DE19615102A1 - Water purification system producing potable water and suitable for e.g. household use - Google Patents

Abstract

An original water purification system produces potable water, which is held in the filtrate vessel (1). This includes a lower, tapered-collar (3), cartridge (4) holder (2), and an inter-chamber (5). On the lower holder (2), rests a tapered-collar (7) cartridge (8) holder (6); above this is the upper tank (9) with filter supply system (10). Original features include the separate and lower arrangement of the upper cartridge holder (6) in relation to the upper tank (9). The tapered collar (3) of the lower cartridge holder (2) is higher than the first tapered collar (7) of the upper cartridge holder (6) in the filtrate vessel.

Description

The invention relates to a device for purifying water for drinking water treatment with a filtrate container to hold purified drinking water, one in it insertable lower cartridge holder that has a second funnel neck with inserted second Cartridge and an intermediate chamber, one on the lower cartridge holder attachable upper cartridge holder with first funnel neck for a first cartridge and one upper tank with supply means for the water to the first cartridge.

A device similar to the above type is for desalting drinking water in the Household known. The filtrate container is there with a pouring spout and a handle provided collecting container, as it is known from the known water purification devices (BRITA Filter) is known. The lower cartridge holder with the second funnel neck attached at the bottom is designed just like the well-known BRITA filters. But on the upper edge is the upper one Cartridge holder with the first funnel neck and the collecting container arranged above arranged that both cartridges are arranged one above the other lying almost in the same axis  are. Such a device is used to clean an amount of water, such as for a teapot is thought to be twice the amount at most. You wanted this device for larger batches design, it would be unwieldy and almost no longer for the normal end user handle because it becomes too bulky and too heavy. By arranging the cartridges one above the other, the known device also receives a considerable amount, which is reasonable Use cannot be increased without limits.

There is not enough edible drinking water available in many countries. One knows on the other hand, that harmful bacteria and viruses through suitable cleaning agents, for example those with iodine resin can be rendered harmless. One by chemical means in essential disinfected water also has the disadvantage that despite a Filter passage has a bad taste, which you can filter through another Example cleaning with activated carbon or silver-plated activated carbon, could remove. Did you want that Desalination device of the type described above with the two series connected Use cartridges, then the handle could only be used for limited cleaning volumes to ensure. If in another special application cleaning agents, such as Iodine resins, should be used, then the container (cartridge) with this Cleaning agents remain moist for a long time, which is not the case with the known device succeed.

The invention is therefore based on the object, the known cleaning device for a better handling with larger amounts of water, for example 2 liters, 3 liters of water in Filtrate container or more suitable design and preferably for the humidification of Care must be taken of cleaning agents in at least one cartridge.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the upper cartridge holder is separate from the upper tank and below it and that the second funnel neck of the lower Cartridge holder higher than the first funnel neck of the upper cartridge holder in the filtrate container is arranged. So that the new cleaning device also in Third World countries and beyond remote places and can be used there is aware of a complicated technique have been dispensed with, and instead rely on the principle of gravitation, i. H. the drive comes about through the weight of the water. It flows from the top down, and as a result, the arrangements are designed accordingly.

The second funnel neck of the lower cartridge holder is located on one in the filtrate container higher level than the first funnel neck of the upper cartridge holder arranged next to it.  

This makes it possible to wet the cartridge located in the first funnel neck hold.

The separate arrangement of the upper tank is particularly advantageous. In the case of the invention Device it is possible to have an upper tank with a capacity of 10 liters of water to build and use according to the invention. Due to the separate arrangement of the upper tank you can put it under a tap or fountain outlet, fill it and then assemble with the other parts of the cleaning device according to the invention. The upper tank is expediently provided with carrying means, for example also a horizontal one provided upper flange, which is transported through the Relieved user. The bottom of such a tank can be made more stable, as if a funnel neck were attached in one piece below. Therefore, through the separate Execution according to the invention, the upper cartridge holder placed on the filtrate container remain while the upper tank is removed for filling and then replaced. The good handling of the cleaning device according to the invention is also evident larger amounts of water, for example 10 liters.

It is expedient if, according to the invention, the feed means of the upper tank have one have a controllable closure valve provided outlet opening. By controlling the Closure valves, the user has the opportunity to start the filtering operation exactly determine, namely if he causes the raw water by opening the shut-off valve drain the outlet opening down into the upper cartridge holder. On the other hand, the Operate the shutoff valve to close the exhaust port and the upper one Remove the tank from the device even if it is still partially filled in order to Fill example completely. Overall handling is further improved.

According to the invention, it is also favorable if the outlet opening faces downward extending ring support is provided and when the upper tank can be closed gas-tight. The Ring support connects to the bottom at the bottom so that it forms a kind of stand and that Lock valve protects. For example, a valve lifter can be moved within the ring support be provided and will not be damaged even if the removed tank on a Area is deposited. If the ring support has the shape of a support foot, it is advisable provide two additional support feet at a distance to create a three-point position.

The ring support can be used for another cheap function. It is down open, but closes off the room from the outside. In connection with the gas-tight  Closure of the upper tank then functions as an additional closure device the outlet opening. If the water that has run out through the outlet opening is so has accumulated far that the water level has reached the lower edge of the ring support or above this has risen to the top, the lower opening of the ring support is automatic closed with the result that from the gas-tight tank no further raw water can run out. In this way you have an automatic closure through the ring support in the event that water below due to lack of removal or deprivation from the fil pedal container does not flow in an undesirably large amount and the filtrate container about Overflow brings. By the height of the ring support you can rather influence that Take water level, which for a cheap operation of the cleaning according to the invention device is just still expedient.

Alternatively, you can replace the lower edge of the ring support with one in its walls Use the notch or recess made. The water level is then always up to climb the highest point of the recess and close the ring support from the outside.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the lower and the upper are Cartridge holder in the assembled state essentially within the outer contour of the Filtrate container. This shows the possibility of cleaning the invention direction very compact. The total height can be about the same in this way Sum of the heights of the filtrate container on the one hand and the upper tank on the other.

It is particularly advantageous if, according to the invention, the lower cartridge holder is on the side in addition to the second funnel neck has a cup-shaped intermediate chamber, the height of which is smaller than that of the filtrate container and larger than that of the second funnel neck and one Diameter that is suitable, the first funnel neck of the upper cartridge holder to record. While you always with known cleaning devices with two cartridges It is assumed that the two cartridges are also arranged one above the other if there is a flow provided by gravity alone, the invention takes a different path here because namely the second funnel neck is arranged next to the intermediate chamber. Both are in the filtrate container. The intermediate chamber is cup-shaped and designed so large that it takes up the first funnel neck of the upper cartridge holder. In this way it is possible to to arrange the first cartridge next to the second cartridge, and moreover even on one somewhat lower level with the result that the intermediate chamber after filling for the first time remains filled throughout the entire operation. Additionally in the intermediate chamber filled water always flows over the upper area above the intermediate chamber  arranged surface as over an overflow weir to the second funnel neck. Even if this Overflow surface is slightly inclined down to the second funnel neck, water can Only drain to the second funnel neck if the intermediate chamber overflows, so to speak. If you arrange a cartridge in this intermediate chamber, which is largely filled with water, then it can of course be kept moist.

Another advantage of this structure of the lower cartridge holder is that you can Water provides long distances because the water has to move as if to harass to find the way to the filtrate container. For example, the water deliberately flows through the first Cartridge in the first funnel neck initially downwards, rises high on the outside of it Intermediate chamber, until its upper end is reached, then flows over the overflow weir. H. the connection surface between the intermediate chamber on the one hand and the second funnel neck on the other hand into the second cartridge arranged in the latter, in order to pass down through this into the Filtrate container to flow. The detergent in the cartridges has in this way good opportunities for action.

It is also advantageous according to the invention if in the first funnel neck of the upper one Cartridge holder a through hole is arranged. The funnel neck is like the well-known BRITA filters from almost cylindrical jacket-shaped side walls, which are slightly down rejuvenated to run. The cartridge is inserted at the top, generally in liquid and gas-tight in such a way that liquid to be run from above can only be passed down through the cartridge itself and can run out of the funnel neck below. By a suitable height in this Side wall of the funnel neck or in the funnel neck itself you can see the water level define or localize, for example, that ensures that the detergent in the Cartridge is always in contact with water to a certain extent and is therefore moist is held. This can expediently decrease the effectiveness of iodine resin be prevented. There is also the option of connecting a ventilation duct to the passage connect the hole and lead to the edge area of the filtrate container. You prevent this shortens the flow paths from the through hole to the overflow.

According to the invention, the upper tank can also be closed by an upper floor, in whose fill hole a screw cap is arranged. The top shelf is expediently from a ring surface that is either polygonal, oval or circular and surrounds the filler hole. The latter itself can be closed by a screw cap, which can be used for filling or cleaning can be removed.  

It is also expedient if, according to the invention, the filler hole is provided with a ring shoulder Bracket of a pre-filter is provided. The prefilter can, for example, be a plastic mesh Be in the form of a coffee filter or the like. The filter can also be made of other materials exist, have stakes or the like. The purpose of this pre-filter is to remove suspended particles, Filter out dirt particles or the like from the poured raw water. In the bacteria and viruses still get into the upper tank this way, coarser ones However, dirt particles are screened out by the pre-filter.

For the inexpensive, tight closure of the upper tank, it is still favorable if According to the invention, the screw cap is rotatably connected to a pressure plate, the The outer edge can be pressed against a seal next to the filler hole. You can, for example the ring heel next to the fill hole so wide that in addition to the holder for the Pre-filter also has an annular groove in which, for example, an O-ring as a seal can be inserted. When closing the top panel, the outer edge is first the pressure plate placed on this O-ring and remains on it without moving while the screw cap can be turned and sufficient during its last turning movement Pressure on the O-ring exerts that the screw cap gas-tightly connected to the top floor is. The latter is gas-tightly connected to a radial outer flange at the top of the upper tank that after the screw cap is closed, the upper tank is sealed gas-tight.

For example, if you fill the first cartridge, which has a smaller outside diameter and one shorter in length than the second cartridge, with a detergent with ion exchange shear resin, which is loaded with iodine and possibly has a strong disinfectant effect, is then used in the Passing the water through the first cartridge achieves health cleaning because harmful bacteria and viruses are killed and the water is, in a sense, sterilized.

Then fill the second cartridge with a cleaning agent with activated carbon, if necessary also with an ion exchanger, preferably silvered activated carbon, then the Iodine taste removed so that in the second stage the taste of the drinking water is significantly improved.

As a consumer, for example, a family of four is thought of, for example 10 liters Drinking water needed a day. Assuming that the throughput time for 1 liter of water is about Is 20-30 minutes, then it is expedient if, according to the invention, the filtrate container and if necessary or the upper tank has a volume of 10 liters each. If you fill it upper tank full of raw water in the evening, one begins with the opening of the  Closure valve the filtration, then the next morning you can 10 liters in the filtrate container find purified drinking water.

Such a cleaning device is very useful and would help in numerous countries eliminate problems in drinking water caused by poor hygiene. From the Filtrate containers can be easily removed from drinking water by opening a tap. If you assume a cleaning effect for about 3000 liters for a cartridge, you can with a consumption of 10 liters of water per day, a family of four with for about a year Provide edible drinking water before the cartridges have to be replaced.

Further advantages, features and possible uses of the present invention result from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying Drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1 schematically the cross-sectional view of a cleaning device according to the invention in operation with some water levels,

Fig. 2 is an exploded, reduced cross-sectional view through the device of which the items are displayed one above the other,

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the upper tank and the cartridge holder from a view perpendicular to that in FIG. 1, arranged by the left shut-off valve when viewed in Fig. 1 from left to right, with the valve closed in Fig. 3,

Fig. 4, the valve itself and the valve lever on an enlarged scale compared to FIG. 3 in the open state;

Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the valve lever, reduced relative to the scale of Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the lower cartridge holder,

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the upper cartridge holder,

Fig. 8 is a cross section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7,

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the upper bottom,

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the top soil along the line XX of Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along the line XI-XI of Fig. 10,

Fig. 12 is a view of the upper floor from below,

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary left side cross-sectional view taken along the line XIII-XIII of Fig. 12,

Fig. 14 is a plan view of the printing plate with the centrally disposed nipple,

Fig. 15 is a plan view of the screw cap,

Fig. 16 is a side view of the screw cap when seen for example in Fig. 15 from left to right, with the gripping stud slightly arch,

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the bent strip when looking along the line XVII-XVII in Fig. 18 and

FIG. 18 is a top view of the strip of FIG. 17.

The water purification device according to the invention, of which a preferred embodiment is shown here, is constructed from the following parts, the numbering of which can be followed from bottom to top in FIG. 2: a filtrate container 1 , a lower cartridge holder 2 with a second funnel neck 3 detachably inserted second cartridge 4 and with the intermediate chamber 5 , above the upper cartridge holder 6 with the first funnel neck 7 and detachably inserted in this first cartridge 8 ; about the upper tank 9 to the supply means, generally designated 10 and above the pre-filter 11, the pressure plate 12, the screw cap 13 and the strips 14 of plastic.

The filtrate container 1 stands on four feet 15 , which preferably have a rubber base for a better stand. On at least one side there is an opening 16 in the lower region of the filtrate container 1 , to which an unillustrated water tap or a drain valve is attached.

The lower cartridge holder 2 is loosely placed on the upper edge 17 of the filtrate container 1 . In Fig. 1 is shown one of several exhaust passages 18 through which air above the water level 19 of the filtrate container 1 upward and radially outward escape can.

The lower cartridge holder 2 can be seen in cross-sectional views in FIGS. 1 to 3 and in a top view in FIG. 6. In the upper plane 20 there is a short upstanding edge 21 in the radially outer region thereof for centering the upper cartridge holder 6 loosely placed on top . Within the same in a plan view of FIG. 6 as arrow-shaped recess 22 is arranged, which is delimited by a wall 23 downwardly in the in the two end regions a larger hole 24 and a smaller hole 25 are located. The provided in Fig. 6 above and below the smaller hole 25 lateral Endbogenberei che 26 serve to support foot shots, which will be described. The intermediate chamber 5 connects under the larger hole 24 . In the example shown here, it has a capacity of approx. 1.4 liters, is completely closed and has the shape of a cup. From the surface 23 of the arrow-shaped recess 22 downwards, the height is H = 12 cm, and from this surface 23 upwards to the upper level 20 , the small height is h = 3 cm.

On the right side of the recess 22 shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6 there is the smaller hole 25 , to which the second funnel neck 3 adjoins at the bottom, which is open at the bottom. The second cartridge 4 is inserted into these, as shown in FIG. 1. The second funnel neck 3 has a height H₃, which is smaller than the size H of the intermediate chamber 5th From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the first cartridge 8 sits lower than the second cartridge 4 , which is located in this second funnel neck 3 .

In the lower cartridge holder 2 , the upper cartridge holder 6 can be inserted, the cross-sectional view of which is shown in FIGS. 1-3 and 8 (for the support leg) and the top view of which is shown in FIG. 7. This upper cartridge holder is also surrounded by an edge 27 which has a wall 28 which is slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal. The middle surface of the upper cartridge holder 6 is provided with an elongated recess 29 , which is preferably molded in for reasons of stability. The inclinations of the wall 28 and the recess 29 lead to an outflow opening 30 which is formed by a truncated cone tapering downwards. The first funnel neck 7 adjoins its lower, tapered end, as can also be seen in FIG. 3. This is also open at the bottom and is suitable for receiving the first cartridge 8 , which is shown inserted in FIG. 1. The ring-shaped inlet slots 31 of this first cartridge 8 are of the same size, but are arranged on the same diameter as that of the second cartridge 4 . This ring of inlet slots 31 is, however, below the level of the wall 23 of the lower cartridge holder 2 . The main body of the first cartridge 8 containing the cleaning agent has a smaller diameter than the first funnel neck 7 , so that an annular space 32 results in the space around the first cartridge 8 . This does not exist outside the second cartridge 4 within the second funnel neck 3 . Since each cartridge and in particular also the first cartridge 8 at the upper end of the first Trichterhal ses 7 is used gas-tight and in particular liquid-tight clamping, a slight excess pressure arises in the annular space 32 when the water level 33 rises in the first funnel neck 7 .

Approximately halfway up the first funnel neck 7 there is a through hole 34 in the weakly conical first funnel neck 7 , through which air from the space above the water level 33 can rise outwards into the space above the water level 35 in the lower cartridge holder 2 . The water level 33 will therefore rise approximately to the level of the through hole 34 during operation, possibly also a little higher, but is then prevented from rising further by the excess air pressure which arises in the annular space 32 above it.

In the frustoconical outflow opening 30 of the upper cartridge holder 6 , an annular support 36 protrudes from above, which apart from FIGS . 1 and 2 is also shown enlarged in FIGS. 3-5. It is attached to the bottom 37 of the upper tank 9 and is open in the form of a circular disk at the bottom. At the top, the ring support 36 is closed by the floor 37 except for the outlet opening 38 . The ring support 36 surrounds a valve tappet 39 , which holds a valve cone 40 at the top and closes the outlet opening 38 in the position indicated, for example, in FIG. 3. A spring 41 biases the valve plug 40 into the closed position.

In FIGS. 3-5 is seen a valve actuating or lever 42 which is rotatable about the horizontal axis 43 so that the valve lever 42 concerned in Figs. 3 and 4, a clockwise rotation of the valve to open 39-41 or the outlet opening 38 . In this position, the valve lever 42 can be fixed by locking means 44 .

The ring support 36 is provided on two diametrically opposite sides with a rectangular notch 45 , 45 '. The notch 45 'shown on the right in FIG. 4 serves at the same time for the passage of the left end of the valve lever 42 inside the ring support 36 , where the valve lifter 39 is to be actuated.

On the right half of the upper cartridge holder 6 shown in FIG. 7 there are receptacles 46 , the cross section of which is shown in FIG. 8, approximately in the first and fourth quadrants. Support feet can protrude into these receptacles 46 , which protrude at a corresponding location from the bottom 37 of the upper tank 9 at a distance from the ring support 36 . The ring support 36 on the one hand and the support feet 47 on the other hand allow the upper tank 9 to be set up on a level in such a way that the bottom 37 is also essentially horizontal. This makes it easier to fill the upper tank 9 . In FIGS. 3 and 4, it also provides for a recess 48 in the bottom 37 of the upper tank 9, in order to enable the arrangement and movements of the actuating or valve lever 42.

The upper tank 9 has, at its upper end, a flange 49 lying in a horizontal plane and running around the tank, with which an annular upper floor 50 is connected in a gas-tight manner. A cross-sectional view along the line XIII-XIII shows in Fig. 13 the Ausgestal device of the outer edge of the top floor.

Inside, the top floor 50 has a filling hole 51 with a ring shoulder 52 for holding the prefilter 11 . An enlarged and broken cross-sectional view of this ring shoulder 52 is shown in FIG. 11. It can be seen that there is an annular groove 53 outside the prefilter 11 , in which an O-ring can be inserted. Even further radially outside is an upwardly projecting collar 54 with an internal thread 55 .

As shown in FIG. 1 can be applied to the annular shoulder 52 around the fill hole 51 around after the pre-filter is inserted 11, the pressure plate are placed 12 which seals at clamping pressure from above against the O-ring in the groove 53. The pressure plate 12 can be seen in a top view in FIG. 14 and has a raised nipple 56 in the middle, which is preferably hollow for reasons of tool technology. The screw cap 13 is rotatably connected to the pressure plate 12 via this nipple 56 . Namely, the nipple 56 is inserted through the hole 57 ( FIG. 15) of a centering body 58 , which is part of the screw cap 13 shown in FIGS . 15 and 16. Across the screw cover 13 extends from a peripheral edge of the same to the opposite a gripping bar 59 , which consists of two spaced, parallel side walls and is covered at the top by a plastic strip 14 after it is attached via its hooks 60 and 61 is.

It should be noted that all vents must be above water level 63 .

For operation, first make sure that the valve or operating lever 42 is in the closed position. Then you open the screw cap 13 and remove the pressure plate 12 , both of which can be removed with one movement by the connection via the nipple 56 . The upper tank 9 is filled with the water to be cleaned, for example with drinking water that is not entirely clean, with a vessel or through a water inlet. Coarse dirt particles and floating particles are retained by the prefilter 11 . Either you only partially fill the upper tank 9 with, for example, 3 liters or you fill it completely, depending on its capacity, with up to 10 liters of water.

Then the screw cap 13 is put on and sealed gas-tight by the screw thread. The position of the upper tank 9 shown in FIG. 1 with the upper floor 50 and the sealingly closed screw cap 13 is then reached.

The valve lever 42 is then moved downward and the valve 39-41 is brought into the position shown in FIG. 4 while opening the outflow opening 38 . The water now runs into the outlet 30 of the upper cartridge holder 6 and flows through the ring-shaped inlet slots 31 in the first cartridge 8 and into it at the top. The water flows down through this first cartridge 8, which contains iodine resin, for example, and emerges from the bottom of the first funnel neck 7 . It is preferred to immerse the cartridges in water for about 10 minutes before first use. The water flows down into the intermediate chamber 5 of the lower cartridge holder 2 and collects there. As water continues to flow, the liquid level 35 in the intermediate chamber 5 rises slowly. Because of the lateral passage hole 34 in the first funnel neck 7 , the water level 35 can rise up to the height of this passage hole 34 in the funnel neck 7 . The intermediate chamber 5 fills because the liquid mirror can also rise upwards beyond the height of the through hole 34 , for example up to the height of the water level 35 shown in FIG. 1. Via the wall 23, the water flows now 1 in Fig. To the right and is in the other hole in the second cartridge 4, in which, for example, activated carbon. After passing through this cartridge 4, the water, which has now also been tasted, drips into the filtrate container 1 and collects to form the water level 19 . This water level 19 can rise up to the upper edge of the notch 45 of the ring support 36 , because the air can escape to the outside through the vent 18 described above.

It should be noted that the intermediate chamber 5 is constantly in a state filled with water, with the result that the first cartridge 8 is always in contact with liquid due to the presence of the through hole 34 . The intermediate chamber 5 also remains filled when the water level 19 in the filtrate container 1 drops. Regardless of the fill level of the filtrate container 1 , the upper tank 9 can be refilled with water. To remove and refill the outlet opening 38 is of course closed with the help of the valve 39 , 40 . After the valve 39 , 40 , 41 has been put on and opened again, water can only flow downward from the upper tank 9 as long as the notch 45 is not closed by the water level 63 in the outlet opening 30 of the upper cartridge holder 6 . If the water level 63 reaches the upper edge of the notch 45 in the ring support 36 , then the notches 45 are closed, no air can flow in from the upper tank 9 for the compensation of water flowing out, and the water supply from above is stopped.

Reference list

1 filtrate container
2 lower cartridge holders
3 second funnel neck
4 second cartridge
5 intermediate chamber
6 upper cartridge holder
7 second funnel neck
8 first cartridge
9 upper tank
10 feed means
11 pre-filter
12 pressure plate
13 screw cap
14 plastic strips
15 feet
16 opening (for tap or drain valve)
17 upper edge of the filtrate container
18 ventilation channels
19 water level of the filtrate container
20 upper level
21 rand
22 arrow-shaped recess (recess)
23 wall
24 larger hole
25 smaller hole
26 side end bows
27 edge
28 horizontal wall
29 elongated recess
30 outlet opening
31 inlet slots
32 annulus
33 water level (first funnel neck)
34 through hole
35 space above water level (in the lower cartridge holder)
36 ring support
37 floor
38 outlet opening
39 valve lifters
40 valve cone
41 spring
42 actuating or valve lever
43 horizontal axis
44 locking means
45 rectangular notch
45 ′ rectangular notch
46 shots
47 support feet
48 recess
49 flange
50 topsoil
51 fill hole
52 ring heel
53 ring groove
54 fret
55 internal thread
56 nipples
57 holes
58 centering body
59 gripping bar
60 hooks
61 hooks
63 water level
H high height (the intermediate chamber)
h small height (between surface 23 and upper level 20 )

Claims (10)

1.Device for the purification of water for drinking water treatment with a filtrate container ( 1 ) for receiving purified drinking water, a lower cartridge holder ( 2 ) which can be used in this, which has a second funnel neck ( 3 ) with an inserted second cartridge ( 4 ) and one Intermediate chamber ( 5 ) has an upper cartridge holder ( 6 ) which can be placed on the lower cartridge holder and has a first funnel neck ( 7 ) for a first cartridge ( 8 ) and an upper tank ( 9 ) with feed means ( 10 ), characterized in that the upper cartridge holder (6) separate from the upper tank (9) and is arranged under the latter and in that the second hopper neck (3) of the upper cartridge holder (6) is arranged in the filtrate container (1) of the lower cartridge holder (2) higher than the first funnel neck (7) . 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply means ( 10 ) of the upper tank ( 9 ) have an outlet opening ( 38 ) provided with a controllable closure valve ( 39-41 ). 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outlet opening ( 38 ) is provided with a downwardly extending ring support ( 36 ) and the upper tank ( 9 ) can be closed gas-tight. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the lower ( 2 ) and the upper ( 6 ) cartridge holder are in the assembled state substantially within the outer contour of the filtrate container ( 1 ). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lower cartridge holder ( 2 ) laterally next to the second funnel neck ( 3 ) has a cup-shaped intermediate chamber ( 5 ) whose height (H) is smaller than that of the filtrate container ( 1 ) and larger than that (H₃) of the second funnel neck ( 3 ) and has a diameter for receiving the first funnel neck ( 7 ) of the upper cartridge holder ( 6 ). 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a through hole ( 34 ) is arranged in the first funnel neck ( 7 ) of the upper cartridge holder ( 6 ). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a ventilation channel is connected to the through hole ( 34 ) which leads up to the edge region of the filtrate container ( 1 ). 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the upper tank ( 9 ) by an upper floor ( 50 ) can be closed, in the filler hole ( 51 ) a screw cap ( 13 ) is arranged. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the filler hole ( 51 ) is provided with an annular shoulder ( 52 ) for holding a pre-filter ( 11 ). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the screw cap ( 13 ) is rotatably connected to a pressure plate ( 12 ) whose outer edge ( 62 ) can be pressed against a seal next to the filler hole ( 51 ).