DE102018004209A1 - Vehicle with driving module and load module - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle with drive module (21) and the load module (22) separable therefrom and having the following features: a) the drive module has a chassis, a drive motor and in particular an energy store for this purpose and is provided for receiving the load module, b) the load module has a standing device with at least three support posts, namely two lateral, opposing support posts and a central support post with distance to an imaginary line, which connects the two lateral support posts with each other, c) in a driving position of the vehicle, the driving module carries the load module, in one Parking position rests the load module on the support posts, d) the driving module has an open to one side of the driving module recess, namely to the entrance of the central support bracket.

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle with driving module and separable load module thereof.

Transport vehicles with which a load can be picked up and put down again are for example from the patent documents EP 0 496 309 A1 . DE 197 21 121 A1 . US 6,139,248 . US 2003/0057663 A1 . WO 2005/018985 A1 and DE 10 2013 114 841 A1 known. The latter shows an automatically guided vehicle, which receives a container in the area of a stationary support frame, so that the container is stored on the vehicle. The acquisition of the container is possible only with the help of the support frame and therefore very expensive equipment.

Object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle with driving module and separable load module thereof. The vehicle should be as flexible as possible. The takeover and delivery of the load module should be as simple as possible.

1. a) das Fahrmodul weist ein Fahrwerk, einen Antriebsmotor und insbesondere einen Energiespeicher hierfür auf und ist zur Aufnahme des Lastmoduls vorgesehen,
2. b) das Lastmodul weist eine Stehvorrichtung mit wenigstens drei Tragstützen auf, nämlich zwei seitliche, einander gegenüberliegende Tragstützen und eine mittige Tragstütze mit Abstand zu einer gedachten Linie, welche die beiden seitlichen Tragstützen miteinander verbindet,
3. c) in einer Fahrstellung des Fahrzeugs trägt das Fahrmodul das Lastmodul, in einer Parkstellung ruht das Lastmodul auf den Tragstützen,
4. d) das Fahrmodul weist eine zu einer Seite des Fahrmoduls offene Aussparung auf, nämlich zum Eintritt der mittigen Tragstütze.

To achieve the object, the vehicle according to the invention has the features of claim 1. In particular, a vehicle with a travel module and a load module that can be separated from it and with the following features is provided:

1. a) the driving module has a chassis, a drive motor and in particular an energy store for this purpose and is provided for receiving the load module,
2. b) the load module has a standing device with at least three support posts, namely two lateral, opposing support posts and a central support post with distance to an imaginary line connecting the two side support posts together,
3. c) in a driving position of the vehicle, the driving module carries the load module, in a parking position, the load module rests on the support posts,
4. d) the driving module has an open to one side of the driving module recess, namely the entrance of the central support bracket.

Due to the combination of a central support post on the load module and a side of an open recess on the drive module, the drive module can simply travel under the load module and then pick it up. Advantageously, the center of gravity of the load module is located vertically above the drive module or on the drive module, in particular within a load zone defined by the chassis of the drive module.

The standing device of the load module requires only a small footprint. When using exactly three support posts, slight uneven floors are irrelevant. Advantageously, the support posts form a particular pointed triangle with the central support post at the top. The so-called central support post is preferably arranged along a central longitudinal axis or center transverse axis of the load module and at a distance from sides of the load module, in particular to the front side and rear side. Also possible are deviations from the central longitudinal axis or central transverse axis, depending on the intended load distribution on the load module.

Instead of exactly one central support post, a plurality of support posts may be provided close to each other. The same applies to the lateral support posts.

The recess preferably runs in a straight line and / or parallel to a longitudinal axis or transverse axis of the driving module. The position of the recess on the drive module is adapted to the position of the central support post.

The chassis of the driving module is advantageously provided with wheels, runners, chains or a combination thereof. The load module is preferably freight module with cargo space for receiving goods or passenger module with seats, in particular driver's seat, or a combination of cargo module and passenger module.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the recess may be open to a rear side of the driving module. The driving module can then drive backwards under the load module while taking the central support post in the open recess.

1. a) die Aussparung erstreckt sich über wenigstens ein Viertel der Länge des Fahrmoduls oder über ein Drittel der Länge des Lastmoduls,
2. b) die Aussparung ist schlitzförmig, mit abschnittsweise, überwiegend oder insgesamt zueinander parallelen Rändern,
3. c) die Aussparung ist abschnittsweise, überwiegend oder insgesamt konisch ausgebildet, mit enger werdender Weite, ausgehend von der Seite des Fahrmoduls.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the recess may have at least one of the following features:

1. a) the recess extends over at least a quarter of the length of the drive module or over one third of the length of the load module,
2. b) the recess is slot-shaped, with edges in sections, predominantly or in total parallel to one another,
3. c) the recess is partially formed, predominantly or conically, with narrowing width, starting from the side of the driving module.

By the described properties of the recess, the load module can be safely absorbed by the driving module. The preferably conical design of the recess also has a centering effect at the entrance of the central Support post by relative movement along the recess.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the support posts can be moved from a downward position into an upward position and, for this purpose, are in particular liftable, foldable or telescopic. Of course, the support posts can also be moved back to the down position.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the driving module may be provided with a chassis, which is height-adjustable relative to a supporting chassis, at least between a lower position and an upper position. In the lower position of the chassis, the support chassis has a greater ground clearance than in the upper position.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the driving module may have batteries as energy storage, which are provided partially or predominantly below the load module, in particular without the load module being supported on the batteries. The drive motor of the drive module is then preferably an electric motor. The batteries are relatively flat and distributed over one to three quarters of the surface of the support chassis and are preferably covered by the load module, so protected.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the driving module may have a supporting chassis with lateral recesses for receiving parts of a chassis. The lateral recesses are preferably provided for receiving wheel arches. Also, the drive module may have support members for receiving the load module.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the driving module may have lateral supports or extensions for limiting a free cross-section provided for the load module. On the driving module, a defined free cross section for receiving the load module is provided. The lateral supports limit this free cross section. Parts of the load module can thus come to rest on the lateral supports or serve as a guide when the driving module moves under the load module.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the load module may have a preferably T-shaped main beam with longitudinal beams and crossbeams, in particular with a plurality of support posts on the crossbeam and a support post on the longitudinal beam. Advantageously, the support posts are provided at the ends or near the ends of transverse beams and longitudinal beams, or below the ends.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the driving module may have heels on which the main carrier comes to lie partially. In particular, paragraphs may be provided as a boundary of the open to one side of the driving module recess. The paragraphs can also be formed by the combination of support chassis and batteries or battery housing.

According to a further idea of the invention, the recess open to one side of the driving module can have a widening at a distance from this side, in particular at a closed end of the recess. When driving under the load module, the central support post enters the recess, namely in the direction of the closed end of the recess. To maneuver or fine-adjust the position broadening in this area is particularly advantageous. Preferably, the width of the recess in the area of widening is 150% to 300% of the width, moreover.

According to a further aspect of the invention, one or more of the support posts may be provided with wheels, in particular two out of three support posts. Preferably, the third support post or a foot thereof is rotatable about a vertical axis. This facilitates the positioning of the load module for receiving by the driving module.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the load module and / or the driving module may have connecting means for the fixed but detachable connection of the two modules. Suitable connection means for this purpose are known in principle, for example the twistlocks provided for fastening containers or lockable bolts or connecting means of another type.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the load module and / or the travel module can have centering means for better positioning of the load module on the travel module. With the aid of the centering means, a precisely defined position of the load module on the travel module can be achieved. The centering means can also be connecting means, for example lockable conical bolts in conically shaped receptacles.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the load module and the driving module can have connections for transmitting electrical energy and / or signals. A transmission of signals is used in particular to control functions in the other module. Preferably, electrical energy is transmitted from the driving module to the load module, for example for lighting, heating and / or cooling.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the driving module can be autonomous or semi-autonomous to be driving. The technique required for this is already known and / or in the testing.

The invention also relates to a load module with standing device and three support posts, namely with two lateral, opposite support posts and a central support post with distance to an imaginary line, which connects the two lateral support posts together, and for use with a driving module with suspension and drive motor ,

The invention also relates to a driving module with chassis, drive motor and a recess open to one side, in particular to a rear side, and for use with a load module, as described above.

• 1 Fahrmodul und Lastmodul getrennt voneinander in Parkstellung,
• 2 Fahrmodul und Lastmodul entsprechend 1 zusammengefügt zu einem Fahrzeug, also in Fahrstellung,
• 3 Fahrmodul und Lastmodul entsprechend 1, jedoch ohne Aufbauten,
• 4 das vereinfachte Fahrmodul gemäß 3,
• 5 das Lastmodul gemäß 1, jedoch mit von einem Hauptträger abgenommener Frachtzelle,
• 6a den Hauptträger des Lastmoduls gemäß 5,
• 6b den Hauptträger entsprechend 6a, jedoch mit abgewandelter Stehvorrichtung,
• 7a eine Draufsicht auf ein Tragchassis des Fahrmoduls,
• 7b eine Abwandlung des Tragchassis gemäß 7a,
• 7c eine Abwandlung des Tragchassis gemäß 7a,
• 8a eine weitere Abwandlung des Tragchassis in der Draufsicht,
• 8b eine weitere Abwandlung des Tragchassis in der Draufsicht,
• 9 einen Querschnitt durch Tragchassis des Fahrmoduls und Hauptträger des Lastmoduls,
• 10a eine Abwandlung des Querschnitts von Fahrmodul und Lastmodul gemäß 9,
• 10b eine weitere Abwandlung des Querschnitts von Fahrmodul und Lastmodul gemäß 9.

Further features of the invention will become apparent from the description, moreover, and from the claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it:

• 1 Driving module and load module separated from each other in parking position,
• 2 Driving module and load module accordingly 1 assembled to a vehicle, so in driving position,
• 3 Driving module and load module accordingly 1 but without superstructures,
• 4 the simplified driving module according to 3 .
• 5 the load module according to 1 but with a cargo compartment removed from a main carrier,
• 6a the main carrier of the load module according to 5 .
• 6b the main carrier accordingly 6a , but with a modified standing device,
• 7a a plan view of a supporting chassis of the driving module,
• 7b a modification of the supporting chassis according to 7a .
• 7c a modification of the supporting chassis according to 7a .
• 8a a further modification of the supporting chassis in plan view,
• 8b a further modification of the supporting chassis in plan view,
• 9 a cross section through the support chassis of the drive module and main carrier of the load module,
• 10a a modification of the cross section of driving module and load module according to 9 .
• 10b a further modification of the cross section of driving module and load module according to 9 ,

A preferably autonomously driving vehicle 20 consists here at least of a driving module 21 and a load module for storage 22 , According to 1 the driving module has a chassis with four wheels 23 , a carrying chassis 24 , Body structures 25 , a battery arrangement 26 as an energy store and a drive motor, not shown. Furthermore, there may be control electronics, electrical and electronic connections for connection to corresponding terminals of the load module 22 , Connecting means for fixed but detachable connection to the load module 22 and centering means for facilitating the positioning of the drive module 21 under the load module 22 ,

The wheels 23 together form a rectangular load zone, within which preferably a center of gravity of the load module 22 on the driving module 21 rests.

The load module 22 has a standing device 27 on, with a front, central support post 28 and rear, side support posts 29 . 30 , The standing device 27 here includes a T-shaped main beam 31 with rear crossbeam 32 and central stringer 33 , On the standing device 27 is fixed but detachable a cargo cell 34 held. This is like most other components shown only schematically and can be provided as a simple cargo space for piece goods or, for example, as a passenger compartment with seats and luggage rack. The cargo cell can 34 a floor 35 have on the standing device 27 namely on the main carrier 31 is attached.

Between freight cell 34 and standing device 27 a coupling device, not shown, may be provided, such as a coupling plate. Accordingly, cargo cell can 34 and standing device 27 be directly connected to each other or by means of the coupling device.

The central support post 28 is below a central longitudinal axis ML the cargo cell 34 positioned and in front of a central transverse axis MQ , please refer 5 ,

Furthermore, at the load module 22 be present control electronics, electrical and electronic connections for connection with corresponding connections of the drive module 21 , Connecting means for fixed but detachable connection to the driving module 21 and centering means for Simplification of the positioning of the load module 22 on the driving module 21 ,

The support posts 28 . 29 . 30 are preferably hinged out of the 1 . 3 . 5 . 6a . 6b shown vertical downward position in a horizontal upward position or in an obliquely directed with respect to the horizontal upward position. Both in down position and in upward position, the support posts 28 . 29 . 30 be locked.

Alternatively, the support posts can be raised, telescopic or otherwise adjustable in their absolute height.

At their lower ends are the support posts 28 . 29 . 30 with wider feet 36 . 37 . 38 provided, see in particular 6a , As in 6b Alternatively, roles can be represented RL , RMan be provided at the ends of the support posts, here at the central support post 28 and at the main direction of travel (arrow 39 ) left support post 30 , Besides, the foot is 36 the right support post 29 in this embodiment rotatable about a vertical axis.

The role RLthe left support post 30 is aligned in the direction of travel, the role RM the central support post 28 transverse to the direction of travel. This allows the load module 22 with little effort, including manually, to the right rear support post 29 be rotated. This is advantageous, for example, when parking and picking up the load module 22 on a right-hand lane edge, preferably applicable in countries with legal traffic. In countries with left-hand traffic is advantageously on the right support post 36 provided in the direction of travel roller.

For example, the process looks like this:

The vehicle with driving module 21 and load module 22 moves backwards at an angle to a right-hand edge of the road. The support posts 28 . 29 . 30 are moved from the up position to their down position. The chassis of the driving module 21 is adjustable, so the wheels 23 relative to the supporting chassis 24 be raised. This will touch the foot 36 and the roles RL . RM the floor and the load module 22 lifts (relative to the driving module) a little way from the driving module 21 from. Then the driving module drives 21 forward in the direction of the longitudinal beam 33 , After the load module 22 is free, it can be about the support post 29 be pivoted to an orientation parallel to the roadway edge. This pivoting movement can be performed manually. To pick up the load module 22 the said steps are carried out in reverse order.

The driving module 21 or the supporting chassis 24 and preferably also the battery arrangement 26 have a recess open to the rear of the vehicle 40 on that in the 3 . 4 . 7a . 7b . 7c is designed as a straight, longitudinal slot. In this case, the recess preferably extends over a third to a half of the length of the supporting chassis 24 , Other aspect ratios are possible. In addition, the recess 40 , as shown in the figures, be conical, with narrowing width, starting from the rear side of the vehicle.

The battery arrangement 26 has in plan view a similar outer circumference, also in the region of the recess, as the supporting chassis 24 on. However, the outer circumference of the battery arrangement 26 opposite the outer periphery of the supporting chassis 24 slightly inwardly offset, in particular in the region of the recess 40 , This is around the recess 40 a paragraph 41 or supernatant of the supporting chassis 24 formed, see also 9 , By the paragraph 41 or supernatant is the battery arrangement 26 better protected against mechanical stress. In addition, the longitudinal beam 33 on the heel 41 to come to rest. The recess 40 is also for the inclusion of the central day support 28 when merging driving module 21 and load module 22 intended.

7a shows in plan view the simplest form of supporting chassis 24 and battery arrangement 26 namely, a simple rectangle with recess at the rear. According to 7b can also front and rear side recesses 42 . 43 for the wheels 23 be provided. 7c shows a further modification. There has the support chassis 24 on its rear side, lateral, rearward extensions 44 on which the function of side supports for the load module 22 can have. Also, between the extensions 24 or on the same resting on the transom 32 of the load module 22 be provided.

8a shows a modification to the embodiment of 7a , The recess 40 is at its closed end with a broadening 49 provided, which has a rectangular peripheral shape. The broadening 49 facilitates maneuvering of the central day support 28 when picking up and setting down the load module 22 ,

8b shows at the closed end of the recess 40 a broadening 50 of round or elliptical peripheral shape. Here too the broadening serves 50 the better handling of the central support post 28 ,

10a shows a modification 9 in the profile of the longitudinal beam 33 , This is here stepped in cross-section formed with an upper wider part 45 and a lower, narrower part 46 , This is laterally on the wider profile part 45 a down-facing paragraph 47 formed on the heel 41 can rest. It should as possible a support of the soil 35 on the battery arrangement 26 be avoided.

In the embodiment according to 10b is compared to the embodiment according to 10a additionally a lateral profile 48 underneath the ground 35 provided, which is on the support chassis 24 can support the edge. This variant is particularly suitable for a load module 22 for taking heavy loads.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

20

vehicle

21

driving module

22

load module

23

bikes

24

supporting chassis

25

vehicle bodies

26

battery assembly

27

standing device

28

central support post

29

rear support post

30

rear support post

31

main carrier

32

crossbeam

33

stringers

34

load cell

35

ground

36

foot

37

foot

38

foot

39

direction of travel

40

recess

41

paragraph

42

recesses

43

recesses

44

projections

45

wider profile part

46

narrower profile part

47

paragraph

48

lateral profiles

49

widening

50

widening

ML

central longitudinal axis

MQ

Central transverse axis

RL

role

RM

role

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0496309 A1 [0002]
• DE 19721121 A1 [0002]
• US 6139248 [0002]
• US 2003/0057663 A1 [0002]
• WO 2005/018985 A1 [0002]
• DE 102013114841 A1 [0002]

Claims (18)

Vehicle (20) with drive module (21) and load module (22) separable therefrom, and having the following features: a) the driving module (21) has a chassis, a drive motor and in particular an energy store for this purpose and is provided for receiving the load module (22), b) the load module (22) has a standing device (27) with at least three support posts (28, 29, 30), namely two lateral, opposing support posts (29, 30) and a central support post (28) at a distance from an imaginary Line connecting the two lateral support posts (29, 30), c) in a driving position of the vehicle (20), the driving module (21) carries the load module (22), in a parking position the load module (22) rests on the support posts (28, 29, 30), d) the driving module (21) has a to one side of the driving module (21) open recess (40), namely to the entrance of the central support bracket (28). Vehicle after Claim 1 , characterized in that the recess (40) to a rear side of the driving module (21) is open. Vehicle after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the recess (40) has at least one of the following features: a) the recess (40) extends over at least a quarter of the length of the drive module (21) or over one third of the length of the load module (22), b ) the recess (40) is slit-shaped, with sections, predominantly or generally parallel edges, c) the recess (40) is partially, predominantly or conically formed, with narrowing width, starting from the side of the driving module (21). Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the support posts (28, 29, 30) from a downward position in an upward position movable, in particular liftable, hinged or telescopic. Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the chassis of the driving module (21) relative to a supporting chassis (24) thereof is vertically variable, at least between a lower position and an upper position. Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the driving module (21) batteries (26) has as energy storage, which are partially or predominantly provided below the load module (22), in particular without the load module (22) on the batteries (26) is supported. Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 6 , characterized in that the driving module (21) has a supporting chassis (24) with lateral recesses (42, 43) for receiving parts of the chassis. Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 7 , characterized in that the driving module (21) has lateral supports or extensions (44) for limiting a free cross-section provided for the load module (22). Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that the load module (22) has a preferably T-shaped main carrier (31), in particular with the support posts (28, 29, 30) on crossbar (32) and longitudinal beams (33) of the main carrier (31). Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 9 , characterized in that the driving module (21) paragraphs (41), on which the main carrier (31) comes to rest partially. Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that on one side of the driving module (21) open recess (40) at a distance from this side has a widening (49, 50), in particular at a closed end of the recess (40). Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 11 , characterized in that one or more of the support posts (28, 29, 30) are provided with wheels, in particular two of three support posts. Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 12 , characterized in that load module (22) and / or driving module (21) connecting means for fixed but detachable connection of the two modules (21, 22). Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 13 , characterized in that load module (22) and / or driving module (21) centering means for better positioning of the load module (22) on the driving module (21). Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 14 , characterized in that load module (22) and driving module (21) have terminals for transmitting electrical energy and / or signals. Vehicle after one or more of the Claims 1 to 15 , characterized in that the driving module (21) is autonomous or semi-autonomous driving. Load module (22) with standing device (27) and three support posts, namely with two lateral, opposite support posts (29, 30) and a central support post (28) at a distance from an imaginary line, which the two lateral support posts (29, 30) interconnects and for use with a drive module (21) with chassis and drive motor. Driving module (21) with chassis, drive motor and a recess open to one side (40), in particular to a rear side, and for use with a load module according to Claim 17 ,

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