DE102019110918A1 - Process for the production of functional laminated glasses, process for the arrangement of glass elements for functional laminated glasses and arrangement of glass elements for functional laminated glasses - Google Patents

Abstract

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for producing functional laminated glasses, a method for arranging glass elements for laminated functional glasses and an arrangement of glass elements for laminated functional glasses, in which a flat individual or inhomogeneous temperature control is made possible, so that in particular thermally sensitive functional elements laminate into the laminated glass for a functional laminated glass. In addition, a suitable arrangement and combination of the components is to be achieved for this purpose. that at least one functional element (3) is arranged at a distance from the pane edge (7) on the lower lamination layer (2), that at least one upper lamination layer (4) is placed on the at least one functional element (3) and then an upper glass element (5) as a cover glass element (5) is placed and that the arrangement of the glass elements (12) is then vacuum laminated, an inhomogeneous temperature field being generated during vacuum laminating, the arrangement of the glass elements (12) at least in the region of the at least one functional element (3, 13) is tempered at least a first lamination temperature and that the arrangement of the glass elements (12) at least at the edge of the pane (7) or in the area (11) away from the at least one functional element (3) to at least a second lamination temperature, the first lamination temperature being lower than the second lamination temperature.

Description

Methods for producing laminated glasses are already known.

So describes the DE 10 2008 018 895 84 A1 a laminating device for laminating components by the combined use of pressure and heat, the laminating device comprising a component support receiving one or more component stacks and at least one heating device between the component support and the component stack, the heating device as a heating mat having a plurality of heating elements next to one another in one plane or in several Level arranged comprises, the heating elements are controllable individually or in groups. In addition, several heating mats can be arranged one above the other. However, redundancy or failure compensation of the heating elements is tracked, the heating element lying above another heating element being intended to support the heating element below in the event of a failure. Temperature sensors are provided for failure control. There is no increase in temperature due to the coupling of the heating elements, which may be one above the other. A distributed use of the heating elements is also not provided.

DE 10 2013 210 441 A1 discloses a pressing tool comprising an upper tool half and a lower tool half for pressing composite materials between the two tool halves, one of the tool halves being equipped with a heating device and being heatable, while the other tool half is not designed to be heatable, so that a composite material is pressed when pressing Temperature gradient in the composite material from the unheated tool half towards the heated tool half. Accordingly, there is uniform surface heating by the heatable tool half and likewise uniform surface cooling of the non-heatable tool half, so that the temperature gradient is also uniform over the entire component surface.

The CN 104310769 A discloses a process for making vacuum tempered glass using a multi-layer, high temperature edge seal, heating and cooling for each layer.

The DE19942364 discloses a tool for hot forming in the embossing process with a structured impression tool using electrically conductive and therefore directly heatable ceramic for heating the impression tool and substrate or the material to be deformed. Cooling is also provided. The heating and cooling influence the process, the impression tool or the workpiece over the entire surface without adaptation to local characteristics. The goal of cooling is shorter process times.

According to the state of the art, inhomogeneous temperature fields are very impractical when laminating and are generally not aimed for.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for producing functional laminated glasses, a method for arranging glass elements for laminated functional glasses and an arrangement of glass elements for laminated functional glasses, in which a flat individual or inhomogeneous temperature control is made possible, so that in particular thermally sensitive functional elements laminate into the laminated glass for a functional laminated glass. Furthermore, a suitable arrangement and combination of the components should be achieved.

In the specified application, the invention achieves that a method for producing functional laminated glasses is created from an arrangement of glass elements, at least one lower lamination layer being placed on a lower glass element as the base glass element, that at least one functional element being spaced apart from the edge of the pane on the lower lamination layer is that at least one upper lamination layer is placed on the at least one functional element and then an upper glass element is placed as a cover glass element and that the arrangement of the glass elements is then vacuum laminated, an inhomogeneous temperature field being generated during the vacuum lamination, the arrangement of the glass elements at least in the Area of the at least one functional element is tempered to at least a first lamination temperature and that the arrangement of the glass elements at least on the edge of the pane or in the area away from the at least one Functional element is tempered to at least a second lamination temperature, the first lamination temperature being lower than the second lamination temperature.

As a result, a flat individual or inhomogeneous temperature control is achieved, so that thermally sensitive points and areas, in particular those of the respective functional element, are heated to only a first lamination temperature and at least the edge of the pane, i.e. the edge area up to the respective functional element, on which reliable lamination must be heated to a higher second lamination temperature. This protects the functional elements against overheating or unfavorable heating while the lamination process is running reliably.

The temperature difference between the first lamination temperature and the second lamination temperature is between 30 to 50 Kelvin, preferably 40 Kelvin, in order to avoid unfavorable stresses in the glass. The maximum temperature difference can vary depending on the glass composition and type of glass, so that temperature differences of over 50 Kelvin are not excluded.

In addition to flat glasses, glass element is also understood to mean three-dimensionally shaped glasses. The mutually facing surfaces between the laminating layers and the at least one functional element are preferably shaped or designed to be complementary to one another. The surfaces are shaped or designed with respect to one another in such a way that lamination can take place reliably.

The arrangement of the glass elements is understood to mean the glass elements prepared for the lamination, between which the lamination layers and the at least one functional element are arranged. Although two glass elements, the base glass element and the cover glass element, are assumed, it is not excluded that the arrangement of the glass elements also includes three or more glass elements, between which the laminating layers and the at least one functional element are arranged. The respective arrangements and arrangement steps as well as procedures are to be applied accordingly to the respective glass elements.

The term temperature control encompasses heating or heating and cooling or cooling as necessary. Depending on the initial conditions or initial temperature and the target temperature or lamination temperature to be achieved, temperature control takes place as heating or heating or as cooling or cooling. Active and passive temperature control elements are used for temperature control.

Both the vacuum capsule lamination process and the membrane lamination process can be considered for vacuum lamination.

In the vacuum capsule lamination process, every bagged laminated glass is equipped with active or passive temperature control elements for tempering, since the laminating furnace heats with a laminating furnace temperature convectively and the attached tempering elements conductively influence or adjust the inhomogeneous temperature field. The laminating furnace temperature can correspond to the at least one first or second laminating temperature. Depending on the choice of the laminating furnace temperature, the temperature control elements are selected, arranged and controlled in accordance with the necessary function and / or the necessary laminating temperature.

In the membrane lamination process, in addition to the regular heating elements, which are often designed as contact heating elements with a heat transfer medium and temper to the lamination temperature, additional temperature control elements are optionally installed in or behind the membrane for the tempering that deviates from this lamination temperature. The regular heating elements specify the at least one first or second lamination temperature. Depending on the specified laminating temperature of the regular heating elements, the temperature control elements are selected and arranged in accordance with the necessary function and / or the necessary laminating temperature. The membrane heats up the laminated glass and, with a delay or from the start, temperature control elements are switched on or act passively and inhomogeneous temperature control takes place. In the membrane lamination process, the entire temperature field is set conductively.

The respective laminating temperatures depend on the laminating layers used. For example, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is used as the lamination layer, for example as a film. Depending on the type of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers used, they each have different melting and laminating temperatures, for example between 80 to 90 degrees Celsius or between 120 to 140 degrees Celsius, so that the respective melting and laminating temperature can be reached or achieved for an optimal lamination result is to be observed. Depending on the laminating layers used, this also results in different first and second laminating temperatures.

Depending on the functional element, it may be necessary to select the lamination layer individually in accordance with the thermal compatibility, so that the particular first lamination temperature must be set individually, depending on the functional element. This means that different requirements can also exist within a functional element.

The method for constructing a functional laminated glass provides for the arrangement of glass elements for laminated functional glass, in which at least one lower laminating layer is placed on a base glass element, that at least one functional element is arranged on the lower laminating layer at a distance from the edge of the pane, that at least one upper laminating layer on the functional element applied and then a cover slip element is placed, to be treated specifically in an inhomogeneous temperature field. The reason for the intention to create an inhomogeneous field, which as described above according to the state of the art Laminating technology is very impracticable and is usually not aimed at, the temperature sensitivity of certain functional elements, whereas typical laminating layers as laminating films require higher laminating temperatures in comparison to provide sufficient bond strength and protection against penetration against harmful media such as water or oxygen. The edge of the pane, that is to say the edge area up to the respective functional element, therefore advantageously experiences a higher lamination temperature and the areas with sensitive functional elements experience a lower lamination temperature.

The functional elements are essentially flat structures, which do not include, for example, electro-organic elements such as OLED or organic photovoltaic cells or printed circuits, picture elements or other physical functions. In addition to the organic elements, inorganic elements can also be used. Depending on the function and shape of the glass elements as well as the materials used, the shape and mobility of functional elements that are flexible or not or only slightly flexible and the materials used for this purpose are not conclusively considered. Support materials are provided which, for example, are shaped or moldable to complement the inner surfaces of the glass elements. Depending on the function and shape implemented, it can happen that parts or components of the functional elements protrude from the surface.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are presented in the subclaims.

In a development of the method, the entire arrangement of glass elements is tempered to a first lamination temperature and, after this first lamination temperature has been reached, the arrangement of the glass elements is tempered to a second lamination temperature at least on the edge of the pane apart from the at least one functional element. In this way, the glass elements are initially heated over the entire surface and evenly, whereby stresses are largely avoided. After the first lamination temperature is reached, only the area or areas are further heated to the second lamination temperature where there are no or only functional elements. This or these areas are those where at least the laminating layer is present at the edge of the pane, since this laminating layer has to isolate the functional elements and other internal laminating layers from the atmosphere or to protect them from this.

A further development of the method provides that the arrangement of the glass elements is tempered to the at least one second lamination temperature, at least the area of the at least one functional element being tempered to at least the at least one first lamination temperature. This ensures that the corresponding areas are already heated to the necessary at least one second lamination temperature by heating without additional measures and the area of the at least one functional element is heated to at least the at least one first lamination temperature by, for example, thermal insulation, insulation or cooling.

The method for producing functional laminated glass from an arrangement of glass elements can thus be implemented in different ways.

On the one hand, the laminating oven is heated to at least a first and thus lower laminating temperature and, for example, the edge of the pane is heated to at least a second and thus higher laminating temperature. In this case, the heating for the pane edge is only switched on when the laminating oven has reached its first and thus lower laminating temperature.

On the other hand and alternatively, the laminating oven is heated to at least a second and thus higher laminating temperature and the sensitive areas, that is to say at least in the area of the at least one functional element, are cooled to at least a first and thus lower laminating temperature. In this case, the cooling must be active, activated or switched on from the start.

Experiments have shown that the transition area or border area from that of the first lamination temperature to the second lamination temperature can be blurred. This can result in a lamination layer clouding. In this respect, it is an advantageous further development that, in order to sharperly delimit the temperature ranges from that of the first lamination temperature to the second lamination temperature, either active cooling is carried out directly next to the additional heating of the edge area or pane edge, or the pane edge or edge area is additionally heated despite the increased second lamination oven temperature if the Area of the respective functional element is actively cooled to the lower first lamination temperature.

Advantageously, therefore, in the transition area or border area of the at least one functional element to the respective laminating layers, which, opposite or outside of the at least one functional element, face each other directly or lie against one another and are laminated together or in the transition area or border area of the first lamination temperature and the second Laminating temperature or in the range of tempering at least one functional element as cooling. By cooling in the respective transition area or border area or in the area of the respective functional element, it is advantageously achieved that the disadvantageous or even critical radiant heat or through the heat flow which always flows from the area with the higher temperature to the area with the lower temperature and for heating the base glass elements or coverslip elements in the area of the or the respective functional elements, is reduced or avoided. It is achieved that a temperature gradient is established in the transition area or border area, which has a sudden or very steep transition from the first lamination temperature to the higher second lamination temperature.

Advantageously, in the transition area or border area of the at least one functional element to the respective lamination layers, which are opposite or outside of the at least one functional element directly opposite to one another or lie against one another and are laminated together or in the transition area or border area of the first lamination temperature and the second lamination temperature or in the area of the at least one functional element, temperature control as cooling to or below a temperature that is favorable for the at least one functional element or to at least the at least one first lamination temperature, so that the respective functional element or elements are not thermally stressed or not intensively stressed, what would affect the lifespan of the respective functional element.

It is advantageous to select the required lamination coating according to the advantageous or permissible lamination temperature.

By setting the at least one first lamination temperature to a temperature that is favorable for the at least one functional element, impairments to the respective functional element can be reduced or avoided.

For more reliable and controllable cooling results, the temperature control is carried out as a conductive conductor, for example as contact cooling.

The temperature control is advantageously carried out as cooling by means of temperature control elements applied to the surfaces of the base glass element and / or the cover glass element as cooling elements which, depending on the type of lamination process or the type of arrangement within the vacuum capsule or membrane, withstand the vacuum, thus maintaining their shape and function ,

The cooling elements are advantageously, for example, hoses, pipes or hollow profiles through which liquid or gas flows.

Likewise, full profiles made of a material with a high thermal conductivity are also provided as cooling elements. The full profiles, insulated against the laminating furnace temperature, conduct the heat away over the metal.

So-called Peltier elements are also possible. When a current is applied, these generate a temperature difference on opposite surfaces. For example, cooling is achieved on one side or surfaces of the element, while the other side or surfaces give off heat. A combination of these with the metallic heat conductors is advantageous.

The cooling elements have a corresponding contact or corresponding contact surfaces for a corresponding thermal coupling.

For cooling or tempering the respective base glass element and / or the respective cover glass element in the area of the at least one functional element, these areas are covered or provided with a heat-insulating or cooling cover or layer, as a result of which passive and active cooling to the permissible at least one first lamination temperature in the area of the at least one functional element is made possible. This makes it possible, for example, that the laminating furnace temperature can be set to the at least one second laminating temperature, while there is no critical overheating in the area of the at least one functional element. Even at a lamine oven temperature in the range of a first lamination temperature, particularly vulnerable areas can be additionally protected.

By heating as the heating to the at least one first lamination temperature and / or to the at least one second lamination temperature by means of a contact heater and / or a convection heater and / or by means of temperature control elements, a targeted and needs-based temperature control for an inhomogeneous temperature field is achieved, whereby the the respective area of the different temperings as well as the different temperings do not influence one another or only influence one another to a very small extent and an unfavorable heat flow can also be corrected.

In a development of the method, at least at the edge of the pane or in the area apart from the at least one functional element, the temperature is additionally increased to the at least one second lamination temperature, as a result of which a disadvantageous heat flow in a cooled area of the at least one functional element is compensated. An energetically unfavorable process is thus carried out, but the result is advantageous.

Depending on the process, the respective temperature control as conductive cooling or heating can be arranged either directly on the glass and thus inside the vacuum capsule or the vacuum membrane as well as outside the vacuum capsule or the vacuum membrane.

The at least one upper and lower lamination layer with a preferred lamination temperature in the region of the at least one first lamination temperature is advantageously arranged in the area of the at least one functional element or in the area between two or more functional elements, so that at least in these areas only temperature control in the for the at least a functional element at a favorable temperature is required and a reliable lamination result is also achieved at this at least one first lamination temperature.

The at least one upper and lower lamination layer with a preferred lamination temperature in the region of the at least one second lamination temperature is advantageously arranged on the edge of the pane and / or in another region apart from the at least one functional element or in the region between two and more functional elements, as a result of which in these regions mentioned a temperature control can be used for a laminating layer melting at higher temperatures. The laminating layers melting at higher temperatures, such as corresponding types of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer films, have the advantage of higher bond strength and better protection against penetration against harmful media than those laminating layers melting at lower temperatures. Thus, at least the edge of the pane and the other areas apart from the functional elements are provided with a particularly stressable lamination layer.

Although laminating layers with different melting points are used, there is a seamless transition in the border area of these laminating layers. The melting laminate layers run into each other and mix.

If functional elements that are bulky or spatially used are used or if a greater distance than is required when using two lamination layers is required between two glass elements, it is provided that at least on the edge of the pane or in another area apart from the at least one functional element between the at least one lower lamination layer and the at least one upper lamination layer at least one additional lamination layer with a preferred lamination temperature in the region of the at least one first or second lamination temperature is arranged. To a certain extent, a spacer is thus realized which favors the special requirements for the spacing of the glass elements. Functional elements that build up their height are also protected against mechanical influences. The additional lamination layer can be designed and arranged, for example, as a mat.

If two or more functional elements are used between two glass elements, they can be spaced apart, butted or overlapped. Depending on the functional elements, special functions or effects can be implemented.

For example, to protect against delamination or as electrical insulation for mechanical protection of corresponding functional elements, overlapping functional elements are spaced at least in the overlapping area with an intermediate lamination layer. The intermediate lamination layer is preferably one with a preferred lamination temperature in the range of the at least one first lamination temperature or an intermediate lamination layer melting for the at least one functional element.

The arrangement of glass elements for functional laminated glasses according to the invention comprises at least that at least one lower lamination layer is placed on a glass element as the base glass element, that at least one functional element is arranged on the lower lamination layer at a distance from the edge of the pane, that at least one upper lamination layer is placed on the at least one functional element and then a glass element is placed as a cover glass element.

The arrangement is advantageously further developed by the at least one upper and lower lamination layer in the area of the at least one functional element or in the area between two or more functional elements is arranged with a preferred lamination temperature in the region of the at least one first lamination temperature, since the thermal peculiarities or sensitivities of the functional elements can be discussed here.

Furthermore, the fact that the at least one upper and lower lamination layer with a preferred lamination temperature in the region of the at least one second lamination temperature is arranged on the edge of the pane and / or in another region apart from the at least one functional element or in the region between two and more functional elements that a lamination which is reliable for bond strength and for protection against penetration against harmful media is made possible at least on the edge of the pane or edge area.

To widen the distance between the two glass elements, at least at the edge of the pane or in another area apart from the at least one functional element between the at least one lower lamination layer and the at least one upper lamination layer, there is at least one additional lamination layer with a preferred lamination temperature in the region of the at least one first or second lamination temperature arranged or in the region of the at least one lower lamination layer and the at least one upper lamination layer. This allows reliable and safe provision and lamination of extensive or particularly sensitive functional elements between the glass elements. The additional lamination layer is, for example, strip-like, frame-like or as a mat.

• 1 eine Schnittdarstellung einer Anordnung von Glaselementen mit einem unteren Glaselement als Grundglaselement und einem oberen Glaselement als Deckglaselement, mit zwischen den Glaselementen angeordneter unterer und oberer Laminierschicht und mit zwischen den Laminierschichten angeordnetem Funktionselement beabstandet zum Scheibenrand vorbereitet für ein Laminierverfahren,
• 2 eine Schnittdarstellung einer Anordnung von Glaselementen mit einem unteren Glaselement als Grundglaselement und einem oberen Glaselement als Deckglaselement, mit zwischen den Glaselementen angeordneter unterer und oberer Laminierschicht unter Einsatz unterschiedlicher Laminierschichten am Scheibenrand und im Bereich des Funktionselementes und mit zwischen den Laminierschichten angeordnetem Funktionselement beabstandet zum Scheibenrand mit auf den Glaselementen als Flachglasscheiben am Übergangsbereich oder Grenzbereich angeordnetem Temperierelementen zur Kühlung als Kühlelemente und am Scheibenrand angeordnetem Temperierelementen zur Heizung,
• 3 eine Schnittdarstellung einer Anordnung von Glaselementen mit einem unteren Glaselement als Grundglaselement und einem oberen Glaselement als Deckglaselement, mit zwischen den Glaselementen angeordneter unterer und oberer Laminierschicht unter Einsatz unterschiedlicher Laminierschichten am Scheibenrand und im Bereich des Funktionselementes und mit zwischen den Laminierschichten angeordnetem Funktionselement beabstandet zum Scheibenrand mit einer zusätzlichen Laminierschicht zwischen der unteren und oberen Laminierschicht am Scheibenrand und mit auf den Glaselementen als Flachglasscheiben im Bereich des Funktionselementes angeordnetem Temperierelementen zur Kühlung als Kühlelement und als geteilte Darstellung mit am Scheibenrand zusätzlich angeordneten Temperierelementen zur Heizung des Scheibenrandes und einen Scheibenrand ohne zusätzliche T emperi erelemente,
• 4 eine Schnittdarstellung einer Anordnung von Glaselementen mit einem unteren Glaselement als Grundglaselement und einem oberen Glaselement als Deckglaselement, mit zwischen den Glaselementen angeordneter unterer und oberer Laminierschicht unter Einsatz unterschiedlicher Laminierschichten am Scheibenrand und im Bereich des Funktionselementes und mit zwischen den Laminierschichten angeordneten Funktionselementen beabstandet zum Scheibenrand, mit zwischen den Funktionselementen angeordneter Zwischenlaminierschicht und mit einer zusätzlichen Laminierschicht zwischen der unteren und oberen Laminierschicht am Scheibenrand,
• 5 eine Schnittdarstellung einer Anordnung von Glaselementen mit einem unteren Glaselement als Grundglaselement und einem oberen Glaselement als Deckglaselement, mit zwischen den Glaselementen angeordneter unterer und oberer Laminierschicht und mit zwischen den Laminierschichten zueinander und zum Scheibenrand bestabstandet angeordneten Funktionselementen unter Einsatz unterschiedlicher Laminierschichten am Scheibenrand sowie im Bereich zwischen den Funktionselementen und im Bereich der Funktionselemente, wobei am Scheibenrand und im Bereich zwischen den bestabstandet angeordneten Funktionselementen eine Temperierung auf zumindest eine zweite Laminiertemperatur vorgesehen ist,
• 6 eine Schnittdarstellung einer Anordnung von Glaselementen mit einem unteren Glaselement als Grundglaselement und einem oberen Glaselement als Deckglaselement, mit zwischen den Glaselementen angeordneter unterer und oberer Laminierschicht und mit zwischen den Laminierschichten zueinander und zum Scheibenrand bestabstandet angeordneten Funktionselementen unter Einsatz unterschiedlicher Laminierschichten am Scheibenrand und im Bereich der und zwischen den Funktionselementen, wobei im Bereich der Funktionselemente und zwischen den bestabstandet angeordneten Funktionselementen eine Temperierung auf zumindest eine erste Laminiertemperatur vorgesehen ist,
• 7 eine Draufsicht auf eine Anordnung von Glaselementen in geteilter Ansicht, für ein Laminierverfahren mit einer Laminierofentemperatur im Bereich der ersten Laminiertemperatur, wobei neben unterschiedlich temperierten und zusätzlich auf die zweite Laminiertemperatur beheizten Bereichen auch eine zusätzliche Kühlung im Übergangsbereich und Grenzbereich zwischen erster und zweiter Laminiertemperatur dargestellt ist und
• 8 eine Draufsicht auf eine Anordnung von Glaselementen in geteilter Ansicht, für ein Laminierverfahren mit einer Laminierofentemperatur im Bereich der zweiten Laminiertemperatur, wobei neben unterschiedlich den auf die erste Laminiertemperatur gekühlten Bereichen auch eine zusätzliche Heizung am Scheibenrand sowie im Übergangsbereich und Grenzbereich zwischen erster und zweiter Laminiertemperatur dargestellt ist.

Several exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below. Show it:

• 1 1 shows a sectional illustration of an arrangement of glass elements with a lower glass element as the base glass element and an upper glass element as the cover glass element, with the lower and upper lamination layers arranged between the glass elements and with the functional element arranged between the lamination layers, spaced apart from the pane edge, prepared for a lamination process,
• 2 a sectional view of an arrangement of glass elements with a lower glass element as a basic glass element and an upper glass element as a cover glass element, with the lower and upper lamination layer arranged between the glass elements using different lamination layers on the edge of the pane and in the area of the functional element and with the functional element arranged between the lamination layers spaced apart from the edge of the pane tempering elements arranged on the glass elements as flat glass panes at the transition area or border area for cooling as cooling elements and tempering elements arranged at the edge of the pane for heating,
• 3 a sectional view of an arrangement of glass elements with a lower glass element as a basic glass element and an upper glass element as a cover glass element, with the lower and upper lamination layer arranged between the glass elements using different lamination layers on the edge of the pane and in the area of the functional element and with the functional element arranged between the lamination layers spaced apart from the edge of the pane an additional lamination layer between the lower and upper lamination layer at the edge of the pane and with tempering elements arranged on the glass elements as flat glass panes in the area of the functional element for cooling as a cooling element and as a split representation with tempering elements additionally arranged on the pane edge for heating the pane edge and a pane edge without additional temperature elements .
• 4 1 shows a sectional illustration of an arrangement of glass elements with a lower glass element as the base glass element and an upper glass element as the cover glass element, with the lower and upper lamination layers arranged between the glass elements using different lamination layers on the edge of the pane and in the region of the functional element and with functional elements arranged between the lamination layers spaced apart from the pane edge, with an intermediate lamination layer arranged between the functional elements and with an additional lamination layer between the lower and upper lamination layers at the edge of the pane,
• 5 a sectional view of an arrangement of glass elements with a lower glass element as a base glass element and an upper glass element as a cover glass element, with the lower and upper lamination layer arranged between the glass elements and with functional elements arranged between the lamination layers to one another and to the edge of the pane using different lamination layers on the edge of the pane and in the area between the functional elements and in the area of the functional elements, with the best spacing on the edge of the pane and in the area between the arranged functional elements a temperature control to at least a second lamination temperature is provided,
• 6 a sectional view of an arrangement of glass elements with a lower glass element as a basic glass element and an upper glass element as a cover glass element, with the lower and upper lamination layer arranged between the glass elements and with functional elements arranged between the lamination layers to one another and to the edge of the pane using different lamination layers on the edge of the pane and in the area of the and between the functional elements, temperature control to at least a first lamination temperature being provided in the region of the functional elements and between the best-spaced functional elements,
• 7 a plan view of an arrangement of glass elements in a split view, for a laminating process with a laminating furnace temperature in the range of the first laminating temperature, whereby in addition to areas with different temperatures and additionally heated to the second laminating temperature, additional cooling in the transition area and the border area between the first and second laminating temperatures is shown and
• 8th a plan view of an arrangement of glass elements in a split view, for a laminating process with a laminating furnace temperature in the range of the second laminating temperature, whereby in addition to the areas cooled to the first laminating temperature, an additional heating at the edge of the pane and in the transition area and border area between the first and second laminating temperatures is shown is.

For an arrangement of glass elements according to the invention 12 for functional laminated glasses is on a glass element 1 as a basic glass element 1 at least one lower lamination layer 2 placed on which at least one functional element 3 spaced from the edge of the pane 7 is arranged. At least one functional element 3 is at least an upper lamination layer 4 put on and then a glass element 5 as cover glass element 5 hung up. A corresponding arrangement is in 1 shown. The arrangement is thus initially prepared for a lamination process.

The procedure for arranging glass elements is similar 12 for functional laminated glasses before that on a basic glass element 1 at least one lower lamination layer 2 applied that to the lower lamination layer 2 at least one functional element 3 spaced from the edge of the pane 7 arranged that on the functional element 3 at least one top lamination layer 4 applied and then a cover slip 5 is launched.

Depending on the type and thermal characteristics or parameters of the laminating layer 2 . 4 or the thermal parameters of the functional element 3 , is either in the range 13 of the at least one functional element 3 or in the area 14 between two or more functional elements 3 an upper and lower lamination layer 2 . 4 arranged, which has a preferred lamination temperature in the range of at least a first lamination temperature. The first lamination temperature is one for the functional elements 3 favorable temperature range. The lamination layer 2 . 4 with a lamination temperature in the range 15 a first lamination temperature, as in the 1 to 8th shown, on the one hand in the area 13 of the functional elements 3 or on the other hand also in the area 14 between functional elements 3 Arrange. Also a uniform flat arrangement of the laminating layer 2 . 4 about the areas 13 of the functional elements 3 and in the area 14 between functional elements 3 is possible, as is particularly the case in 6 to 8th is shown.

Accordingly, on the edge of the pane 7 and / or in another area 11 apart from the at least one functional element 3 the at least one upper and lower lamination layer 2 . 4 with a preferred lamination temperature in the range 16 Arrange at least a second lamination temperature. This is in the 1 to 8th shown.

Also in the area 14 between functional elements 3 can have at least one upper and lower lamination layer as required 2 . 4 with a preferred lamination temperature in the range 16 be arranged at least a second lamination temperature, as in particular in the 5 . 7 and 8th is shown.

The corresponding laminating layers 2 . 4 with different areas 15 . 16 For different lamination temperatures, individual sections can be arranged next to one another and, if required, also arranged one above the other.

The lamination layers can be 2 . 4 however also as combined or coherent laminating layers 2 . 4 with different areas 15 . 16 use for different lamination temperatures.

In a simple case there are laminating layers 2 . 4 used, especially at the edge of the pane 7 to be heated to the second lamination temperature while in the area 13 of the functional elements 3 is only heated to a first lamination temperature, without a special lamination layer 2 . 4 with dedicated areas 15 . 16 for the first lamination temperature and second lamination temperature. Using a suitable lamination layer 2 . 4 the first lamination temperature and the second lamination temperature can be reliably implemented and applied.

Depending on the height or number of functional elements arranged one above the other or overlapping 3 it is for a full-surface and stress-free embedding of the functional elements 3 required that at least on the edge of the pane 7 or in another area 11 apart from the at least one functional element 3 between the at least one lower lamination layer 2 and the at least one top lamination layer 4 at least one additional lamination layer 9 with a preferred lamination temperature in the range 15 . 16 the respective at least one first or second lamination temperature of the respective lamination layer 2 . 4 and the respective area 11 . 13 . 14 . 15 . 16 is arranged. In the orders according to the 3 and 4 are corresponding additional lamination layers 9 on the edge of the pane 7 available.

The laminating layers 2 . 4 However, the thickness can also be designed so that these the functional elements 3 when laminating, especially at the edge of the pane 7 as well as completely free of bubbles in the surface, as in the 5 and 6 is shown.

With two or more functional elements 3 are the functional elements 3 by means of an intermediate lamination layer 8th spaced from each other as in 4 is shown. The functional elements 3 can also be arranged overlapping, with the functional elements 3 of intermediate lamination layers 8th are separated.

An arrangement of the functional elements 3 on impact is also provided.

The method according to the invention for producing functional composite glasses from an arrangement of glass elements 12 provides that on a lower glass element 1 as a basic glass element 1 at least one lower lamination layer 2 is placed and on the lower lamination layer 2 at least one functional element 3 spaced from the edge of the pane 7 is arranged. At least one functional element 3 becomes at least an upper lamination layer 4 applied and then an upper glass element 5 as cover glass element 5 is launched. Then vacuum laminating the arrangement of the glass elements 12 , whereby an inhomogeneous temperature field is generated during vacuum lamination. The arrangement of the glass elements 12 is at least in the area of the at least one functional element 3 . 13 tempered to at least a first lamination temperature. Furthermore, the arrangement of the glass elements 12 at least on the edge of the pane 7 or in the area 11 apart from the at least one functional element 3 tempered to at least a second lamination temperature. The first lamination temperature is lower than the second lamination temperature.

The tempering can be carried out in different ways.

In one embodiment of the method, the entire arrangement of the glass elements is shown 12 tempered to at least a first lamination temperature. This tempering can be carried out in the manner customary for the vacuum capsule lamination process and the membrane lamination process. After reaching this at least a first lamination temperature, the arrangement of the glass elements 12 at least on the edge of the pane 7 or in the area 11 each apart from the at least one functional element 3 tempered to the at least one second lamination temperature. The respective tempering to the at least one second lamination temperature takes place as in 2 shown, for example with temperature control elements 18 on the edge of the pane 7 or in the area 11 each apart from the at least one functional element 3 , The temperature control elements 18 can a heater 18 as a contact heater and / or a convection heater. This results in targeted local heating of the areas 11 to the second lamination temperature.

Furthermore takes place in the transition area 6 or limit range 6 the first lamination temperature and the second lamination temperature in the range 13 of the at least one functional element 3 temperature control as cooling by means of a temperature control element 17 as cooling elements 10 to the influence of the second lamination temperature on the functional elements 3 to reduce or compensate.

In a further embodiment of the method, the arrangement of the glass elements is tempered 12 to the at least one second lamination temperature, at least the range 13 of the at least one functional element 3 is tempered at least to the at least one first lamination temperature.

The area 13 of the functional elements 3 becomes active by means of temperature control elements 17 as cooling elements 10 tempered to the first lamination temperature as in 3 is shown. This cooling is designed as contact cooling.

Another way of tempering than cooling is that of the area 13 of the functional elements 3 is passively covered or provided with a heat-insulating or cooling cover or layer, so as to cover the area of the functional elements 3 to temper to the first lamination temperature.

The respective temperature control as cooling is preferably carried out at or below one for the at least one functional element 3 favorable temperature or at least at least a first lamination temperature.

In addition to tempering the arrangement of the glass elements 12 the edges of the pane can be set to at least a second lamination temperature 7 additionally by means of temperature control elements 18 as a heater to the second lamination temperature or, if necessary, to a higher lamination temperature.

The 7 and 8th each show four different versions of the process for producing functional laminated glass.

In 7 the arrangement of the glass elements 12 tempered to at least a first lamination temperature.

In the version on the top left only the edge of the pane 7 as an area 16 by means of temperature control elements 18 heated to a second lamination temperature as a heater. Additional cooling in the transition area 6 or limit range 6 to the area 13 . 15 the first lamination temperature or the functional elements 3 does not happen. There is also no temperature control in the area 14 between the functional elements 3 , This area 14 . 15 is also tempered with the first lamination temperature.

In the version at the bottom left, the pane edge 7 as an area 16 as well as the area 11 away from the functional elements 3 by means of temperature control elements 18 heated to a second lamination temperature as a heater. Additional cooling in the transition area 6 or limit range 6 to the area 13 . 15 the first lamination temperature or the functional elements 3 does not happen.

In the top right version only the edge of the pane is used 7 as an area 16 by means of the temperature control elements 18 heated to a second lamination temperature as a heater. In addition, however, additional cooling takes place by means of temperature control elements 17 in the transition area 6 or limit range 6 to the area 13 . 15 the first lamination temperature or the functional elements 3 , A tempering in the area 14 between the functional elements 3 does not happen.

In the version at the bottom right, the pane edge 7 as an area 16 as well as the area 11 away from the functional elements 3 by means of temperature control elements 18 heated to a second lamination temperature as a heater. Additional cooling is carried out by means of temperature control elements 17 as cooling elements 10 or cooling coils 10 in the transition area 6 or limit range 6 to the area 13 . 15 the first lamination temperature or the functional elements 3 both towards the edge of the pane 7 to the area as well 11 away from the functional elements 3 , The areas 11 . 16 are tempered with the second lamination temperature.

In 8th the arrangement of the glass elements 12 tempered to at least a second lamination temperature.

When running at the top left, the area 13 of the functional elements 3 as well as the area 14 between the functional elements 3 each as an area 15 by means of temperature control elements 17 tempered as cooling to the first lamination temperature. An additional temperature control in the transition area 6 or limit range 6 between the areas 13 . 15 . 16 the first lamination temperature, the functional elements 3 as well as to the edge of the pane 7 and the second lamination temperature does not take place.

In the lower left version, only the area 13 of the functional elements 3 as an area 15 by means of temperature control elements 17 tempered as cooling to the first lamination temperature. The area 11 . 16 away from the functional elements 3 remains tempered to the second lamination temperature. An additional temperature control in the transition area 6 or limit range 6 between the areas 13 . 15 . 16 the first lamination temperature, the functional elements 3 as well as to the edge of the pane 7 and the second lamination temperature does not take place.

When running at the top right, the area 13 of the functional elements 3 as well as the area 14 between the functional elements 3 each as an area 15 by means of temperature control elements 17 tempered as cooling to the first lamination temperature. Furthermore, additional temperature control takes place as heating by means of a temperature control element 18 on the edge of the pane 7 as an area 16 for the second lamination temperature.

In the version at the bottom right, only the area 13 of the functional elements 3 as an area 15 by means of temperature control elements 17 tempered as cooling to the first lamination temperature. The area 11 . 16 away from the functional elements 3 remains tempered to the second lamination temperature. In addition, there is additional temperature control as heating by means of a temperature control element 18 on the edge of the pane 7 or in the area 11 away from the functional elements 3 as an area 16 for the second lamination temperature.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 -

Basic glass element, glass element

2 -

lower lamination layer

3 -

functional element

4 -

upper lamination layer

5 -

Cover glass element, glass element

6 -

Transitional area, border area

7 -

disc edge

8th -

Zwischenlaminierschicht

9 -

additional lamination layer

10 -

Cooling element, cooling hose

11 -

Area away from the functional element

12 -

Arrangement of glass elements

13 -

Area of the functional element

14 -

Area between functional elements

15 -

First lamination temperature range

16 -

Second lamination temperature range

17 -

Temperature control element, cooling

18 -

Temperature control element, heating

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 10200801889584 A1 [0002]
• DE 102013210441 A1 [0003]
• CN 104310769 A [0004]
• DE 19942364 [0005]

Claims (15)

Method for producing functional laminated glasses from an arrangement of glass elements (12), at least one lower laminating layer (2) being placed on a lower glass element (1) as the basic glass element (1), that at least one functional element (3.) On the lower laminating layer (2) ) is arranged at a distance from the edge of the pane (7), that at least one upper laminating layer (4) is placed on the at least one functional element (3) and then an upper glass element (5) is placed as a cover glass element (5) and that vacuum laminating of the arrangement of the Glass elements (12), characterized in that an inhomogeneous temperature field is generated during vacuum lamination, the arrangement of the glass elements (12) being tempered to at least a first lamination temperature at least in the region of the at least one functional element (3, 13) and that the arrangement the glass elements (12) at least on the edge of the pane (7) or in the area (11) away from the at least one functional element (3) is tempered to at least a second lamination temperature, the first lamination temperature being lower than the second lamination temperature. Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the entire arrangement of the glass elements (12) is tempered to the at least one first lamination temperature and, after reaching this at least one first lamination temperature, the arrangement of the glass elements (12) at least on the edge of the pane (7) or in the region (11) in each case apart the at least one functional element (3) is tempered to the at least one second lamination temperature. Procedure according to one of the Claims 1 and 2 , characterized in that the arrangement of the glass elements (12) is tempered to the at least one second lamination temperature, at least the region (13) of the at least one functional element (3) being tempered to at least the at least one first lamination temperature. Procedure according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that in the transition area (6) or border area (6) of the at least one functional element (3) to the respective laminating layers (2, 4) away from the functional element (3) or in the transition area (6) or border area (6) of the first Laminating temperature and the second lamination temperature or in the area (13) of the at least one functional element (3) a temperature control as cooling. Procedure according to one of the Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the temperature control takes place as cooling as contact cooling. Procedure according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the temperature control takes place as cooling by means of temperature control elements (17) applied to the surfaces of the base glass element (1) and / or the cover glass element (5) as cooling elements (10). Procedure according to one of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the base glass element (1) and / or the cover glass element (5) in the area (13) of the at least one functional element (3) is covered or provided with a heat-insulating or cooling cover or layer. Procedure according to one of the Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that the cooling takes place at or below a temperature which is favorable for the at least one functional element (3) or to at least the at least one first lamination temperature. Procedure according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that the temperature control takes place as heating to the at least one first lamination temperature and / or to the at least one second lamination temperature by means of a contact heater and / or a convection heater. Procedure according to one of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that at least at the edge of the pane (7) or in the region (11) apart from the at least one functional element (3), the temperature is additionally increased to the at least one second lamination temperature. Arrangement of glass elements (12) for functional laminated glasses, at least one lower lamination layer (2) being placed on a glass element (1) as the base glass element (1), at least one functional element (3) spaced apart from the pane edge (7) on the lower lamination layer (2) ) is arranged that at least one upper lamination layer (4) is placed on the at least one functional element (3) and then a glass element (5) is placed as a cover glass element (5). Arrangement after Claim 11 , characterized in that in the region (13) of the at least one functional element (3) or in the region (14) between two or more functional elements (3) the at least one upper and lower lamination layer (2, 4) with a preferred lamination temperature in the region of a at least the first lamination temperature is arranged. Arrangement according to one of the Claims 11 and 12 , characterized in that on the edge of the pane (7) and / or in another area (11) apart from the at least one functional element (3) or in the area (14) between two and more functional elements (3) the at least one upper and lower lamination layer (2, 4) is arranged with a preferred lamination temperature in the region of the at least one second lamination temperature. Arrangement according to one of the Claims 11 to 13 characterized in that at least at the edge of the pane (7) or in another area (11) apart from the at least one functional element (3) between the at least one lower lamination layer (2) and the at least one upper lamination layer (4) at least one additional lamination layer ( 9) with a preferred lamination temperature in the region (15, 16) of which at least one first or second lamination temperature is arranged. Arrangement according to one of the Claims 11 to 14 , characterized in that in the case of two or more functional elements (3) they are spaced apart from one another, arranged abutting or overlapping and / or in that the overlapping functional elements (3) are spaced at least in the overlapping area with an intermediate lamination layer (8).

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