DE102017214836A1 - Device for protecting an attachable consumer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for cooperation with a protective device that can be connected thereto by a consumer (V),
Wherein the device (1) has a switch (S), wherein the switch (S) is suitable for interrupting the supply of the connectable consumer (V),
• wherein the switch (S) is regularly or irregularly controlled so that the supply of the connectable consumer (V) is briefly interrupted.

Description

background

Numerous devices for protecting an attachable consumer are known from the prior art. At the same time, consumers should be understood in general terms. Devices for protecting a consumer may e.g. Be overvoltage protection devices and / or overcurrent protection devices. For example, to protect against overvoltage events, overvoltage protection devices, e.g. a gas-filled surge arrester used.

In particular, when operating on DC power networks, such as e.g. in photovoltaic or wind turbines, however, there is a risk that a once-fired arc, e.g. in an overvoltage protection device or at a switch can not (without further) be deleted. However, such "standing" arcs represent a serious risk of fire. On the other hand, however, the overvoltage protection devices and / or a switch are sustainably damaged by a standing arc, so that plant safety itself is endangered. In addition, such powerful arcs also affect other parts of a supply network, as usually the voltage breaks down.

In the past, therefore, monitoring devices were provided which detect a standing arc and actively actuate a separator. For example, optical components of an arc were evaluated to detect a (stationary) arc. However, these systems require shielding from ambient light to work safely. Other systems evaluated the frequency components of the current to conclude a standing arc. However, this means a comparatively high technical and thus costly effort.

Object of the invention

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a technically simple and cost-effective device that realizes the desired safety idea.

Brief description of the invention

The object is achieved by a device for cooperation with an attachable protective device of a consumer, wherein the device has a switch, wherein the switch is adapted to interrupt the supply of the connectable consumer, wherein the switch is regularly or irregularly controlled so that the supply the connectable consumer is interrupted for a short time.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims and the description.

list of figures

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to preferred embodiments.

• 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau gemäß Ausführungsformen der Erfindung,
• 2 einen zeitlichen Verlauf der Spannung gemäß Ausführungsformen der Erfindung,
• 3 einen weiteren zeitlichen Verlauf der Spannung gemäß Ausführungsformen der Erfindung,
• 4 einen erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau gemäß Ausführungsformen der Erfindung,
• 5 einen erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau gemäß Ausführungsformen der Erfindung, und
• 6 einen beispielhaften Aufbau von Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.

It shows

• 1 a construction according to the invention according to embodiments of the invention,
• 2 a time course of the voltage according to embodiments of the invention,
• 3 a further time course of the voltage according to embodiments of the invention,
• 4 a construction according to the invention according to embodiments of the invention,
• 5 a construction according to the invention according to embodiments of the invention, and
• 6 an exemplary structure of embodiments of the invention.

Detailed description

Hereinafter, the invention will be illustrated in more detail with reference to the figure. It should be noted that different aspects are described, which can be used individually or in combination. That Any aspect may be used with different embodiments of the invention unless explicitly illustrated as a mere alternative.

Furthermore, in the following, for the sake of simplicity, usually only one entity will be referred to. Unless explicitly stated, however, the invention may also have several of the entities concerned. As such, the use of the words "a," "an" and "an" is to be understood merely as an indication that at least one entity is used in a simple embodiment.

Inventive devices 1 are for cooperation with a consumer's protective device that can be connected to it V designed. The device 1 has a switch S on, with the switch S is suitable to supply the connectable consumer V or the protective device PTS to interrupt. It should be noted that the switch S can also be part of another institution and is used within the scope of the invention only for a further purpose.

The desk S is controlled in regular operation regularly or irregularly so that the supply of the connectable consumer V is temporarily interrupted.

The short-term interruption t _a is designed so that it compared to the switch-on time t _e on the side of the consumer, ie U _a not recognized as a power failure.

Typically, the short-term interruption is t _a up to about 20 ms. Typical tolerances are +/- 20%.

On the other side is the momentary interruption t _a to choose so that an arc can erase.

Typically, the short-term interruption is t _a more than about 0.5 ms. Typical tolerances are +/- 20%.

Within these coarse limits, fine tuning based on eg following currents or possible short-circuit currents can be carried out. Roughly estimated for a stream I ₁ ~ 7 A a brief interruption t _a ~ 4 ms, for one stream I ₁ ~ 10 A a brief interruption t _a ~ 10ms, and for a stream I ₁ ~ 40 A a brief interruption t _a ~ 16 ms to set.

The switch-on times te, or the maximum distance between two short interruptions t _a is to be chosen so that a downstream consumer V and / or a downstream overvoltage device PTS not be destroyed. That is, the invention converts an applied (DC) voltage into a pulsed (DC) voltage, the short-term interruptions t _a can be regular or irregular.

As a result, regardless of the voltage provided (i.e., in particular, when the distance of the momentary break te is less than half the period of an AC voltage), (additional) zero positions are provided which enable erasure of an arc.

That is, instead of active monitoring, a forced deletion period is inserted so that it is for one or more downstream consumers V not disturbing.

Preferably, such an arrangement - as in the 1 . 4 and 5 shown - behind a voltage source Uo and preferably behind a possible smoothing capacity C be present.

Thus, the security of supply of a connected consumer V increases and the use of an effective overvoltage protection simplified, because you can save time-consuming measures for the follow current limiting of protective devices.

The times are preferred t _a and t _e chosen so that both the fundamental wave, as well as high-amplitude harmonics so superimposed on the network AC voltage component are in a frequency range below that of the DIN EN 61000-6-3 and the DIN EN 61000-6-4 or whose successors are defined limit values.

Other standards may also set upper limits for temporary interruptions t _a define (eg DIN EN 61131-2 ) and should be taken into account when used accordingly.

In one embodiment of the invention, the device provides 1 apart from the brief interruption by activation of the switch S essentially a DC voltage to the consumer V to disposal.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the turn-off time is none other than 2 ms.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the distance t _e between two consecutive off times t _a greater than 1 s.

In embodiments of the invention, the device is an overvoltage protection device or a power supply unit or an overcurrent protection device or a circuit breaker for overcurrent and short-circuit protection. That the function of the device can be easily combined with other tasks. In this case, in addition to a spatially parallel arrangement and mixing devices may be provided in which individual components are used for different purposes.

For example, the device may fail in case of a detected short circuit KS at the connectable consumer V (please refer 4 ) set the switch-off time longer than 1 s to avoid damage. Such an operation is in 3 shown as a voltage curve. That means in case of a short circuit KS become the on / off times t _e / t _a set differently, for example, the cancellation of a short circuit KS to be able to recognize.

For example, the times will be t _e and t _a exchanged. This prevents that the short-circuit current can flow permanently.

Furthermore, the device can 1 a (unidirectional) telecommunications device FM exhibit. This telecommunications device can signal, for example, a malfunction and / or a short circuit or other conditions via a suitable interface.

Alternatively or additionally, the device 1 also have a bidirectional communication interface I / O. In addition to the functions of the telecommunication device, the device can also be used, for example, via the bidirectional communication interface I / O 1 be parameterized. For example, the times t _a and t _e or their relationship to each other, upper and lower limits, etc. are programmed.

The time base for t _a and t _e may be provided by suitable analog and / or digital circuits.

For example - as in 6 shown - a control device CON For example, a microcontroller may be provided to control the switch S to provide, and / or measured values I ₁ / I ₂ evaluate, and / or an external trigger ext and / or receive parameterizations from the bidirectional communication interface I / O and / or a malfunction and / or a short circuit or else other states via the telecommunication device FM or to provide the bidirectional communication interface I / O. For example, a fault current from the comparison of the currents I ₁ and I ₂ be determined, and in the case of a certain deviation, the switch S be switched off accordingly. On the other hand can out I ₁ and or I ₂ also be determined whether a short circuit exists.

Without further ado, the device can 1 also have fastening means (not shown) for a mounting rail.

In embodiments of the invention, the device 1 an integrated overvoltage protection element PTS to protect the connectable consumer ( V ), where the switch S regularly or irregularly controlled so that the supply of the connectable consumer V briefly interrupted, so that the voltage across the overvoltage protection element PTS under a holding voltage of the overvoltage protection element PTS sinks.

In particular, then the switch S (Periodic) are controlled so that the supply of the connectable consumer V briefly interrupted, so that the voltage across the overvoltage protection element PTS under a holding voltage of the overvoltage protection element PTS sinks.

In particular, the overvoltage protection element PTS selected from a group, gas discharge, spark gap selected

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

device

C

capacitor

V

consumer

S

switch

KS

short circuit

FM

telecommunications equipment

PTS

Snubber

CON

control device

IO

bidirectional communication interface

ext

external trigger

I ₁ , I ₂

electricity

U ₀

input voltage

U _a

output voltage

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN EN 61131-2 [0024]

Claims (12)

Device (1) for cooperation with a protective device of a consumer (V) connectable thereto, Wherein the device (1) has a switch (S), wherein the switch (S) is suitable for interrupting the supply of the connectable consumer (V), • wherein the switch (S) is regularly or irregularly controlled so that the supply of the connectable consumer (V) is briefly interrupted. Device (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the device, apart from the brief interruption by driving the switch (S) substantially provides a DC voltage to the load (V) is available. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switch-off time is none other than 2 ms. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance between two consecutive turn-off times is greater than 1 s. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device is an overvoltage protection device or a power supply unit or an overcurrent protection device or a circuit breaker. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that further in the case of a detected short circuit in the connectable consumer (V), the turn-off time is greater than 1 s. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has a telecommunication device (FM). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has a bidirectional communication interface (I / O). Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has fastening means for a mounting rail. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device has an overvoltage protection element (ÜSE) for protecting the connectable consumer (V), wherein the switch (S) is regularly or irregularly controlled so that the supply of the connectable consumer (V) is briefly interrupted, so that the voltage across the overvoltage protection element (ÜSE) falls below a holding voltage of the overvoltage protection element (ÜSE). Device (1) after Claim 10 , characterized in that the switch (S) is periodically controlled so that the supply of the connectable load (V) is briefly interrupted so that the voltage at the overvoltage protection element (ÜSE) falls below a holding voltage of the overvoltage protection element (ÜSE). Device (1) according to one of the preceding Claims 10 or 11 , characterized in that the overvoltage protection element (ÜSE) is selected from a group having, gas discharge, spark gap.

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