DE102019204234A1 - Transmission device for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission device (G) comprising a first planetary gear set (P1) and a second planetary gear set (P2), the planetary gear sets (P1, P2) each comprising several elements (E11, E21, E31, E12, E22, E32), as well as a first connection shaft (1) and a second connection shaft (2). The invention is characterized in that - the first connection element (1) is connected to the first element (E11) of the first planetary gear set (1), - the second element (E21) of the first planetary gear set (P1) on a non-rotatable component ( GG), - the third element (E31) of the first planetary gear set (P1) is non-rotatably connected to the first element (E12) of the second planetary gear set (P2), - the second connection element (2) in connection with the second element (E22 ) of the second planetary gear set (P2), - the third element (E32) of the second planetary gear set (P2) is fixed on the non-rotatable component (GG).

Description

The invention relates to a transmission device according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the prior art, transmission devices such as high driver stages or reduction stages of the type of conventional minus planetary gear are known, which change the translation of an electric machine upstream or downstream of the transmission device.

For example, from the DE 10 2013 211 225 A1 a hybrid drive arrangement of a motor vehicle with an electrical machine is known, which is effectively connected to a vehicle transmission via a high driver stage. The step-up driver stage is designed as a planetary gear, which has a central sun gear, an outer ring gear and a planet carrier. A plurality of planetary gears are rotatably mounted on the planetary carrier and are in meshing engagement with the ring gear and the sun gear and rotate between them. The sun gear is connected to the rotor of the electric machine in a drive-effective manner, while the planet carrier is connected to a transmission input shaft in a rotationally fixed manner and on the drive side can be connected to an internal combustion engine via a starting or disconnecting clutch. The ring gear is permanently attached to a housing. Between the rotor of the electrical machine and the transmission input shaft, a circulating transmission is effective by means of the high driver stage, the speed of the electrical machine, when it is in a motorized operating mode, being reduced to slow speed at the transmission input. If the vehicle is in overrun mode and the electric machine is being operated as a generator, the transmission input speed is converted to high speed on the electric machine.

The transmission device, which is present as a high driver stage / reduction stage, can be connected in series as often as required in order to further increase the translation.

The object of the present invention is to provide an alternative transmission device.

The object is achieved by a transmission device having the features of claim 1. The subsequent dependent claims each reproduce advantageous developments of the invention. The object is also achieved by an actuator according to claim 7, by a motor vehicle drive train according to claim 8 and by a wind power transmission according to claim 9.

The invention is therefore based on a transmission device comprising a first planetary gear set and a second planetary gear set, the planetary gear sets each comprising a plurality of elements, as well as a first connection element and a second connection element.

The invention now includes the technical teaching that the first connection element is connected to the first element of the first planetary gear set and the second element of the first planetary gear set is fixed on a rotationally fixed component. The third element of the first planetary gear set is non-rotatably connected to the first element of the second planetary gear set. The second connection element, on the other hand, is connected to the second element of the second planetary gear set. The third element of the second planetary gear set, however, is fixed to the non-rotatable component.

The planetary gear sets are preferably each in the form of a minus planetary gear set, the first element of the respective planetary gear set being a sun gear, the second element of the respective planetary gear set being a planetary web and the third element of the respective planetary gear set being a ring gear. A minus planetary set is made up of the elements sun gear, planetary carrier and ring gear in a manner known in principle to the person skilled in the art, the planetary carrier rotating at least one, but preferably several, planetary gears, each of which is rotatably supported with both the sun and the Comb surrounding ring gear. The first and second planetary gear sets together form a first gear ratio.

The respective connection element can be present, for example, as a connection shaft.

It is fixed in particular by a non-rotatable connection with a non-rotatable component of the transmission, which is preferably a permanently stationary component, preferably a housing of the transmission, a part of such a housing or a component connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner. If an element is locked, it is prevented from rotating.

The transmission device is suitable in particular as a transmission stage for the transmission of an upstream electrical machine (motor operation of the electrical machine) and / or downstream electrical machine (generator operation of the electrical machine) in the power flow. Depending on the operating mode, the transmission device according to the invention is used to translate the speed into slow or fast.

The invention enables a larger gear ratio, for example of the upstream or downstream electrical machine, while maintaining the same installation space. In other words, it is possible to build more compact radially while maintaining the translation.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second planetary gear set is arranged radially outside the first planetary gear set. In other words, the two planetary gear sets are nested and form a common gear set plane. In this way, one wheel set level can be saved.

A transmission device is also preferred, the third element of the first planetary gear set and the first element of the second planetary gear set being designed integrally. This means that the third element and the first element form a common component, which reduces the manufacturing effort.

In addition, a transmission device in which a plurality of first and second planetary gear sets are connected in series is particularly preferred. In the case of a series connection, at least a second gear stage is connected to the first gear stage so that the gear ratio can be increased even further. In particular, a transmission device with two, three or even four first and second planetary gear sets connected in series is preferred. In other words, a transmission device with a second, third or fourth gear ratio is preferred.

At this point, it should be noted that the at least second gear ratio always includes a set of a first and a second planetary gear set, as described above.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is preferred if a rotor of an electric machine is connected to one of the connection elements.

It is particularly preferred if the first connection element is connected to a rotor of an electric machine, the rotor being designed to drive the first connection element (motor operation). The planetary gear sets thus act as a transmission for, for example, a further transmission of a motor vehicle, which is connected downstream of the transmission device in the power flow and in which the speed of the electric machine is reduced. This enables, for example, an electrical system or a hybrid system of a motor vehicle in the further course to have high wheel torques even at low vehicle speeds and contributes to opening up better efficiency ranges.

In addition, it is preferred if the first connection element is connected to a rotor of an electrical machine, the first connection element being designed to drive the rotor of the electrical machine. The planetary gear sets act as a transmission for a downstream electric machine. This variant is particularly preferred in wind power plants, since there the electric machine is connected in the form of a generator to the output of the transmission device. In this case, the drive for the gear device is provided by a main rotor of the wind turbine.

At this point it should be pointed out again that the electric machine coupled to the transmission device can be operated both as a motor and as a generator. In wind power plants, the generator can be used as a start-up aid when the motor is running. In hybrid and electric vehicles, the electric motors are switched to generator operation in order to combine braking with energy generation.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by an actuator with a transmission device as described above.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by a motor vehicle drive train for an electric or hybrid vehicle with a transmission device as described above.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the object is achieved by wind power transmissions with a transmission device as described above.

The “connection” of the rotor of the electric machine to the first or the second connection element of the transmission device is to be understood in the sense of the invention as a connection such that a constant speed dependency prevails between the rotor of the electric machine and the respective connection element.

The fact that two components of the transmission device are “connected” or “coupled” or “are connected to one another” means in the context of the invention a permanent coupling of these components so that they cannot rotate independently of one another. In this respect, no shifting element is provided between these components, which can be elements of the planetary gear sets and / or also shafts and / or a non-rotatable component of the transmission device, but the corresponding components are coupled to one another with constant speed dependency.

The invention is not restricted to the specified combination of the features of the main claim or the claims dependent thereon. In addition, there are possibilities of combining individual features with one another, also insofar as they emerge from the claims, the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention or directly from the drawings. The reference of the claims to the drawings through the use of reference signs is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

• 1 eine schematische Ansicht eines Kraftfahrzeugantriebsstranges;
• 2 eine schematische Ansicht eines Windkraftantriebsstranges;
• 3 eine schematische Ansicht eine Getriebevorrichtung wie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist;
• 4 eine schematische Ansicht einer Getriebevorrichtung, wie sie bei dem Kraftfahrzeugantriebsstrang aus 1 oder beim Windkraftantriebsstrang aus 2 zur Anwendung kommen kann;
• 5 und 6 jeweils eine schematische Ansicht je einer Getriebevorrichtung mit einer Elektromaschine, wie sie bei dem Kraftfahrzeugantriebsstrang aus 1 zur Anwendung kommen kann; und
• 7 und 8 jeweils eine schematische Ansicht je einer Getriebevorrichtung mit einer Elektromaschine, wie sie bei dem Windkraftantriebsstrang aus 2 zur Anwendung kommen kann;

Advantageous embodiments of the invention, which are explained below, are shown in the drawings. It shows:

• 1 a schematic view of a motor vehicle drive train;
• 2 a schematic view of a wind power drive train;
• 3 a schematic view of a transmission device as known from the prior art;
• 4th a schematic view of a transmission device as shown in the motor vehicle drive train 1 or with the wind power drive train 2 can be used;
• 5 and 6th each a schematic view of a transmission device with an electric machine, as shown in the motor vehicle drive train 1 can be used; and
• 7th and 8th each a schematic view of a transmission device with an electric machine, as shown in the wind power drive train 2 can be used;

1 shows a schematic view of a motor vehicle drive train of a hybrid vehicle, with an internal combustion engine in the motor vehicle drive train VKM via an intermediate torsional vibration damper TS with a transmission device G connected is. The transmission device G is a differential gear on the output side AG downstream, via which a drive power to drive wheels DW a drive axle of the motor vehicle is distributed. The transmission device G and the torsional vibration damper TS are in a common housing of the transmission device G arranged, in which then the differential gear AG can be integrated. As also in 1 can be seen are the internal combustion engine VKM , the torsional vibration damper TS who have favourited the transmission device G and also the differential gear AG aligned transversely to a direction of travel of the motor vehicle. The transmission device has the particular task of reducing the speed of an electric machine (not shown), that is to say increasing the torque. In this case, the input speed is greater than the output speed. One speaks of a translation into slow speed.

2 shows a schematic view of a wind power drive train of a wind power plant 100 . The wind turbine 100 consists essentially of a rotor with a hub 101 and rotor blades 102 as well as a machine gondola 103 who have favourited the generator 104 and a transmission device G houses. The gondola is rotatably mounted on a tower, the foundation of which provides the necessary stability. By means of the rotors 102 energy is taken from the flow and that via the transmission device G the generator 104 supplied to generate electrical energy. The task of the transmission device of the wind turbine is to provide the generator with the highest possible speed, ie to translate it as much as possible. In this case, the output speed is greater than the input speed. One speaks here of a quick translation.

Out 3 is a schematic representation of a transmission device G according to the state of the art. As can be seen, the transmission device is composed of two planetary gear sets connected in series and an electric machine, which are arranged together in the housing of the transmission device. The planetary gear sets P1 and P2 each include a first element E11 or. E12 , a second element each E21 or. E22 and a third element each E31 or. E32 . The respective first element E11 or. E12 is each formed by a sun gear of the respective planetary gear set, while the respective second element of the respective planetary gear set is present as a planet carrier and the respective third element of the respective planetary gear set is present as a ring gear.

In the present case, the first planetary gear set and the second planetary gear set are each available as a minus planetary gear set, the respective planetary web of which rotatably guides at least one planetary gear, which meshes with the respective radially inner sun gear as well as the respective radially surrounding ring gear.

The first element E11 the first planetary gear set has a first connection element 1 connected, which in the present case is designed as a connecting shaft. The connecting shaft 1 again stands with the rotor R1 the electric machine in connection.

The ring gears of both planetary gear sets P1 , P2 are each on the gearbox GG fixed. The planet carrier of the first planetary gear set is non-rotatably connected to the sun gear of the second planetary gear set. The planet carrier of the second planetary gear set, in turn, has a connection element 2 connected, which is also designed as a connecting shaft.

In this application example known from the prior art, that is from the electric machine EM provided torque increased by the series-connected planetary gear sets. This transmission device is therefore particularly suitable in a motor vehicle drive train according to FIG 1 to be applied.

Out 4th is a schematic representation of the transmission device G according to a first embodiment of the invention. As can be seen, the transmission device sits down G from a gear set comprising a first planetary gear set P1 and a second planetary gear set P2 together, common in the housing of the transmission device G are arranged. Each of the planetary gear sets P1 and P2 each have a first element E11 or. E12 , a second element each E21 or. E22 and a third element each E31 or. E32 on. The respective first element E11 or. E12 is in each case by a sun gear of the respective planetary gear set P1 or. P2 formed while the respective second element E21 or. E22 of the respective planetary gear set P1 or. P2 as a planetary bridge and the respective third element E31 or. E32 of the respective planetary gear set P1 or. P2 exists as a ring gear.

As is known from the prior art, the first planetary gear set is located P1 and the second planetary gear set P2 each as a minus planetary gear set. The respective planetary web rotatably guides at least one planetary gear which is in meshing engagement both with the respective radially inner sun gear and with the respective radially surrounding ring gear. However, they are particularly preferred for the first planetary gear set P1 and the second planetary gear set P2 several planet gears each provided.

In contrast to the prior art, it is now provided that the second element E21 of the first planetary gear set P1 on a rotationally fixed component GG is fixed. In the case of the non-rotatable component GG In the present case, it is the transmission housing of the transmission device G . Also is the third element E32 of the second planetary gear set P2 on the non-rotatable component GG fixed. Beyond that is the third element E31 of the first planetary gear set P1 with the first element E12 of the second planetary gear set P2 rotatably connected to one another, with both elements E21 and E31 form a common component. Furthermore, the two planetary gear sets P1 , P2 arranged nested, ie the second planetary gear set P2 is radially outside of the first planetary gear set P1 arranged. The first element E11 is with a first connection element 1 connected. The second element E22 of the second planetary gear set P2 is in connection with a second connection element.

One of the two connection elements 1 , 2 can now be configured as a drive shaft or be connected to a drive shaft. For example, it becomes the first connection element 1 driven, the speed of the electric machine is reduced. However, it becomes the second connection element 2 driven, the speed provided by a drive machine, not shown, is increased and then made available to the electric machine. Thus, a transmission device can be provided which is provided for a plurality of applications. So can this transmission device G both in a motor vehicle drive train according to 1 , but also in a wind power drive train 2 Find application. The transmission device advantageously enables a greater gear ratio with the same installation space. In addition, a wheelset level can be saved.

Out 5 is a schematic representation of the transmission device G according to a further embodiment of the invention. This configuration option largely corresponds to the previous variant 4th , with the difference that on the first connection element 1 a rotor R of an electric machine EM is connected, which drives the first connection element. The planetary gear sets P1 and P2 translate the speed of the electric machine EM . Such a transmission device is therefore used in particular in a motor vehicle drive train according to FIG 1 .

6th shows a schematic representation of a transmission device G according to a further embodiment of the invention, as is also the case with the motor vehicle drive train 1 Can apply. This embodiment also essentially corresponds to the variant according to 5 , with an additional “first and second planetary gear set P1 , P2 “In the form of a third and fourth planetary gear set P3 , P4 are provided. This is a series of gear ratios of the first and second planetary gear sets P1 , P2 that is the translation of the electric machine EM compared to the embodiment according to 5 increased again.

The additional gear stage includes the third planetary gear set P3 and the fourth Planetary gear set P4 is in a manner analogous to the first gear stage including the first and second planetary gear set P1 , P2 built up. So are the planetary gear sets P3 , P4 arranged nested, ie the fourth planetary gear set P4 is radially outside of the third planetary gear set P3 arranged. A second element E23 of the third planetary gear set P3 is like the third element E34 of the fourth planetary gear set P4 on the rotationally fixed component GG fixed and thus permanently prevented from rotating. Beyond that is the third element E33 of the third planetary gear set P3 with the first element E14 of the fourth planetary gear set P4 rotatably connected to one another, with both elements E23 and E34 form a common component.

A first element E13 of the third planetary gear set P3 is now with the second element E22 of the second planetary gear set P2 non-rotatably connected. The second element is preferred here E22 of the second planetary gear set and the first element E13 of the third planetary gear set as a common component, in particular as a common shaft. The second element E24 of the fourth planetary gear set P4 is with the second connection element 2 connected.

By providing the additional planetary gear sets P3 , P4 is still the second element of the second planetary gear set P2 with the second connection element 2 connected, since there is a speed dependency. Otherwise, the embodiment corresponds to 6th according to the variant 5 so that reference is made to what has been written on this.

7th shows a schematic representation of a transmission device according to a further embodiment of the invention. This preferably comes from the wind power drive train 2 to use. This embodiment also essentially corresponds to the variant according to 5 . In contrast to the variant after 5 , in which the rotor R is the first connection element 1 and with it the first element E11 of the first planetary gear set P1 drives, drives the first element E11 of the first planetary gear set P1 when executing according to 7th now the rotor R of the electric machine. This is particularly suitable for operation of the electric machine in generator mode, for example in a wind power plant. For example, the rotor of the wind turbine 100 out 2 are in communication with the second connection element in order by means of the planetary gear sets P1 , P2 Increase the fed speed to the generator 104 to provide a higher speed.

8th shows a schematic representation of a transmission device according to a further embodiment of the invention, as is also shown in the wind power drive train 2 Can apply. This embodiment corresponds essentially to the previous variant 7th In contrast to this, a further gear ratio in the form of a third and fourth planetary gear set P3 , P4 is provided. The two gear ratios connected in series enable the rotors, for example 102 Increase the generated speed even further, so that the downstream generator 104 an even higher speed can be made available. The connection of the planetary gear sets takes place essentially as in the embodiment according to 6th so that the connections between the individual elements are not discussed further. Except for the additional third and fourth planetary gear set P3 , P4 corresponds to the embodiment according to 8th otherwise according to the variant 7th so that reference is made to what is described in this regard.

List of reference symbols

G

Transmission device

GG

Non-rotatable component, gear housing

P1

First planetary gear set

E11

First element of the first planetary gear set

E21

Second element of the first planetary gear set

E31

Third element of the first planetary gear set

P2

Second planetary gear set

E12

First element of the second planetary gear set

E22

Second element of the second planetary gear set

E32

Third element of the second planetary gear set

P3

Third planetary gear set

E13

First element of the third planetary gear set

E23

Second element of the third planetary gear set

E33

Third element of the third planetary gear set

P4

Fourth planetary gear set

E14

First element of the fourth planetary gear set

E24

Second element of the fourth planetary gear set

E34

Third element of the fourth planetary gear set

1

First connection element, first connection shaft

2

Second connection element, second connection shaft

12th

common component, common shaft

34

common component, common shaft

100

Wind turbine

101

hub

102

Rotor blades

103

Machine gondola

104

generator

EM

Electric machine (motor / generator)

S1

stator

R1

rotor

TS

Torsional vibration damper

AG

Differential gear

DW

Drive wheels

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102013211225 A1 [0003]

Claims (9)

Transmission device (G) comprising a first planetary gear set (P1) and a second planetary gear set (P2), the planetary gear sets (P1, P2) each comprising several elements (E11, E21, E31, E12, E22, E32), as well as a first connection element ( 1) and a second connection element (2), characterized in that - the first connection element (1) is in connection with the first element (E11) of the first planetary gear set (1), - the second element (E21) of the first planetary gear set (P1 ) is fixed on a non-rotatable component (GG), - the third element (E31) of the first planetary gear set (P1) is non-rotatably connected to the first element (E12) of the second planetary gear set (P2), - the second connection element (2) is connected with the second element (E22) of the second planetary gear set (P2), - the third element (E32) of the second planetary gear set (P2) is fixed on the non-rotatable component (GG). Gear device (G) according to Claim 1 , wherein the second planetary gear set (P2) is arranged radially outside the first planetary gear set (P1). Gear device (G) according to Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the third element (E31) of the first planetary gear set (P1) and the first element (E12) of the second planetary gear set (P2) are designed integrally. Transmission device (G) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of first and second planetary gear sets (P1, P2) are connected in series. Transmission device (G) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein one of the connection elements (1, 2) is connected to a rotor (R1) of an electric machine (EM1). Gear device (G) according to Claim 5 , wherein the rotor (R) of the electric machine (EM) is connected to the first connection element (1). Actuator with a gear device according to one of the Claims 1 to 6th . Motor vehicle drive train for an electric or hybrid vehicle with a transmission device according to one of the Claims 1 to 6th . Wind power transmission with a transmission device according to one of the Claims 1 to 6th .

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