DE10231502A1 - window element - Google Patents

Abstract

Window element with at least one pane of glass or plastic glass, which has a coating on at least one side with a mirror coating, which acts as a mirror layer in one viewing direction and is transparent in the opposite viewing direction (semipermeable mirror layer), at least one illuminant (102) being provided, which is arranged on the end face in front of one of the panes (100) and shines light into the end face of this pane, the pane having a light-scattering effect and for this purpose being printed, sandblasted, etched, coated, coated, engraved or pasted on at least one side or has a faulty structure on the inside , so that the light that is radiated into the face of the pane is emitted on this surface essentially at right angles to the direction of irradiation.

Description

The present invention relates to a window element with at least one pane of glass or plastic glass, which has a coating on at least one side, with a mirror coating, reflecting in a viewing direction as a mirror layer appears transparent in the opposite direction is (semipermeable mirror layer).

So-called one-sided are known from the prior art permeable Mirrors, also known as spy mirrors, are known. In As a rule, these are manufactured in such a way that you can, for example, a glass pane applies a layer of silver or the like, the opposite a conventional one Mirror a lower covering density of, for example, only about 50 % having. Such a coated spy mirror glass pane can one can see from a darker room unseen into a brighter room. In the brighter room, on the other hand, the spy mirror looks like a normal one opaque mirror. When the lighting conditions are reversed, it changes the transparency. Such a mirror is therefore for review semipermeable in the sense of the definition of the present invention, which means that it has defined lighting conditions from one side is transparent and looks like a glass pane and from which the other side looks like a mirror.

Subject to an earlier application The present applicant are window elements, the illuminants have light that radiates light into the front of a pane, which is guided in this disc like in a light guide, the disc, however, has a light scattering effect on one surface, e.g. B. is printed or etched there in a dot matrix. As a result, the light radiated into the face of the pane enters on the surface treated in this way flat essentially at right angles to the direction of radiation as scattered light off, so that such a pane of a window element is illuminated areal appears without recognizing a discreet lamp.

It is also known to make window elements to use mirrored glass for facades of larger buildings, for example. Here, however, the mirroring usually only serves the effect an outside insight into the building to prevent. Illumination of such mirrored facades is against this not provided.

The object of the present invention consists in creating window elements of the type mentioned at the beginning, which are mirrored with a semi-permeable surface applied to one surface at least on one side Mirror layer and also flat can be illuminated, which creates interesting optical effects to let.

The solution to this problem provides a window element of the type mentioned with the characteristic Features of the main claim. Such a window element according to the invention has at least one disc on one side with one in one direction is provided and includes transparent mirror layer Illuminant, or at least one illuminant, the front is arranged in front of one of the panes of the window element and light radiates into this disk, this disk being designed to scatter light and the light is flat essentially at right angles to the direction of radiation as scattered light is delivered. A surface of this For this purpose, the pane can, for example, be printed on at least one side, sandblasted, etched, be coated, engraved or glued or you create this light scattering effect in that the pane has a faulty structure on the inside. Such a defined fault structure can be found in the manufacture manufacture the disc, for example, by the action of laser radiation. Through such a partially mirrored window element, which illuminated at the same time interesting optical effects can be created. The end flat on a disc decoupled light is reflected by the mirror layer. Thereby a multiple reflection can be created, which has a depth effect in the window element. Such window elements can be as architectural elements for aesthetic design, for example use attractive facades. For example, you can use such window elements create light facades or light walls, the different from conventional ones Light facades not flat appear illuminated, but for create a three-dimensional light space for the viewer. Interesting application possibilities arise for the window elements according to the invention not only in the facade area, but also in the Interior architecture, for example for walls, partitions, furniture and the like. elements and structures of architecture and interior design appear three-dimensional and physical and are penetrated by the many times reflected light.

Window elements according to the present invention can comprise only one pane made of glass or plastic, for example, coated on one side with a mirror coating and designed to be light-scattering. Window elements according to the invention can also comprise a plurality of panes in a composite arrangement or arrangements of two or more panes which are arranged at a distance from one another, as in the case of insulating glass, wherein the space between the panes can contain a gas, so that the window element has the properties of an insulating glass. One disc, one composite pane or an insulating glass pane of such a window element according to the invention can be framed at the front by a frame construction. The illuminant or illuminants can be arranged in such a way that they are covered by the frame construction surrounding the pane at the end when the pane is viewed in the direction of the surface normal, so that optically no discrete illuminant appears. In the simplest case, such a frame construction can be an approximately U-shaped frame profile that surrounds the pane or panes.

Is it a window element with a composite pane arrangement or with two or more with Spaced disks, you can only one of the Disks on at least one side with a semi-permeable mirror layer provided or two discs on at least one side each a semi-permeable mirror layer. It is preferable to bring these mirror layers each on the outer sides facing away from one another of the discs. At least one of the disks is at least one flat on one side designed to be light-scattering, so that the light only comes out of the window exits while that Light on a smooth surface outside due to the total reflection reflected back into the pane and thus in the disc is directed. The formation of one surface, for example with a dot grid or other grid there leads to a flat decoupling of light.

A viewer who is on such Window element, for example, on a facade from the outside looks at the mirror layer, cannot see into the building during the day, as the viewer moves from a lighter room to a darker room looks and thus the mirror layer is opaque for him. People, which are inside the building can be but during the day see through the mirror layer because they are exposed to daylight look into a brighter room. If the window element is now in the evening over the Flat illuminant illuminated, then the window element itself is lighter than the outside, allowing a person through from the outside can see through the mirror layer. So you look through from the outside through the mirror layer onto the flatly illuminated pane of the Window element, whose light in turn is reflected on the inside the mirror layer that is for this light is only partially translucent, so part of the light reflected back is partially permeable by the Mirror layer towards the illuminated pane. Thereby there is an effect of multiple mirroring, which for that of Outside, d. that is, from the darker outside space viewer looking at the window element becomes visible and one creates an optical effect that the illuminated window element spatial Gives depth effect.

Within the scope of the present invention is the use of modern, energy-saving lamps, such as Light-emitting diodes or the like are particularly preferred since this one have high luminous efficacy with comparatively low energy consumption and also are dimensioned very small so that they can easily face the front a disc, for example between the face of the disc and have a frame profile installed. Usually will several of these bulbs in rows in front of the pane arranged.

Such lamps, such as light emitting diodes or The like have the advantage of being relatively simple Control means electrically / electronically, for example a change in Effect light color, or to adjust the brightness of the lamp to vary, e.g. B. depending of incoming daylight (dimming function). You can just as well Use sensors to control these bulbs, for example Motion detectors that point to a person present or approaching nearby react. Moreover is it possible that To control the lamp according to any given program. The fact that the light color of light emitting diodes with simple Change means lets (RGB mode), the window element can appear in any color can be, which makes diverse aesthetic design options in the architectural field, for example design colored light facades, facades with flat advertising and the like.

With such window elements can one particularly different when using several panes Generate light levels, for example, on the panes can also provide visual representations, patterns and the like. In the case of several panes, there is the possibility of different patterns display in different levels, which overlap when the panes are illuminated, which results in optically interesting effects, in particular through the additional measure the mirroring. For example, you can use different light levels with for the Viewer overlapping Use representations that then give a spatial overall picture, where in the levels due to the multiple mirroring effect always alternately show illustrations of one or the other.

The use of the window elements according to the invention comes not only with building facades or building exterior walls in Consideration, but also for example on the inside walls or ceilings of buildings or for partitions, Doors as well also with furniture, Garden furniture, Park furniture or City room furniture.

A preferred variant of the present invention provides that at least one pane is not completely, but only partially printed, sandblasted, etched, coated, engraved or pasted, or a defect structure in these partial areas train forms, especially with a dot or dash pattern in these sub-areas. With this not all-over printing or other processing, the light-scattering effect is generated only in these partial areas, so that when the light is fed into the front of this pane, only the partial areas appear bright. In this preferred variant, the above-mentioned effects of the quasi three-dimensional effect can be achieved particularly well by the multiple mirroring, since the partial surface which then lights up when the illuminant is switched on appears several times in succession to the viewer due to the multiple mirroring, but is slightly offset for the eye, so that the plastic Effect is achieved. The partial surfaces of the pane which act in such a way as to scatter light can in particular form symbols, image elements, ornaments. If the light-scattering effect is achieved by printing with a screen, for example a dot screen or line screen, then it is preferred to apply this printing to the semipermeable mirror layer which is located on at least one of the panes.

According to an alternative variant the invention it is also possible one pane largely flat, possibly over the entire surface to print, but if possible a coarse printing grid should be used chosen become. In this case, the individual appears to the viewer Dots or other grid elements illuminate and form due to the multiple mirroring one after the other in the depth of the room optically.

If the window element has multiple panes includes, you can individual disks in different areas train light-scattering in the manner mentioned, for example create different ornaments on the different panes, that appear bright when the lamp is switched on. Overlay these ornaments then for the viewer and receive the aforementioned plastic depth formation.

The features mentioned in the subclaims relate to preferred developments of the task solution according to the invention. Further Advantages of the invention result from the following detailed description.

Below is the present Invention based on exemplary embodiments described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show

1 a sectional view of a window element according to the invention according to a first embodiment of the invention;

2 a further sectional view of a window element according to the invention according to a second embodiment of the invention.

3 a further sectional view of a window element according to the invention according to a third embodiment of the invention

4 a perspective view of a window element according to the invention according to the variant of 3 in a schematically simplified form.

First up 1 Referred. The illustration shows a window element, which is denoted overall by 10. This window element 10 comprises two disks 100 . 105 namely a pane facing an outside space 100 and a pane facing an interior 105 , which together form a kind of double-glazed window, similar to an insulating glass window. The two disks 100 . 105 , are on the front by a frame construction 104 , for example in the form of an approximately U-shaped frame profile. On the outside of the outer pane 100 is a semi-permeable mirror layer 101 applied, which depending on the light conditions allows viewing in one direction, but blocks the view in the opposite direction like a mirror layer. The reflective properties of this mirror layer 101 for a day on the outside of the window element 10 looking viewers are through the arrow 120 indicated, which symbolizes the reflection of a light beam incident from the outside. On the face in front of the two panes 100 . 105 are illuminants 102 arranged in the form of light emitting diodes (LEDs) or the like, these illuminants 102 in the switched on state their light in the front of the glass panes 100 . 105 each illuminate and with the illuminants 102 through the frame profile 104 are covered for a view in the direction of the surface normal from the outside or inside of the window element. In the present embodiment according to 1 is the outer disc 100 flat on the outside, for example in a grid of dots 107 printed so that when the lamp is switched on 102 , the light radiated in the direction of the arrow on the outside of the pane 100 can generally emerge as scattered light, although the semipermeable mirror layer is there 101 is applied so that the scattered light is partially reflected there. On the second disc 105 is on the first disc 100 side facing away, ie, also on the surface facing the interior, a print z. B. in a grid of points 107 provided that there is a light scattering and a light decoupling of the end face by the lamp 102 into the disc in the direction of the arrow 105 radiated light after deflection by essentially 90 °, this light as scattered light across the inside of the pane 105 can be delivered if the lamp 102 , or the bulbs that are in front of the face of the disc 105 are switched on.

The functioning of the window element according to the invention 10 when the lamp is switched on or off 102 is mentioned below ago explained. It is assumed that it is a window element of a building, the left of the pane in the drawing 100 the outside space 108 located and to the right of the window in the drawing 105 The interior 109 located. A viewer 1 1 1, the daytime from the outside space 108 on the window element 10 looks, looks at the mirror layer 101 and there the interior 109 (with the lighting switched off) is usually darker than the outside 108 works for this viewer 111 the mirror layer 101 as an ordinary mirror, so that this viewer cannot see through the window element. On the other hand, the viewer can 112 that is in the interior during the day 109 is through the window element and through the semipermeable mirror layer 101 look outwards, as indicated by the arrow, because the mirror layer then acts in this direction 101 transparent.

If, on the other hand, the illuminants in the evening 102 the situation is different.

The front of the disc 100 arranged bulbs 102 can usually from the face in front of the pane 105 arranged bulbs 102 can be switched on and off and controlled separately. With illuminants switched on 102 can one person 113 that are in the outside space 108 located through the semi-permeable mirror layer 101 see through, as indicated by the arrow, because this person then moves from a darker room to a brighter room (illuminated disc 100 ) looks. This person therefore sees a flatly illuminated pane, this as scattered light due to the printing with the dot matrix 107 from the disc 100 flatly coupled light partly on the semi-permeable mirror layer 101 is reflected. A person 114 which is then in the interior 109 can, however, if the disc 100 through the bulbs 102 is illuminated, not to the outside in the darker outside space 108 look, but the semipermeable mirror layer 101 then acts like a mirror layer, as indicated by the arrows. This person 114 in the interior 109 then that would be in the mirror layer 101 reflecting light from the pane 100 see, especially if the bulbs 102 that in the second disc 105 irradiate, are switched off. By simultaneously switching on this illuminant and decoupling the light as scattered light via the dot matrix 107 on the inside of the pane 105 you could illuminate the interior 109 so that the person 114 then looks at a flatly lit window.

A further embodiment variant of the invention is described below with reference to 2 explained in more detail. It is a similar window element, which is designated 20 in total. In this case too there are two disks 100 . 105 available, although in contrast to the first embodiment according to 1 not just the disc 100 on the outside a semipermeable mirror layer 101 has, but also the disc 105 on the inside, that is, to the interior 109 towards a semipermeable mirror layer 106 having. Letters 102 radiate into the two panes at the end 100 . 105 a, again an approximately U-shaped frame profile 104 is provided which is the two discs 100 . 105 and the bulbs 102 covers. The illuminants 102 can in one block 115 be embedded from a transparent translucent plastic.

It is assumed that it is a window element, for example in an outer wall of a facade, 108 being an exterior and 109 an interior. In the following, the conditions during the day when the lamps are switched off should first be mentioned 102 are explained. A person 111 that are in the outside space 108 located and on the window element 20 looks, cannot look through it, but looks at the semipermeable mirror layer 101 , which in this case acts like a mirror, since the outside space is usually used during the day 108 is lighter than the interior 109 , The window element 20 looks like a mirrored window, like this through the arrows for the viewer 111 is indicated in the exterior. A viewer in the interior 109 which according to the exemplary embodiment 2 denoted by 112, on the other hand, looks through the inner semipermeable mirror layer for him 106 as well as through the outer mirror layer 101 through it, because it is in the lighter outside space for him 108 sees.

On the other hand, consider the conditions in the evening when the outside space 108 is darker and the bulbs 102 are switched on, the viewer sees from the outside space, which in this case is designated 113, through the outer mirror layer 101 through, behind it the brighter illuminated window with the front-illuminated window 100 lies. With this, the viewer's eye falls 113 on the inner mirror layer 106 , which he cannot see through in this case because the interior space behind 109 , at least if it is not otherwise illuminated, is darker than the illuminated pane 105 , In this case, the inner mirror layer works 106 like a conventional mirror layer, in which there is at least partly the light of the now illuminated panes 100 . 105 reflects. This creates a multiple mirror effect with almost continuously reflecting illuminated panes 100 . 105 whose light is reflected in the two mirror layers 106 . 101 alternately reflects. This works for the viewer 113 the window element 20 spatially. A depth effect is created so that the viewer 113 sees a three-dimensional light space.

The viewer designated 114 in the interior 109 now sees a picture similar to it previously for the viewer 1 13 from the outside 108 has been described. Because the glass pane 105 is illuminated, the viewer can 114 from the interior through the semi-permeable mirror layer 106 look through with what his view of the inside of the outer mirror layer 101 falls, which in this case is opaque to him, since behind it is the darker outside space 108 lies. In this case, too, there is therefore multiple reflection of the light from the flatly illuminated panes 100 . 105 on the two mirror layers 101 . 106 , as indicated by the arrows, so that here again for the viewer 114 from the interior 109 the window element 20 obtains a depth effect with almost endlessly reflecting light (creating a light room).

In the following, reference is made to the 3 and 4 described another alternative variant of the invention. The drawing 3 shows a section through a window element 30 according to an embodiment of the invention. In this case, the window element again comprises two panes 100 . 105 each with a semi-permeable mirror layer 101 . 106 are coated, in contrast to that in 2 shown embodiment, the coating with the mirror layer 101 . 106 each on the inside of the two disks facing each other 100 . 105 is provided. In this variant of the invention it is provided that both disks 100 . 105 in each case only in the area of partial areas by printing with a dot grid or line grid 107 are designed to be light-scattering. These light-scattering partial areas have, for example, the shape of picture elements 4 recognizes, looking at both discs 100 . 105 can apply different picture elements. When the lamp is switched on 102 these picture elements are reflected on the semi-permeable mirror layers 101 . 106 several times, the viewer looking from the outside looking through the mirror layer and being able to recognize the image elements, since these are brighter than the surroundings and the semi-permeable mirror layer 101 . 106 as before using the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS 1 and 2 in this case the viewer was allowed to look through.

Claims (17)

Window element with at least one pane of glass or plastic glass, which has a coating on at least one side with a mirror coating, which acts as a mirror layer in one viewing direction and is transparent in the opposite viewing direction (semipermeable mirror layer), characterized in that at least one illuminant ( 102 ) is provided, which is in front of one of the disks ( 100 ) is arranged and light shines into the face of this pane, the pane having a light-scattering effect and for this purpose is at least printed on one side on the surface, sandblasted, etched, coated, engraved or pasted or has a faulty structure on the inside, so that the face into the pane radiated light is emitted on this surface substantially perpendicular to the direction of irradiation. Window element according to claim 1, characterized in that it has at least two spaced-apart panes ( 100 . 105 ), of which at least one has a coating of a semipermeable mirror layer on one surface ( 101 ) and at least one has a light-scattering effect on one side due to a corresponding treatment of a surface or a faulty structure inside. Window element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that this one the pane ( 100 ) or the disks ( 100 . 105 ) framing frame ( 104 ) having. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that this is a composite pane with at least two panes arranged in the composite ( 100 . 105 ), at least one of which has a semipermeable mirror layer on at least one side ( 101 ) having. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has at least two semipermeable mirror layers ( 101 . 106 ) having. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that this at least two panes ( 100 . 105 ) arranged at a distance from one another or in a composite, each of which at least one each has a semipermeable mirror layer ( 101 . 106 ), the mirror layers ( 101 . 106 ) preferably on the outside of the panes facing away from each other ( 100 . 105 ) lie. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that this at least two panes ( 100 . 105 ), which are each formed at least on one side light-scattering. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the illuminant ( 102 ) at least partially light-emitting diodes or the like are provided, which are preferably in rows in front of a pane ( 100 . 105 ) are arranged. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the lamp or lamps ( 102 ) when viewed in the direction of the surface normal to the pane ( 100 . 105 ) of the frame construction ( 104 ) are essentially covered. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 9; characterized in that the frame construction has a substantially U-shaped frame profile in cross section ( 104 ) is. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that at least one of the glass panes to achieve the light-scattering Effect at least one-sided in a dot grid, line grid or similar Screen printed, sandblasted, etched, coated, engraved or is pasted or one generated inside by means of laser radiation Defective structure existing in defined areas to generate a light scattering effect with emission of scattered light over the area the disc has. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 1 1, characterized in that at least one of the panes ( 100 . 105 ) is only light-scattering in the area of partial areas. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a light-scattering partial surface of at least one of the panes ( 100 . 105 ) forms a symbol, ornament or other picture element. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that that at least one disc in a relatively coarse grid or Line grid is printed, in which the individual grid elements are visually recognizable and appear discreetly. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at least one pane ( 100 . 105 ) a coating of a semi-permeable mirror layer ( 101 ) and a preferably partial printing is printed on this mirror layer. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that control devices for the illuminants ( 102 ) are provided in order to effect a possibly varying control of the light color and / or a control of the brightness depending on the incident daylight, depending on a person present or approaching nearby or according to any given program. Window element according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that that this part of a building facade, an outer building wall, inner building wall or partition.