DE19930908A1 - Integrity protection for electronic document with combination of visible, invisible-robust and invisible non-robust watermarks for on-line verification - Google Patents

Integrity protection for electronic document with combination of visible, invisible-robust and invisible non-robust watermarks for on-line verification

Info

Publication number
DE19930908A1
DE19930908A1 DE19930908A DE19930908A DE19930908A1 DE 19930908 A1 DE19930908 A1 DE 19930908A1 DE 19930908 A DE19930908 A DE 19930908A DE 19930908 A DE19930908 A DE 19930908A DE 19930908 A1 DE19930908 A1 DE 19930908A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
invisible
signature
robust
data
visible
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19930908A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Rene Baltus
Marc-Bernd Woop
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19930908A priority Critical patent/DE19930908A1/en
Publication of DE19930908A1 publication Critical patent/DE19930908A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
    • G06T1/005—Robust watermarking, e.g. average attack or collusion attack resistant
    • G06T1/0071—Robust watermarking, e.g. average attack or collusion attack resistant using multiple or alternating watermarks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
    • G03G21/04—Preventing copies being made of an original
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/30—Writer recognition; Reading and verifying signatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N1/32101—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N1/32101—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N1/32144—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title embedded in the image data, i.e. enclosed or integrated in the image, e.g. watermark, super-imposed logo or stamp
    • H04N1/32149—Methods relating to embedding, encoding, decoding, detection or retrieval operations
    • H04N1/32288—Multiple embedding, e.g. cocktail embedding, or redundant embedding, e.g. repeating the additional information at a plurality of locations in the image
    • H04N1/32304—Embedding different sets of additional information
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
    • G06T2201/0064—Image watermarking for copy protection or copy management, e.g. CGMS, copy only once, one-time copy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3225—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document
    • H04N2201/3233—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document of authentication information, e.g. digital signature, watermark
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3225—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document
    • H04N2201/3233—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document of authentication information, e.g. digital signature, watermark
    • H04N2201/3236—Details of authentication information generation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3225—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document
    • H04N2201/3233—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document of authentication information, e.g. digital signature, watermark
    • H04N2201/3239—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document of authentication information, e.g. digital signature, watermark using a plurality of different authentication information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3269—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of machine readable codes or marks, e.g. bar codes or glyphs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3269—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of machine readable codes or marks, e.g. bar codes or glyphs
    • H04N2201/327—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of machine readable codes or marks, e.g. bar codes or glyphs which are undetectable to the naked eye, e.g. embedded codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3271—Printing or stamping

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)

Abstract

Procedure allows legally relevant data: a signature, write pressure and write duration for signature to be inserted in electronic document in form of visible and invisible digital watermark. Facsimile of signature is used as visible watermark. Data is also used as invisible-robust and invisible non-robust digital watermarks on document. Document is printed out and signed again, repeat signature is used as new digital watermark.

Description

Digitale Wasserzeichen in digital gespeicherten Bildern sind bekannt. Für Einzelbilder gibt es bereits eingeführte Verfahren, so z. B. DigiMarc, das in Adobe Photoshop verwendet wird.Digital watermarks in digitally stored images are known. For single images there is already established procedures, such. B. DigiMarc used in Adobe Photoshop.

Neben den digitalen stehen sichtbare Wasserzeichen zur Verfügung. Diese haben üblicher­ weise den Nachteil, daß sie leicht entdeckt und damit auch leicht entfernt werden können. Weiterhin werden in Bildern unsichtbar-robuste Wasserzeichen verwendet. Allerdings kann es hier Probleme beim Skalieren, Konvertieren oder Komprimieren der Bilder geben. Das Wasserzeichen muß derlei, nicht nur freundlich gesinnte, Manipulationen schadlos überste­ hen. Es sollte eine Information so unauffällig - nicht nur für das menschliche Auge - wie mög­ lich in das Bild einfügen.In addition to the digital ones, visible watermarks are available. These are more common have the disadvantage that they can be easily discovered and thus easily removed. In addition, invisible, robust watermarks are used. However, it can there are problems with scaling, converting or compressing the images. The Watermarks have to survive such manipulations, not just friendly ones hen. Information should be as inconspicuous - not only for the human eye - as possible Lich insert into the picture.

Unsichtbar-zerbrechliche digitale Wasserzeichen lassen sofort Bildveränderungen erkennen. Sie sind so gestaltet, daß Bildveränderungen zwangsweise zu Veränderung des Wasserzei­ chens führen. Es muß aber sichergestellt sein, daß das unsichtbar-zerbrechliche Wasserzei­ chen rückwirkend nicht wieder aufgebaut werden kann.Invisible, fragile digital watermarks immediately show changes in the image. They are designed in such a way that image changes inevitably lead to changes in the water period chens lead. But it must be ensured that the invisible and fragile water age with retroactive effect.

Die vorgenannten Verfahren wurden bisher lediglich für digitale Bilder und Tonträger genutzt. Durch die jeweils geschilderten Nachteile gibt es bisher noch Widerstände gegen eine weite Verbreitung.So far, the aforementioned methods have only been used for digital images and sound carriers. Due to the disadvantages described in each case, there is still resistance against a wide range Distribution.

Werden die vorgenannte Verfahren in elektronischen Dokumenten eingesetzt kehren sich die Nachteile zu Vorteilen um, die vorhandenen Vorteile verstärken sich jedoch zu einer hohen Sicherheit, besonders in der Kombination mit der vierdimensional erfaßten Unterschrift. Die Erfassung der Unterschrift erfolgt mit geeigneten Verfahren, z. B. mit Spezialstift oder mit dem Verfahren für Normalstifte nach EP 0 560 356.If the aforementioned methods are used in electronic documents, the reverse Disadvantages to advantages, but the existing advantages increase to a high Security, especially when combined with the four-dimensional signature. The signature is recorded using suitable methods, e.g. B. with special pen or with the method for normal pens according to EP 0 560 356.

Um ein elektronisches Dokument mit einer Kombination der drei Wasserzeichen zu verse­ hen, ist folgender Vorgang denkbar: Das zu unterzeichnende Dokument - z. B. ein Versiche­ rungsvertrag - ist auf dem Bildschirm sichtbar dargestellt. Der Unterzeichner leistet bei Ein­ verständnis mit den Inhalten auf einem Unterschriftenprüfer seine eigenhändige Unterschrift. Die juristisch relevanten Daten der Unterschrift - der Schreibdruck und die Schreibzeit mit Schreibpausen - werden datentechnisch aufbereitet und in das elektronische Dokument als digitales Wasserzeichen integriert. Die Faksimile der Unterschrift, Bild 2, wird als sichtbares Wasserzeichen genutzt. Hierzu können aber auch die Druck- und Zeitverläufe, wie in Bild 1 dargestellt, genutzt werden. Mit den bekannten Verfahren werden die Daten aber auch als unsichtbar-robustes und als unsichtbar-zerbrechliches digitales Wasserzeichen in das Dokument eingebracht.In order to provide an electronic document with a combination of the three watermarks, the following process is conceivable: The document to be signed - e.g. B. an insurance contract - is shown on the screen. The signer makes his own signature if the contents are approved by a signature checker. The legally relevant data of the signature - the printing pressure and the writing time with pauses - are processed in terms of data technology and integrated into the electronic document as a digital watermark. The facsimile of the signature, Figure 2, is used as a visible watermark. The pressure and time profiles, as shown in Figure 1, can also be used for this. With the known methods, the data is also introduced into the document as an invisible, robust and invisible, fragile digital watermark.

Es erfolgt ein Ausdruck des Vertrages in herkömmliche Art auf Papier. Zur weiteren Sicher­ heit kann nun der Unterschriftsleister das Originaldokument nochmals eigenhändig auf einen Schriftprüfer unterschreiben, die Werte werden als ein neues digitales Wasserzeichen ge­ sondert auf die vorher geleistete, nun digital vorliegende Unterschrift, eingebracht. Dies ist dann eine beglaubigende Unterschrift, wie in der Anmeldung 199 07 251.5 beschrieben. Dieses Papierdokument verbleibt bei dem Unterzeichner als einziges papierenes Original, kann bei einem Rechtsstreit vorgelegt und mit üblichen forensischen Methoden auf Echtheit geprüft werden. Im Gegensatz zu einem digitalen Wasserzeichen in einem Bild, darf sich die Darstellung ei­ nes Dokumentes optisch gering verändern. Wird beispielsweise die Kante eines Striches oder Rahmen zur Einfügung von Daten genutzt, kann sich der Strich oder Rahmen u. U. et­ was verändern. Buchstaben, Zahlen, etc. müssen jedoch auch nach dem Einfügen von Da­ ten eindeutig erkennbar sein. The contract is printed out on paper in a conventional manner. For further security The signature provider can now handwritten the original document again on one Signers sign, the values are created as a new digital watermark on the previously made, now digital signature. This is then a certifying signature, as described in application 199 07 251.5. This paper document remains with the undersigned as the only original paper, can be brought to litigation and authenticity using standard forensic methods being checked. In contrast to a digital watermark in an image, the representation may be different change the appearance of a document. For example, the edge of a stroke or frame used to insert data, the dash or frame may U. et change something. Letters, numbers, etc., however, must also be inserted after inserting Da be clearly recognizable.  

Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren beinhaltet folgende Neuheiten und vorteilhafte Verbesserun­ gen:
The proposed process includes the following novelties and advantageous improvements:

  • - Es liegt ein Dokument aus Papier vor.- There is a paper document.
  • - Das sichtbare Wasserzeichen der Unterschriftsfaksimile ermöglicht eine direkte Zuord­ nung zum Unterzeichner (wie bisher auch).- The visible watermark of the signature facsimile enables direct assignment signatory (as before).
  • - Das Einfügen der sichtbaren Druck- und Zeitverläufe (Bild 1) einer Unterschrift, neben der bisher bekannten grafischen Darstellung, macht auch für Laien die bisher unsichtbaren Anteile eine Unterschrift sichtbar.- The insertion of the visible pressure and time profiles ( Fig. 1) of a signature, in addition to the previously known graphic representation, also makes the previously invisible portions of a signature visible to laypersons.
  • - Das unsichtbar-robuste digitale Wasserzeichen gestattet es durch die eingefügte Infor­ mation der Unterschriftsdaten auch nach einem Ausdruck und folgender fototechnischen Kopie oder einem Scannen des Dokumentes den Unterzeichner zu verifizieren.- The invisible, robust digital watermark allows it thanks to the inserted information mation of the signature data also after a printout and subsequent photo-technical Copy or scan the document to verify the signer.
  • - Das unsichtbar-zerbrechliche Wasserzeichen ist nur auf dem Original vorhanden, jede folgende Kopie kann durch ein fehlendes oder fehlerhaftes digitales Wasserzeichen auch als solche erkannt werden.- The invisible, fragile watermark is only present on the original, each following copy can also be missing or incorrect digital watermark be recognized as such.
  • - Da jede einzelne Unterschrift einer Person ein Unikat ist, kann ein digitales Wasserzei­ chen der gerade geleisteten Unterschrift nur einmal auf einem Dokument vorhanden sein. Weitere Exemplare, die wie auch immer - digital oder fotomechanisch - kopiert sind, wer­ den naturgemäß als Kopien erkannt.- Since every single signature of a person is unique, a digital watermark can the signature just made can only be found once on a document. Other copies, however - digitally or photomechanically - copied, who naturally recognized as copies.
  • - Die Komprimierung und der Vergleich der Komprimate von digitalen und die von einem Ausdruck gescannten Wasserzeichen ist leicht durchführbar.- Compression and comparison of digital and one compression Print out scanned watermark is easy to do.

Claims (3)

1. Integritätschutz für elektronische Dokumente, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Kom­ bination aus sichtbarem, unsichtbar-robusten und unsichtbar-zerbrechlichem digitalen "Wasserzeichen" mit einer elektronisch-vierdimensional erfaßten Unterschrift in elektroni­ schen Briefen, Formularen und Dokumenten eingefügt wird, wobei auch in einem späterer Ausdruck die unsichtbaren Wasserzeichen vorhanden sind, die mittels geeigneter Maß­ nahmen erfaßt werden und die in dem digitalen Wasserzeichen gespeicherten Daten der Unterschrift zur online-Verifikation des Unterzeichners genutzt werden und das Kompri­ mat der Unterschriftsdaten mit dem Komprimat der gleichen Unterschrift aus einem Aus­ druck verglichen wird.1. Integrity protection for electronic documents, characterized in that a combination of visible, invisible-robust and invisible-fragile digital "watermark" with an electronically recorded four-dimensional signature is inserted into electronic letters, forms and documents, including in one later printout the invisible watermarks are available, which are recorded by means of suitable measures and the data of the signature stored in the digital watermark are used for online verification of the signer and the compression of the signature data is compared with the compressed of the same signature from a printout becomes. 2. Integritätschutz für elektronische Dokumente nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß ein drucktechnisch oder fotomechanisch erstelltes Exemplar eines mit einem di­ gitalen Wasserzeichen versehenen elektronischen Dokumentes gescannt und mit einer geeigneten Software aus den gescannten Daten das die Unterschriftsdaten enthaltende digitale Wasserzeichen herausgezogen, komprimiert und mit den rein digital vorliegen­ den, komprimierten Daten des Ursprungsdokumentes verglichen wird.2. Integrity protection for electronic documents according to claim 1, characterized net that a typographically or photomechanically created copy of one with a di digital watermark scanned electronic document and with a suitable software from the scanned data containing the signature data digital watermarks extracted, compressed and with the purely digital ones the compressed data of the original document is compared. 3. Integritätschutz für elektronische Dokumente nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die juristisch relevanten Daten einer Unterschrift, die Druck- und Zeitver­ läufe, in Form eines sichtbaren und unsichtbaren digitalen Wasserzeichens und als her­ kömmliche, in der klassisch forensisch nachprüfbare Form als Eindrücke des Schreibstif­ tes in der Papierausgabe des Dokumentes vorliegen.3. Integrity protection for electronic documents according to claim 1 and 2, characterized records that the legally relevant data of a signature, the Druck- and Zeitver runs, in the form of a visible and invisible digital watermark and as forth conventional, forensically verifiable form as impressions of the pen tes are available in the paper version of the document.
DE19930908A 1999-07-06 1999-07-06 Integrity protection for electronic document with combination of visible, invisible-robust and invisible non-robust watermarks for on-line verification Withdrawn DE19930908A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19930908A DE19930908A1 (en) 1999-07-06 1999-07-06 Integrity protection for electronic document with combination of visible, invisible-robust and invisible non-robust watermarks for on-line verification

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19930908A DE19930908A1 (en) 1999-07-06 1999-07-06 Integrity protection for electronic document with combination of visible, invisible-robust and invisible non-robust watermarks for on-line verification

Publications (1)

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DE19930908A1 true DE19930908A1 (en) 2001-01-11

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1333658A2 (en) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-06 Markany Inc. Apparatus and method for producing a watermarked document and for authenticating the same
WO2006084252A2 (en) 2005-02-03 2006-08-10 Pitney Bowes Inc. Method for two-channel coding of a message
US7496635B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2009-02-24 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for securing online chat conversations
GB2511813A (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-17 Adaptive Neural Biometrics Ltd A method, apparatus and system of encoding content and an image
US9053309B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2015-06-09 Applied Neural Technologies Limited Behaviometric signature authentication system and method
US9563926B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-02-07 Applied Materials Technologies Limited System and method of encoding content and an image

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1333658A2 (en) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-06 Markany Inc. Apparatus and method for producing a watermarked document and for authenticating the same
EP1333658A3 (en) * 2002-02-01 2004-06-30 Markany Inc. Apparatus and method for producing a watermarked document and for authenticating the same
US7496635B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2009-02-24 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for securing online chat conversations
US7657604B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2010-02-02 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for securing online chat conversations
WO2006084252A2 (en) 2005-02-03 2006-08-10 Pitney Bowes Inc. Method for two-channel coding of a message
EP1846922A2 (en) * 2005-02-03 2007-10-24 Pitney Bowes, Inc. Method for two-channel coding of a message
EP1846922A4 (en) * 2005-02-03 2009-04-08 Pitney Bowes Inc Method for two-channel coding of a message
GB2511813A (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-17 Adaptive Neural Biometrics Ltd A method, apparatus and system of encoding content and an image
US9053309B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2015-06-09 Applied Neural Technologies Limited Behaviometric signature authentication system and method
GB2511813B (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-10-28 Applied Neural Technologies Ltd A method, apparatus and system of encoding content and an image
US9563926B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-02-07 Applied Materials Technologies Limited System and method of encoding content and an image
US9741085B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2017-08-22 Artificial Intelligence Research Group Limited System and method of encoding content and an image

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