DE102019001683B4 - Vehicle and method for loading it with a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for loading a vehicle with a motor vehicle (2) which has at least one wheel (6), wherein - the motor vehicle (2) is rolled over at least one ramp (7; 13) into a rear receptacle (1) of the vehicle, - the Motor vehicle (2) is raised in the rear receptacle (1), and the at least one ramp (7; 13) is placed under the at least one wheel (6) of the motor vehicle (2), characterized in that the motor vehicle (2 ) is placed on the at least one ramp (7; 13) after the at least one ramp has been placed under the at least one wheel (6).

Description

The invention relates to a method for loading a vehicle with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

The invention is also directed to a vehicle having the features of the preamble of claim 7.

The vehicles can be, for example, a motor vehicle such as a truck or a mobile home. However, the vehicles can also be trailers that are pulled by a motor vehicle. The invention is particularly directed to mobile homes. For reasons of clarity, the invention is described using mobile homes. However, the invention is not restricted to this.

From the DE 20 2006 010 095 U1 a vehicle with a rear receptacle is known in which a motor vehicle can be received. For this purpose, the vehicle has a ramp that can be lowered to street level.

From the DE 201 22 676 U1 a vehicle is known which is designed for the transport of motor vehicles. The vehicle has pivotable ramps through which the motor vehicles can be raised and lowered in the rear receptacle of the vehicle.

From the GB 2,491,112 A a vehicle is known which is used to accommodate a small electric vehicle, such as is used by elderly people with limited mobility for locomotion. The ramp is lowered to load the vehicle.

Mobile homes are well known from the prior art. They offer excellent comfort. You can travel with them and stay overnight in them.

Mobile homes can have a rear receptacle for receiving a motor vehicle. Such rear mountings are also called rear garages. Mobile homes with a rear garage for accommodating motor vehicles ensure greater flexibility compared to conventional mobile homes. The motor vehicles accommodated in the rear have the advantage that exploration tours can be undertaken with the motor vehicle at a desired location without the comparatively large motorhome having to be moved for this purpose. With a motor vehicle you are therefore much more flexible.

The motor vehicles are, for example, a car. But it can also be a motorcycle that can have two, three or four wheels. Three-wheeled trikes and four-wheeled quads are known in the art.

The at least one ramp is required to bridge the level difference between the street and the rear garage. The respective ramp advantageously has a continuous or substantially continuous floor. In particular, the floor should be such that a motor vehicle can roll on the floor of the respective ramp.

The at least one guide is arranged in a stationary manner in the rear garage and is used to guide the motor vehicle sideways.

If a car is to be picked up in the rear garage, two ramps are required. The same goes for a quad. Three ramps are required on a trike. A motorcycle only needs a ramp.

Mobile homes are known from the prior art in which two ramps are carried along in a compartment below the rear garage. For this purpose, the known mobile home has slots in the bumper area through which the respective ramp is inserted into the compartment. If - as is also known - the ramp consists of several pieces, the smaller ramp pieces are stored loosely in the rear garage.

To load or unload the motor vehicle, the ramps are pulled out of the compartments and hung in the rear garage. In addition, smaller ramps can be created to flatten the slope angle. This approach has several disadvantages. On the one hand, the ramps are made of metal and are therefore very heavy. Handling can lead to damage to health, for example back injuries or bruises to the hand. On the other hand, the paint in the rear of the motorhome can be damaged when it is removed.

It is also known to keep one-piece ramps under the motor vehicle during transport. This type of storage requires a corresponding amount of space.

Proceeding from the known prior art, the invention is based on the object of increasing the comfort and safety when loading a vehicle with a motor vehicle.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.

The invention combines a number of advantages. The fact that the at least one ramp can be stowed under the at least one wheel results in considerable space advantages that can be used for other purposes. The handling of the at least one ramp is also simple. In particular, it no longer has to be pulled out of a compartment below the rear mount.

It is considered advantageous if the at least one ramp is supported in the rear receptacle of the vehicle while it is being moved under the at least one wheel. In such an advantageous embodiment, only one end of the ramp has to be raised. If the lifting is done manually, as is considered advantageous, this means a considerable saving in energy and time compared to conventional solutions.

According to the invention, the motor vehicle is set down on the at least one ramp after the at least one ramp has been placed under the at least one wheel. This fixes the at least one ramp. The safety when transporting the motor vehicle is also increased in that the motor vehicle is seated on the at least one ramp.

The at least one ramp is advantageously moved into the vehicle, in particular pushed or pulled, after the motor vehicle has been raised in the rear receptacle. The at least one ramp is preferably guided in the rear receptacle. The guidance of the at least one ramp has the significant advantage that it is correctly aligned under the at least one wheel. When it is lowered, the motor vehicle advantageously comes to rest on the at least one ramp with its at least one wheel. If the motor vehicle is a car, two ramps are used. Then each ramp is preferably guided and is advantageously placed under at least one wheel on each side of the car - for example the respective rear wheel and / or the respective front wheel.

An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that at least one guide is arranged in the rear receptacle and that, after the motor vehicle has been raised in the rear receptacle, the at least one ramp is moved, in particular pushed or pulled, and preferably over the at least one guide is lowered over the guide. The at least one guide is used to guide the motor vehicle sideways so that the motor vehicle can safely get into the rear receptacle and be held there during transport. The motor vehicle is preferably supported on or on the guide. For example, a guide can have two rails between which the at least one wheel of the motor vehicle is guided. Moving the at least one ramp over the guide enables maximum space savings. At the same time, the guide can serve as a guide for the at least one ramp, which also increases comfort.

In the simplest case, the motor vehicle can be raised manually. It is considered to be particularly advantageous if the motor vehicle is lifted pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically. This measure also increases comfort.

If the motor vehicle is raised with a remote control, which is also considered advantageous, safety is increased in addition to ease of use, since the operator can stand next to the motor vehicle - and thus also next to a danger zone. The motor vehicle is preferably pulled into the rear receptacle by means of a rope. If the rope breaks, there is no risk to the operator.

The motor vehicle is expediently received in the rear receptacle via a rear opening. For this purpose, the rear receptacle preferably has an access opening for the motor vehicle. So that the at least one ramp can be placed under the at least one wheel, it is expediently proposed that at least the end of the motor vehicle facing the access opening is raised. If the motor vehicle is a car that is moved forward into the rear receptacle, at least the rear of the car will be raised. The car is preferably raised via the wheel suspension or the rear axle, as is generally considered to be advantageous.

In terms of device technology, the object is achieved by a generic vehicle with the features of claim 7.

The picked up motor vehicle is raised via the lifting device according to the invention. If only one lifting device is provided, the lifting device will be placed under the rear axle of the motor vehicle in its parking position. In the parking position, the motor vehicle is transported in the vehicle. If two lifting devices are used, they can also be placed under the rear axle. Alternatively and preferably, the two lifting devices are arranged under the respective wheel suspensions of the motor vehicle in its parking position. As already stated above, it is basically possible to operate the lifting device manually. However, it is preferably an electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic lifting device.

The guidance of the ramp ensures that the ramp is correctly placed with respect to the guidance. This is advantageous in that the motor vehicle comes to rest correctly on the at least one ramp when it is lowered. In addition, however, a guide also increases the user-friendliness and operational safety. The guide is advantageously designed in such a way that only one end of the ramp is guided when the ramp is actuated. The ramp is preferably moved manually via the other - free - end of the ramp, that is to say in particular raised and lowered and pushed into the rear receptacle.

In a further development of the invention, it is proposed that the at least one ramp is movably mounted on the at least one guide. In particular, the at least one ramp can be mounted on the at least one guide so as to be longitudinally displaceable. The storage preferably exists at least when the ramp is moved. It can be solved when the ramp rests on the guide. The at least one guide is arranged in a stationary manner in the rear receptacle. The associated ramp is advantageously supported on the respective guide. This measure ensures a simple alignment of the at least one ramp to the respective guide.

The stationary guide can be designed in many ways. It is considered advantageous if it has at least one guide rail. For example, an arrangement for a motor vehicle with 4 wheels is conceivable in which a right-hand guide has a right-hand rail and a left-hand guide has a left-hand rail. The vehicle is guided between the right-hand and left-hand rails. The respective guide can also have two guide rails. The respective front and rear wheels of the motor vehicle are then guided between these rails. For a car, an arrangement is considered advantageous which has two guides with two guide rails each.

The at least one ramp preferably has at least one roller with which it can roll on and / or on the at least one guide rail, in particular is guided.

If the ramp is guided with at least one roller on the at least one guide rail, the roller can roll on the guide rail. This makes it easier to slide the ramp into the rear receptacle. For example, a ramp can have at least two rollers that roll on a first and a second guide rail of the at least one guide. Additionally or alternatively, at least one lateral roller can also be provided. This then serves to guide the ramp on the side of the guide. For example, the at least one guide has two guide rails and the ramp has at least two lateral rollers with which the ramp is laterally supported on the respective guide rail. One role then rolls on the outside of one guide rail and the other roll rolls on the outside of the other guide rail.

According to the invention it is provided that the at least one ramp at least partially overlaps the at least one guide. This forms a compact construction and requires only a small amount of space, so that this space in the rear receptacle can be used for other purposes.

It is also considered to be advantageous if the at least one ramp can be moved completely into the rear receptacle of the vehicle into an end position and is arranged above the at least one guide in the end position. Such a construction is also advantageous from the point of view of space. The ramp can completely overlap the guide. For example, the ramp can have at least one ramp rail with which the ramp engages over a guide rail. The guide then forms a support for the ramp, as is generally considered to be preferred. In an advantageous embodiment, the ramp has two ramp rails, each ramp rail engaging over a guide rail of the guide. The bottom of the ramp then preferably also lies above the guide in the end position.

It has already been indicated above that it is advantageous if the ramp is guided on and / or on the guide, in particular the guide rail. In order to enable the ramp to be pushed into the rear receptacle in a particularly convenient manner, the ramp has at least one roller in each case, which reduces the frictional resistance when the ramp (s) are pushed in. The stationary guides are expediently arranged on a slight slope in the rear receptacle. The motor vehicle is advantageously drawn into the rear receptacle against the resistance resulting from the gradient. A pull rope, for example, is used for this purpose. The angle of inclination can be dimensioned in such a way that it is not possible to continue the guide (s) from the rear receptacle through the ramps on the same incline. In other words, it may be necessary for the ramps to have a different slope angle than the stationary guides. In this context, it is considered to be particularly advantageous if the at least one ramp is pivotably attached to a guide carriage which is slidably mounted on the at least one guide. Preferably the ramp and the guide carriage connected to one another via a joint.

The ramp is stored on the associated guide via the guide carriage. For example, the guide has two guide rails, on each of which lateral guide tracks are arranged. The carriage can be guided with rollers in these guideways. Such a storage allows a stable and low-friction relative movement between the ramp and the guide.

The pivotable attachment creates the significant advantage that the ramp can be lowered regardless of the angle of incline of the guide. For this purpose, to unload the motor vehicle, the motor vehicle is raised, the ramp is extended and then lowered. The motor vehicle can be let out of the rear receptacle via the guide and the lowered ramp. After the motor vehicle has been unloaded, the ramp is raised, pushed into the rear receptacle, with its guide carriage being mounted on or on the guide, and lowered again, preferably being placed on the guide.

When the motor vehicle is picked up, the ramp must take up considerable loads. This applies not only when the motor vehicle is taken up in the rear receptacle, but also while the vehicle is moving with the motor vehicle taken up (in its parking position). During the journey, the vehicle is preferably lowered onto the ramps. Two cases are conceivable here. Either the floor of the ramp can rest on a floor of the guide. Then the floor of the ramp is supported on the floor of the guide and directly dissipates the weight of the motor vehicle. The base of the guide can also be a base of the rear receptacle, which is arranged, for example, between two guide rails. Alternatively, the ramp has the same or a similar width (and cross-section) as the guide. Then the ramp floor cannot rest on the guide floor when the ramp is received in the rear receptacle. Against this background, it is advantageous if the at least one ramp has a support device on its underside with which the at least one ramp is supported in the pushed-in state on the at least one guide or on a floor of the rear receptacle. The support device ensures that the weight of the motor vehicle picked up is diverted without the floor of the at least one ramp sagging.

The support device is preferably arranged only in the rear region of the at least one ramp. This applies in particular when the length of the at least one ramp is dimensioned such that the front wheels of the vehicle picked up do not rest on the ramp, but on the guide or a floor of the rear receptacle.

In an essential development of the invention, it is proposed that the vehicle have a transition part. The transition part is preferably firmly connected to the at least one ramp, for example screwed or welded to the ramp. The transition part is expediently angled with respect to the ramp. It can thus advantageously create a transition from the ramp to the guide when the extended or extended ramp and the guide have a different angle of inclination.

The transition part preferably has at least one roller at its free end. In particular, the transition part can also have two roles. The ramp can be pushed into the rear receptacle via the rollers and for this purpose is preferably supported on the associated guide.

The ramp is preferably connected to the vehicle for loading or unloading the motor vehicle. For this purpose, the vehicle preferably has a connecting device that can be designed, for example, as a recess in the rear receptacle. The transition part is hooked into the connecting device, for example. For this purpose, the transition part preferably has a bead at its free end. The bead can be formed by a tube which is preferably welded to the transition part. At least one axle for the rollers of the transition part is received in the tube. It is also conceivable if the axle for the rollers is welded directly to the transition part.

The at least one ramp advantageously has two arms, with which the at least one ramp is supported on the at least one guide. The outriggers allow the ramp to be pushed safely and comfortably into and out of the rear receptacle. This applies in particular when the booms each have a roller at their end, with which the booms are supported above and / or laterally on or on the at least one guide. If the guide has at least one, preferably two, guide rails, the ramp has a corresponding number of arms. In an advantageous embodiment, the guide has two guide rails and the ramp has two arms. Each boom is supported on and / or on a guide rail.

The at least one boom advantageously extends in the lateral direction and / or in the longitudinal direction from the respective ramp. If the If the boom extends laterally, ramps that are less wide or wider than the guide can be used. The boom then rest on the side of the respective guide.

The at least one boom advantageously extends in the direction of extent of the at least one ramp in the longitudinal direction. The ramp can then be pushed into the rear receptacle in the raised state via the at least one boom and the at least one roller of the transition part. The at least one arm is supported at least initially on the guide. If the guide has two guide rails, two arms are preferably provided, one of which can be supported on a guide rail.

The at least one arm preferably extends beyond the transition part. Such a construction creates the considerable advantage that, when the ramp is lowered, the transition part is in engagement with the rear receptacle. By lifting the free end of the ramp, the at least one arm comes to rest on the guide and the transition part disengages from the rear receptacle. With a lifting movement, the at least one ramp can on the one hand be released and on the other hand at least initially pushed in. In addition, the at least one boom allows the use of ramps with the same width as the at least one guide. This is particularly important when ramps already exist whose ramp rails are at the same distance as the guide rails.

In principle, it is possible to push the ramps with the cantilever rollers over their entire length into the rear receptacle. However, it must be taken into account here that there are usually limited height conditions in the rear mount. This means that the motor vehicle picked up can only be raised to a certain height. So if the ramp is to be pushed under the picked-up motor vehicle, the space available may be limited. Against this background, the transition part preferably has at least one role. In particular, two rollers can be arranged on the transition part. The at least one roller, preferably two rollers, allows the ramp to be pushed into the rear receptacle via this roller (s). For this purpose, the at least one roller, preferably two rollers, rolls on the stationary guide. In particular, it can be provided that the guide has two guide rails which delimit a floor between them on which the at least one roller rolls. If a roller is provided on each of the booms, as is considered advantageous, the ramp is initially supported with these rollers on the guide, in particular on the two guide rails of the guide, when the ramp is raised. Here, the transition part comes out of the recess. After the ramp has been pushed into the rear receptacle over a certain distance, the roles of the transition part take over the leadership. The cantilever rollers then expediently no longer rest on the guide. In such an exemplary embodiment, the cantilever rollers serve to lift the ramp out and initially guide it when the ramp is pushed in, and the rollers of the transition part serve to subsequently guide it into the rear receptacle. After releasing the ramp from the recess, the operator can slightly reduce the angle of attack, i.e. lower the ramp a little. The ramp can then be pushed under the respective wheel of the motor vehicle that is picked up, even in very tight spaces.

As already mentioned above, the guide in the rear receptacle can have a certain slope, that is to say an incline with respect to the horizontal. A fixing device is expediently provided by means of which the at least one ramp can be fixed on the at least one guide. As a result, the ramp is advantageously fixed on the guide and can no longer slip during transport. This advantage also arises with non-incline guides. The fixing device is advantageously designed as a bolt. The bolt is preferably either inserted through the at least one ramp into the at least one guide or forms an end stop. A variant is also advantageous in which the bolt connects the at least one ramp to the at least one guide. As mentioned, this can be done by pushing it through the ramp or, for example, by fastening the bolt to the side of the ramp, the bolt being movable into a receptacle arranged on the guide. The bolt is easy to remove and put in place. At the same time, it offers a high level of operational reliability.

Generic ramps are often made of metal and are accordingly heavy. This means that, on the one hand, it is difficult to handle and, on the other hand, the handling person is burdened. There is a risk that the person will harm his / her health (e.g. back damage). An advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the at least one ramp has a free end, on each of which a suspension device for suspending a hook is arranged. The hook allows easy and back-friendly handling of the ramp. To lift one end of the ramp, the hook is hung in the suspension device. This allows the ramp to be raised (and lowered). The suspension device can be designed, for example, as an eyelet which is arranged on the ramp.

When pulling out the ramps, there is a risk that the ramps will fall out of the rear mount. To counteract this, it is proposed that the at least one ramp has a stop which interacts with a stop of the at least one guide and limits the at least one ramp from being pulled out of the rear receptacle. The stop of the ramp can be designed as a catch hook. If the ramp has cantilevers, the stop is advantageously arranged on at least one cantilever. The guide stop can be arranged on the guide rails.

It has already been mentioned above that guiding the ramp is advantageous. The guidance is preferably carried out by rollers. In the case of outriggers, the rollers will be attached to their front end. By virtue of these roles, the ramp is preferably only initially guided. At a later point in time, at which the ramp has already been pushed a certain distance into the rear receptacle, the roles of the transition part preferably take over the support and guidance of the ramp. The ramp can then be pushed completely into the rear receptacle via the transition part rollers. Additionally or alternatively, it is advantageous if the at least one ramp has at least one guide roller that supports the at least one ramp laterally on the at least one guide, the at least one guide roller preferably being attached to a floor of the ramp that extends between two ramp rails . The ramp is guided on the side of the guide by the guide rollers. The guidance is particularly beneficial for longer ramps.

The lifting device is of particular importance in the context of the invention. It lifts the motor vehicle so that the ramps can be moved under the wheels of the motor vehicle. Two guides are preferably arranged in the rear receptacle, between which the at least one lifting device is arranged. If there is only one lifting device, it will be placed in the middle between the two guides. The lifting device will be arranged in the rear receptacle in such a way that a motor vehicle arranged in the rear receptacle is arranged in its parking position with its rear end above the at least one lifting device. This ensures that the rear end of the motor vehicle is parked in a defined position above the lifting device.

• 1 den Ausschnitt eines gattungsgemäßen Fahrzeugs nach dem Stand der Technik;
• 2 in einer schematischen Darstellung ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugs, wobei das Fahrzeug lediglich ausschnittsweise dargestellt ist;
• 3 in einer schematischen seitlichen Schnittdarstellung ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei das Fahrzeug lediglich ausschnittsweise mit einer ausgefahrenen Rampe dargestellt ist;
• 4 in einer schematischen seitlichen Schnittdarstellung das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei das Fahrzeug lediglich ausschnittsweise mit einer eingefahrenen Rampe dargestellt ist;
• 5 in einer schematischen Darstellung das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel von hinten, wobei das Fahrzeug lediglich ausschnittsweise dargestellt ist;
• 6 in einer schematischen seitlichen Schnittdarstellung ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel mit abgesenkter Rampe;
• 7 in einer schematischen seitlichen Schnittdarstellung das dritte Ausführungsbeispiel mit angehobener Rampe;
• 8 in einer schematischen Darstellung eine Draufsicht auf ein Detail der 6 und 7;
• 9 in einer schematischen seitlichen Schnittdarstellung das dritte Ausführungsbeispiel mit eingeschobener Rampe;
• 10 das dritte Ausführungsbeispiel in einer schematischen ausschnittsweisen Ansicht von hinten;
• 11 eine perspektivische Darstellung des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels in einer ausschnittsweisen Detailansicht;
• 12 eine perspektivische Darstellung des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels in einer ausschnittsweisen Detailansicht von hinten; und
• 13 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Variante des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels in einer ausschnittsweisen Detailansicht.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments in connection with the attached drawing. The drawing shows in:

• 1 the section of a generic vehicle according to the prior art;
• 2 a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of the vehicle according to the invention, the vehicle being shown only in part;
• 3 in a schematic lateral sectional view of a second exemplary embodiment, the vehicle being shown only in part with an extended ramp;
• 4th the second exemplary embodiment is shown in a schematic lateral sectional illustration, the vehicle being shown only in part with a retracted ramp;
• 5 in a schematic representation of the second exemplary embodiment from behind, the vehicle being shown only in part;
• 6th a schematic lateral sectional view of a third exemplary embodiment with a lowered ramp;
• 7th in a schematic lateral sectional illustration the third embodiment with a raised ramp;
• 8th in a schematic representation a plan view of a detail of the 6th and 7th ;
• 9 in a schematic lateral sectional view the third embodiment with the inserted ramp;
• 10 the third embodiment in a schematic partial view from behind;
• 11 a perspective illustration of the third embodiment in a partial detailed view;
• 12th a perspective illustration of the third embodiment in a partial detailed view from behind; and
• 13th a perspective illustration of a variant of the third embodiment in a detail view of a section.

1 shows a vehicle according to the prior art, in its rear receptacle 1 a motor vehicle 2 can be included. The known vehicle can be, for example, a mobile home or a trailer.

There are two guides in the rear mount 3 , 4th arranged. Any guided tour 3 , 4th has two guide rails 5 on, between each of which a wheel 6th of the motor vehicle is included.

There are ramps for loading the vehicle with the motor vehicle 7th intended. The ramps 7th are each formed by a long ramp section 8th and a short ramp section 9 , where the short ramp section 9 can be hooked into the long ramp section to adjust the slope angle of the ramps 7th to flatten. The long section of the ramp 8th is each in a recess 10 in the rear mount 1 hooked.

Conventional mobile homes are in the bumpers 11 the vehicle's slots S. formed into which the long ramp sections 8th be pushed in for transport and secured there. The short ramp sections 9 are used to transport between the guides 3 , 4th placed. With such an arrangement there is a risk that when pulling out / pushing in the ramps 7th the bumper 11 scratched. The short ramp sections 9 take up unnecessary space in the rear mount 1 that can be used elsewhere.

2 shows the basic principle according to the invention of a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention in a schematic representation. With the reference number 12th two lifting devices are marked, which are able to lift the motor vehicle 2 raise so far that ramps 13th under the wheels 6th the motor vehicle can be pushed. The ramps 13th are through the stationary tours 3 , 4th led as it is related to 3 will be explained in more detail.

The ramps point at the rear end 13th one suspension device each 14th on which a hook 15th can be hung. The hook 15th allows easy lifting and lowering of the - otherwise heavy - ramps 13th . The first embodiment is simple. The ramps advantageously overlap 13th the respective tour 3 , 4th and are thereby in the rear mount 1 guided when pushing in and pulling out.

It is shown below on 3 and 4th Reference, which shows a detail of a view of a second embodiment according to the invention from the side.

At this point, it should be pointed out that in the context of the present description, for reasons of clarity, similar components of the vehicle according to the invention can in some cases be provided with the same reference numerals, even if they have structural differences in detail.

The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the ramps 13th each with one car 16 are coupled to the rollers 17th on the guides 3 , 4th is movably mounted. The car 16 is with the respective ramp 13th about a joint 18th pivotally connected.

In 3 is the ramp 13th lowered and lies on a surface 19th on. By means of the hook 15th becomes the ramp 13th raised to an upper position, which in 3 is shown in dashed lines. In this position it can be placed in the rear mount 1 be inserted. In 4th is the retracted state of the ramps 13th shown.

5 shows a schematic representation of a view of the second embodiment from the rear, wherein the motor vehicle 2 in the rear mount 1 is recorded and is in a parking position in which it is transported.

The lifting equipment 12th are between the two tours 3 , 4th arranged, preferably in such a way that, when this is in the rear receptacle 1 recorded motor vehicle 2 is in its parking position, under the wheel suspensions 20th of the motor vehicle are arranged. Alternatively, only one lifting device can be used 21 be provided as in 3 is shown in dashed lines. This lifting device 21 is also between the two tours 3 , 4th stationary in the rear mount 1 arranged. If only a lifting device 21 is provided, they will be arranged so that they are in the parking position of the motor vehicle under its rear axle 22nd is arranged. The lifting equipment 12th respectively. 21 are operated either electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically.

5 shows a situation in which the motor vehicle 2 - here only abstractly through the wheels 6th who have favourited suspension 20th , the rear axle 22nd and feathers 23 symbolizes - in a parking position in the rear mount 1 of the vehicle is included. The lifting equipment 12th respectively. 21 are out of engagement with the motor vehicle 2 so that their piston 24 not on the wheel suspensions 20th or the rear axle 22nd issue. The wheels are in the parking position 6th on the ramps 13th lowered, and the ramps 13th lie on the guides 3 , 4th on. They preferably overlap the guides 3 , 4th . The lifting equipment 12th , 21 are shown with a straight reciprocating piston. You can also have a lifting arm, which in turn is moved by a piston. Such lifting devices are known.

In connection with the 2 were already the suspension devices 14th described. the end 5 it becomes clear that the hanging devices 14th are designed as eyelets, each on the side of the ramps 13th are arranged.

In 5 are the ramps 13th in the rear mount 1 pushed. The ramps are for this purpose 13th at the tours 3 , 4th movably mounted. Preferably on the side of the guide rails 5 Guideways 25th , 26th arranged in which the respective ramp 13th with the roles 17th is stored. In this context, it should be noted that either the respective ramp 13th even roles 17th may have. Alternatively, there is the ramp 13th with the guide carriage 16 connected who is about the roles 17th on the guides 3 , 4th is stored as it is related to the 3 and 4th has already been explained.

The guides 3 , 4th are stationary in the rear receptacle 1 arranged. They each have two guide rails 5 on over which the motor vehicle 2 is guided in the rear mount. The ramps 13th show ramp rails 27 on, which is also used to guide the wheels 6th of the motor vehicle 2 to serve. The ramp preferably overlaps 13th the respective tour 3 , 4th . In particular, it can be provided that the ramp rails 27 the guide rails 5 overlap. The advantage of such an arrangement is that the floor 28 the ramps 13th on the floor 29 the respective leadership 3 , 4th comes to circulation. This can reduce the weight of the motor vehicle 2 about the wheels 6th and the floors 28 , 29 into the vehicle and finally into the ground 19th (please refer 3 and 4th ) be derived.

the 6th until 13th show a third embodiment of the vehicle according to the invention. This exemplary embodiment is based on known vehicles from the prior art. Here come according to 1 Ramps 7th used, which has a first ramp section 8th and a second ramp section 9 exhibit.

There are also ramps in the third exemplary embodiment 7th with a first ramp section 8th and a second ramp section used. Both ramp sections are connected to one another, as is the case with screw connections 30th is indicated. Alternatively or additionally, the ramp sections 8th , 9 also be welded. Alternatively, a continuous ramp can also be used. In both cases, existing ramps can be used and converted accordingly.

The ramp has a transition part 31 on the one across from the ramp 7th is angled. This means that the transition part 31 with the ramp attached 7th - as it is in 6th is shown - has a different slope angle than the ramp sections 8th , 9 . The transition part 31 has at least one role at its free end 32 on. The role 32 reaches into a recess when the ramp is suspended 33 one that is in a rear area of the rear intake 1 is arranged. Through the engagement of the transition part 31 into the recess 33 becomes the ramp 7th safe with the rear mount 1 tied together. At this point it should be noted that in addition to the at least one role 32 a bead can also be formed, which is formed, for example, by a welded-on tube. In this tube is the axis for the respective role 32 recorded. It is also conceivable for the bead to pass directly through the axle for the rollers 32 is formed. The bead advantageously engages in the recess. Then the roles can 32 remain unencumbered.

The transition part 31 has, among other things, the task of a transition from the ramp 7th (or its ramp section 8th ) to create the rear mount. For this reason, it is angled, which means driving on the rear mount 1 or the tours 3 , 4th simplified. Depending on the ramp angle 7th serves the transition part 31 also for guiding the ramp when pushing it into the rear mount. The rollers slide here 32 on the lead 3 , 4th or their bottom 29 (please refer 10 ) away. In the 6th until 13th is just the guide 4th shown. It goes without saying, however, that there is also a guide 3 can be provided, which is constructed in the same way. On the side of the transition part 31 are side walls 34 arranged, which give an entering motor vehicle lateral support and prevent the motor vehicle from slipping in this area. The distance between the side walls 34 is advantageously reduced towards the free end of the transition part 31 down (see 12th ).

With the reference number 35 a support device is identified that is used in connection with the 10 will be explained in more detail.

The ramp 7th has two outriggers 36 on, with which the ramp is located 7th on the guides 3 , 4th can support. The outriggers point at the front end 36 roll 37 on with which the boom 36 on the guides 3 , 4th prop if the ramp 7th is raised. Additionally or alternatively, the booms have 36 lateral rollers 38 with which the boom is on the side of the guides 3 , 4th prop up.

The mode of operation of the third exemplary embodiment is described below.

In 6th are the ramps 7th lowered and lie on the ground 19th on. The ramps 7th engage with their roles 32 into the recesses 33 . Unless the transition part 31 a bead, for example a tube, grip the ramps 7th with the bead in the recess. The roles 32 can then freely, i.e. unencumbered, in the recess 33 be included. That’s the ramps 7th on the vehicle or its rear mount 1 set, and it can be a motor vehicle in the rear mount 1 be drawn in or left out of it. In the roles lie in this state 37 not on the tours 3 , 4th on.

In 7th are the ramps 7th raised (where as in 6th only one ramp is shown). By lifting the transition part comes 31 disengaged from the recess 33 . The respective role 32 then no longer engages in the recess 33 a.

At the same time the booms arrive 36 with their roles 37 to be placed on the guides 3 , 4th . This becomes the respective transition part 31 from the recess 33 solved. The ramps 7th can now in the rear mount 1 be pushed. Here come the roles first 37 to be placed on the guides 3 , 4th and the ramp 7th is about the roles 37 pushed a little into the rear mount. In addition, the ramps are side by side with rollers 38 led that to the booms 36 are arranged.

Basically it is possible to use the ramps 7th completely about the roles 37 to slide into the rear mount. For reasons of space, however, it is particularly advantageous if the ramp 7th about the roles 32 in the rear mount 1 is pushed as soon as the ramp 7th about the roles 37 a piece in the rear mount 1 has been pushed in. By doing that the ramp 7th about the roles 32 is supported, the ramp can 7th be inserted at a shallower angle so that the ramp 7th fits well under a raised bike even when there is limited space. The roles 37 stand out advantageously from the guides. As a result, the ramp is therefore preferably initially only over the rollers 37 guided. As the angle of the ramp becomes increasingly shallow, the rollers arrive 32 to be placed on the guides 3 , 4th . Depending on the angle of attack, the ramp can 7th exclusively about the roles 32 be pushed. This will be the case in particular in an advanced phase of insertion of the ramp.

With the reference number 38A further guide rollers are marked on the ramp 7th are attached. Like it 8th shows in a partial plan view, the guide rollers are on a floor 39 attached to the ramp, which is located between ramp rails 40 extends. This will place the ramp on the inside of the guide rails 5 guided.

9 shows the inserted ramps 7th in one end position. Here are the ramps 7th on the guides 3 , 4th on.

10 shows the ramp on the left in a highly schematic representation 7th as they are in their final position on the guide 4th rests. Two aspects become particularly clear from this illustration. On the one hand, the third embodiment allows the use of ramps 7th that are about the same width as the respective guide 4th . In this case the ramp lies 7th on the lead 4th on. On the other hand, this view reveals the function of the support device 35 can be seen showing the ground 39 the ramp 7th against the ground 29 the leadership 4th supports. The support preferably takes place in an area in which the rear wheel is located 6th of the motor vehicle is in its parking position in which it is transported in the vehicle. In particular is the rear wheel 6th in the parking position above the support device 35 arranged.

With the reference number 41 is marked with a bolt on the side of the ramp 7th , especially on the ramp rail 40 , is movably attached. It can be moved so that it engages a receptacle 42 can be brought, as it is in 10 is shown. This is the ramp 7th with the guide 4th connected and locked.

the 11 and 12th show the third embodiment example in greater detail.

The boom 36 are designed as a profile, in particular as a square profile. The boom 36 are in the ramp rails 40 the ramps 7th recorded. For example, they can be welded in or screwed in. They preferably form an extension of the ramp rails 40 . It is particularly advantageous if the boom 36 over the ramp floor 39 stretch out. It is also considered advantageous if the boom 36 over the transition part 31 stretch out.

In 11 are the roles 32 out of engagement with the recess 33 . In this position - i.e. with the ramp raised 7th - the trailers lie with their roles 37 on the lead 4th on. In particular, the roles 37 on the guide rails 5 roll off. The roles indicate this 37 of the two outriggers 36 a ramp 7th preferably a similar distance as the guide rails. The same applies to the boom 36 . A similar distance is given when the boom is 36 and / or the roles 37 at least partially with the guide rails 5 cover. Once the ramp 7th about the roles 37 is pushed a little into the rear receptacle, the ramp can 7th with a shallower angle over the rollers 32 can be pushed further into the rear mount.

How it looks 12th can be seen particularly well, the distance between the two side walls is reduced 34 to the free end of the transition part 31 there. The leadership part 31 can be advantageous between the guide rails 5 intervention. The roles 32 are advantageous between the guide rails 5 guided. Preferably, the roles 32 to slide in the ramp 7th into the rear mount on the guide floor 29 roll off.

13th shows a variant of the third embodiment. The arms have a stop at their end 43 on, which is designed here as a catch hook. The stop acts with a stop 44 together, the one on the guide, in particular the guide rail 5 , can be arranged. The two stops prevent the ramp 7th can be pulled out of the rear mount.

The figures are schematic representations. For reasons of clarity, components that are visible in other views are not shown in some views. If terms such as front, back, side, top or bottom are used, these are based on the orientation of the vehicle or motor vehicle.

The invention has been described in connection with a motor vehicle with four wheels. Two ramps and two guides are advantageous for this. It is true that a car is an advantageous application example, but the invention is not limited to this. Motorcycles, trikes, quads and the like can also benefit from the invention. Then only one ramp and possibly only one guide may be required.

List of reference symbols

1

Rear mount

2

Motor vehicle

3

guide

4th

guide

5

Guide rail

6th

wheel

7th

ramp

8th

Ramp section

9

Ramp section

10

Recess

11

Bumper

12th

Lifting device

13th

ramp

14th

Suspension device

15th

hook

16

Guide carriage

17th

roll

18th

joint

19th

Underground

20th

Suspension

21

Lifting device

S.

slot

22nd

Rear axle

23

feather

24

Pistons

25th

Guideway

26th

Guideway

27

Ramp rail

28

floor

29

floor

30th

Screw connection

31

Transition part

32

role

33

Recess

34

side walls

35

Support device

36

boom

37

role

38

role

38A

role

39

floor

40

Ramp rails

41

bolt

42

recording

43

attack

44

attack

Claims (23)

A method for loading a vehicle with a motor vehicle (2) which has at least one wheel (6), wherein - the motor vehicle (2) is rolled over at least one ramp (7; 13) into a rear receptacle (1) of the vehicle, - the Motor vehicle (2) is raised in the rear receptacle (1), and wherein - the at least one ramp (7; 13) is placed under the at least one wheel (6) of the motor vehicle (2), characterized in that - the motor vehicle (2 ) is placed on the at least one ramp (7; 13) after the at least one ramp has been placed under the at least one wheel (6). Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one ramp (7; 13) is supported in the rear receptacle (1) of the vehicle, while it is moved under the at least one wheel (6). Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that after the motor vehicle (2) has been raised in the rear receptacle (1), the at least one ramp (7; 13) is moved into the vehicle, in particular pushed or pulled, the at least one ramp (7 ; 13) is guided in the rear receptacle when moving into the rear receptacle (1) of the vehicle. Method according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that in the rear receptacle (1) at least one guide (3; 4) is arranged and that, after the motor vehicle (2) has been raised in the rear receptacle (1), the at least one ramp (7; 13) over the at least one guide (3; 4) is moved, in particular pushed or pulled, and is preferably lowered over the guide. Method according to one of the Claims 1 until 4th , characterized in that the motor vehicle (2) is lifted pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically. Method according to one of the Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that at least the rear end of the motor vehicle (2) is raised. Vehicle, with - at least one ramp (7; 13) via which a motor vehicle (2) can be received in a rear receptacle (1) of the vehicle, - at least one stationary guide (3; 4) in the rear receptacle (1) for Guiding of the motor vehicle (2) is arranged in the rear receptacle (1), the vehicle having at least one lifting device (12; 21) which is arranged in the rear receptacle (1) and can lift a motor vehicle (2) accommodated in the rear receptacle , and - wherein the at least one ramp (7; 13) is movably guided in the rear receptacle (1), characterized in - that the at least one ramp (7; 13) at least partially overlaps the at least one guide (3; 4). Vehicle after Claim 7 , characterized in that the at least one ramp (7; 13) is movably, in particular longitudinally displaceable, mounted on the at least one guide (3; 4). Vehicle after Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that the at least one guide (3; 4) has at least one guide rail (5) and that the at least one ramp (7; 13) each with at least one roller (37; 38) on and / or on the at least one Guide rail (5) can roll, in particular is guided. Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 9 , characterized in that the at least one ramp (7; 13) can be moved completely into the rear receptacle (1) of the vehicle into an end position and in the end position is arranged above the at least one guide (3; 4). Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 10 , characterized in that the at least one ramp (13) is pivotally attached to a guide carriage (16), the guide carriage being displaceably mounted on the at least one guide (3; 4). Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 11 , characterized in that the at least one ramp (7) has a support device (35) on its underside with which the at least one ramp (7) extends on the at least one guide (3; 4), in particular on a floor (29) the at least one guide, or is supported on a floor of the rear receptacle (1). Vehicle after Claim 12 , characterized in that the support device (35) is arranged only in a rear region of the at least one ramp (7). Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 13th , characterized by a transition part (31) which is connected to the at least one ramp (7; 13) and is angled with respect to the at least one ramp (7; 13), the at least one ramp (7, 13) preferably having two arms (36 ), with which the at least one ramp (7; 13) can be supported on and / or on the at least one guide (3; 4). Vehicle after Claim 14 , characterized in that the extension arms (36) each have at least one roller (37; 38) at their end, with which the extension arms (36) are at the top and / or side on or on the at least one guide (3; 4) prop up. Vehicle after Claim 14 or 15th , characterized in that the booms (36) extend in the direction of extent of the at least one ramp (7; 13). Vehicle after one of the Claims 14 until 16 , characterized in that the transition part (31) preferably at its free end has at least one roller (32), in particular two rollers (32), and that the arms (36) preferably extend beyond the transition part (31). Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 17th , characterized by a fixing device for fixing the at least one ramp (7; 13) on the at least one guide, the fixing device preferably being designed as a bolt (41) which connects the at least one ramp to the at least one guide or can be plugged into the guide is and forms an end stop for the at least one ramp. Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 18th , characterized in that the at least one ramp (7; 13) has a free end and that a suspension device (14) for suspending a hook (15) is arranged at the free end. Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 19th , characterized in that the at least one ramp (7; 13) has a stop (43) which interacts with a stop (44) of the at least one guide (3; 4) and an extension of the at least one ramp (7; 13) limited from the rear mount (1). Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 20th , characterized in that the at least one ramp (7; 13) has at least one guide roller (38A) which supports the at least one ramp (7; 13) laterally on the at least one guide, with the at least one guide roller (38A) preferably on a floor (39) of the ramp is attached, which extends between two ramp rails (40). Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 21 , characterized in that two guides (3; 4) are arranged in the rear receptacle (1) and that the at least one lifting device (12; 21) is arranged between the two guides. Vehicle after one of the Claims 7 until 22nd , characterized in that the at least one lifting device (12; 21) is arranged in the rear receptacle (1) in such a way that a motor vehicle (2) accommodated in the rear receptacle is in its parking position with its rear end above the at least one lifting device (12; 21 ) is arranged.

Images