DE102018206600A1 - Electrically driven motor vehicle and frame-like component for mounting to the body of an electrically driven motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrically driven motor vehicle (K) having at least one housing (10), in which a plurality of battery cells are held together to form at least one cell stack. Each cell stack has a tappable voltage of preferably less than 60 volts, wherein the housing (10) forms at least part of a traction battery (T) and is detachably connected to the motor vehicle (K).
According to the invention it is proposed that a frame-like component (1) is present, which is also releasably connected to the motor vehicle (K) formed with a circumferential side wall (2) and formed in its outline such that it is more of the housing (10) between its peripheral side wall (2) receives or can accommodate.

Description

The invention also relates to a frame-like component for mounting to the body of such an electrically driven motor vehicle having the features of the preamble of patent claim 7.

From the preamble of claim 1 forming DE 11 2009 002 264 T5 is an electrically driven motor vehicle with a traction battery has become known, which has an outer housing, in which a plurality of housings are arranged interchangeably, each with contained battery cells. The outer housing has for this purpose a plurality of defined slots, to which the housings are adapted and can be inserted, secured and electrically connected. Through each housing with battery cells, a first, shock-absorbing structure is formed. The housing receiving the outer housing forms a second, shock-absorbing structure. As a result, the traction battery of the motor vehicle should be particularly accident-proof.

In the DE 10 2010 024 318 A1 a modular battery housing is proposed. The battery housing should be assigned a predefined grid, can be fixed on the same or different energy storage and securely locked. As a grid, for example, a measure of 400 x 100 x 100 mm is proposed.

Finally, in the DE 10 2012 224 041 A1 a modular structure for a traction battery described. Specifically, several battery modules are mounted in a trough-like battery tray, which is sealed with a cover. As a result, a battery assembly is formed. Each battery module has a U-shaped lattice-like angle in which a plurality of battery cells are inserted and stackable. Each battery module is also covered with a module cover. In end channels of the angle, an adapter plate can be inserted, which serves for fixing the battery module on the battery tray. About locking adapter plates several battery modules are interconnected.

The disadvantage of the cited prior art lies in the difficulty of accessibility to the battery modules, since the battery modules are accommodated in at least one complex housing enclosing all modules.

The present invention is based on the object to provide an electrically driven motor vehicle according to the features of the preamble of claim 1, wherein the accessibility to the battery modules is facilitated. This object is achieved with an electrically driven motor vehicle having the features of claim 1.

The present invention is also based on the object to provide a suitable, frame-like component for mounting on the body of such, electrically driven motor vehicle. This object is achieved by a frame-like component having the features of claim 7.

Advantageous embodiments or developments of the invention can be found in the respective dependent claims.

The invention is therefore initially based on an electrically driven motor vehicle having at least one housing, in which a plurality of battery cells are held together to form at least one cell stack. Each cell stack has a tapped voltage. For safety reasons, the voltage which can be tapped can preferably be below 60 volts, but more preferably only just below 60 volts. The at least one housing forms at least part of a traction battery for the motor vehicle and is detachably connected to the motor vehicle.

For example, hybrid vehicles (HEV = hybrid electric vehicle), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV = plug-in hybrid electric vehicle) or even pure electric vehicles, ie battery vehicles (BEV = Battery Electric Vehicle) come into consideration as electrically driven vehicles.

The invention now proposes that on a lower side of the motor vehicle, a frame-like component is present, which is detachably connected to the motor vehicle. The frame-like component is equipped with a circumferential side wall. In its outline, it is designed such that it can accommodate or accommodate a plurality of the housings between its circumferential side wall.

In this way, the accessibility of the individual housing is noticeably easier. In case of maintenance, only an underrun protection may need to be removed, which is not expensive.

According to a first development, the frame-like component has at least one flange, with fastening openings which are arranged distributed along the flange. This allows an easy and reliable attachment of the frame-like component to the body of the motor vehicle, preferably by screwing. For this purpose, the body of the motor vehicle, preferably his Side member (sill) and / or its bottom plates corresponding threaded holes on.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the frame-like component is rectangular in outline. As a result, it can be produced inexpensively. In addition, can be done in this way, a lighter arrangement of housings with battery cells within the frame-like component.

The frame-like component can accommodate a plurality of identical housing with battery cells, wherein each housing holds at least one tapped voltage. Conveniently, the individual housings are connected in such a way that a larger, suitable for traction of the motor vehicle total voltage is generated. According to one embodiment, an elongated, horizontally extending opening is therefore introduced on at least one side of the frame-like component in the side wall thereof. This can serve for receiving or for the passage of a connector strip, with a slight tap of the total voltage generated is possible.

It is highly advantageous if at least one maintenance opening can be opened on the housing, which opens an access to a maintenance shaft. Through the maintenance shaft, a receiving space for at least one battery cell management control device is formed. The maintenance shaft is separated from a receiving space for the battery cells. Thus, a self-contained receiving space for the battery cell management control device is formed by the maintenance shaft. Such a control device usually serves to monitor and manage the battery cells of a cell stack (temperature distribution, voltage, aging, etc.).

In this way, an easy and safe maintenance or a simple replacement of the battery cell management control device is possible. Due to the separation of the receiving space of the battery cell management control device from that for the battery cells, therefore, the receiving space for the battery cells does not have to be exposed in case of maintenance. In this way, the risk of damaging the battery cells is avoided and the maintenance of individual housings is safely possible and greatly facilitated.
According to yet another embodiment, at least two plug openings are present on the housing, in each of which at least a portion of a connector insertable and thus the voltage of a single housing can be tapped.

This allows a simple and safe way a tap of the voltage provided by a cell stack possible. In addition, the cost of a seal of the housing can be minimized because the otherwise completely and immerse waterproof closed housing needs to be sealed only at the insertion openings.

As mentioned at the beginning, a frame-like component for mounting on a body of an electrically driven motor vehicle described above should also be protected by the invention.

The frame-like component is provided with a circumferential side wall. From the side wall extends at least partially at least one flange on which are arranged distributed along mounting openings. In its dimensions, the frame-like component is dimensioned such that it extends in the assembled state in width over at least a majority of a width of the motor vehicle and in its length at least over a major part of a length of the motor vehicle. Thus, enough housing can be accommodated and held within the frame-like component with battery cells.

In one embodiment, the frame-like is rectangular, which is conducive to easier manufacturability and a large absorption capacity.

At least on one side of the frame-like component in the side wall an elongated and horizontally extending opening is introduced. It serves for the partial passage of a plug strip received within the frame-like component, with which a tapping of the total voltage provided by the module-like housing takes place.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the figures and will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures in the following description. As a result, even further advantages of the invention become apparent. The same reference numerals, even in different figures, refer to the same, comparable or functionally identical components. In this case, corresponding or comparable properties and advantages are achieved, even if a repeated description or reference does not occur. The figures are not or at least not always true to scale. In some figures, proportions or distances may be exaggerated to more clearly highlight features of an embodiment.

• 1 die Ansicht des elektrisch antreibbaren Kraftfahrzeugs von unten,
• 2 eine perspektivische Darstellung des die Batteriezellen aufnehmenden Gehäuses,
• 3 eine Explosionsdarstellung des elektrisch antreibbares Kraftfahrzeugs (Rohbau)
• 4 eine perspektivische Einzeldarstellung des rahmenartigen Bauteils in einer zweiten Ausführungsform und
• 5 eine perspektivische Einzeldarstellung des rahmenartigen Bauteils in einer dritten Ausführungsform.

It show, each schematically

• 1 the view of the electrically driven motor vehicle from below,
• 2 a perspective view of the battery cells receiving housing,
• 3 an exploded view of the electrically driven motor vehicle (shell)
• 4 an individual perspective view of the frame-like component in a second embodiment and
• 5 an individual perspective view of the frame-like component in a third embodiment.

First, on the 1 and 2 Referenced. In 1 is an electrically driven motor vehicle K seen from below. In particular, the motor vehicle K In the embodiment, a battery vehicle (BEV = Battery Electric Vehicle), ie a pure electric vehicle, which exclusively by an electric motor 6 is driven. Deviating from the embodiment, the invention can also be used in a hybrid vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle.

The car K has on its underside a frame-like component 1 on, which is in its outline, so with a width b3 and a length l3 over a majority of the underbody surface of the motor vehicle K extends. It is preferably made of aluminum, but other suitable materials are conceivable. The frame-like component 1 has a circumferential side wall 2 with a thickness d on. The fat d may preferably be several centimeters. The side wall 2 has an inner surface 200 and an outer surface 201 , From the side wall 2 flanges extend 3 outward (see also 3 ). The flanges 3 are in turn via fasteners 4 detachable with the body of the motor vehicle K , preferably with here not apparent swells 9 (see also 3 ), preferably screwed.

The frame-like component 1 has a rectangular outline and forms with the inner surface 200 its circumferential side wall 2 an equally rectangular receiving space A for receiving a plurality of elongated and cuboidal housing 10 out. The housing 10 are about fasteners 5 with the frame-like component 1 detachably connected, preferably also screwed with this. The fasteners grip 5 in corresponding threaded holes on the underside of the frame-like component 1 on (not visible in the illustrations). The screw connection of the housing 10 with the frame-like component 1 takes place in the area of end connection flanges 29 the housing 10 , what a 1 indicated only by dashed lines (see also 2 ).

Furthermore, based on the 1 seen that the case 10 have a longitudinal extent l2, in its mounting position perpendicular to a longitudinal extent l1 of the motor vehicle K is aligned. A the housing 10 and the frame-like component 1 covering underrun protection 22 (see. 3 ) is not shown here for the sake of clarity.

The frame-like component 1 touched with its surrounding outer surface 201 the outline of a rectangular receiving space A ' , Through the receiving space A 'is a rectangular, bottom-side recess in the body of the motor vehicle K educated.

As in particular from 2 recognizable, takes every case 10 a plurality of battery cells not shown in detail, which are indicated by dashed lines cell stacks 11 ' are connected. Specifically, through each housing 10 two cell stacks 11 ' added. Every cell stack 11 ' generates a tapped voltage, which may preferably be less than 60 V, more preferably only just below 60 V. The voltage is with suitable connectors (not shown here) via high-voltage (HV) -Vecköffnungen 14 tapped, with two plug-in openings 14 (one to a minus, the other to a positive pole accessible) a cell stack 11 ' assigned. There are several enclosures via the connectors 10 In addition, voltage technology can be interconnected to form a larger unit. The tap of the electric motor 6 driving total voltage is then a power strip 21 possible (see also 3 ).

In the installed state of the housing 10 X is a vehicle longitudinal direction, Y is a vehicle transverse direction and Z is a vehicle vertical direction. In the 2 are one of the side walls 101 , one of the end walls 102 and also an upper wall 104 of the housing 10 clearly visible. The side walls 101 , the upper wall 104 and also the lower wall 103 have a wall thickness which is about 4 to 6 millimeters, preferably about 5 millimeters. In this way, forces are through these walls Fy easily accessible in the vehicle transverse direction.

One in the middle of the case 10 arranged maintenance box 12 and a battery cell management controller received therein 13 (only one of two is in 2 shown) are shown in dashed lines. The battery cell management controllers 13 are in suitable plug connections (not shown) within the maintenance box 12 pluggable. Each of the battery cell management controllers 13 is for the management (Temperature distribution, voltage, age, etc.) of a cell stack associated with it 11 ' responsible.

The maintenance box 12 has in outline a quadrangular, in particular rectangular shape. It fills the equally rectangular cross-section of the housing 10 from the inside and lies with an upper wall on the upper wall 104 of the housing 10 , with a lower wall on the lower wall 103 of the housing 10 and with side walls on the side walls 101 of the housing 10 at. The maintenance box 12 is preferably fixedly in the housing via an adhesive connection or via a press fit 10 held. Due to the wall thickness of the housing 10 on the one hand and the wall thicknesses of the maintenance box 12 on the other hand arises in the area of the maintenance box 12 a particularly high stability, giving a transmission of high forces Fx in the vehicle longitudinal direction and / or forces Fz in vehicle vertical direction allows.

Each of the HV plug-in openings 14 is sealed separately and has a contact protection (not shown in detail).

With 19 is a wireless communication interface that is used for communication or data exchange of the battery cell management control devices 13 with other battery cell management controllers 13 other housing 10 or with a higher level battery management controller (not shown). The communication interface 19 may be formed, for example, optically, by radio or even inductively.

Access to each battery cell management controller 13 is via a detachable lid 16 possible, of which in 2 only one is shown. Every lid 16 closes a battery cell management controller 13 receiving maintenance shaft sealing off and is preferably via a screw connection to the lower wall 103 connected.

This is the case 10 altogether almost closed and formed immerse waterproof. After plugging in the battery cell management controllers 13 in the maintenance shafts and closing through the lid 16 puts every case 10 thus a full-fledged, universally applicable battery module.

In the 3 will be explained in another way with an exploded view, how the said components are mounted and arranged to each other. So it can be seen that initially the frame-like component 1 with a body 8th of the motor vehicle K is connected. In particular, the frame-like component 1 with sills 9 and also with a bottom plate (not visible) screwed.

Specifically, the frame-like component 1 on his flanges 3 mounting holes 40 on which to carry out suitable fasteners 4 (see. 1 ) serve. Furthermore, as a central connection element, the power strip 21 clearly visible, which is the tapping of the individual housing 10 interconnected total voltage allows and the electric motor 6 of the motor vehicle K energized.

After removing an underrun protection 22 can thus selectively either individual battery cell management control devices 13 by removing the lid 16 can be removed and replaced, or it is easy removal or replacement of selected housings 10 possible. Each of the housings 10 is with recesses 28 at the front side connection flanges 29 provided (see also 2 ). These serve to accommodate the fasteners 5 (see. 1 ), about which a housing 10 with the frame-like component 1 is screwed.

Over the housings 10 are cooling channels 23 arranged. The cooling channels 23 are in the final assembly state of the motor vehicle K in heat-conducting connection with the upper wall 104 the housing 10 , Through the cooling channels 23 a coolant (for example CO ₂ ) is passed in a manner not shown. The housing 10 each of which is virtually a fully functional battery module, in its entirety constitute a traction battery T of the motor vehicle K out.

By the described modular design, ie formation of the traction battery T through individual, closed housings 10 With its own cell management, the flexibility and handling during maintenance are greatly facilitated. In addition, allow each housing 10 associated and easily replaceable battery cell management controllers 13 a very easy maintenance. Furthermore, in this way, the use of a housing 10 as a fully-fledged power source with its own energy management, also in other technical fields than automotive technology, for example as a stand-alone solution.

With 24 is a sill reinforcement of fiber composite plastic figured. This leads to an additional safety against lateral, on the traction battery T acting crash loads.

There are also connectors 25 clearly visible, with plug contacts not shown in the plug openings 14 are plugged in and over the the individual voltage of each cell stack 11 ' can be tapped. Different housings 10 are also through the connectors 25 electrically connectable to each other. Finally, with the help of the already mentioned connector strip 21 the total voltage can be tapped in a manner not shown. The frame-like component 1 has a frontal area of the side wall 2 an opening 7 , which is elongated and extends horizontally. The opening 7 allows easy protrusion of the power strip 21 outward from the frame-like component 1 and thus the tap of the total voltage.

The connectors 25 be through a connection bar 26 spatially interconnected. Preferably, the connectors 25 in the connection bar 26 firmly embedded and thus pre-adjusted. This facilitates a "blind plugging" of the housing 10 from bottom to top in the direction of the connector 25 , The connection bar 26 For each electrical pole to be disconnected, there is an insulated cable to which all the poles of the housings with similar poles are attached 10 connected connectors 25 be brought into contact.

Finally there are other supply lines 27 also shown on the top of the traction battery T or the housing 10 are guided along and their position thus also easy to maintain the traction battery T contributes.

In the 4 and 5 are still other embodiments of a frame-like component 1` and 1" shown. The frame-like components 1` and 1" do not have a pure rectangular outline. They are therefore not as inexpensive to produce, as the frame-like component 1 , Still they provide with a circumferential side wall 2 , of which protruding flanges 3 with mounting holes 40 and a recording room A also the basic requirements for easy installation on the body of the electrically driven motor vehicle K as well as for the acceptance of modular battery housings. However, this sets at least a slight modification of the outline of the bottom-side receiving space A ' of the motor vehicle K ahead.

As a further, yet notable advantage, the present invention also provides the prerequisite for the motor vehicle K , according to customer requirements, either with modular housings 10 or equipped with a conventional traction battery. This is on the one hand by the inner surface 200 the frame-like component 1 the recording room A for the housing 10 educated. Through the outer surface 201 the frame-like component 1 On the other hand, the slightly larger receiving space A 'in the bottom-side body of the motor vehicle K touched (cf. 1 ). After a possible removal of the frame-like component 1 the receiving space A 'then alternatively (not shown) for receiving the housing of a conventional traction battery can be used.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1`, 1 "

frame-like component

2

circumferential side wall

3

flanges

4

fastener

5

fastener

6

electric motor

7

opening

8th

body

9

sill

10

casing

11 '

cell stack

12

maintenance box

13

Battery cell management controllers

14

plug openings

16

cover

19

wireless communication interface, wireless communication means

21

power strip

22

Underride protection

23

cooling channels

24

Sill reinforcement made of fiber composite plastic

25

Connectors

26

connecting strip

27

supply lines

28

recesses

29

flanges

40

mounting holes

101

sidewalls

102

end walls

103

lower wall

104

upper wall

200

Inner surface of the circumferential side wall

201

Outer surface of the circumferential side wall

A

Recording space for modular housing

A '

Reception room for traction battery

b3

Width of the frame-like component

d

thickness

Fx

force

Fy

force

Fz

force

K

electrically driven motor vehicle

I1

Longitudinal extension of the motor vehicle

I2

Longitudinal extension of the housing

I3

Length of the frame-like component

T

traction battery

X

Vehicle longitudinal direction

Y

Vehicle transverse direction

Z

Vehicle vertical direction

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 112009002264 T5 [0002]
• DE 102010024318 A1 [0003]
• DE 102012224041 A1 [0004]

Claims (9)

Electrically driven motor vehicle (K) having at least one housing (10), in which a plurality of battery cells are held together to at least one cell stack (11 ') having a tapped voltage, wherein the housing (10) at least part of a traction battery (T) is formed and releasably connected to the motor vehicle (K), characterized in that on a lower side of the motor vehicle (K) a frame-like component (1, 1 ', 1 ") is present, which releasably connected to the motor vehicle (K), with a circumferential side wall (2) is formed and formed in its outline such that it receives or can accommodate a plurality of the housing (10) between its peripheral side wall (2). Electrically driven motor vehicle (K) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the frame-like component (1, 1 ', 1 ") has at least one flange (3), with fastening openings (40) which are distributed along the flange (3). Electrically driven motor vehicle (K) according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the frame-like component (1, 1 ', 1 ") is rectangular in outline. Electrically driven motor vehicle (K) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on at least one side of the frame-like component (1) in the side wall (2) an elongated, horizontally extending opening (7) is introduced. Electrically driven motor vehicle (K) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (10) at least one maintenance opening (15) can be opened, which provides access to a maintenance shaft (17) through which a receiving space for at least one battery cell management Control device (13) is formed, wherein the maintenance shaft (17) from a receiving space (18) for the battery cells (11) is separated. Electrically driven motor vehicle (K) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (10) has at least two plug openings (14), in each of which at least part of a connector (25) can be inserted and thus the voltage can be tapped off. Frame-like component (1, 1 ', 1 ") for mounting on a body of an electrically driven motor vehicle (K) according to one of the preceding claims, with a circumferential side wall (2) and at least one flange (3) along which fastening openings (40 The frame-like component (1, 1 ', 1 ") is dimensioned in such a way that in the assembled state in its width (b3) at least over a large part of a width of the motor vehicle (K) and in its Length (13) extends over at least a majority of a length of the motor vehicle (K) Frame-like component (1) according to Claim 7 , characterized in that it is rectangular in outline. Frame-like component (1) according to Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that at least on one side of the component (1) in the side wall (2) an elongated, horizontally extending opening (7) is introduced.

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