DE102021114627B4 - Transmitting or receiving a V2X message - Google Patents

Abstract

Data structure (2) for transmitting or receiving a V2X message (4), comprising a management section (21), an application section (22) and a type section (23).

Description

The invention relates to a data structure for transmitting or receiving a V2X message. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for transmitting or receiving a V2X message, a communication unit for a vehicle or for an infrastructure device, a vehicle and an infrastructure device for controlling a vehicle.

V2X (Vehicle to Everything) messages are known in the prior art and are used for vehicles to communicate with vehicles or with stationary infrastructure devices for controlling vehicles, for example with traffic lights or construction site beacons. V2X messages therefore include, for example, V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) messages, which a vehicle transmits to another vehicle, and (Vehicle to Infrastructure) messages, which the vehicle transmits to a stationary infrastructure facility, V2P (Vehicle to Pedestrian ) messages which the vehicle transmits to a pedestrian or a cyclist, as well as messages in the opposite direction.

A V2X message usually includes information that relates to a specific function of the vehicle or multiple functions of the vehicle and is necessary for the specific function or multiple functions. Correspondingly, different functions or combinations of different functions of the vehicle each define specific V2X messages.

In order to ensure that vehicles from different manufacturers and stationary infrastructure devices from different manufacturers can communicate, V2X messages, i. H. Message formats and message content of V2X messages, standardized. A message format defines a data structure in which a message to be communicated, i. H. Message content to be transmitted or received, d. H. a piece of information of the message, is to be arranged.

Such message formats include, for example, BSM (Basic Safety message)/CAM (Cooperative Awareness Message), each of which is standardized as SAE J2735 or ETSI TS 102 637. Other message formats that have already been standardized or are being standardized are Maneuver Sharing and Coordinating Service (SAE J3186) or Sensor Sharing for Cooperative Maneuvrers (SAE J3224) or Maneuver Coordination (ETSI TR 103 561) or Sensor Sharing for Collective Perception (ETSI TR 103 562). -2).

Also U.S. 2017/0251486 A1 discloses message formats for V2X messages and distinguishes control messages, high priority messages and low priority messages. The control message comprises a first portion for conveying control information related to a high priority message and a second portion for conveying control information related to a low priority message.

U.S. 2020/0367096 A1 discloses a message format for V2X messages. The message format has a data structure with a plurality of sections. A first section relates to an origin of the message, a second section relates to sensor information and a third section relates to a detected object.

On the one hand, a vehicle includes a large number of different functions, such as driving functions, in particular ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) functions, safety functions or comfort functions; on the other hand, the vehicle is exposed to a large number of different traffic situations (specific applications, use cases) during normal operation. confronted, which affect the functions of the vehicle. As a result, every technical advancement of vehicles or stationary infrastructure facilities entails a corresponding need for standardization.

Standardizations are usually worked out by large standardization committees in a very time-consuming process. In addition, future functions or applications cannot in principle be fully taken into account when standardizing, which means that either new standards have to be developed or existing standards have to be expanded on an ongoing basis. In this way, further technical developments of the vehicles or the stationary infrastructure facilities are delayed by the standardization.

Apart from that, standardized data structures tend to be large in scope in the pursuit of universality and future-proofing. A V2X message must therefore often contain information that is required by the standard but is not used by the function in the specific application (use case), i.e. is superfluous for it. A conventionally standardized V2X communication can therefore claim many resources of a radio network, since V2X messages are transmitted periodically and with a short period duration in many specific applications. In this way, the V2X communication of vehicles and stationary infrastructure facilities can use a radio network for example a mobile phone network, unnecessarily heavily burden.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a data structure for transmitting or receiving a V2X message, which can be used universally and is resource-saving. Further objects of the invention are to propose a method for transmitting or receiving a V2X message and to provide a communication unit for a vehicle or for an infrastructure device, a vehicle and an infrastructure device for controlling a vehicle.

One subject of the invention is a data structure for transmitting or receiving a V2X message. Each V2X message is used by a vehicle to communicate with a communication partner and is a function of the vehicle and/or a traffic situation, i. H. assigned to a specific application (use case).

The data structure according to the invention comprises an administration section, an application section and a type section. A section of the data structure means a storage area (container) of a specific size within the data structure. The management section includes administrative data, the application section specifies a concrete application (use case), and the type section indicates a type of the V2X message.

In one embodiment, the management portion includes a message counter, a temporary identifier, and a timestamp. The message counter is incremented within an instance of the concrete application and indicates a sequence of multiple V2X messages within the application instance. The temporary identifier is a random string known as "Temporary ID" and is mandatory for every V2X message. The timestamp includes a date and time and indicates the point in time at which the V2X message is generated.

In another embodiment, the application portion includes a predetermined application identifier and a random instance identifier. The application identifier is an identification number, which is universally valid and centrally documented, and specifies the specific application to which the V2X message belongs. The random instance identifier is a random number assigned to a concrete application instance, i. H. an instance of the specific application, and enables simultaneous and similar specific applications within a traffic situation to be distinguished.

In another embodiment, the type portion includes a predetermined type identifier. The type identifier can be an identification number, which is universally valid and centrally documented, and specify a type of the V2X message. The type of V2X message corresponds to a function of the vehicle, where multiple types of V2X messages can be associated with a single function of the vehicle.

Ideally, the data structure includes a header with a standardized ITS-AID identifier. The header section serves to identify the message as a V2X message and to make it distinguishable from other message types. The ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems) AID (Application Object Identifier) identifier (ETSI TS 102 965) is a standardized character string for V2X messages.

Cleverly, the data structure includes an ancillary section. The additional section is intended for any information that the vehicle transmits to the communication partner and does not require a predetermined detailed structure of the data contained therein. As a result, the additional section only has to include data that is necessary for the function of the vehicle in the specific application. A data volume of the V2X message is reduced thanks to the additional section, as a result of which fewer resources of a radio network are used for transmitting the V2X message.

The additional section may include data relating to an application affected by the V2X message and/or a content of the V2X message. In particular, the additional section can contain such data, i. H. Message contents include, which are specified in existing V2X message standards, for example operating parameters of the vehicle.

Another subject matter of the invention is a method for transmitting or receiving a V2X message, in which a communication unit of a vehicle transmits a V2X message to a communication partner or receives a V2X message from a communication partner. The V2X message can be transmitted or received using a radio network, for example using a mobile radio network or using a wireless local area network (W-LAN).

According to the invention, the communication unit uses a data structure according to the invention for transmitting or receiving the V2X message. The data structure according to the invention can be used universally for V2X messages and is a resource gentle. Accordingly, the communication process is future-proof and efficient.

In a preferred embodiment, the communication unit transmits the V2X message to a communication unit of another vehicle or a communication unit of a stationary infrastructure device as the communication partner, or the vehicle receives the V2X message from a communication unit of another vehicle or a communication unit of a stationary infrastructure device as the communication partner. The vehicle therefore preferably uses the data format according to the invention in order to communicate with other vehicles and stationary infrastructure facilities. The other vehicles and the stationary infrastructure facilities are designed for safe operation, i. H. Taxes, the vehicle's particularly relevant communication partners.

A third subject matter of the invention is a communication unit for a vehicle or for a stationary infrastructure device, which is designed to communicate with a communication partner. The communication unit includes hardware and/or software and is designed to generate a V2X message, i. H. to encode or to analyze, d. H. to decode. The communication unit can also consist of hardware or software.

The communication unit according to the invention is designed to execute a method according to the invention when communicating together with the communication partner. The communication unit is capable of generating or analyzing and interpreting V2X messages with the data structure according to the invention. This goes hand in hand with future security and high efficiency of the communication unit.

A fourth subject matter of the invention is a vehicle with a communication unit. The vehicle can use the communication unit to generate or analyze and interpret V2X messages and communicate with other vehicles or stationary infrastructure facilities.

The vehicle according to the invention includes a communication unit according to the invention. The communication unit makes the vehicle future-proof and efficient in terms of transmitting and receiving V2X messages.

A fifth subject matter of the invention is an infrastructure device for controlling a vehicle. The infrastructure device can use the communication unit to generate or analyze V2X messages and communicate with the vehicle.

The infrastructure device according to the invention includes a communication unit according to the invention. The communication unit makes the stationary infrastructure facility future-proof and efficient with regard to the transmission and reception of V2X messages.

An essential advantage of the data structure according to the invention is that it makes communication using V2X messages future-proof and efficient. Thanks to the data structure according to the invention, further technical development of vehicles or stationary infrastructure facilities is not delayed by time-consuming standardization and resources of a radio network that are used by V2X communication are not unnecessarily used.

• 1 eine Verkehrssituation mit einem Fahrzeug und einer stationären Infrastruktureinrichtung nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung;
• 2 eine Datenstruktur nach einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung zum Übermitteln oder Empfangen einer V2X-Nachricht in der in 1 gezeigten Verkehrssituation.

The invention is shown schematically using an embodiment in the drawing and is further described with reference to the drawing. It shows:

• 1 a traffic situation with a vehicle and a stationary infrastructure facility according to an embodiment of the invention;
• 2 a data structure according to an embodiment of the invention for transmitting or receiving a V2X message in the in 1 shown traffic situation.

1 shows a traffic situation 1 with a vehicle 10 and a stationary infrastructure facility 12 according to an embodiment of the invention. The vehicle 10 and the stationary infrastructure device 12 each include a communication unit 100, 120 according to an embodiment of the invention.

The traffic situation 1 also includes another vehicle 11 according to the invention with a communication unit 110 according to an embodiment of the invention. Of course, the traffic situation 1 can include other vehicles and stationary infrastructure facilities or either the other vehicle 11 or the stationary infrastructure facility 12 .

There are wireless connections 3 between the communication units 100, 110, 120, for example via a cellular network.

All communication units 100, 110, 120 are designed to communicate with a communication partner and, when communicating together with the communication partner, to use the following method for transmission or receiving a V2X message 4 to execute.

The communication unit 100 of the vehicle 10 transmits a V2X message 4 to the communication unit 110 of the further vehicle 11 as the communication partner or receives a V2X message 4 from the communication unit 110 of the further vehicle 11 as the communication partner. Alternatively or additionally, the communication unit 100 of the vehicle 10 transmits a V2X message 4 to the communication unit 120 of the stationary infrastructure device 12 as the communication partner, or the communication unit 100 of the vehicle 11 receives a V2X message 4 from the communication unit 120 of the stationary infrastructure device 12 as the communication partner .

2 shows a data structure 2 according to an embodiment of the invention for transmitting or receiving the V2X message 4, which the communication unit 100 for transmitting or receiving the V2X message 4 in 1 shown traffic situation is used.

The data structure 2 for transmitting or receiving a V2X message 4 comprises an administration section 21, an application section 22 and a type section 23.

The management section 21 may include a message counter 210, a temporary identifier 211 and a timestamp 212. The message counter 210 can be 7 bits, the temporary identifier 211 can be 32 bits and the timestamp can be 16 bits.

The application portion 22 may include a predetermined application identifier 220 and a random instance identifier 221 . The application identifier can be 16 bits and the random instance identifier 221 can be 8 bits.

The type section 23 may include a predetermined type identifier 230 . The type identifier 230 can be 16 bits.

The three sections mentioned can therefore together comprise 95 bits.

Furthermore, the data structure 2 can include a header section 20 with a standardized ITS-AID identifier 200 and further data and/or an additional section 24 .

Each of the above sections may contain additional data.

The additional section 24 can include data 240 relating to an application affected by the V2X message 4 and/or a content of the V2X message 4 .

Reference List

1

traffic situation

10

vehicle

100

communication unit

11

another vehicle

110

communication unit

12

infrastructure facility

120

communication unit

2

data structure

20

head section

200

ITS AID identifier

21

administration section

210

message counter

211

temporary identifier

212

time stamp

22

application section

220

application identifier

221

instance identifier

23

type section

230

type identifier

24

Supplemental Section

240

Data

3

wireless connection

4

V2X message

Claims (12)

Data structure (2) for transmitting or receiving a V2X message (4), comprising a management section (21), an application section (22) and a type section (23). data structure claim 1 wherein the management section (21) comprises a message counter (210), a temporary identifier (211) and a time stamp (212). data structure claim 1 or 2 wherein the application portion (22) comprises a predetermined application identifier (220) and a random instance identifier (221). Data structure according to one of Claims 1 until 3 wherein the type section (23) comprises a predetermined type identifier (230). Data structure according to one of Claims 1 until 4 , further comprising a header (20) with a standardized ITS-AID identifier (200). Data structure according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , further comprising an auxiliary section (24). data structure claim 6 , in which the additional section (24) comprises data (240) which relate to an application affected by the V2X message (4) and/or a content of the V2X message (4). Method for transmitting or receiving a V2X message (4), in which - a communication unit (100) of a vehicle (10) transmits a V2X message (4) to a communication partner or receives a V2X message (4) from a communication partner; - The communication unit (100) for transmitting or receiving the V2X message (4) a data structure (2) according to one of Claims 1 until 7 used. procedure after claim 8 , in which the communication unit (100) transmits the V2X message (4) to a communication unit (110) of another vehicle (11) or a communication unit (120) of a stationary infrastructure device (12) as the communication partner, or the V2X message (4 ) from a communication unit (110) of another vehicle (11) or a communication unit (120) of a stationary infrastructure device (12) as the communication partner. Communication unit (100) for a vehicle (10) or for an infrastructure device (12), which is designed to communicate with a communication partner and when communicating together with the communication partner according to a method claim 8 or 9 to execute. Vehicle (10), with a communication unit (100). claim 10 . Infrastructure device (12) for controlling a vehicle (10), with a communication unit (120). claim 10 .

Images