leads to a delay extension even if, in particular, several such energy-intensive consumers should be operated at least temporarily. In principle, however, it can then also be provided that the plant energy quantity is stored to the greatest possible extent in the energy storage, so that the largest possible proportion is available for this energy-intensive and / or with a large number then to be operated consumers. Likewise, this decision criterion is also for the possibly to be carried out run time specification for a consumer who started subsequently or whose interrupted operation is to be continued, considered and the consumer is then always at least partially supplied in this predetermined period with a system energy.

Furthermore, as a decision criterion, in addition to or instead of the criteria mentioned above, an operating priority list of the building-related consumers can be specified and taken into account. For example, as a parameter for such a prioritization, a user profile which is specified individually by a user and is set to his requirement profile can be taken into account. In addition, in addition to or instead of the priority list can also be based on the energy consumption of individual consumers, for example, the most energy-intensive has the highest priority. However, it can also be provided that the one with the lowest amount of energy consumption has the highest priority. The priority list may also be based on what security requirements are required for the operation of each consumer. For example, here the device that has the highest priority, which, once it has been started, must carry out its operation without interruption until the end of operation. As a further parameter for the priority list, for example, the order in which the requirements of the desired operations of several consumers have occurred in time, are taken into account. Thus, for example, it may be provided that the operation of a consumer which is first requested in terms of time is then also at the top of the list of priorities and then also operated first and supplied with at least partial energy from the plant's energy quantity. These possible parameters mentioned here for establishing a priority list of the building-associated consumers are not conclusive and, of course, further criteria and parameters can be taken into account in order to establish such a priority list.

As a further decision criterion, it is possible to take into account a consumer's energy consumption, which is to be expected in particular in future operation, and / or an energy consumption of the entire consumer group to be expected in particular in future operation. If, due to the requirement profile, it is known which consumers are to be operated in the future, and their operations may possibly still be delayed due to the energy quantity threshold being exceeded by the plant energy quantity, then a delay extension period and / or an interruption of the delay and / or a delay Runtime specification and / or a delivery of the system energy amount in the energy storage and / or the public power grid made depending on these expected values. The establishments to be carried out are predictable with a certain probability value on the basis of the operation of one or more consumers which is directly requested by a user and / or of automatically prescribed premises, for example by permanent programming in a building system, of consumers. With regard to the determination of an expected energy consumption, this can be done, for example, by averaging of several preceding operations of a specific consumer and / or of the entire consumer group. In addition or instead of this, for example However, only on the basis of the last stored detected operation of a consumer and / or the consumer group done.

As a further separate decision criterion, the number of consumers operated and / or the energy consumption of consumers in a predeterminable time interval before the energy quantity threshold value is exceeded by the system energy quantity can also be taken into account. Thus, this can be detected by a control unit and detected and estimated, for example, within a time interval of minutes or even up to a time interval greater than one hour. If the number of operated consumers in this preceding time interval is large, then the expected amount of energy after exceeding the energy quantity threshold value is likewise to be estimated as relatively high. If appropriate, it then makes sense to carry out a further delay at least for one of the requested operations of a consumer. Of course, then, of course, can be individually weighed and decided here, whether all of the requested businesses, consumers are delayed again, or whether this is done for at least one, but not all. Here too, the most varied individual scenarios concerning the mode of operation of the requested businesses can thus be created by consumers and individually optimally adapted. This can also be used to influence the increase in the self-consumption rate in a highly flexible and variable manner.

Furthermore, it can be provided that a decision criterion takes into account the expected operating order of consumers of the consumer group. If, for example, a requirement profile for the operation of a washing machine is known, it can be assumed with a high degree of probability that, if appropriate, a tumble dryer will also be operated after the operation of the washing machine. This operating probability can then also be weighted depending on further parameters. For example, when it is evening and / or the season is autumn, winter or spring, a higher weight of this possible operating sequence can take place. Then, the washed laundry is most likely not hung outside to dry because it will not dry. Rather, then the probability will be very high that then at these times of the day and / or seasons, the laundry is given after washing in a tumble dryer.

As a further decision criterion, provision may be made for the ratio of the amount of available plant energy to the amount of reference energy from the public energy supply network to be taken into account in order to cover the entire amount of energy required by a consumer to be operated. If it is not necessary for an immediate operation of one or more loads to occur immediately after exceeding the energy level threshold by the amount of plant energy, then such requested operation or interrupted operation may continue to be delayed until the amount of plant energy is greater and thus the ratio is greater. In this way too, the self-consumption quota can then be increased, in particular, if the highest possible proportion of the plant energy quantity itself is consumed and is not fed into the public energy supply grid.

Other specific decision criteria may be the season and / or the time of day. Thus, it can usually be assumed that the energy requirements of the consumer network decline in the evenings and after-hours, since there are no longer so many consumers to operate or operate. In addition, it can be recognized by the intelligent control system that, especially in the case of photovoltaic systems, in the late afternoon or in the evening, consumer plants will soon supply no plant energy, since if the sun does not shine, then the photovoltaic Plant automatically shuts itself off. Thus, it may be provided in connection herewith that a relatively long delay of the requested operation takes place when it is evening and / or is autumn, winter or spring, and thus it is to be expected that the plant energy quantity will decrease later in the day or if already currently no more plant energy is delivered, even this will not happen for the foreseeable future.

As a further decision criterion, it is also possible to take into account the state of charge of a building-related energy store in which the system energy quantity can be stored. If this is relatively low, then in turn, depending on one or more of the decision criteria already mentioned above, the storage of an amount of plant energy into this energy store can take place at least proportionally and / or time-dependent.

As a further decision criterion performance data of the plant can be considered. If this is very large and can thus produce and provide a relatively large amount of plant energy within a short time, then the delay extension time and / or the break time and / or the runtime and / or the discharge into the storage and / or a public power supply network can be very high be made according to demand.

Last but not least, other data can also be used for consideration as decision criteria. Particularly interesting in this context are meteorological data for the geographical location of the plant, and this in particular within a predeterminable future time interval. It is particularly interesting, for example, in photovoltaic systems, as a possible expectation can be predicted in terms of future expected amount of energy within a day and / or a week and based on this information then an intelligent operating scenario of requested operations of one or several consumers of the consumer group can be designed.

Furthermore, as a decision criterion, the course of the system energy quantity in a predefinable time interval before the energy quantity threshold value is exceeded by the system energy quantity can be taken into account. If, due to the time of day and / or the season and / or a given weather situation, it is relatively flat, this may also be based, if appropriate, on a certain probability over time after the energy quantity threshold has been exceeded. Depending on this, a delay extension of one or more of the requested consumer businesses may be useful. On the other hand, if there is a relatively steep increase in this amount of system energy and, moreover, if necessary, the energy quantity memory is already relatively heavily charged, also a termination of the delay without the delay extension. The transit times can also be extended if necessary after starting and / or after the termination of the interruption.

In particular, furthermore, the course of the system energy quantity in a predefinable time interval after exceeding the energy quantity threshold value and / or safety requirements for operated consumers can be taken into account as decision criteria.

It is to be explicitly mentioned that the exemplarily mentioned decision criteria are not to be understood conclusively and beyond that also further decision criteria can be considered. An essential aspect is also to be seen in the fact that for the assessment of a decision criterion one or more of the mentioned decision criteria can be taken into account in order to strengthen or mitigate the decision criterion to be judged, or to substantiate it or to specify it with a certain probability value. In particular, it should also be emphasized that each named decision criterion can also be weighted individually depending on further mentioned decision criteria.

In particular, it should also be mentioned that the energy quantity threshold value can be set variably. The variability may arise discretely or continuously and, in particular, such a change in the energy quantity threshold value may also be automatically controlled. In particular, the variable setting is based on at least one of the above decision criteria.

In particular, if, before the energy quantity threshold value is exceeded, at least two plants are requested by consumers or already started plants have been interrupted, one or more of the mentioned decision criteria is used to order the plants to be subsequently performed in their order and / or in their energy distribution and / or in terms of their maturity.

In particular, it is provided that even after the start and / or continuation of a requested operation of a consumer after exceeding the amount of energy threshold through the system energy amount different scenarios can be done, if then in time the system energy amount below the energy level threshold falls. Thus, on the one hand, provision can be made in this regard for one or all of the consumers then in operation to be continued without further restriction and, if necessary, for the respective residual energy quantities which are covered by the public energy supply network and / or the energy store in order to cover the respective total quantity energy requirements.

However, it can also be provided that, if one or more of the requested operations or the interrupted operations are exceeded only after the energy quantity threshold value is exceeded, then the system energy quantity falls below a further predefinable energy quantity threshold value , This second energy-quantity threshold value is determined in particular differently from the first energy-quantity threshold value, in particular set smaller than this. It can also be varied variably, and this can also be done depending on one or more decision criteria, in particular the above-mentioned decision criteria.

In a particularly advantageous and emphasized embodiment, it is provided that the automatically controlled delay at least one requested operation of the consumer user-specific prevented or terminated. For example, in the context where, for example, a user requests or wishes to operate at least one specific consumer, but at the present time the amount of plant energy that can be delivered is less than the predetermined amount of energy threshold, then this requested operation would initially be delayed become. If this is not the user's right in this situation and he still wants an immediate start or stop of an interrupted operation of the at least one consumer, he may request this. In particular, he can prevent or terminate this delay by appropriate input in a control device and then there is an immediate start or stop the interruption of the operation of the desired consumer. This is done even if the required amount of energy for the operation of the consumer must be obtained completely from the public power grid.

Preferably, the user-specific prevention or interruption is currently performed situation-specific by the user. Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that the user prescribes the prevention for a certain time of day and / or a specific consumer and / or a certain period of time and this is maintained automatically controlled until the user changes this programmed specification. For example, if a user wishes to have instantaneous operation of a specific consumer, such as a washing machine, between 17:00 and 19:00 each day, he may program this accordingly. Every day it is then automatically checked whether during this period the washing machine is operated and turned on by a user. If this is the case and can then be covered, for example, at least proportionally, the energy requirement by the plant's energy amount, this is done. This also applies if the system energy quantity is smaller than the energy quantity threshold value. If the washing machine is turned on by a user during this period and the system does not deliver any system energy amounts at all, then the consumer is also started immediately and supplied with energy via the energy supply network.

In a particularly advantageous manner, it is provided that the energy quantity threshold value is set to the value zero. Whenever the photovoltaic system shuts itself off automatically due to the absence of sunlight and thus does not generate electrical energy, the above-mentioned is of particular advantage. Because then not even a small amount can be generated by the system itself and it must be brought almost everything from the public power grid. This is especially true if a possibly existing building-assigned energy storage is empty or can deliver only a small amount of energy.

It is particularly advantageous if the consumer group has a heating rod for heating water in a hot water storage tank and / or at least one domestic appliance for the care of laundry items and / or at least one dishwasher. Domestic appliances for the care of laundry items are in particular a clothes dryer and a washing machine. Their specified specific electrical loads are very specific consumers in terms of energy requirements and operating modes. With regard to the variable mode of operation with possibly existing possibilities of a time-shifted mode of operation, they can influence the invention very positively with regard to increasing the self-consumption rate.

In principle, however, all, for example, building-related electrical consumers, which are intended to be provided as private consumers, and should not be made available to other external circles, are taken into account. In particular, other household appliances of a residential unit or commercial unit can be considered at this point. For example, this may also include a lighting system for outdoor lighting or the like, which can be operated in a time-controlled manner.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for providing electrical energy to a building-associated consumer network with at least one electrical consumer. The device comprises the consumer network and moreover comprises a building-associated system, which is designed to generate electrical energy from regenerative energy. The electrical energy generated is at least partially fed into a public and not building-related energy supply network. An electrical load is supplied by the system and / or the power grid with electrical energy. The device comprises a control device according to the invention or an advantageous embodiment thereof. In particular, the device is also designed for carrying out a method according to the invention or an advantageous embodiment thereof. Thus, it can be provided that the device comprises a measuring unit, with which the currently available electrical system energy amount of the system can be detected or measured. In addition, the device may have a further measuring unit, with which the currently required amount of electrical consumer energy of building associated consumer group is detectable. Preferably, these measuring units can be electrically connected to the control device, so that they can communicate for signal transmission. The signals received by the measuring units can then be evaluated and processed by the control device.

Preferably, the plant is a photovoltaic system. It may for example be arranged on a roof of a residential building or on an outer wall of the residential building or on open spaces, such as in a garden or in an external meadow. In this context, the building allocation means that the electrical energy generated by the plant only provides consumers of this building-related consumer group or temporarily stores the generated electrical energy in a building-assigned energy store or feeds it into a public energy supply grid.

The device preferably comprises a plurality of photovoltaic modules. The measuring units mentioned are in particular current transformer units. Preferably, these current transformers are arranged and installed directly after an inverter of the device. These current transformers are preferably arranged in front of a self-consumption counter, which thus detects the proportion of self-consumption of the electrical energy generated by the system by building-associated consumers. Preferably, further current transformer for consumption detection and thus for detecting the current consumer energy demand by the consumer network are arranged. These are preferably mounted after the power reference meter.

In addition, the control device can in particular also have a comparator unit, by means of which the instantaneous electrical system energy quantity of the system and the currently required electrical consumer energy quantity of the building-associated consumer network are compared. In particular, if in this context an excess of energy is present and thus the system energy amount is greater than the required amount of electrical consumer energy, preferably the entire demand of the consumer energy amount is covered by the system energy.

It is particularly advantageous that the detection of the electrical system energy quantity and / or the detection of the currently required amount of electrical consumer energy is carried out after certain time intervals and thus takes place at discrete time intervals. These can be less than ten seconds, especially at intervals of five seconds.

In symmetrically constructed systems, the same current is generated on each phase line. As a result, current transformers can be saved. For this purpose, in the control device on a specific module A1. M2 a bridge from the terminal 11 on a clamp 4 be set. As a result, the correct current for all three phases can be calculated automatically via another unit.

It is preferably provided that to increase the stability of the system, a time delay relay is provided, in which the time delay, in particular in the minute range, preferably five minutes. This prevents frequent switching of electrical consumers, especially in weather situations where clouds pass by in the sky.

Preferably, the control device comprises a display unit on which a plurality of information can be displayed for a user. In this context, the information relating to the current amount of installation energy and / or the current amount of consumer energy and / or the currently available requirements of operations of consumers of electrical consumers of the consumer group and / or currently actually performed and running energy consuming operations of consumers and / or Information about an expected delay time and / or the percentage of the system energy amount of the total amount of energy of a current running operation of a consumer displayable.

Preferably, it is provided that the heating element for heating the water in the hot water storage tank in the vertical direction is arranged approximately at half the height of the total volume. Preferably, it can thus be achieved that approximately half of the water contained in the buffer memory can be heated by the heating element alone.

In a particularly advantageous manner, the operation of the heating element is controlled by the control device such that whenever possible, the heating element is heated and thus takes place again and again an additional intermediate heating of the hot water. This can be achieved in a particularly efficient way, a very energy-efficient heating on the one hand. For whenever the amount of plant energy is available, the heating element is operated at least for a short time, and thus again a corresponding, albeit only slight, heating of the water in the buffer memory is achieved. This contributes in a particularly advantageous manner to the fact that no unwanted too strong drop in the temperature of the water in the Buffer occurs and not below, especially in very large buffers, a very energy-inefficient and long-lasting heating of the water storage to a desired temperature value by means of an additional boiler system, such as a pellet heater or a gas heater or an oil condensing heating or other heaters , must be done. A very large energy requirement via the public power grid can be avoided.

In a particularly advantageous manner, it may be provided that, depending on the temperature of the water in the buffer memory, the operation of the heating element is provided with greater priority, thereby increasing the position of the heating element in an optional priority list of electrical consumers. In addition, it can also be provided that when the temperature in the hot water tank drops below a predefinable threshold value and until then no amount of system energy can be made available to the heating element, this then at least temporarily with energy from the energy storage and / or public power grid is operated.

In particular, when the system energy amount is greater than the currently required amount of electrical consumer energy, the heating element is automatically turned on. However, this is done in particular but only if the temperature in the hot water tank has not exceeded a predetermined upper temperature threshold.

Preferably, the shutdown of the heating element takes place with a time delay, for example with a time delay in the minute range, in particular approximately one minute. This ensures that at short-term peak currents in the consumer group, the heating element can also be switched on and off again.

Especially in the above exemplary household appliances of the dishwasher and the washing machine, the control is made so that the devices, when they were put into operation, are no longer interrupted, but continued to the end. This then takes place independently, whether after the start of operation of the electrical energy demand is covered exclusively by the system energy amount or at least partially covered by energy from the public power grid. This is advantageous in that just with these devices interruption of the already started operation would be less energy efficient, since in an interruption, the already heated water would cool down again and then continue to be heated again after the operation of the interruption of this water.

It is preferably provided that in the case of a user-defined termination or interruption of a delay in the operation of a consumer, this deactivation of the delay takes place by a predefinable time duration. This can be specified user-individually. This is preferably several hours, for example three hours. It is preferably provided that this deactivation of the delay function for at least one of the devices or consumers to be subsequently operated is counted by a counter unit. This information can then also be taken into account for controlling the electrical consumers.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that in the device, a two-tariff counter for day and night power is used. Preferably, then a potential-free contact for the night time is switched to the control. During this period, the sockets are then released for specific electrical consumers, in particular washing machine, dishwasher and tumble dryer. As a result, the devices are operated with the discounted night current, if desired. If such operation is not absolutely necessary during the night, a corresponding delay can also be made according to the operation request until the next day, in which case electrical energy is again generated, if appropriate, by the installation and then the system energy amount is provided for the operation of the devices mentioned.

The control device has means, in particular units, with which alone or in cooperation of a plurality of units, the above-mentioned sequences are controllable.

Further features of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description, and thus also the features and feature combinations shown in the figures alone and / or the features and feature combinations mentioned only in the figure description, are not only in the respectively specified combination, but also in other combinations or in Used alone, without departing from the scope of the invention.

In particular, the very large variability and flexibility of the combination possibilities of the mentioned decision criteria, taken on its own, thus also means that one or more decision criteria are taken into account for the evaluation of one or more decision criteria a plurality of other decision criteria, and thus final for deciding when a requested operation or multiple requested operations of one or more consumers will be fully implemented, particularly taking into account the amount of plant power, a large scenario option, thus providing very detailed and precise control to increase the self-consumption rate is possible.

It can be provided that the number and / or which of the decision criteria and / or in which order decision criteria are taken into account for the evaluation of another decision criterion is variable. In particular, this can be determined by the decision criterion to be assessed itself and / or by the, in particular momentary, amount of plant energy and / or the, in particular instantaneous, amount of consumer energy and / or by, in particular momentary, energy quantity threshold value and / or one or more of previous values or statements of this decision criterion to be assessed. The assessment is carried out with regard to a delay extension and / or a runtime determination and / or a delay termination and / or an energy release in the memory and / or the public network. It may be provided that, depending on one or more other decision criteria considered, the evaluation of one decision criterion in a specific scenario results in the delay being extended and in another different scenario the delay is not prolonged. The same can be possible for the termination decision and / or the runtime decision and / or the delivery decision.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to schematic drawings. Show it:

1 a schematic block diagram representation of an embodiment of a device according to the invention; and

2 a diagram showing the amount of plant energy and the amount of consumer energy as a function of time in exemplary scenarios.

In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

In 1 is a device 1 shown for controlling an allocation of electrical energy to a building-associated consumer group 2 is formed by electrical consumers. The device 1 is also assigned to a building. This means that it is associated with an individualized residential building or commercial building or farm building of a plurality of such existing buildings and is specifically intended for the operation of these building-associated consumers. For example, it can be provided that the device 1 is arranged in a privately used residential building.

In the exemplary embodiment, the building-associated consumer network comprises 2 a plurality of electrical loads used as a washing machine 3 , as a tumble dryer 4 , as a dishwasher 5 , as a heating element 6 are formed and as another exemplary electrical consumer lighting 7 includes. The number of electrical consumers is merely exemplary. The consumer network 2 may also include a variety of other building-associated electrical consumers. For example, this may also be an electrically operable auxiliary heater in a living room of the building. Furthermore, for example, a sauna, an audio device, a TV, a home appliance for preparing food, a home appliance for storing food, such as a refrigerator or a freezer, be. In addition, building-related garden tools, such as an electrically controllable and operable turf dinghy system, may also fall.

The heating rod 6 is for heating a water 8th in a hot water storage tank 9 educated. Preferably, the heating element 6 in terms of the volume of the buffer 9 arranged approximately in the middle. Preferably, the volume of this buffer memory 9 for example, 800 liters. The water 8th in the cache 9 can also have a further heating system 10 be heated. The heating system 10 is with a public power grid 11 connected and relates the electrical energy, in particular the electricity, to the operation of the heating system 10 preferably exclusively from this public power grid 11 , However, it can also be provided that at least partially the energy demand of the heating system 10 by generated energy of a photovoltaic system 12 is covered.

The device 1 includes a photovoltaic system 12 which has at least one photovoltaic module. This can for example be placed on the roof of the house or on a wall or on an associated floor surface, such as in the garden or the like. The photovoltaic system 12 is thus designed to convert sunlight into electrical energy, especially electricity. The device 1 includes in addition, current transformers 13 between the photovoltaic system 12 and a measurement unit 14 are arranged. The measuring unit 14 is designed to capture the current amount of plant energy. This means that they are those of the photovoltaic system 12 delivered momentary amount of electricity recorded. As you can see, this is the first measuring unit 14 with a control device 15 the device 1 connected. The current transformer 13 and the measurement unit 14 may also be arranged in a unit, so that through the unit, the current conversion and the detection of the amount of plant power generated and the related signal transmission to the controller 15 he follows.

The control device 15 comprises a first processing unit 15a which are used for processing by the measuring unit 14 received signals with respect to the information of the system power amount is formed.

The control unit 15 also includes a second processing unit 15b and this processing unit 15b is for processing signals of another second measuring unit 16 educated. The measuring unit 16 is to capture the current value of the consumer energy amount of the consumer group 2 educated.

The control device 15 also includes a third processing unit 15c , This is for processing signals from another measuring unit 17 educated. The measuring unit 17 is with the public power grid 11 and represents a reference current meter. This means via this counter 17 becomes that of the public power grid 11 related quantity value of the electrical energy, in particular the electric current, for consumption in the network 2 detected.

The control device 15 also includes a delay unit 15d , By means of this, depending on the obtained information of the units 14 and 16 a requested operation or an interrupted operation of an electrical consumer of the consumer group 2 be delayed. This is done especially until the photovoltaic system 12 supplied plant energy amount is greater than a predetermined amount of energy threshold. In particular, the amount of energy threshold is zero. This means that if the photovoltaic system 12 no electricity supplies, an already before and in particular in the phase in which the plant 12 Shut down is requested operation or interrupted operation of an electrical consumer of the consumer group 2 not started or discontinued, and especially so long until power back from the photovoltaic system 12 is produced.

The device 1 also includes another unit of measurement 18 , With this measuring unit, the proportion of plant energy amount, that of the photovoltaic system 12 is generated and in the public power grid 11 is fed, counted. The measuring unit 18 is thus also to be called a feed-in meter.

It is preferably provided that the measuring units 17 and 18 are formed as a unit and this represents a two-directional energy counter, through which the reference current and the supply current are detected.

The device 1 also includes a building-associated electrical energy storage 19 , In these can from the photovoltaic system 12 generated electrical energy at the time of production of the consumer group 2 is not consumed directly or not completely and / or which at the time of production by the photovoltaic system 12 not completely in the public power grid 11 is to be stored.

With regard to the simplified block diagram in 1 It should be noted that the links shown between the blocks on the one hand, where necessary, represent signal paths over which electrical data signals are exchanged. On the other hand, however, these also serve for the sake of simplicity and clarity serving those lines over which then electrical energy, in particular the current, is passed. Of course, it can be provided that different lines are available for the information signals or data signals on the one hand and for the transmission of electrical current on the other hand.

Exemplary are on the line connection to the washing machine 3 and to the tumble dryer 4 there are more current transformers 20 and 21 located. It can preferably be provided that in each case one measuring unit 16 each in the current transformer 20 and 21 is integrated and thus only one unit is formed. These then include the functionality of the current conversion and detection of the respective amount of consumer energy, which then as information to the controller 15 is transferable.

In the embodiment as shown in FIG 1 merely exemplary and otherwise executable is provided that another unit as a self-consumption meter 22 is provided, the example in the exemplary embodiment in the control device 15 is arranged. By means of self-consumption counter 22 the self-consumption is determined. This is preferably done by the difference between the amount of energy of the measuring unit 14 and the measurement unit 18 is formed.

This means that with it the quota of the photovoltaic system 12 generated electricity, which is then also from the consumer group 2 itself consumed. The self-consumption rate is therefore, as already mentioned above, that portion of the photovoltaic system 12 generated total investment amount of energy, which is also consumed building associated by appropriate electrical consumers themselves.

The self-consumption counter 22 especially between the photovoltaic system 12 and the current transformer 13 be arranged. It may also be preferably provided that the self-consumption meter 22 is not realized as representational, in particular own, unit, but is implemented as a software module in another unit.

With regard to the design of the control device 15 with the subunits 15a to 15d These may also be arranged in a common further subunit. The control device 15 In addition, it can also have further units for evaluation for comparison and for estimating expected values and in particular have a memory unit.

Furthermore, the control device 15 an operating device 15e and a display unit 15f on. About the operating device 15e For example, via touch-sensitive control panels, for example in the form of touch fields, or else by means of rotary and / or pressure elements, an adjustment and / or a selection of operating conditions can take place. About the display unit 15 which is, for example, a display, which may also be formed touch-sensitive, operating condition settings and / or other information for a user are displayed comprehensible.

Exemplary functional scenarios of the device 1 will be explained in more detail below. In 2 In the diagram, the electrical energy is recorded in the form of the electric current as a function of time. In the diagram is based on the curve I the course of the system energy amount shown. Through the bend II is the demand profile for energy of consumers of the consumer group 2 shown. The curves are merely exemplary and may be formed in a wide variety of other design.

Starting from the exemplary diagram representation, at the time t0 of a user of the operation of the washing machine 3 requested. It can be provided, for example, that the user of the washing machine 3 pressed to start it. Through the control unit 15 this is detected or detected. At the same time it is then checked whether at the time t0 the photovoltaic system 12 provides a plant amount of energy. According to the exemplary representation of the curve I is the photovoltaic system 12 Switched off automatically at the time t0, since no sunlight falls on the modules and thus no power is generated.

In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the energy quantity threshold value is equal to zero. This means that at the time t0 the plant energy level value is not greater than this energy quantity threshold value, so that initially controlled automatically via the control device 15 it is provided that the user requested operation of the washing machine 3 not done or the start does not occur but is delayed. This is particularly the case until the system energy amount is greater than zero, which means in the embodiment that the photovoltaic system 12 basically first generate and provide plant energy amount again. Such a scenario, in which at the time t0 the photovoltaic system 12 is switched off in the absence of existing sunlight, for example, may be the case after sunset in the night. So for example, depending on the season in the evening or late evening, the operation of the washing machine 3 desired, this is delayed here. The delay in this context may be as long as shown in FIG 2 at time t1 the photovoltaic system 12 returns plant energy. For example, the time t1 may be the next morning at sunrise.

In view of this very long delay period, which can extend from one evening to the next morning of the following day, can also be provided that the delay of the requested operation of the washing machine 3 aborted, taking into account cancellation decision criteria.

In addition, it can also be provided that via the control device 15 This delay operation is prevented and then already user-defined at the time t0, the operation of the washing machine 3 starts. However, then the operation is at least for a period of the entire operation of the washing machine 3 without a currently directly produced amount of plant energy. Rather, then the operation is done by energy completely from the public power grid 11 and / or partially by optionally in the energy store 19 still stored system energy.

Will the operation of the washing machine 3 already ended before reaching the time t1, so will be over the entire life of the washing machine 3 no momentarily and directly generated plant energy amount contributed.

However, it is particularly advantageous in this context, if up to the time t1 with the start of the operation of the washing machine 3 can be maintained and then the required amount of energy for the operation is at least partially covered by the currently generated directly plant energy amount. As for example in the illustration in 2 For example, when a sunny summer day begins, it increases according to the course of the curve I the system energy amount steadily and possibly relatively steep. In the further course of operation of the washing machine 3 can then the share of external energy, especially from the public power grid 11 still required amount of energy to be steadily and continuously reduced.

However, it may also be provided that the operation of the washing machine 3 then starts when the entire energy requirement for the operation can be covered exclusively by the plant energy quantity.

According to another scenario is in the illustration according to 2 provided that by the time t2 no electrical energy consumption by the consumer group 2 he follows. The plant energy quantity generated between times t1 and t2 can then be stored in the energy store 19 cached and / or to the public power grid 11 be fed. The proportions with which the currently not required amount of plant energy is temporarily stored or fed in can be made in particular depending on one or more delivery decision criteria.

At time t2 then the operation of an electrical load, such as the washing machine 3 requested. By way of example, it is shown that this requires three energy units. At the time t2, this required amount is already fully supplied by the plant energy amount, so that at the time t2 no delay of the requested operation of the washing machine 3 he follows.

Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that even at the time t2 the operation of the washing machine 3 which may be decided by delay extension decision criteria.

At time t3 is another electrical load, such as the heating element 6 turned on to the water in the buffer tank 9 to warm up. At time t3, the system energy amount is greater than the energy amount threshold value and, in addition, greater than the total amount of energy required by the consumer group at time t3 2 , Also, the operation of the heating element 6 at time t3 is therefore not delayed and starts immediately.

At time t4, in addition to the expiring operation of the washing machine 3 and the active operation of the heating element 6 the operation of the dishwasher 5 requested by a user. As can be seen, this increases the overall energy consumption of the consumer network 2 on the currently available plant energy quantity. In this situation, a variety of other procedures can then by the control unit 15 controlled done. Preferably, the operation of the washing machine 3 not interrupted. This in light of the fact that interrupting the wash would cause cooling of the wash water and heating the wash water after the stoppage would require an undesirable additional energy requirement. In the exemplary scenario, therefore, the operation of the washing machine 3 not interrupted and continued immediately to the end. The control device 15 also checks whether the operation of the heating element depends on decision criteria 6 can be interrupted. In particular, a priority list of consumers of the consumer group can be used 2 be used. It may then be provided in this context that the heating element 6 in his operation is interrupted and the dishwasher 5 started immediately. This is a possible scenario when the total energy needs of the washing machine 3 and the dishwasher 5 preferably smaller than the momentary of the photovoltaic system 12 Available plant energy quantity.

However, it can also be provided that the operation of the heating element 6 is not interrupted but is continued. In this scenario, then, for the operation of the dishwasher 5 be provided that this is delayed in its operation. The delay can then take place until the time t5 at which the total energy demand of the operated consumers of the network 2 smaller than the currently available value of the plant's energy quantity of the photovoltaic system 12 , In the exemplary embodiment, the delay of the operation of the dishwasher is then at time t5 5 finished and started this operation.

Alternatively, it could be provided at time t4 that also the operation of the dishwasher 5 is started because the plant energy amount is greater than the energy amount threshold. In this scenario, it can then be provided that the remaining amount of required energy that can not be covered by the plant's energy supply, from the public power grid 11 and / or the energy storage 19 provided. If this is done, the dishwasher starts operating immediately 5 even at time t4.

As seen from the example scenario in 2 As can be seen, the amount of plant energy at time t6 falls below the currently required total amount of energy of the operated electrical consumers of the consumer group 2 namely the washing machine 3 , the dishwasher 5 and the heating rod 6 , With regard to the period between the times t5 and t6, in which the system energy amount exceeds the total energy demand of the actively operated consumers, this excess can be in the energy storage 19 at least proportionately and / or at least proportionately in the public power grid 11 be stored or fed. This procedure can also be carried out depending on one or more decision criteria, some of which were given by way of example in the general part of the description.

However, it can also be provided that at the time t6, the operation of the heating element 6 is interrupted. Again, it is envisaged that the operation of the dishwasher 5 Priority is to be given to interrupting the operation of the dishwasher 5 would require a cooling of the heated rinse water and after the interruption then required heating of this rinse water would require an undesirable additional energy needs. Will the heating element 6 Switched off at the time t6, so according to the scenario shown, the total amount of energy required the washing machine 3 and the dishwasher 5 currently and directly from the photovoltaic system 12 to be delivered.

At time t7 then substantially simultaneously the dishwasher 5 and the heating rod 6 shut off, in particular has the dishwasher 5 reached the end of its operating time to rinse the dishes. At the same time, at the time t7, the tumble dryer 4 started. By the time t8, in turn, the total required energy of the consumers, whose operation has been requested and performed, is covered by the plant energy amount. At time t8, this quantity in turn drops below the currently required total amount of the consumer group 2 , In particular, it could then be provided here that the operation of the tumble dryer 4 is interrupted and is only continued at time t9 again. Until time t10, the result according to the exemplary curve II Decreases in the total energy consumption of the consumer group 2 , where up to the time t10, the system energy amount is greater than this total energy demand.

At time t11, the value of the system energy amount goes to zero and the photovoltaic system 12 will be switched off. The system energy quantity therefore falls below the energy quantity threshold value. At time t12, the operation of an electrical consumer of the consumer group 2 requested by a user. It can also be provided that automatically programmed at the time t12, the operation of a consumer of the consumer group 2 should start. As from the illustration in 2 can be seen, at this time t12, the system energy amount is smaller than the predetermined amount of energy threshold. Depending on other decision criteria then the requested operation, in which the request is made at time t12, is delayed. The delay can be carried out until delay termination decision criteria are met and the delay is completed before the time t13 and the requested operation of the tumble dryer 4 is started. Namely, at time t13, the condition that the energy amount threshold value, which is zero in the embodiment, would be determined by the plant energy amount in accordance with the curve I again exceeded. If none of the deceleration cancellation decision criteria is met, the operation will be delayed at least until time t13. At time t13, the basic requirement that the system energy quantity exceeds the energy quantity threshold value would then be met. However, it may be provided that due to delay extension decision criteria also at time t13, the requested operation of the tumble dryer 4 not yet started.

It can also be provided that in a time window somewhere between the times t11 and t13 comprising the time t12 the user for each day in the control device 15 has programmed that a requested in this time window operation of a specific consumer even then in particular immediately starts when the system power amount is smaller than the energy amount threshold, in particular zero. A delay is thereby prevented by the user.

Returning to time t7, for example, it can be specified for how long the started operation of the tumble dryer 4 the plant energy amount is made available. Thus, it can also be provided in this context that the operation of the tumble dryer 4 from time t8 to its end at time t10 is provided only for a smaller period of time. For example, it can be provided that the tumble dryer 4 the plant power amount is provided only until time t9. The operation can then be interrupted again or the remaining energy demand from the public power grid 11 and / or the energy storage 9 be covered. Because of the time t9 still running operation of the washing machine 3 due to the list of priorities may not be interrupted here then only the tumble dryer 4 operated according to the previous explanation.

According to the present explanation, in which the tumble dryer 4 At the time t13 a second time after the end of the complete operating period of the first operating phase at time t11 is considered with an operating request, the aforementioned scenarios and decision criteria are taken into account and the operation is controlled accordingly.

The lighting device can be tailored to suit requirements and proportionately 7 be supplied at least temporarily and / or proportionally with a system energy amount.

Particularly advantageous method of the invention and an advantageous embodiment thereof, when the photovoltaic system 12 is switched off automatically due to non-existing or not einstrahlendem sunlight and generates no system power and a requested in this phase operation of one or more electrical consumers of the consumer group 2 is not mandatory and even over a longer period of several hours does not have to be mandatory. Thus, in particular, a requested on an evening operation of such an electrical load can be delayed until the next morning to then use directly generated plant power for the then expiring operation and use. It is particularly useful when several such consumers are present and can be operated with a time delay.

With regard to the decision criteria, the number of consumers of a building-associated consumer group and / or the total energy of one or more building-related consumers and / or a list of company priorities of the building-associated consumers and / or an expected energy consumption of the at least one consumer and / or a Operation expected energy consumption of the entire consumer group and / or the number of consumers operated both currently or within a previous time interval, and / or the energy consumption of consumers in a predetermined time interval before the exceeding of the energy amount threshold by the plant energy amount and / or expected operating order of consumers of the consumer group. In this regard, the expected operating order depending on the already existing operating requirement profile and / or dependent on already requested operations of specific consumers, taking into account currently not yet requested operations of other consumers of the consumer group and / or remaining maturities to the respective operating ends of discontinued operations of Consumers. Additional or further decision criteria may still be the ratio of the amount of available plant energy to the reference amount of energy from the public energy supply network to cover the total energy demand of the consumer group and / or the current season and / or the current time of day and / or the state of charge of the building energy accumulator and / or or performance data of the photovoltaic system 12 and / or meteorological data for the next few hours and / or the next few days for the geographic location of the photovoltaic system 12 and / or the course of the system energy amount in a predeterminable time interval before the exceeding of the energy quantity threshold value. In this regard, it is then of interest as to how long the energy level threshold value has already fallen below or how the system energy amount provided has appeared before the last time the energy quantity threshold was undershot. As a further decision criterion, the course of the system energy quantity in a predefinable time interval after exceeding the energy quantity threshold value can be taken into account.

It can also be provided that the energy quantity threshold value is changed continuously or discretely, for which purpose at least one of the above-mentioned decision criteria can likewise be taken into account. The energy quantity threshold value can therefore be changed dynamically.

It can also be provided that a plurality of energy quantity threshold values can be preset. If a first energy quantity threshold value is then exceeded, it can be provided that one or more consumers started in operation are not interrupted in their operation, as long as the system energy quantity currently available from the photovoltaic system 12 can be supplied, does not fall below a lower second energy level threshold. With regard to further complex scenarios for controlling and allocating electrical energy to a plurality of consumers of the consumer group, it is also possible to specify a plurality of such threshold values and to form scenarios which depict whether one or more consumers are delayed and / or interrupted if the plant Amount of energy with respect to its curve fluctuates between intervals of the energy quantity thresholds moves and / or one or more of these energy level thresholds below and / or exceeds. In particular, a temporal factor can also be taken into account in this respect when one or more of these energy quantity threshold values are undershot and / or exceeded. Likewise, in addition to and instead of that, the number of underflow of one or more of these energy amount thresholds may be taken into account for delaying and / or interrupting one or more of the requested consumer operations.

Will after switching off the heating element 6 a further heating of the water in the buffer memory 9 required, the heating element 6 However, due to decision criteria with respect to the existing system energy amount reset and no longer operated, and there is the further heating via the heating 10 ,

With regard to the decision criteria relating to the meteorological data, a local weather station, which is designed or arranged for the building, can be queried and / or taken into account by external weather stations. For example, data can also be provided via the Internet here. With regard to safety-critical operating devices, such as a lighting device in and / or outside the house as you pass through the device 7 For example, these may usually not allow any delay in operation or interruption. At best, this can be provided if a delay or an interruption would be justifiable, depending on the time of day. Just then, however, if the lighting, for example, a path lighting outside the residential building, for example, to the garage or other land sites, then a delay and / or interruption is provided especially at night. Corresponding decision criteria can also be present and taken into account in this regard and, depending on the requested companies, an individualized operating scenario can be designed by other consumers.

In particular, the invention also encompasses a method and a device with which, depending on the specific consumers of a consumer group 2 and / or depending on the individual currently present operating requirement profiles of one or more of these consumers, taking into account one or more decision criteria, an individualized operating schedule for these operating requirement profiles is created. In particular, this can be dynamically changed and adjusted depending on decision criteria also during the course of operations.

Claims (19)

Control device ( 15 ) for controlling an allocation of electrical energy to a building-associated consumer group ( 2 ) with at least one electrical consumer ( 3 to 7 ), whereby the consumer group ( 2 ) by an electrical energy from renewable energy generating plant ( 12 ) and / or from a public energy supply network ( 11 ) can be supplied with electrical energy, - with a first processing unit ( 15a ), which is used to process signals containing information about a currently available plant energy quantity of the plant ( 12 ), and - with a second processing unit ( 15b ), which for processing signals containing information about the request of consuming a consumption of consumer energy amount of at least one electrical load ( 3 to 7 ) of the consumer group ( 2 ), and - with a delay unit ( 15d ) which is designed so that, in the presence of a request for a consumption of consumer energy, the consumption of a building-associated consumer ( 3 to 7 ) of the consumer group ( 2 ) the operation of the consumer ( 3 to 7 ) is controlled automatically at least until it can be delayed until the amount of plant energy that can be provided exceeds a specifiable energy quantity threshold value. Control device ( 15 ) according to claim 1, which is designed to terminate the operating delay after exceeding the energy quantity threshold value and then at least partially dissipate the amount of plant energy to the at least one electrical consumer ( 3 to 7 ) is allocable to its requested operation. Control device ( 15 ) according to claim 1 or 2, in which at least one deceleration extension decision criterion is stored, and the control device ( 15 ), especially the Delay unit ( 15d ), is designed after the exceeding of the energy quantity threshold value the operation of the consumer ( 3 to 7 ), depending on at least one delay extension decision criterion. Control device ( 15 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one abort decision criterion is stored, and the control device ( 15 ), in particular the delay unit ( 15d ), is arranged to stop the delay of the operation before exceeding the energy amount threshold by the amount of plant energy and the requested operation of the consumer ( 3 to 7 ) if at least one cancellation decision criterion is met during the delay. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one transit time decision criterion is stored, and the control device ( 15 ), in particular the delay unit ( 15d ), is designed such that, when the energy-consuming operation of the at least one consumer ( 3 to 7 ), the period of time how long the operation is performed is determinable depending on at least one transit time decision criterion. Control device ( 15 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one delivery decision criterion is stored, and the control device ( 15 ), in particular the delay unit ( 15d ), is designed so that, in the case of a system energy quantity greater than a required total amount of energy of the consumer group ( 2 ) is determined as a function of at least one delivery decision criterion, which share of the plant energy quantity in a building-assigned energy store ( 19 ) and / or which share in the public power grid ( 11 ) is fed. Control device ( 15 ) according to one of Claims 3 to 6, in which at least one of the following conditions is taken into account as delay extension decision criterion and / or termination decision criterion and / or transit time decision criterion and / or delivery decision criterion: number of consumers ( 3 to 7 ) of the building-related consumer group ( 2 ) and / or - the total energy needs of one or more building-related consumers ( 3 to 7 ) and / or - company priority list of building-related consumers ( 3 to 7 ) and / or - expected energy consumption of the at least one consumer ( 3 to 7 ) and / or - expected energy consumption of the entire consumer group ( 2 ) and / or - number of currently operated consumers ( 3 to 7 ) and / or energy consumption of consumers ( 3 to 7 ) in a predeterminable time interval before the energy quantity threshold value is exceeded by the plant energy quantity and / or expected operating sequence of the consumer ( 3 to 7 ) of the consumer group ( 2 ) and / or - remaining time until the end of the operation of an interrupted operation of a consumer ( 3 to 7 ) and / or - ratio of the amount of plant energy available to the amount of energy consumed by the public utility grid ( 11 ) to cover the total amount of energy consumed by the consumer ( 3 to 7 ) and / or - season and / or - time of day and / or - state of charge of the building-related energy store ( 19 ) and / or - performance data of the installation ( 12 ) and / or - meteorological data for the geographical location of the installation ( 12 within a predefinable future time interval and / or course of the plant energy quantity in a predeterminable time interval before exceeding the energy quantity threshold value and / or course of the plant energy quantity within a predefinable time interval after exceeding the energy quantity threshold value and / or Safety requirements for operated consumers ( 3 to 7 ). Control device ( 15 ) according to one of the preceding claims, which has an operating device ( 15e ), by which the automatically controlled delaying the operation of the consumer ( 3 to 7 ) by operating the operating device ( 15e ) can be prevented or terminated by a user. Control device ( 15 ) according to claim 8, in which the operating device ( 15e ) is designed such that the user-specific prevention or interruption is currently situation-specific by the user feasible or the user for a certain time of day and / or a particular consumer ( 3 to 7 ) and / or a certain period of time the prevention by an input via the operating device ( 15e ) and in particular this is maintained so long controlled automatically until the user changes this programmed preset. Control device ( 15 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the energy quantity threshold value is equal to zero. Control device ( 15 ) according to one of the preceding claims, which comprises a display unit ( 15f ) on the operating condition settings of the plant ( 12 ) and / or information of the public power grid ( 11 ) and / or the consumer group ( 2 ) and / or information about a delay in the operation of a consumer ( 3 to 7 ) and / or values of at least one delay extension decision criterion and / or a termination decision criterion and / or a delay decision criterion and / or a delivery decision criterion are displayed operating phase-dependent. Control device ( 15 ) according to one of the preceding claims, which comprises a self-consumption determination unit ( 22 ) having. Control device ( 15 ) according to claim 12, in which the self-consumption determination unit ( 22 ) is implemented as a software module. Control device ( 15 ) according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least the processing units ( 15a . 15b ) and the delay unit ( 15d ) are combined in one unit. Contraption ( 1 ) for providing electrical energy to a building-associated consumer network ( 2 ) with at least one electrical consumer ( 3 to 7 ), - with the consumer group ( 2 ) and - with a building-assigned system ( 12 ), which is designed to generate electrical energy from renewable energy, wherein the generated electrical energy at least partially in a public power grid ( 11 ), and an electrical consumer ( 3 to 7 ) through the annex ( 12 ) and / or the power grid ( 11 ) is supplied with electrical energy, characterized in that the device ( 1 ) a control device ( 15 ) according to one of the preceding claims. Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 15, characterized in that the plant is a photovoltaic system ( 12 ). Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the consumer group ( 2 ) a heating rod ( 6 ) for heating water ( 8th ) in a buffer memory ( 9 ) and / or at least one household appliance ( 3 . 4 ) for the care of laundry and / or at least one dishwasher ( 5 ), and the system energy quantity is provided to these consumers in a demand-controlled manner, provided in particular as a function of decision criteria. Contraption ( 1 ) according to claim 17, characterized in that the heating element ( 6 ) substantially at the central level of the internal volume of the buffer reservoir ( 9 ) is arranged. Contraption ( 1 ) according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that it comprises an energy store ( 19 ), which for intermediate storage of electrical energy of the plant ( 12 ) is trained.

Images