DE102020003193A1 - Motor vehicle shell construction, in particular for a passenger car - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor vehicle shell, with a circumferential formed by cross members (12, 14) of the motor vehicle shell (10) spaced from one another in the vehicle longitudinal direction (44) and longitudinal members (16, 18) of the motor vehicle shell (10) spaced from one another in the vehicle transverse direction (46) closed frame structure (22) which protrudes downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle (48) from a floor element (21) of the vehicle shell (10) and which delimits a receiving space (24) for receiving an energy store (26), and with a separate frame structure (22) formed, opposite to the bottom element (21) arranged cover (30), through which the receiving space (24) is closed in the vertical direction (48) of the vehicle downwards, the cover (30) having an energy absorption structure (32) which by a in the vertical direction of the vehicle upward on the cover (30) acting force (34) is deformable with energy consumption.

Description

The invention relates to a motor vehicle shell, in particular for a passenger car, according to the preamble of claim 1, a motor vehicle shell according to the preamble of claim 2 and a cover for closing an energy store on the motor vehicle shell, according to the preamble of claim 10.

Such a motor vehicle shell for a motor vehicle, in particular for a passenger car, is from the DE 10 2017 219 895 A1 known. In addition, the DE 10 2018 113 812 A1 a method for producing a body structure of a motor vehicle, a portion of the body structure being formed by a battery box which is used to accommodate a traction battery. Furthermore, the DE 10 2016 207 231 A1 an arrangement of an electrical high-voltage energy store on a motor vehicle can be found as known. In the arrangement, the high-voltage energy store is arranged in the area of the underbody of a motor vehicle and is at least partially covered in the vertical direction of the vehicle downwards by a floor element. In addition, from the DE 10 2017 221 260 A1 a battery housing for accommodating battery modules is known. Finally reveals the DE 10 2018 113 728 A1 a battery holder for holding a plurality of battery modules in an electrically powered vehicle.

The object of the present invention is to create a motor vehicle shell so that particularly advantageous protection of an energy store can be implemented.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a motor vehicle shell with the features of claim 1. Advantageous configurations with expedient developments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

The vehicle body shell, also referred to as a body shell, body support structure or body and preferably designed as a self-supporting body, which preferably delimits an interior space, also known as a passenger compartment or passenger cell, for occupants of a motor vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, preferably designed as a passenger vehicle, comprises a frame structure that is separated from one another in the vehicle longitudinal direction spaced transverse members of the motor vehicle shell and formed by longitudinal members of the motor vehicle shell spaced from one another in the transverse direction of the vehicle and closed circumferentially. The side members are, for example, side sills of the vehicle body shell. The feature that the frame structure is closed all the way round is to be understood in particular that the frame structure is formed completely closed along its circumferential direction, in particular about the vertical direction of the vehicle, by the cross members and by the longitudinal members, so that the frame structure can be at least substantially ring-shaped can. The cross members are, for example, formed separately from one another and separately from the longitudinal members, the longitudinal members being formed separately from one another, for example. The cross members and the longitudinal members are also referred to collectively as carriers of the motor vehicle shell, it being possible for the carriers to be connected to one another at least indirectly, in particular directly. In particular, it is conceivable that the cross members are connected to one another via the longitudinal members or vice versa, wherein, for example, the respective longitudinal member can be connected at least indirectly, in particular directly, to the respective cross member. The girders are part of the shell.

The frame structure projects downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle from a floor element of the vehicle shell. The floor element is thus also part of the shell. The floor element is, for example, part of a floor of the motor vehicle shell, also referred to as the main floor, the aforementioned interior space being at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, delimited downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle by the floor element. A receiving space is partially delimited by the frame structure, in particular completely circumferentially along its circumferential direction. The receiving space is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, delimited outward on both sides in the transverse direction of the vehicle by the longitudinal members. In the vehicle longitudinal direction to the front and in the vehicle longitudinal direction to the rear, the receiving space is in each case at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, delimited by the cross member. An energy store can be received or received in the receiving space. In the upward direction of the vehicle, the receiving space is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, delimited by the floor element. The energy store is, for example, an electrical energy store, by means of which electrical energy or electrical current can be stored. The electrical energy stored in the electrical energy store can be used to supply at least one electrical machine for, in particular purely electrical, driving of the motor vehicle. For example, the electrical energy store is designed as a high-voltage component, the electrical voltage of which can be greater than 48 volts, in particular greater than 50 volts. The electrical energy store is, for example, a high-voltage battery, by means of which particularly large electrical services for, in particular pure, electrical driving of the motor vehicle can be realized. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the energy store is a tank for at least temporarily receiving and thus storing a liquid or else gaseous fuel.

The motor vehicle shell also includes a cover which is formed separately from the frame structure and thus separately from the longitudinal members and separately from the cross members, which cover is arranged in the vertical direction of the vehicle opposite the floor element and is spaced apart from the floor element. By means of the cover, the receiving space is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, closed downwards in the vertical direction of the vehicle, and thus delimited or closed off.

In order to protect the energy store particularly advantageously and thus avoid excessive damage to the energy store, it is provided according to the invention that the cover has an energy absorption structure which can be deformed, in particular in a targeted manner, by a force acting on the cover from the bottom upwards in the vertical direction of the vehicle with energy consumption is. In other words, if, for example, an object hits the cover in the vertical direction of the vehicle from bottom to top, in particular against an underside of the cover pointing downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle, a force or impact energy acts on the cover. As a result, the energy absorption structure is, in particular, plastically and / or elastically deformed, as a result of which at least part of the impact energy is converted into deformation energy. As a result, excessive intrusions into the receiving space, also referred to as the receiving area, can be avoided, so that the energy store can be protected particularly well.

The aforementioned object can be a curb which, for example, can collide with the cover when the motor vehicle is driving down a curb. Furthermore, the object can be an obstacle which can collide with the cover when the motor vehicle drives over an obstacle. Usually, such curb runs or obstacle crossings can lead to damage to the cover, which functions as an energy storage or battery base, for example. In this case, it is desirable to control or check such damage, in particular with regard to whether the energy store has been damaged in a safety-critical manner. Such safety-critical damage is, for example, damage to a cell area in which storage cells designed in particular as battery cells for storing electrical energy can be arranged. In particular, if the cover is plastically deformed as a result of the application of force due to the accident, the plastic deformation can also be used to determine the extent of the plastic deformation and thus the extent of the force application after a point in time at which the plastic deformation occurred. On the basis of the extent, it is then possible to determine or assess whether there has been any undesired damage to the energy store. This is possible without dismantling the energy store, that is to say without detaching the cover from the frame structure and without dismantling the energy store from the vehicle shell. In other words, the particularly plastic deformation of the energy absorption structure allows an external assessment of the extent of the damage without having to dismantle the cover, the energy store or the floor element, which is embodied as an underbody or part of an underbody of the motor vehicle shell. The sub-floor is, for example, the aforementioned main floor of the shell.

By determining the extent of the deformation, it is also possible to determine the effort required for a repair or overhaul of the cover or for an exchange of the cover, in particular repair effort. A slight application of force to the cover, for example lower than a threshold value, does not lead to a plastic deformation of the energy absorption structure, but possibly only to an elastic deformation of the energy absorption structure. However, if an application of force acting in the vertical direction of the vehicle from bottom to top on the cover and thus on the energy absorption structure exceeds the threshold value, this can result in a plastic deformation of the energy absorption structure. However, since impact energy is converted into deformation energy in this case, excessive damage to the energy store and in particular to the cell area, also referred to as the cell construction space, can be avoided, so that a particularly high level of safety can be achieved. The threshold value can be set, for example, by appropriate design of the energy absorption structure, in particular by appropriate design of an impact or a geometry of the energy absorption structure and / or by appropriate selection of a material from which the energy absorption structure is formed.

• In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die Energieabsorptionsstruktur mehrere, voneinander beabstandete Wandungselemente auf, welche beispielsweise in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung und/oder in Fahrzeugquerrichtung voneinander beabstandet sind. Die Wandungselemente sind durch die Kraftbeaufschlagung insbesondere dann, wenn die Kraftbeaufschlagung den Schwellenwert überschreitet, plastisch verformbar. Außerdem stehen die Wandungselemente in Fahrzeughochrichtung nach unten hin von einem Flächenbereich des Deckels ab. Unter dem Flächenbereich ist ein zumindest im Wesentlichen flächiger Bereich des Deckels zu verstehen, dessen flächiger Bereich sich beispielsweise in einer durch die Fahrzeugquerrichtung und in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung aufgespannten Ebene erstreckt. Die Wandungselemente sind beispielsweise Finnen oder Rippen, welche sich beispielsweise über ihre gesamte, in Fahrzeughochrichtung verlaufende Erstreckung gerade und dabei parallel zu der Fahrzeughochrichtung erstrecken können. Alternativ ist es denkbar, dass das jeweilige Wandungselement über seine in Fahrzeughochrichtung verlaufende Erstreckung bogenförmig und/oder gekrümmt ist und somit beispielsweise wenigstens zwei schräg oder senkrecht zueinander verlaufende Wandungsbereiche aufweisen kann. Die Wandungselemente sind leicht verformbare, insbesondere plastisch verformbare, Deformationselemente, welche kinetische Energie des in Fahrzeughochrichtung von unten nach oben gegen den Deckel prallenden Objekts und somit Aufprallenergie besonders gut in Verformungsenergie umwandeln und somit den dahinter beziehungsweise darüber liegenden Aufnahmeraum besonders gut schützen können. Beispielsweise kann anhand einer Anzahl an verformten Wandungselementen sowie beispielsweise anhand eines Ausmaßes der Verformung der verformten Wandungselemente ein Ausmaß beziehungsweise eine Größe der Kraftbeaufschlagung ermittelt beziehungsweise abgeschätzt werden, so dass beispielsweise ein Schadensmaß beurteilt werden kann. Hierdurch ist insbesondere möglich zu ermitteln beziehungsweise abzuschätzen, ob die Kraftbeaufschlagung, die zu der Verformung der Wandungselemente geführt hat, eine unerwünschte Beschädigung des Energiespeichers bewirkt hat oder nicht. Insbesondere kann das Schadensmaß, das heißt die Anzahl an verformten Wandungselementen und/oder ein Ausmaß der Verformung der verformten Wandungselemente, von außen durch, insbesondere unterschiedlich große, Prüfkörper ermittelt werden. Je nach Schadensmaß kann beispielsweise ein Prüfkörper zumindest teilweise in einem Deformationsbereich angeordnet werden, welcher in Folge der Deformation der Wandungselemente freigegeben wurde. Je größer der Prüfkörper außenumfangsseitig ist, der in dem Deformationsbereich angeordnet werden kann, desto größer ist das Schadensmaß. Umgekehrt ist das Schadensmaß desto kleiner, je kleiner der in dem Deformationsbereich anordenbare Prüfkörper ist. Die Prüfkörper werden beispielsweise auch als „Golden Samples“ bezeichnet.

To solve the problem, a motor vehicle shell with the features of claim 2 is proposed, in which the receiving space for the Energy storage is arranged or can be arranged below a floor section:

• In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the energy absorption structure has a plurality of wall elements which are spaced apart from one another and which are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and / or in the transverse direction of the vehicle, for example. The wall elements can be plastically deformed by the application of force, in particular when the application of force exceeds the threshold value. In addition, the wall elements protrude downward in the vertical direction of the vehicle from a surface area of the cover. The surface area is to be understood as an at least essentially flat area of the cover, the flat area of which extends, for example, in a plane spanned by the transverse direction of the vehicle and in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The wall elements are, for example, fins or ribs which, for example, can extend straight over their entire extent running in the vertical direction of the vehicle and thereby parallel to the vertical direction of the vehicle. Alternatively, it is conceivable that the respective wall element is arched and / or curved over its extent running in the vertical direction of the vehicle and can thus for example have at least two wall areas running obliquely or perpendicular to one another. The wall elements are easily deformable, in particular plastically deformable, deformation elements which convert kinetic energy of the object hitting the cover from bottom to top in the vertical direction of the vehicle, and thus impact energy, into deformation energy and can thus protect the receiving space behind or above it particularly well. For example, using a number of deformed wall elements and, for example, using the extent of the deformation of the deformed wall elements, an extent or a size of the application of force can be determined or estimated so that, for example, a degree of damage can be assessed. This makes it possible, in particular, to determine or estimate whether the application of force that led to the deformation of the wall elements caused undesired damage to the energy store or not. In particular, the degree of damage, that is to say the number of deformed wall elements and / or an extent of the deformation of the deformed wall elements, can be determined from the outside by, in particular, test bodies of different sizes. Depending on the degree of damage, for example a test body can be arranged at least partially in a deformation area which was released as a result of the deformation of the wall elements. The larger the test body on the outside circumference, which can be arranged in the deformation area, the greater the degree of damage. Conversely, the smaller the test specimen that can be arranged in the deformation area, the smaller the degree of damage. The test specimens are also referred to as “golden samples”, for example.

In order to create a particularly good energy absorption capacity of the energy absorption structure, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the wall elements between the wall elements delimit spaces which are arranged, for example, in the vehicle transverse direction and / or in the vehicle longitudinal direction between the wall elements. In the completely manufactured state of the motor vehicle shell, in particular in the completely manufactured state of the motor vehicle as a whole, the spaces are open at the bottom in the vertical direction of the vehicle. As a result, the wall elements can be deformed particularly well even with a low application of force and thus by means of low impact energy, so that the receiving space and thus the energy store can be protected particularly well.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the wall elements are formed in one piece with the surface area, as a result of which the energy absorption structure can absorb energy, that is to say absorb it, in a particularly advantageous manner.

In order to achieve a particularly good energy absorption or absorption capacity, it has also been shown to be advantageous if the wall elements and the surface area are formed by a one-piece extruded profile.

In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the wall elements are made of aluminum. As a result, the wall elements can be deformed particularly well, in particular plastically, and subsequently convert impact energy into deformation energy.

Another embodiment provides that the energy absorption structure is designed as a sandwich structure. The sandwich structure comprises two flat cover layers which are spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction of the vehicle and which overlap one another in the vertical direction of the vehicle. In addition, the sandwich structure comprises a core layer arranged between the cover layers in the vertical direction of the vehicle. For example, the The core layer is supported at least indirectly, in particular directly, upwards in the vertical direction of the vehicle on a first of the cover layers, the first cover layer being arranged higher up than the second cover layer in the vertical direction of the vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, the core layer is arranged at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the second cover layer, for example downwards in the vertical direction of the vehicle. Due to the sandwich structure, on the one hand, sufficient rigidity of the cover can be realized in a particularly weight-saving manner, so that the cover can easily absorb loads occurring during normal driving operation. In particular, excessive connections of the cover or of the motor vehicle shell can be avoided altogether. On the other hand, a particularly good energy absorption capacity of the energy absorption structure can be represented by the sandwich structure.

It has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the core layer is made of aluminum and / or is designed as a foam layer. As a result, the receiving space and thus the energy store can be protected particularly well against excessive damage.

In order to be able to realize a particularly high energy absorption capacity of the energy absorption structure, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the cover layers are formed from aluminum.

Finally, it has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the energy absorption structure has a first cover part and a second cover part which is arranged below the first cover part in the vertical direction of the vehicle and is spaced from the first cover part and which, for example, upwardly in the vertical direction of the vehicle at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, is overlapped or covered by the first cover part. The cover parts are flat cover parts or surface elements which preferably extend in a plane spanned by the transverse direction of the vehicle and the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The energy absorption structure furthermore comprises at least one resiliently deformable spring element arranged in the vertical direction of the vehicle between the cover parts and by means of which the second cover part is supported or can be supported on the first cover part in the vertical direction of the vehicle. It is preferably provided that the spring element is supported in the vertical direction of the vehicle at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the second cover part and in the vertical direction of the vehicle at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the first cover part. If the application of force is less than the threshold value, at least part of the second cover part is moved upward relative to the first cover part in the vertical direction of the vehicle and thus moved towards the first cover part, the spring element being elastically deformed. There is no plastic deformation of the spring element. If, however, the application of force falls below the threshold value, at least part of the second cover part is also moved upward relative to the first cover part in the vertical direction of the vehicle and thus moved towards the first cover part, but this results in a plastic deformation of the spring element. For example, the first cover part is moved from an initial position into a deformation position relative to the first cover part, the second cover part remaining in the deformation position due to the fact that the spring element is plastically deformed. For example, on the basis of a difference between the initial position and the deformation position, the extent of the application of force and thus a degree of damage can be determined and assessed. As a result, for example, a conclusion can be drawn as to whether the application of force has resulted in undesired damage to the energy store or not.

Preferably, the spring element formed for example from a spring steel is designed to bring about and dampen a rotational movement of the cover as a result of the force acting in the vertical direction of the vehicle from bottom to top against the cover. If the spring element is only elastically deformed, the cover returns to its starting position. If, however, the spring element is plastically deformed as a result of the application of force, the second cover part remains in its deformation position and / or there is, in particular, plastic deformation of the second cover part. The degree of damage can be assessed on the basis of the deformation position and, for example, on the basis of any, in particular plastic, deformation of the second cover part.

It can be seen that in comparison to the sandwich structure described above, the cover parts are, for example, the cover layers, the spring element representing a core arranged between the cover layers. Thus, the spring element is, so to speak, a spring core of the sandwich structure. A plurality of spring cores or a plurality of spring elements are preferably provided, the previous and following explanations relating to the one spring element also being able to be easily transferred to the other spring elements and vice versa.

The object of the invention also relates to a lid for closing the Receiving space for receiving the energy store, with the features of claim 10.

• 1 eine schematische und perspektivische Unteransicht auf einen Kraftfahrzeugrohbau, mit einem durch eine ringförmige Rahmenstruktur begrenzten Aufnahmeraum zum Aufnehmen eines Energiespeichers, und mit einem Deckel, welcher eine Energieabsorptionsstruktur aufweist;
• 2 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht der Energieabsorptionsstruktur gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform in einem undeformierten Zustand;
• 3 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht der Energieabsorptionsstruktur gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform in einem plastisch deformierten Zustand;
• 4 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht einer Energieabsorptionsstruktur gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform in einem undeformierten Zustand;
• 5 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht der Energieabsorptionsstruktur gemäß der zweiten Ausführungsform in einem plastisch deformierten Zustand;
• 6 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht der Energieabsorptionsstruktur gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform in einem undeformierten Zustand; und
• 7 ausschnittsweise eine schematische Schnittansicht der Energieabsorptionsstruktur gemäß der dritten Ausführungsform in einem deformierten Zustand.

Further advantages and details of the invention emerge from the following description and with reference to the drawing. Show:

• 1 a schematic and perspective view from below of a motor vehicle body shell, with a receiving space delimited by an annular frame structure for receiving an energy store, and with a cover which has an energy absorption structure;
• 2 a fragmentary schematic sectional view of the energy absorption structure according to a first embodiment in an undeformed state;
• 3 a fragmentary schematic sectional view of the energy absorption structure according to the first embodiment in a plastically deformed state;
• 4th a fragmentary schematic sectional view of an energy absorption structure according to a second embodiment in an undeformed state;
• 5 a fragmentary schematic sectional view of the energy absorption structure according to the second embodiment in a plastically deformed state;
• 6th a fragmentary schematic sectional view of the energy absorption structure according to a third embodiment in an undeformed state; and
• 7th a fragmentary schematic sectional view of the energy absorption structure according to the third embodiment in a deformed state.

In the figures, elements that are the same or have the same function are provided with the same reference symbols.

In 1 is a schematic and perspective bottom view of a motor vehicle shell, also referred to as a body support structure 10 for a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car, shown. The automobile body shell 10 is, for example, a self-supporting body and at least partially delimits the interior space of the motor vehicle, also known as the passenger compartment, in which people, such as the driver of the motor vehicle, can stay, especially while the motor vehicle is in motion.

The automobile body shell 10 has cross members spaced apart from one another in the vehicle longitudinal direction (x-direction in the vehicle coordinate system) 12th and 14th on, with the cross member 12th is arranged further forward in the vehicle longitudinal direction than the cross member 14th . In addition, the vehicle body shell 10 Longitudinal members spaced apart from one another in the transverse direction of the vehicle (y-direction in the vehicle coordinate system) 16 and 18th which are formed, for example, by side sills of the shell, also referred to as sills. The side members 16 and 18th close in particular towards the rear in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle to a front end wall, also referred to as a bulkhead 20th through which, for example, the interior space in the vehicle longitudinal direction from one in the vehicle longitudinal direction in front of the front wall 20th arranged front end area is separated. In the fully manufactured state of the motor vehicle, for example, parts of an electric drive, in particular at least one drive machine, by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven, are arranged in the front part of the vehicle. The drive machine is, for example, an electrical machine by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven electrically, in particular purely.

The automobile body shell 10 also comprises at least one floor element 21 ( 2 ), which, for example, is part of a floor of the motor vehicle shell, also referred to as the main floor 10 or the, in particular the entire, soil forms. In the fully manufactured state of the motor vehicle, the interior space in the vertical direction of the vehicle is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, through the floor element 21 or limited by the ground. The floor element 21 at least indirectly, in particular directly, with the side members 16 and 18th and / or with the cross members 12th and 14th be connected. For example, the floor element 21 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle between the cross members 12th and 14th and / or in the transverse direction of the vehicle between the side members 16 and 18th arranged. The cross members 12th and 14th and the side members 16 and 18th are collectively referred to as carriers. In one embodiment it can be provided that the carriers are also part of the floor.

Through the cross members 12th and 14th and through the side members 16 and 18th is a circumferentially closed and thus at least essentially ring-shaped frame structure 22nd formed, which is completely closed circumferentially along its circumferential direction. This limits the frame structure 22nd one in 2 partially recognizable and also referred to as the recording area 24 in which an in 2 highly schematic and only partially shown electrical energy storage 26th of the motor vehicle is recorded or recorded. The recording room 26th is in the vertical direction of the vehicle (z-direction in Vehicle coordinate system) up through the in 2 floor element shown particularly schematically and in part 21 at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, limited, that is, closed or closed. The frame structure 22nd extends in the circumferential direction of the receiving space 24 completely circumferential and thus closed circumferentially, so that the recording room 24 in the transverse direction of the vehicle outwards on both sides and in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle forwards and backwards through the frame structure 22nd is limited.

The electrical energy storage 26th includes, for example, several modules which are located in the receiving space, also known as the installation space 24 are arranged. The respective module has, for example, a plurality of storage cells which are electrically connected to one another. By means of the storage cells and thus by means of the energy store 26th electrical energy or electricity can be stored. Since the motor vehicle can be driven electrically by means of the electric machine, the motor vehicle is designed, for example, as a hybrid vehicle or as an electric vehicle, in particular as a battery-electric vehicle (BEV). In order to drive the motor vehicle electrically by means of the electrical machine, the electrical machine is supplied with electrical energy that is stored in the energy store 26th is stored. For example, the energy store 26th designed as a battery, in particular as a high-voltage battery (HV battery). It is also conceivable that in the receiving space 24 at least one or more further electronic and / or electrical components are arranged, which are used, for example, to electrically drive the motor vehicle and / or to connect the electrical machine with the in the energy store 26th to supply stored electrical energy. The recording room 24 and thus, for example, the energy storage system also known as high-voltage storage 26th extend, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle from the front wall 20th of the automotive shell 10 up to a rear car 28 . It can be provided in particular that the receiving space 24 in the vehicle longitudinal direction to the rear at least as far as below a rear bench seat, which then in the vertical direction of the vehicle above a part of the receiving space 24 can be arranged.

In addition, one is separate from the frame structure 22nd formed lid 30th provided, which in the vehicle vertical direction downwards compared to the floor element 21 arranged and thus in the vertical direction of the vehicle from the floor element 21 is spaced. Through the lid 30th is the recording room 24 Closed at the bottom in the vertical direction of the vehicle, that is, limited or closed. Here is the lid 30th for example, at least indirectly, in particular directly, to the side members 16 and 18th and / or to the cross members 12th and 14th tied, in particular screwed on and / or glued on. In a preferred embodiment it is provided that for the particularly moisture-tight sealing of the receiving space 24 with respect to the environment at least one sealing element between the cover 30th and the partial surfaces of the aforementioned carrier or frame elements with which the cover 30th is to be brought into the plant.

The lid 30th is designed according to a preferred embodiment as a flat plate or as a flat plate element. According to an alternative embodiment, the cover 30th at least one planar or essentially planar surface section, in particular in its central area, and on at least one of its edge sides a corresponding connection geometry, which with supports or frame elements or the like, which the receiving space 24 limit, cooperate. So can the lid 30th practically also hood-shaped or - seen in cross section - cup-shaped.

Now to the energy storage 26th particularly good protection and thus excessive damage to the energy storage device 26th being able to avoid is - how particularly good 2 and 3 can be seen - in the lid 30th an energy absorption structure 32 integrated. In other words, the lid 30th an energy absorption structure 32 on, which by one in the vehicle vertical direction from the bottom up on the lid 30th acting and in 2 by an arrow 34 illustrated force application is specifically deformable with energy consumption. This application of force can be caused, for example, by the vehicle touching down on the ground or by falling rocks or the like.

2 and 3 show a first embodiment of the energy absorbing structure 32 , which has several wall elements spaced apart from one another at least in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and / or in the transverse direction of the vehicle 36 has, which are plastically deformable by the application of force with energy consumption. The wall elements 36 stand in the vertical direction of the vehicle downward from a surface area 38 of the lid 30th away. The surface area 38 is an at least essentially flat, in particular flat wall area of the cover 30th which extends, for example, in a plane spanned by the transverse direction of the vehicle and the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

The application of force can occur, for example, when an in 2 particularly schematically shown object 40 in Vehicle vertical direction from bottom to top against the cover 30th and thus at least indirectly, in particular directly, against the energy absorption structure 32 and thus the wall elements 36 bounces. It shows 2 the energy absorption structure 32 and thus the wall elements 36 in an undeformed state, that is, before the object 40 against the energy absorption structure 32 or against the lid 30th bounces.

3 shows the energy absorption structure 32 in a, in particular plastic, deformed state after the object 40 against the lid 30th crashed. Not all wall elements are included 36 has been deformed, but only part of the wall elements 36 elastically deformed by the application of force.

2 shows the lid 30th with its energy absorption structure 32 in the fully manufactured condition of the motor vehicle. It can be seen that the wall elements arranged at a distance from one another 36 Gaps 42 are limited, which in the vehicle longitudinal direction and / or in the vehicle transverse direction between the respective wall elements 36 are arranged. The spaces in between 42 are in the fully manufactured state of the motor vehicle in the vertical direction of the vehicle not closed or limited, but open. This allows the wall elements 36 Deform particularly well, especially plastically, with energy consumption.

In the first embodiment it is provided that the wall elements 36 integral with the surface area 38 are trained. Here are the wall elements 36 and the area 38 formed for example by a one-piece extruded profile. The extruded profile is formed from aluminum, for example, and is thus designed as an aluminum extruded profile. The energy absorption structure 32 is one in the lid 30th Integrated underrun protection, by means of which excessive intrusions into the recording room 24 and thus damage to the energy storage device 26th can be avoided. For example, the extruded profile is an extruded plate, in particular an extruded aluminum plate, which is also used as a cover known as a battery cover.

For example, in 2 the longitudinal direction of the vehicle by a double arrow 44 illustrated, the vehicle transverse direction by a double arrow 46 is illustrated. The in 2 The embodiment shown are the wall elements 36 spaced from one another in the transverse direction of the vehicle. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the wall elements 36 extend continuously in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and thus in the forward direction of travel, i.e. without interruption.

In addition, the respective wall element is 36 In a plane spanned by the vertical direction of the vehicle and the transverse direction of the vehicle, it is curved or, in the present case, curved, the vertical direction of the vehicle in 2 by a double arrow 48 is illustrated. The respective wall element 36 thus has a first length range L1 and one to the first length range L1 subsequent, second length range L2 on, with the length ranges L1 and L2 run obliquely or perpendicular to each other. In addition, the length areas run L1 and L2 at an angle to the vertical direction of the vehicle. As a result, the respective wall element 36 a desired kink S, at which, for example, the length areas L1 and L2 merge into one another or at which the length ranges L1 and L2 meet. As a result of the application of force, the wall elements buckle 36 targeted at the desired kink S, which is particularly advantageous when impact energy is converted into deformation energy and the receiving space 24 is protected.

the end 2 and 3 can be seen that the energy absorption structure 32 on a downward facing in the vertical direction of the vehicle and thus the receiving space 24 remote bottom US of the surface area 38 is arranged, the bottom US is also referred to as the outside. Because by means of the energy absorption structure 32 Impact energy can be converted particularly well into deformation energy, there is no excessive deformation of the cover resulting from the application of force 30th at its facing upwards in the vertical direction of the vehicle and thus the receiving space 24 facing top OS. The top OS is also called the inside of the lid 30th designated. Minor damage therefore does not lead to undesired damage to the receiving space, which is also referred to as the battery area 24 .

4th and 5 show a second embodiment of the energy absorbing structure 32 . In the second embodiment, is the energy absorbing structure 32 as a sandwich structure 50 educated. The sandwich structure 50 has two at least substantially flat / flat cover layers which are spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction of the vehicle 52 and 54 on, which can be formed from aluminum, for example, and can thus be configured as aluminum layers. It is also conceivable that the cover layer 54 is formed from a steel and is thus designed as a steel layer, while preferably the cover layer 52 is formed from aluminum. The sandwich structure 50 also comprises one in the vehicle vertical direction between the cover layers 52 and 54 arranged core layer 56 which too is referred to as the core of the sandwich structure. The in 4th and 5 The embodiment shown is the core layer 56 formed from aluminum and designed as a foam element. In other words, it is preferably provided that the core layer 56 is formed by a foam, in particular by a light metal foam and very preferably by an aluminum foam. It is also conceivable that the core layer 56 is formed by a plastic foam, in particular by a plastic resin foam and very particularly by a PU resin foam (PU - polyurethane). The respective top layer 52 and or 54 can be formed from a light metal such as aluminum or titanium. It is thus conceivable that the cover layer 52 and or 54 is designed as an aluminum, steel or titanium plate. The respective top layer 52 respectively 54 is also referred to as the top layer and ensures an extremely rigid, but very good, especially plastic, deformable structure.

the end 4th and 5 it can be seen that this is in the vertical direction of the vehicle from bottom to top against the cover 30th bouncing object 40 and in particular its kinetic energy, in particular a plastic deformation of the energy absorption structure 32 , especially the sandwich structure 50 cause, whereby the kinetic energy or impact energy is converted into deformation energy. This creates the recording space behind 24 particularly well protected. The core layer 56 is at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, through the top layer in the upward direction of the vehicle 52 and downwards in the vertical direction of the vehicle at least partially, in particular at least predominantly or completely, through the cover layer 54 covered and thus concealed.

the end 5 is in particular the, in particular plastic, deformation of the core layer, which is preferably designed as a foam, caused by the application of force 56 recognizable while, however, the inside of the lid 30th remains without significant deformation. Here too, minor damage does not result in excessive damage to the battery area.

Finally show 6th and 7th a third embodiment of the energy absorption structure 32 . In the third embodiment, the energy absorbing structure 32 a first cover part 58 and a second cover part 60 on, which in the vehicle vertical direction down from the cover part 58 spaced and below the cover part 58 is arranged. For example, the previous and following statements on the cover layer 52 on the lid part 58 are transferred, alternatively or additionally the previous and following statements on the top layer 54 on the lid part 60 can be transmitted and vice versa. The lid parts 58 and 60 are, for example, cover plates or base plates, which - as will be explained in more detail below - are decoupled from one another. This includes the energy absorption structure 32 spring elements which are elastically deformable per se and are formed, for example, from a spring steel 62 as mechanical springs, which are formed separately from one another, for example. The spring elements 62 are in the vertical direction of the vehicle between the cover parts 58 and 60 arranged so that the cover part 60 in the vertical direction of the vehicle upwards over the spring elements 62 on the first cover part 58 is supported. It comes to the vehicle vertical direction from bottom to top of the lid 30th acting force, so the cover part 60 in the vertical direction of the vehicle upwards relative to the cover part 58 postponed. Here are the spring elements 62 deformed, whereby impact energy is converted into deformation energy. If the application of force is sufficiently low, only elastic deformation of the spring elements occurs 62 . As a result, the cover part 60 from an in 6th Starting position shown in a different deformation position relative to the cover part 58 emotional. After the application of force has ended, the spring elements can move 62 resiliently deform back, that is, spring back, whereby the cover part 60 is moved back from the deformation position to the starting position. However, if the application of force is correspondingly large, plastic deformation of the spring elements occurs 62 . Thus, for example, the cover part remains 60 in the deformation position and is not moved back to the starting position.

In 7th is by an arrow 64 illustrates that by means of the spring elements 62 the lid part 60 at the one resulting from the application of force and relative to the cover part 58 taking place movement is guided in such a way that the resulting from the application of force and relative to the cover part 58 subsequent movement of the cover part 60 is a rotational movement. This rotational movement is made by means of the spring elements 62 damped, whereby kinetic or impact energy is converted into deformation energy. Based on any plastic deformation of the spring elements resulting from the application of force 62 or based on the fact that the cover part 60 remains in the deformation position after the application of force and does not return to its initial position, it can be recognized that the application of force was so great that it may lead to undesired damage to the energy store 26th has come. Thus, based on the energy absorption structure 32 , in particular based on, for example, from the application of force resulting plastic deformation of the energy absorption structure 32 , an extent of the application of force can be recognized, so that any damage to the energy store 26th can be inferred without the cover 30th , the energy storage 26th or the floor element 21 having to dismantle.

In summary, it can be said that driving down curbs or crossing obstacles quickly causes minor damage to the battery base. This damage must be controlled in such a way that there is no safety-critical damage
of the cell area. Furthermore, an external assessment of the extent of the damage must be made
be possible without removing the sub-floor or battery floor.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102017219895 A1 [0002]
• DE 102018113812 A1 [0002]
• DE 102016207231 A1 [0002]
• DE 102017221260 A1 [0002]
• DE 102018113728 A1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Motor vehicle body shell, with a circumferentially closed and in the vertical direction of the vehicle formed by cross members (12, 14) of the vehicle body shell (10) spaced from one another in the vehicle longitudinal direction (44) and longitudinal members (16, 18) of the vehicle body shell (10) spaced from one another in the vehicle transverse direction (46) (48) downwardly from a base element (21) of the motor vehicle shell (10) projecting frame structure (22), by which a receiving space (24) for receiving an energy storage device (26) is delimited, and with a separately formed from the frame structure (22) , opposite to the base element (21) arranged cover (30), by which the receiving space (24) is closed in the vertical direction (48) of the vehicle downwards, characterized in that the cover (30) has an energy absorption structure (32) which by an in The application of force (34) acting upwardly on the cover (30) in the vertical direction of the vehicle can be deformed while consuming energy. Motor vehicle shell with a receiving space (24) provided on its underside facing a roadway for receiving an energy storage device (26) which is closed at the bottom in the vertical direction (48) of the vehicle by means of a cover (30) arranged opposite the roadway, characterized in that the cover ( 30) has an energy absorption structure (32) which can be deformed while consuming energy by an application of force (34) acting upward on the cover (30) in the vertical direction of the vehicle. Motor vehicle body shop according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the energy absorption structure (32) has a plurality of spaced apart wall elements (36) which are plastically deformable as a result of the application of force while consuming energy and which protrude downwards in the vertical direction of the vehicle (48) from a surface area (38) of the cover (30). Motor vehicle body shop according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the wall elements (36) between the wall elements (36) delimit spaces (42) which, when the motor vehicle body shell (10) is completely manufactured, are open downward in the vertical direction (48) of the vehicle towards a roadway. Motor vehicle body shop according to Claim 3 or 4th , characterized in that the wall elements (36) are formed in one piece with the surface area (38). Motor vehicle body shop according to Claim 5 , characterized in that the wall elements (36) and the surface area (38) are formed by a one-piece extruded profile. Motor vehicle shell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy absorption structure (32) is designed as a sandwich structure (50) which has two flat cover layers (52, 54) spaced from one another in the vehicle vertical direction (48) and one in the vehicle vertical direction (48) between the cover layers (52, 54) arranged core layer (56). Motor vehicle body shop according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the core layer (56) is formed from aluminum and / or is formed as a foam layer and / or that the cover layers (52, 54) are formed from aluminum, titanium or steel. Motor vehicle body shell according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy absorption structure (32) has a first cover part (58), a second cover part (60) arranged in the vertical direction (48) of the vehicle below the first cover part (58) and spaced from the first cover part (58) ) and has at least one elastically deformable spring element (62) arranged in the vertical direction of the vehicle between the cover parts (58, 60), by means of which the second cover part (60) is supported or can be supported upwardly on the first cover part (58) in the vertical direction (48) of the vehicle . Lid (30) for a motor vehicle body shell for closing a receiving space (24) for receiving an energy store (26), characterized in that the lid (30) has an energy absorption structure (32) which is pushed onto the lid (30) by an upwardly vertical direction of the vehicle ) acting application of force (34) is deformable, preferably partially deformable, in particular plastically deformable, while consuming energy.

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