DE102015000497A1 - A method for acquiring trip-related information of public transport passengers with a vehicle-mounted control unit and a mobile display and input unit - Google Patents

Abstract

A secure method for the mobile registration of travel-related information of passengers in public transport with a vehicle-mounted control unit and a mobile display and input unit. 2. The automatic registration of the entry and exit of a passenger is carried out by using the Bluetooth 4.0 LE Smart Advertising Technique. The on-board control unit broadcasts own identity information received by a mobile display and input unit. 3. When a passenger leaves the public transport system, the passenger's mobile display and input unit no longer receives information about their own identity of the vehicle-mounted control unit, so that the exit is automatically detected. 4. By storing passenger-related information of passengers through an external guidance and billing system, information may be used to calculate personalized tariffs, to check tickets, to determine the utilization of lines / routes, to optimize the route / route plan, to dispose of public transport Means of transport, for predicting the usage / predictive analysis of public transport, etc. can be used. 5. By using an external guidance and billing system, this procedure is open for use by various billing service providers and / or billing systems. 6. This procedure ensures that in case of intentional or unintentional termination of a communication connection between the smartphone and the central external control and accounting unit resp. route-related information is logged between the smartphone and the control unit until the last station transmitted to the central external control and accounting unit.

Description

The invention relates to a secure method for the mobile detection of travel-related information of passengers in public transport with a vehicle-mounted control unit and a mobile display and input unit.

definitions

Under public transport here are all used in public transport as vehicles, such as buses, trolleybuses, trams, subways, suburban trains, trains, cable cars or vehicles of trains of special design understood.

By journey-related information is personal information (eg user identification, start, destination and time of a ride, stop information, holding or service request) and distance-related information (line or route name, stop information, Linlenkontextinformationen) understood that a vehicle-mounted control unit public transport or a mobile display and input unit provides.

Under a vehicle-mounted control unit is embedded in the on-board electronics of a public transport technical system consisting of a housing, a board with a microprocessor and multiple electronic components, an interface to the on-board electronics of a public transport, a power supply and a wireless data transmission device understood.

A wireless data transmission device is a technical system comprising at least one antenna and at least one transmitting and receiving unit with which information (eg, travel-related information from a vehicle-mounted control unit to at least one mobile display and input unit) can be transmitted via wireless communication techniques (e.g. B. IEEE 802.11 (WLAN) . IEEE 802.15.x (Bluetooth, ZigBee) . IEEE 802.21 (MIH) ) and / or via mobile radio techniques (eg GPRS, GSM, EDGE, UMTS, LTE).

A mobile display and input unit is understood to be a mobile terminal (smartphone, tablet, phablet, etc.) as a technical system consisting of a wireless data transmission device and a display and input unit.

"Secured" means maintaining the confidentiality, integrity and identity of the ride-related information as well as the technical supervision of the construction, maintenance and degradation of a bidirectional wireless communication link between a mobile display and input unit, a vehicle-mounted control unit and an external central control - and accounting unit understood.

problem

For the registration of journey-related information of a passenger of a public transport should be both a registration of the boarding (Be-In / Check-In) of the passenger as well as the registration of the exit (Be-Out / Check-Out) of the passenger at a stop. Furthermore, the arrival of a bus stop should be logged during the performance of the transport service.

The registration, both at the beginning of the transport service should be made manually by the passenger (check-in) or automatically by a technical system (Be-In), as well as to complete the transport service -. B. Exit a passenger at a stop - the registration manually (check-out) or automatically by a technical system (Be-Out) is to take place.

Intentional and unintentional erroneous registrations are to be avoided by promptly automatically registering at the beginning or end of a transport service by a technical system as soon as a manual action by a passenger in a defined time interval is absent.

The storage of the journey-related information of passengers should be done either by a central external control and accounting unit or by a vehicle-mounted control unit.

The prior art methods described below can not be used to solve the above-mentioned problem, so a new solution is required.

State of the art

The recording of journey-related information is carried out with tachographs for motor vehicles according to §57a STVZO. The principles / scope, design and installation / test are laid down in Regulation (EEC) No 3821/85. This Regulation does not apply to motor vehicles used for the carriage of passengers by regular service when the line length does not exceed 50 km.

A tachograph includes a tachometer with connected pen, which records driving and rest times, driving time interruptions, additional driven kilometers and the speed of travel analog or digital over time. This recorded information is driver-related and personalized via a personal driver card (eg speedometer disk, chip card).

In the EP 1924953 A1 . DE 10 2004 030 869 A1 . DE 10 2013 100 665 A1 . US 3197779 A described methods and devices focus on the hardware engineering structure of a tachograph for the detection and secure storage of driver-related information.

In US 6390365 B1 . US 20110161140 A1 describes methods and devices that store and manage information about a toll calculation with an on-board unit (OBU). In these methods, wireless data transmission techniques and cameras are used, on the one hand, to exchange information between spatially distributed systems and, on the other hand, to capture further information for calculating a toll.

In DE 34 44 044 A1 . DE 198 08 381 A1 . DE 197 52 056 A1 describes the hardware structure of a taximeter with taximeter module, program memory, data memory, wireless communication interfaces, input / output interfaces, transceiver units, display terminal and printer terminal for calculating and displaying a fare DE 33 12 155 A1 and DE 10 200 502 1125 B3 methods are described as dependence on a distance traveled or waiting time and a set tariff a fare is calculated and displayed and for the aforementioned hardware engineering structure is used.

In DE 3624752 A1 . DE-PS 2134838 and DE-0S 2608251 Electronic taximeters are described to store the trip-related data. The assignment of data via driver-specific key switch as well as access to this data only authorized persons with a key switch is enabled. In DE 3624752 A1 the procedure is extended by passenger-related key switches.

solution

The automatic registration of the entry and exit of a passenger is carried out using the Bluetooth 4.0 LE Smart Advertising Technique. The on-board control unit broadcasts its own identity (UUID, Major and Minor) information received by a mobile display and input unit.

• • Hierdurch wird der Beginn der Beförderungsleistung dokumentiert. Solange von der fahrzeuggebundenen Steuerungseinheit die Informationen zur eigenen Identität im Broadcast-Verfahren durch die Bluetooth 4.0 LE Smart Advertising Technik bereitgestellt und von einer mobilen Anzeige- und Eingabeeinheit empfangen werden, werden sowohl zu Beginn einer Beförderungsleistung als auch während der Durchführung einer Beförderungsleistung bei jeder Änderung eines Zustands (z. B. Haltestellenwechsel, Serviceanforderung, Ausstieg) fahrtenbezogene Informationen von der fahrzeuggebundenen Steuerungseinheit an die mobile Anzeige- und Eingabeeinheit des Fahrgasts und anschließend über eine drahtlose bidirektionale Kommunikationsverbindung von dieser mobilen Anzeige- und Eingabeeinheit an eine zentrale externe Leit- und Abrechnungseinheit übermittelt.
• • Hierdurch wird die Durchführung der Beförderungsleistung dokumentiert. Beim Ausstieg eines Fahrgasts aus einem öffentlichen Verkehrsmittel werden durch die mobile Anzeige- und Eingabeeinheit des Fahrgasts die Informationen zur eigenen Identität der fahrzeuggebundene Steuerungseinheit nicht mehr empfangen, so dass keine auch fahrtenbezogene Informationen an eine zentrale externe Leit- und Abrechnungseinheit übermittelt werden können.
• • Hierdurch wird das Ende der Beförderungsleistung dokumentiert. Die manuelle Registrierung des Zustiegs und des Ausstiegs eines Fahrgasts erfolgt durch eine mobile Anwendung (App), die auf der mobilen Anzeige- und Eingabeeinheit eines Fahrgasts installiert ist. Bei dieser Art der Registrierung werden ebenfalls fahrtenbezogene Informationen – die teilweise von der fahrzeuggebundenen Steuerungseinheit bereitgestellt werden – von dieser mobilen Anzeige- und Eingabeeinheit mit einer drahtlosen Datenübertragungseinrichtung an eine zentrale externe Leit- und Abrechnungseinheit übermittelt.

Upon boarding a passenger in public transport, the passenger's mobile display and input unit will receive both this identity information and trip related information - which is partially provided by the on-board control unit. Via a wireless bidirectional communication connection of the mobile display and input unit, this information is transmitted to a central external control and accounting unit.

• • This documents the beginning of the transport service. As long as the on-board control unit provides its own identity broadcast information through the Bluetooth 4.0 LE Smart Advertising Technology and is received by a mobile display and input unit, both at the beginning of a transport service and during the performance of a transport service at each change a state (eg, bus stop change, service request, exit), travel-related information from the on-board control unit to the mobile display and input unit of the passenger, and then via a wireless bidirectional communication link from this mobile display and input unit to a central external guidance and accounting unit transmitted.
• • This documents the performance of the transport service. When a passenger leaves the public transport system, the information about the own identity of the vehicle-mounted control unit is no longer received by the mobile display and input unit of the passenger, so that no driver-related information can be transmitted to a central external guidance and accounting unit.
• • This documents the end of the transport service. Manual registration of boarding and boarding by a passenger is done by a mobile application (App) installed on the mobile display and input unit of a passenger. In this type of registration, also trip-related information - which is partially provided by the vehicle-mounted control unit - is transmitted from this mobile display and input unit with a wireless data transmission device to a central external guidance and accounting unit.

advantages

By retrofitting public transport with the vehicle-mounted control unit, the implementation of the method for the mobile recording of journey-related information is time, cost and resource-saving possible.

The use of wireless communication techniques to convey rides-related information increases the number of supported mobile display and input units (smartphone, tablet, phablet, etc.), thereby increasing the efficiency of the method.

Through the use of an external control and billing system, this method is open for use by various billing service providers and / or billing systems.

By storing the journey-related information of passengers through an external guidance and billing system, this information can be used to calculate personalized fares, check tickets, determine line / route utilization, optimize the line / route plan, dispose of public transport, for predicting the usage / predictive analysis of public transport, etc. can be used.

By using a vehicle-mounted control unit, it is also possible to trigger services (for example, a stop request or boarding assistance) to the driver of a public means of transport via a mobile display and input unit.

By using a vehicle-mounted control unit, personal and distance-related information can be exchanged directly between the public transport and the mobile display and input device of a passenger without the aid of a central external guidance and billing unit.

By using a vehicle-mounted control unit, the filtering of trip-related information according to various criteria is made possible.

embodiment

A control unit is integrated into the integrated public information system (IBIS) of a public transport. The power supply of the vehicle-mounted control unit via the electrical system of the public transport. The control unit uses Bluetooth 4.0 LE as a wireless bidirectional communication link and provides route-related information to a smartphone, tablet, phablet, etc. - as a mobile display and input unit.

Premise:

The prerequisite for the use of this method for the mobile recording of journey-related information of passengers in public transport is its personal registration to a central external control and billing unit, which must be done with a mobile application (App).

The passenger of a public transport uses a smartphone, tablet or phablet with Bluetooth 4.0 LE technology for registration and display of trip-related information. In the case of the smartphone, etc., both the Bluetooth communication technology and the transmission of mobile data via mobile radio technologies are activated and authorized.

Using a mobile application (app) on his smartphone, a passenger can manually -. B. by pressing a button - documenting his boarding in a public transport (check-in). Alternatively, the Bluetooth 4.0 LE technology is used on the smartphone of a passenger, so that the approach to a public transport can be automatically detected by the Bluetooth Advertising functionality of the vehicle-mounted control unit (Be-In).

By a mobile application (App) this approach is registered and filtered out via the vehicle-mounted control unit, the stop of the approach from the route network. Ride-related information is formed as an aggregated record of date, time, user ID, stop and line by a mobile application (app). This trip-related information is transmitted by the smartphone via mobile technologies (eg LTE / UMTS / EDGE / GSM) to a central external guidance and accounting unit.

During the use of public transport is the smartphone as soon as the vehicle-based control unit, the achievement of a stop was determined and transmitted via Bluetooth 4.0 LE to the mobile application (App), this rides related information as an aggregated record of date, time, user ID , Bus stop and line from the smartphone via mobile radio technologies (eg LTE / UMTS / EDGE / GSM) to a central external control and accounting unit.

An exit is documented manually via a mobile application (app) on the smartphone by a passenger - by pressing a Buttons - (check-out). The automatic documentation of an exit (Be-Out) from a passenger is made by using the Bluetooth Advertising functionality, ie the Bluetooth advertising sent by the on-board control unit is no longer received by the smartphone. Ride-related information is formed as an aggregated record of date, time, user ID, stop and line by the mobile application (app). This trip-related information is transmitted by the smartphone via LTE / UMTS / EDGE / GSM to a central external control and accounting unit.

• • bei gewolltem oder ungewollten Abbruch einer LTE/UMTS/EDGE/GSM Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen Smartphone und zentraler externer Leit- und Abrechnungseinheit,
• • bei Störung oder Verlust der Stromversorgung eines Smartphones,
• • bei gewolltem oder ungewolltem Abbruch einer Bluetooth 4.0 LE Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen Smartphone und Steuerungseinheit,

fahrtenbezogene Informationen bis zur letzten an die zentrale externe Leit- und Abrechnungseinheit übermittelter Haltestelle protokolliert wurden.This procedure ensures that

• In the event of intentional or unintentional termination of an LTE / UMTS / EDGE / GSM communication connection between the smartphone and the central external control and accounting unit,
• • in case of power failure or loss of a smartphone,
• • intentional or unintentional termination of a Bluetooth 4.0 LE communication connection between the smartphone and the control unit,

trip-related information was logged up to the last station transmitted to the central external control and billing unit.

A change of public transport (change) is recognized by the procedure as exit / entry.

This procedure also ensures that the fading of a transport service ("driving black") is made more difficult, as by a ticket inspector, a difference between last stored stop and real stop on the basis of trip-related information in a central external control and billing unit can be managed.

Differentiation to existing patent applications and utility models

In the DE 100 54 378 A1 . DE 41 12 472 A1 and DE 38 30 643 A1 The methods and devices described focus on commercial road freight traffic in accordance with the Federal Highway Expenditure Law (BFStrMG) and require toll stations at the borders of a closed toll road section of a route network whose detour is not possible. In DE 100 54 378 A1 the tollbooths are used for control as the route tracking is done by means of a navigation satellite system. In EP 0 616 301 B1 . EP 0 616 301 B1 and EP 0691 013 B1 billing of the user fee is done via a vehicle-based billing unit according to a prepaid or postpaid billing model (credit, credit, etc.), which requires that both route information and tariff and billing models are stored in the vehicle-based billing unit. In DE 100 54 378 A1 billing is carried out by a central clearinghouse on the basis of transmitted route information. In EP 0 816 301 B1 in several embodiments, a memory device is arranged in the environment-charge parameters (traffic density, emission load, etc.) and vehicle-specific charge parameters (speed, axle load, etc.) are deposited, which can be used to calculate the user fee for a toll road section.

These mentioned methods and devices can not be used for the mobile acquisition of information with mobile terminals for the calculation of route tariffs for passengers of public transport, since the necessary technical prerequisites in public transport are not met. In the EP 0 816 301 B1 The memory device described can not be used because it is not intended for integration into a vehicle-based communication bus for public transport (eg integrated on-board information system (IBIS) according to VDV 300).

Of the Standard ISO 11898 (CAN - Controller Area Network), which by the DIN EN 13149 (CANopen) can also be used to transmit information between different on-board components of public transport. In parallel with these standards, various national, European publicly funded and industrial projects (eg EBSF, AUTOSAR, DISTEL, IP-KOM-ÖV) have introduced further standards for the communication of information between different on-board components using the DIN ISO 7498 (Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Basic Reference Model: The basic model) has been developed, wherein for data transmission of the Standard IEEE 802.3 is used.

A route-based calculation of the fees for the use of a Wegstreckennetz finds z. B. Application in the implementation of the Federal Highway Exemption Act (BFStrMG) and follows the polluter pays principle. The basis for the calculation of the fees is the identification and documentation of used toll sections. This determination can be made by position determination / route tracking by means of a navigation satellite system (eg GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, etc.) with subsequent mapping of the coordinates on a road / map (Google Maps. OpenStreetMap, Apple Maps, Navteq, etc.), which are attributed accordingly. The determination can also be carried out by stationary checkpoints (eg cash registers, toll bridges), which document both the beginning and the end of the use of a section subject to toll.

The calculation of charges according to one or more tariff models (vehicle-specific, route-specific, time-specific) is carried out by a decentralized or central billing system, with prepaid or postpaid billing models being used for the billing. A decentralized accounting system is implemented by a vehicle-mounted control unit (eg OBU), while a central accounting system is implemented by a software system.

Appropriate systems and procedures for collecting, billing and optimizing usage fees are in EP 0 691 013 B1 . EP 1 517 271 A1 . DE 102 03 097 A1 . DE 100 54 378 A1 described.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Mobile display and input unit (smartphone, tablet, phablet)

2

control unit

3

Bidirectional wireless communication

4

board computer

5

Vehicle-bound communication bus

6

Stationary passenger information unit

7

Driver display and input unit

8th

Central external control and accounting unit

9

Public transportation

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 1924953 A1 [0015]
• DE 102004030869 A1 [0015]
• DE 102013100665 A1 [0015]
• US 3197779 A [0015]
• US 6390365 B1 [0016]
• US 20110161140 A1 [0016]
• DE 3444044 A1 [0017]
• DE 19808381 A1 [0017]
• DE 19752056 A1 [0017]
• DE 3312155 A1 [0017]
• DE 102005021125 B3 [0017]
• DE 3624752 A1 [0018, 0018]
• DE 2134838 [0018]
• DE 02608251 [0018]
• DE 10054378 A1 [0038, 0038, 0038, 0043]
• DE 4112472 A1 [0038]
• DE 3830643 A1 [0038]
• EP 0616301 B1 [0038]
• EP 0616301 [0038]
• EP 0691013 B1 [0038, 0043]
• EP 0816301 B1 [0038, 0039]
• EP 1517271 A1 [0043]
• DE 10203097 A1 [0043]

Cited non-patent literature

• IEEE 802.11 (WLAN) [0005]
• IEEE 802.15.x (Bluetooth, ZigBee) [0005]
• IEEE 802.21 (MIH) [0005]
• Standard ISO 11898 [0040]
• DIN EN 13149 (CANopen) [0040]
• DIN ISO 7498 [0040]
• Standard IEEE 802.3 [0040]

Claims (3)

Method for recording journey-related information in a vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle is equipped with a control unit ( 2 ) equipped with a vehicle-based communication bus ( 5 ) with the on-board computer ( 4 ) is connected bidirectionally and with a mobile display and input device ( 1 ) communicates bidirectionally wirelessly ( 3 ). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the wireless communication of the Bluetooth 4.0 LE Smart Advertising Technique ( 3 ) corresponds. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile output and input device ( 1 ) is a smartphone or a comparable mobile handset.

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