DE1806721A1 - Electrical heating device with laminated insulation - Google Patents
Electrical heating device with laminated insulationInfo
- Publication number
- DE1806721A1 DE1806721A1 DE19681806721 DE1806721A DE1806721A1 DE 1806721 A1 DE1806721 A1 DE 1806721A1 DE 19681806721 DE19681806721 DE 19681806721 DE 1806721 A DE1806721 A DE 1806721A DE 1806721 A1 DE1806721 A1 DE 1806721A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water heater
- heater according
- layer
- insulation
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 11
- 238000009422 external insulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
- F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
- F24H1/142—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using electric energy supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
- H05B3/262—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an insulated metal plate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/283—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/286—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an organic material, e.g. plastic
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Elektrischer Durchlauferhitzer Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen elektrischen Durchlauferhitzer mit einem das zu erwärmende Wasser führenden Metallrohr, auf dessen Oberfläche elektrische Ileizleiter unter Zwischenlage einer Isolationsschicht aufgebracht sind. Electric water heater The invention relates to a electric water heater with a metal pipe carrying the water to be heated, on the surface of which electrical electrical conductors are interposed with an insulating layer are upset.
Bei einem bekannten Durchlauferhitzer ist die Isolationsschicht aus Glimmer gebildet. Die Schichtdicke ist so stark bemessen, dalX der heizleiter gegen das Metallrohr hinreichend spannungsfest isoliert ist. Bei Betriebsspannungen, die über den Niederspannungsbereich hinausgehen und bei höherer spezifischer elektrischer Belastung des Heizleiters ist jedoch eine so starke Glimmerschicht erforderlic, daß der Wärmeübergang vom Heizleiter auf das Metallrohr wesentlich behindert sein kann.In a known instantaneous water heater, the insulation layer is made of Mica formed. The layer thickness is so thick that the heat conductor is against the metal pipe is sufficiently insulated against stress. At operating voltages that Go beyond the low voltage range and at higher specific electrical However, a thick layer of mica is required to load the heating conductor that the heat transfer from the heating conductor to the metal pipe can be significantly hindered can.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es,einen Durchlauferhitzer zu schaffen, dessen Isolationssehicht bei ausreichender Spannungsfestigkeit auch bei höhErer spezifischer elektri4cher Belastung des Heizkörpers imstande ist, die Wärme vom Heizleiter auf die Fläche ohne nachteiligen Wärmestau zu übertragen.The object of the invention is to create a water heater, its insulation layer with sufficient dielectric strength even with higher specific electrical load on the radiator is able to dissipate the heat from Transfer heating conductors to the surface without disadvantageous heat build-up.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Isolationsschicht aus mindestens zwei koaxialen Lagen besteht, von denen die dem Heizleiter zugewandte Lage aus einem Glimoererzeugnis und die der Rohroberfläche zugewandte Lage aus Kunststoff wie Polytetrailuoraethylen (PTFE) oder Polyimid hesteht.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the insulation layer consists of at least two coaxial layers, of which the one facing the heating conductor Layer made from a Glimoererproduct and the layer made from plastic facing the pipe surface such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or polyimide.
Mit dieser Isolationsschicht lassen sich hervorragende Isolationsergebnisse erzielen, die mit einem der beiden Werkstoffe allein bei gleich guter Wärmeleitung nicht möglich sind. Durch den Kunststoff ist diese Schicht weitgehend gegen Feuchtigkeit unempfindlich und zusammen mit dem Glimmer schon bei geringen Schichtdicken spannungs- und temperaturtest. Eine besonders vorteilhafte Anwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Isolationsschicht ergibt sich für. den im Haushalt üblichen Spannungsbereich, wobei auch hohe spezifische elektrische Belastungen des Heizleiters ohne merkliche Verschlechterung des thermischen Wirkungsgrades des Durchlauferhitzers auf das zu erwärmende Wasser übertragen werden können.Excellent insulation results can be achieved with this insulation layer achieve that with one of the two materials alone with equally good heat conduction are not possible. Due to the plastic, this layer is largely against moisture insensitive and, together with the mica, tension-resistant even with thin layers and temperature test. A particularly advantageous application of the invention Insulation layer results for. the normal voltage range in the household, whereby also high specific electrical loads on the heating conductor without noticeable deterioration the thermal efficiency of the water heater on the water to be heated can be transferred.
Anhand der Zeichnung sei ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt und dessen Aufbau näher erläutert.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated with the aid of the drawing and its structure is explained in more detail.
Die Figur zeigt in Seitenansicht einen Schnitt durch den Wärmetauscher 1 eines elektrischen Durchlauierhitzers mit eine. das zu erwärmende Wasser führenden Metallrohr 2. Das Metallrohr ist von zwei koaxialen Isolierlagen 4 und 5 umgeben, mit denen die Isolationsschicht 3 gebildet ist. Auf die Isolationsschicht 3 ist ein Heizband 6 als Heizleiter aufgewickelt. Die dem Metallrohr 2 benachbarte Lage 4 ist aus PTFE und die dei Heizband 6 zugewandte Lage 5 aus Feinglimmer hergestellt. In nicht näher dargestellter Weise kann die Lage 5 auf der dem Heizband 6 zugewandten Seite durch ein Glasseidengewebe o.dgl. mechanisch verfestigt sein.The figure shows a side view of a section through the heat exchanger 1 of an electric continuous heater with a. carry the water to be heated Metal pipe 2. The metal pipe is surrounded by two coaxial insulating layers 4 and 5, with which the insulation layer 3 is formed. Is on the insulation layer 3 a heating tape 6 wound as a heating conductor. The layer adjacent to the metal pipe 2 4 is made of PTFE and the layer 5 facing the heating tape 6 is made of fine mica. In a manner not shown, the layer 5 on the heating tape 6 facing page through a glass silk fabric or the like. be mechanically strengthened.
Für die Haushalten üblichen leistungsstarken Durchlauferhitzer läßt sich iit eine Verhältnis der Lagenstärken von PTFE zu Glimmer von 3:4 ein Optimum an SpAnnungs- und Temperaturfestigkeit erzielen. So ist z.B. die Stärke der PTFE-Lage 4 bei einer Prüfspannung von 1250 V und einer spezifischen Heizkörper-2 belastung von 30 W/cu mit etwa 0,1 mm und die absolute Stärke der Glinoerlage 5 mit 0,12 Im gewählt. Die maximale Wäreebeständigkeit der einzelnen tage 4 und 5 entspricht dem Wäriegefälle vom Heizband 6 zum Rohr 2 und beträgt für die Lage 4 bis zu 2600 C und für die Lage 5 bis zu 5000 C.Can be used for the usual high-performance instantaneous water heater A ratio of the layer thicknesses of PTFE to mica of 3: 4 is an optimum Achieve tension and temperature resistance. For example, the thickness of the PTFE layer 4 at a test voltage of 1250 V and a specific radiator 2 load of 30 W / cu with about 0.1 mm and the absolute thickness of the Glinoerlage 5 with 0.12 Im chosen. The maximum heat resistance of the individual days 4 and 5 corresponds to this The heat gradient from the heating band 6 to the pipe 2 and is up to 2600 C for layer 4 and for layer 5 up to 5000 C.
Mit dem teilweise gezeichneten Anschlußband 7 ist das Heizband 6 an einer elektrischen Spannungsquelle angeschlossen. Anstelle des Heizbandes 6 können Heizdrähte verwendet sein. Auch ist es möglich, den Heizleiter als feinverteilte elektrisch leitende Schicht auf die Isolationsschicht 3 aufzubringen. In nicht näher dargestellter Weise kann der elektrische Anschluß des Heizbandes 6 oder der leitenden Schicht an das Netz durch Schellen hergestellt sein, die über das Heizband 6 geklemmt sind.With the partially drawn connection tape 7, the heating tape 6 is on connected to an electrical voltage source. Instead of the heating tape 6 can Heating wires must be used. It is also possible to use the heating conductor as finely divided to apply an electrically conductive layer to the insulation layer 3. In not closer The way shown, the electrical connection of the heating tape 6 or the conductive Layer to be made of the network by clamps, which are clamped over the heating tape 6 are.
Es bereitet keine Schwierigkeiten, die Heizbandwicklung mehrfach zu unterbrechen und die einzelnen Abschnitte elektrisch unabhängig voneinander zu betreiben. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich vorteilhafte Betriebsmöglichkeiten für Mehrphasenbetrieb und für unterschiedliche elektrische Leistungsaufteilung längs des Metallrohres 2.It is not difficult to rewind the heating tape several times interrupt and operate the individual sections electrically independently of each other. In this way, there are advantageous operating options for multi-phase operation and for different electrical power distribution along the metal tube 2.
Eine besondere Vereinfachung der Herstellung des Durchlauterhitzers ist damit erzielt, daß die PFTE-Lage 4 und die Glimmer lage 5 aus Isolierbändern gewickelt ist und daß die Breite der Bänder und des Heizbandes 6 so gewählt ist, daß sämtliche Bänder in einem Arbeitsgang mit gleicher Steigung gewickelt werden können.A particular simplification of the manufacture of the flow heater is achieved in that the PFTE layer 4 and the mica layer 5 made of insulating tapes is wound and that the width of the tapes and the heating tape 6 is chosen so that all tapes are wound in one operation with the same pitch can.
Eine einflache Außenisolation des Wärmetauschers 1 läßt sich mit einer Außenschicht 8 aus Glasseide o.dgl. erreichen, in die das Heizband 6 eingebettet sein kanne Dadurch wird die Wärmeabgabe nach außen abgeschirmt und gleichzeitig das spannungsführende Heizband 6 ver Berührung geschützt, wobei sich für das Heizband 6 eine feste Halterung auf die Isolationsschicht 3 ergibt. Die mechanische Festigkeit der Anordnung kann auch dadurch verstärkt sein, daß die Lagen 4 und 5 der Isolationsschicht 3 miteinander und gegebenenfalls it dem Heizband 6 und der Außenschicht 8 durch Klebung verbunden sind. Eine zusätzliche Außenfolie 10 aus Aluminium, die mit der Schicht 8 durch Klebung verbunden sein kann, vervollkommnet die Abschirmung. Schließlich wird die gesamte Anordnung durch Laschen 11 gefestigt, die den Wärmetauscher 1 umgreifen und diesen haltern.A flat outer insulation of the heat exchanger 1 can be with a Outer layer 8 made of fiberglass or the like. reach, in which the heating tape 6 is embedded This means that the heat dissipation is shielded from the outside and at the same time the live heating tape 6 protected against contact, being for the heating tape 6 results in a firm mounting on the insulation layer 3. The mechanical strength the arrangement can also be reinforced by the fact that the layers 4 and 5 of the insulation layer 3 with each other and optionally with the heating band 6 and the outer layer 8 Bonding are connected. An additional outer foil 10 made of aluminum, which with the Layer 8 can be bonded to complete the shielding. In the end the entire arrangement is secured by tabs 11 which encompass the heat exchanger 1 and these holders.
Der erfindungsgemäße Durchlauferhitzer eignet sich aufgrund seiner hervorragenden Spannungs- und Temperaturfestigkeit bei niedrigem Isolationsaufwand besonders für leistungsstarke Durchlauferhitzer. Das Metallrohr kann in nicht näher dargestellter Weise in beliebiger Form zu einer Wendel, Spirale oder zu einen Oval mit annähernd parallelen Seitenstrecken und diese verbindenden Bogenstrecken geformt sein. Bei besondere engen Krümmungsradien können die Bogenstrecken unbewickelt bleiben. Bei mehrphasiger Betriebsweise ergeben die unbewickelten Bogenstrecken natürliche Phasenanschlußpunkte für den Heizleiter.The water heater according to the invention is suitable because of its excellent voltage and temperature resistance with low insulation requirements especially for powerful instantaneous water heaters. The metal pipe cannot be closer shown way in any shape to a helix, spiral or oval formed with approximately parallel side stretches and these connecting arcuate stretches be. In the case of particularly narrow radii of curvature, the arched sections can remain unwound. In the case of multi-phase operation, the unwound arched sections result in natural ones Phase connection points for the heating conductor.
12 Patentansprüche 1 Figur12 claims 1 figure
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19681806721 DE1806721A1 (en) | 1968-11-02 | 1968-11-02 | Electrical heating device with laminated insulation |
CH1615869A CH499248A (en) | 1968-11-02 | 1969-10-30 | Electric heater |
FR6937615A FR2022477A1 (en) | 1968-11-02 | 1969-10-31 | Electrical heating device with laminated insulation |
NL6916436A NL6916436A (en) | 1968-11-02 | 1969-10-31 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19681806721 DE1806721A1 (en) | 1968-11-02 | 1968-11-02 | Electrical heating device with laminated insulation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1806721A1 true DE1806721A1 (en) | 1970-05-21 |
Family
ID=5712244
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19681806721 Pending DE1806721A1 (en) | 1968-11-02 | 1968-11-02 | Electrical heating device with laminated insulation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE1806721A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2570034A1 (en) * | 1984-08-16 | 1986-03-14 | Daimler Benz Ag | Electric driven auxiliary heater for bus |
EP0219126A2 (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1987-04-22 | Alligator Ventilfabrik GmbH | Washing liquid heating means in window washing arrangements of vehicles |
EP0462005A1 (en) * | 1990-06-14 | 1991-12-18 | Fujikura Ltd. | Coil, coil element, coil block, and heat generating motor, hot air blower and submersible water heater assembled therefrom |
EP0485211A1 (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-05-13 | Pifco Limited | Heating apparatus |
EP0591755A1 (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-13 | E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc und Fischer GmbH & Co. KG | Electric radiator fluids with continuous-flow heaters |
-
1968
- 1968-11-02 DE DE19681806721 patent/DE1806721A1/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2570034A1 (en) * | 1984-08-16 | 1986-03-14 | Daimler Benz Ag | Electric driven auxiliary heater for bus |
EP0219126A2 (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1987-04-22 | Alligator Ventilfabrik GmbH | Washing liquid heating means in window washing arrangements of vehicles |
EP0219126A3 (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1988-03-16 | Alligator Ventilfabrik GmbH | Washing liquid heating means in window washing arrangements of vehicles |
EP0462005A1 (en) * | 1990-06-14 | 1991-12-18 | Fujikura Ltd. | Coil, coil element, coil block, and heat generating motor, hot air blower and submersible water heater assembled therefrom |
US5164626A (en) * | 1990-06-14 | 1992-11-17 | Fujikura Ltd. | Coil element and heat generating motor assembled therefrom |
EP0485211A1 (en) * | 1990-11-09 | 1992-05-13 | Pifco Limited | Heating apparatus |
EP0591755A1 (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1994-04-13 | E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc und Fischer GmbH & Co. KG | Electric radiator fluids with continuous-flow heaters |
US5434388A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1995-07-18 | E.G.O. Elektro-Gerate Blanc U. Fischer | Electrical heater for media, particularly flow heater |
TR28725A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1997-02-20 | Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer | Mediocre electric heating body, especially Sofden. |
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