DE19649855B4 - Repeater for radio signals - Google Patents
Repeater for radio signals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE19649855B4 DE19649855B4 DE19649855A DE19649855A DE19649855B4 DE 19649855 B4 DE19649855 B4 DE 19649855B4 DE 19649855 A DE19649855 A DE 19649855A DE 19649855 A DE19649855 A DE 19649855A DE 19649855 B4 DE19649855 B4 DE 19649855B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- repeater
- radio
- control unit
- base station
- radio signals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
- H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
- H04B7/2603—Arrangements for wireless physical layer control
- H04B7/2609—Arrangements for range control, e.g. by using remote antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
- H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
- H04B7/15542—Selecting at relay station its transmit and receive resources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/24—Cell structures
- H04W16/26—Cell enhancers or enhancement, e.g. for tunnels, building shadow
Abstract
Repeater für Funksignale für den mobilen Einsatz in digitalen zellularen Funknetzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Downlink- (RZ1) und/oder Uplink-Zweig (RZ2) des Repeaters empfangenen Funksignale demoduliert werden, und anschließend die so gewonnenen digitalen Datenströme wieder normgerecht moduliert, verstärkt und ausgesendet werden, daß eine intelligente Steuereinheit (12) vorgesehen ist, die während der Bewegung des Repeaters durch die Funkzellen durch Überwachung des Signalisierungsverkehrs im Funknetz und selbständige Abstimmung der vom Repeater übertragenen Frequenzkanäle auf die von der Nachbarfunkzelle verwendeten Kanäle einen Wechsel der Funkverbindung (Handover) in eine neue Funkzelle unterstützt.Repeaters for radio signals for mobile use in digital cellular radio networks, characterized in that the radio signals received in the downlink (RZ1) and / or uplink branch (RZ2) of the repeater are demodulated, and then the digital data streams thus obtained are again modulated in accordance with the standards, Reinforced and transmitted that an intelligent control unit (12) is provided which, during the movement of the repeater through the radio cells, by monitoring the signaling traffic in the radio network and independently tuning the frequency channels transmitted by the repeater to the channels used by the neighboring radio cell ( Handover) into a new radio cell.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Repeater für Funksignale, für den mobilen Einsatz in digitalen, zellularen Funknetzen.The invention relates to a repeater for radio signals, for the mobile use in digital, cellular radio networks.
Ein Repeater ist eine Art Relaisstation, welcher die von einer Basisstation eines Funknetzes ausgestrahlten Funksignale empfängt, verstärkt und wieder aussendet, so daß diese von Mobilstationen des Funknetzes empfangen werden können. Natürlich arbeitet ein Repeater auch in entgegengesetzter Richtung, d. h. die von einer Mobilstation abgestrahlten Funksignale werden durch den Repeater an eine Basisstation des Funknetzes weitergeleitet. In zellularen Funknetzes werden häufig Repeater zur Erweiterung eines Funkversorgungsbereiches, z. B. für die Versorgung von Tunneln, großen Gebäuden, Bergtälern oder ähnlichem eingesetzt. Der Einsatz von Repeatern ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn aufgrund fehlender Infrastruktur die leitungsgemäße Anschaltung einer herkömmlichen Basisstation nicht oder nur mit unverhältnismäßig großem Aufwand möglich ist. Es gibt auch für den mobilen Einsatz vorgesehene Repeater, insbesondere für den Einsatz in Zügen.A repeater is a kind of relay station, which broadcasts from a base station of a radio network Receives radio signals, reinforced and sends out again so that this can be received by mobile stations of the radio network. Of course it works a repeater also in the opposite direction, d. H. that of one Mobile station radiated radio signals are transmitted through the repeater forwarded to a base station of the radio network. In cellular Radio networks are becoming common Repeater for expanding a radio coverage area, e.g. B. for supply of tunnels, big ones buildings, mountain valleys or similar used. The use of repeaters is particularly advantageous if if due to a lack of infrastructure, the line connection a conventional one Base station is not possible or only with disproportionate effort. There is also for Repeaters intended for mobile use, especially for use on trains.
Das Prinzip herkömmlicher Repeater ist die bidirektionale Verstärkung der Funksignale in Uplink- und Downlink-Richtung, wobei die Funksignale auf derselben Frequenz ausgesendet werden, auf der sie empfangen wurden. Das von der Basisstation entstammende Downlink-Signal wird mit einer Anbindungsantenne empfangen, im Downlink-Zweig des Repeaters verstärkt, gefiltert und über eine Versorgungsantenne in Richtung zur Mobilstation ausgesendet. Gleichzeitig wird das von der Mobilstation stammende Uplink-Signal mit der Versorgungsantenne empfangen, im Uplink-Zweig des Repeaters verstärkt, gefiltert und über die Anbindungsantenne zur Basisstation ausgesendet. Beim Einsatz in Fahrzeugen, wie z. B. in Schnellzügen, ist man darauf angewiesen, Breitbandrepeater einzusetzen, welche einen großen Bereich der im Funknetz verwendeten Frequenzen übertragen, um die Funktion in jeder durchfahrenen Zelle zu gewährleisten. Durch die Breitbandarbeitsweise des Repeaters treten dabei naturgemäß Verzerrungen des Signals auf (Phasen- und Amplitudenfehler, Intermodulation, Rauschen und ähnliches), die sich sehr nachteilig auf die Qualität der Funkverbindung auswirken.The principle of conventional repeaters is bidirectional reinforcement of the radio signals in the uplink and downlink direction, the radio signals are broadcast on the same frequency on which they are received were. The downlink signal originating from the base station is received with a connection antenna, in the downlink branch of the repeater strengthened filtered and over a service antenna is emitted towards the mobile station. At the same time, the uplink signal originating from the mobile station received with the supply antenna, amplified in the uplink branch of the repeater, filtered and over the connection antenna is transmitted to the base station. When using in vehicles such as B. in express trains, one is dependent on To use broadband repeaters, which cover a large area of the radio network used frequencies transmitted, to ensure the function in every cell passed through. The broadband mode of operation of the repeater naturally causes distortions of the signal (phase and amplitude errors, intermodulation, Noise and the like), which have a very negative impact on the quality of the radio connection.
Aus der
Die
Die
Aus der
Die WO 89/10660 A1 betrifft einen Repeater für TDMA-Mobilkommunikationssysteme mit mehreren auf verschiedene Frequenzen eingestellte Einkanalverstärkern. Es ist eine Steuerungseinheit vorhanden, welche die Kanäle des zu versorgenden Frequenzbandes absucht und einen Kanal mit Funkverkehr identifiziert, und den entsprechenden Verstärker auf diesen Kanal schaltet.WO 89/10660 A1 relates to one Repeater for TDMA mobile communication systems with several single-channel amplifiers set to different frequencies. It there is a control unit that controls the channels of the searching frequency band and a channel with radio traffic identified, and switches the corresponding amplifier on this channel.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Repeater der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, daß die verarbeiteten Funksignale möglichst wenig Qualitätsverlust erleiden und ein störungsfreier, mobiler Einsatz des Repeaters gewährleistet ist.The object of the invention is therefore to develop a repeater of the type mentioned in such a way that the processed Radio signals as little as possible loss of quality suffer and a trouble-free, mobile use of the repeater is guaranteed.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1.This task is solved by the features of claim 1.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous further developments of Invention are in the subclaims specified.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Repeater, der die empfangenen Signale demoduliert und anschließend neu moduliert, sowie eine Auswahl der zu repeatierenden Frequenzen trifft.The invention relates to a repeater that demodulates the received signals and then modulates them again, and a selection of the repeating frequencies.
Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin, daß das bei analogen Repeatern unvermeidliche, große Rauschen nicht auftritt und somit die Qualität der Funkverbindung erheblich verbessert wird. Weiterer, wesentlicher Vorteil ist, daß durch die erfindungsgemäße intelligente Steuereinheit, ein aufgrund eines Zellwechsels notwendiger Kanalwechsel erkannt wird, was die Handover-Prozedur erheblich erleichtert und den Repeater besonders geeignet für den Einsatz in Fahrzeugen macht.The advantage of the invention is that at analog repeaters inevitable, large noise does not occur and thus the quality the radio connection is significantly improved. Another, more essential The advantage is that by the intelligent according to the invention Control unit, a channel change necessary due to a cell change is recognized, which considerably facilitates the handover procedure and the Repeater particularly suitable for makes use in vehicles.
Der erfindungsgemäße Repeater arbeitet nach folgendem
Wirkprinzip;
Das empfangene Signal wird wie in einer Funkstation des
betreffenden Funknetzes (Mobilstation oder Basisstation) gefiltert,
verstärkt
und demoduliert. Dabei wird vorzugsweise die Empfangsfeldstärke gemessen
und als Steuersignal für
die Steuerung der Ausgangsleistung des Sendeverstärkers verwendet.
Bei Funknetzen, die mit TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access: Vielfachzugriff
im Zeitmultiplex) arbeiten, erfolgt die Messung der Empfangsfeldstärke auf
Zeitschlitzbasis. Der demodulierte, digitale Datenstrom wird einem
Modulator zugeführt,
verstärkt
und wieder ausgesendet.The repeater according to the invention works according to the following operating principle;
The received signal is filtered, amplified and demodulated as in a radio station of the radio network concerned (mobile station or base station). The reception field strength is preferably measured and used as a control signal for controlling the output power of the transmission amplifier. In radio networks that work with TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), the reception field strength is measured on a time slot basis. The demodulated digital data stream is fed to a modulator, amplified and sent out again.
Darüber hinaus wird bei TDMA-Systemen eine systemengerechte Formung der Burst-Flanken (Power-Ramping) vorgenommen, um ein möglichst schmales Schaltspektrum zu erhalten. Die Burst-Amplitude wird durch die gemessene Empfangsfeldstärke gesteuert. Zur Stabilisierung der Amplitudensteuerung gegenüber Störungen durch Fading kann dabei eine Mittelung des Empfangssignals über mehrere Zeitrahmen durchgeführt werden.In addition, a TDMA system system-specific shaping of the burst edges (power ramping), to be as narrow as possible To get the switching spectrum. The burst amplitude is controlled by the measured field strength. It can be used to stabilize the amplitude control against interference from fading the received signal can be averaged over several time frames.
Da der Repeater nur kanalselektiv arbeiten kann, ist im Falle des Einsatzes in Fahrzeugen eine Adaption an die jeweilige Zellsituation, d. h. die in der Zelle verwendeten Frequenzkanäle erforderlich. Dies wird durch das Überwachen der Downlink-Signalisierung, d. h. der Signalisierung von der Basisstation zur Mobilstation, erreicht.Since the repeater is only channel-selective can work is an adaptation in the case of use in vehicles to the respective cell situation, d. H. those used in the cell frequency channels required. This is done by monitoring the downlink signaling, d. H. signaling from the base station to the mobile station, reached.
Durch die intelligente Steuereinheit im Repeater läßt sich erreichen, daß der Repeater nur die Frequenzen der am stärksten zu empfangenden Basisstation (Funkzelle) des jeweiligen Funknetzes behandeln muß (empfangen, demodulieren und modulieren), zuzüglich der Frequenz des Organisationskanals der nächst stärkeren Nachbarzelle (welche durch die Logik des Repeaters ermittelt werden muß). Dazu muß die intelligente Steuereinheit des Repeaters den Signalisierungsverkehr überwachen und folgende Informationen daraus extrahieren:
- 1. die Liste der in der stärksten Zelle (Serving Cell) verwendeten Frequenzen,
- 2. die Liste der Organisationskanäle der Nachbarzelle,
- 3. je nach Funksystem auch Informationen über die Sequenz von Frequenzsprungverfahren (Frequency Hopping) sowie deren konkreten Ablauf.
- 1. the list of the frequencies used in the strongest cell (serving cell),
- 2. the list of the organizational channels of the neighboring cell,
- 3. Depending on the radio system, information about the sequence of frequency hopping (frequency hopping) and its specific sequence.
Wird der Repeater durch eine Zelle bewegt, so muß dessen Steuereinheit selbst die Entscheidung über den bevorstehenden Wechsel in eine neue Funkzelle treffen können und auch die am besten geeignete Zelle auswählen. Ist ein Zellwechsel (Handover) erforderlich, senkt der Repeater den Pegel der stärksten Zelle (Serving Cell) auf der Versorgungsseite ab und erhöht den Pegel der Zielzelle für den Wechsel, so daß die Steuerung des Funksystems automatisch den Wechsel der Verbindungen der Mobilstationen in die neue Zelle veranlaßt. Sobald die erste Mobilstation, die über den Repeater versorgt wird, in die neue Zelle gewechselt hat, muß der Repeater auch die Frequenzen der neuen, stärkeren bedienen können. Die Information, ob eine Mobilstation der repeatierten Zelle über den Repeater versorgt wird oder über den direkten Funkkontakt zur Basisstation, läßt sich über die zeitliche Beziehung beider Richtungen des Funkverkehrs und über die Leistung des Signals der Mobilstation, das der Repeater empfängt, ermitteln.The repeater is replaced by a cell moved, so it must Control unit itself making the decision about the upcoming change can meet in a new radio cell and also choose the most suitable cell. Is a cell change (handover) required, the repeater lowers the level of the strongest cell (Serving Cell) on the supply side and increases the level the target cell for the change so that the Control of the radio system automatically changing connections of the mobile stations into the new cell. Once the first mobile station, the above the repeater is supplied, has changed into the new cell, the repeater must also the frequencies of the new, stronger ones can operate. The information as to whether a mobile station of the repeated cell via the Repeater is supplied or via the direct radio contact to the base station can be determined by the temporal relationship both directions of radio traffic and about the power of the signal the mobile station that the repeater receives.
Je Repeater-Zweig werden Funktionseinheiten wie Kanalfilter, Demodulator, Modulator und Sendeverstärker gegebenenfalls entsprechend der Anzahl der Hochfrequenzkanäle mehrfach parallel geschaltet.Functional units are created for each repeater branch such as channel filter, demodulator, modulator and transmission amplifier, if appropriate the number of radio frequency channels connected several times in parallel.
Der Repeater enthält ein Frequenznormal, welches zweckmäßigerweise über den Synchronisationskanal des von der Basisstation kommenden Downlink-Kanals synchronisiert wird. Dieses Frequenznormal dient als zentraler Taktgeber zur Generierung der Trägerfrequenz, der Modulation, gegebenenfalls der Burstformung etc.The repeater contains a frequency standard, which expediently via the Synchronization channel of the downlink channel coming from the base station is synchronized. This frequency standard serves as a central clock to generate the carrier frequency, modulation, burst formation, etc.
Über eine Datenverbindung in Form eines Funkkanals zwischen Repeater und Basisstation, welcher Funkkanal Bestandteil der vom Repeater verwendeten Kanäle ist, läßt sich eine Fernsteuerung und Fernüberwachung des Repeaters realisieren. Die Realisierung dieser Datenverbindung übernimmt eine Baugruppe, die die Funktionalität einer datenfähigen Mobilstation hat und welche Teil der intelligenten Steuereinheit ist. Diese kann entweder direkt mit der Anbindungsantenne gekoppelt oder über einen Multiplexer/Demultiplexer an die digitalen Datenströme der beiden Repeater-Zweige angekoppelt sein und auf diese zugreifen.about a data connection in the form of a radio channel between repeaters and base station, which radio channel is part of that used by the repeater channels is, can remote control and monitoring of the repeater. The implementation of this data connection takes over Assembly that functionality a data-capable Mobile station and which part of the intelligent control unit is. This can either be directly coupled to the connection antenna or about a multiplexer / demultiplexer to the digital data streams of the two Repeater branches must be coupled and access them.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von lediglich einen Ausführungsweg darstellenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Hierbei gehen aus den Zeichnungen und ihrer Beschreibung weitere erfindungswesentliche Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung hervor.The invention is explained below of just one way of execution illustrative drawings explained. Here go from the drawings and their description essential features and advantages of the invention.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Ein klassischer Repeater gemäß
Der erfindungsgemäße Repeater gemäß
Das von der Mobilstation BTS kommende Funksignal
wird über
einen Duplex-Filter
Der Repeater verfügt über eine intelligente Steuereinheit
Die Steuereinheit
Die Steuereinheit
Die Steuereinheit
- 11
- Anbindungsantenneconnection antenna
- 22
- Versorgungsantennesupply antenna
- 33
- Duplex-FilterDuplex filter
- 44
- Vorverstärkerpreamplifier
- 55
- Mischermixer
- 66
- Lokaloszillatorlocal oscillator
- 77
- Kanalfilterchannel filter
- 88th
- Demodulatordemodulator
- 99
- Modulatormodulator
- 1010
- Sendeverstärkertransmission amplifier
- 1111
- Frequenznormalfrequency standard
- 1212
- Intelligente Steuereinheitintelligent control unit
- 1313
- Multiplexer/DemultiplexerMultiplexer / demultiplexer
- BTSBTS
- BasistationBasistation
- MSMS
- Mobilstationmobile station
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19649855A DE19649855B4 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1996-12-02 | Repeater for radio signals |
CZ19991957A CZ293914B6 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Repeater for relaying radio signals |
US09/319,133 US6459881B1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Repeater for radio signals |
HU0000385A HU224081B1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Repeater for radio signals |
DE59711008T DE59711008D1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | REPEATER FOR RADIO SIGNALS |
PL97333548A PL185824B1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Broadcasting repeater |
PCT/DE1997/002807 WO1998025421A2 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Repeater for radio signals |
EP97951106A EP0943218B1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Repeater for radio signals |
AT97951106T ATE254380T1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | REPEATER FOR RADIO SIGNALS |
AU54772/98A AU5477298A (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Repeater for radio signals |
CA002287457A CA2287457C (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | Repeater for radio signals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19649855A DE19649855B4 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1996-12-02 | Repeater for radio signals |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19649855A1 DE19649855A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
DE19649855B4 true DE19649855B4 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
Family
ID=7813341
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19649855A Expired - Lifetime DE19649855B4 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1996-12-02 | Repeater for radio signals |
DE59711008T Expired - Lifetime DE59711008D1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | REPEATER FOR RADIO SIGNALS |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE59711008T Expired - Lifetime DE59711008D1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-12-02 | REPEATER FOR RADIO SIGNALS |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6459881B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0943218B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE254380T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5477298A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2287457C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ293914B6 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19649855B4 (en) |
HU (1) | HU224081B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL185824B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998025421A2 (en) |
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- 1996-12-02 DE DE19649855A patent/DE19649855B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1997-12-02 AU AU54772/98A patent/AU5477298A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-12-02 DE DE59711008T patent/DE59711008D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-02 EP EP97951106A patent/EP0943218B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-02 WO PCT/DE1997/002807 patent/WO1998025421A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-12-02 AT AT97951106T patent/ATE254380T1/en active
- 1997-12-02 CZ CZ19991957A patent/CZ293914B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-02 PL PL97333548A patent/PL185824B1/en unknown
- 1997-12-02 CA CA002287457A patent/CA2287457C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-02 HU HU0000385A patent/HU224081B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-02 US US09/319,133 patent/US6459881B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HU224081B1 (en) | 2005-05-30 |
DE59711008D1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
DE19649855A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
CZ293914B6 (en) | 2004-08-18 |
WO1998025421A2 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
WO1998025421A3 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
US6459881B1 (en) | 2002-10-01 |
HUP0000385A3 (en) | 2001-08-28 |
ATE254380T1 (en) | 2003-11-15 |
CA2287457A1 (en) | 1998-06-11 |
EP0943218B1 (en) | 2003-11-12 |
EP0943218A2 (en) | 1999-09-22 |
HUP0000385A2 (en) | 2000-06-28 |
PL185824B1 (en) | 2003-08-29 |
AU5477298A (en) | 1998-06-29 |
CA2287457C (en) | 2006-01-10 |
CZ195799A3 (en) | 1999-10-13 |
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