DE102014119259A1 - An apparatus for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit and a method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit includes a control module configured to generate a control signal for adjusting an impedance of a variable impedance matching circuit coupled to an antenna module. The control module is configured to generate the control signal based on a sensor signal received from a sensor circuit located in the vicinity of the antenna module. The sensor signal includes information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module.

Description

Technical area

The present disclosure relates to variable impedance matching, and more particularly to an apparatus for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit and a method thereof.

background

An existing mobile application (eg smartphones and / or tablets) may depend heavily on internal antenna efficiency. A mismatch of an antenna may be characterized by a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and a phase of the antenna impedance. An antenna impedance may have an ideal VSWR = 1 during a perfect match. In reality, however, VSWR values can reach up to between 11 and 13 during an antenna mismatch. This can lead to degraded performance, resulting in decreased mobile device behavior.

Brief description of the figures

Some examples of apparatus and / or methods will now be described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

1 a schematic representation of an apparatus for providing control signals for a variable impedance matching circuit shows;

2 shows a schematic representation of a transmitter arrangement comprising an apparatus for providing control signals for a variable impedance matching circuit;

3A to 3D show schematic representations of a code selection in an apparatus for providing control signals for a variable impedance matching circuit;

4A and 4B show code looping in an apparatus for providing control signals to a variable impedance matching circuit;

5 shows a schematic representation of a signal generating device;

6 a schematic representation of a transmitter of a transceiver, comprising an apparatus for providing control signals for a variable impedance matching circuit or a signal generating means;

7 a schematic representation of a mobile device 700 and / or a mobile telephone comprising an apparatus for providing control signals to a variable impedance matching circuit or signal generating means;

8th FIG. 10 shows a flowchart of a method for providing control signals for a variable impedance matching circuit. FIG.

Detailed description

Various examples will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some examples are shown. In the figures, the strengths of lines, layers and / or regions may be exaggerated for clarity.

Accordingly, while other examples of various modifications and alternative forms are suitable, the illustrative examples in the drawings are described in detail herein. However, it is to be understood that it is not intended to limit examples to the particular forms disclosed, but in contrast, the examples are intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the disclosure. Throughout the description of the figures, like reference numbers refer to the same or similar elements.

It should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it may be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or intermediate elements may be present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly" connected to another element, "connected" or "coupled," there are no intermediate elements. Other terms used to describe the relationship between elements should be construed in a similar fashion (eg, "between" versus "directly between," "adjacent" versus "directly adjacent," etc.).

The terminology used herein is intended only to describe examples and is not intended to be limiting of other examples. As used herein, the singular forms "one, one," and "that," are intended to include plural forms, unless otherwise stated. It is further understood that the terms "comprising,""comprising,""having," and / or "having" as used herein, indicate the presence of indicated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but not the presence or the addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which examples belong. Furthermore, it is understood that terms, for. For example, those defined in commonly-used dictionaries should be construed as having a meaning that is commensurate with their meaning in the context of the pertinent technique and not construed in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless expressly so defined.

Hereinafter, various examples relate to devices (eg, mobile device, cellular phone, base station) or components (eg, transmitters, transceivers) of devices used in wireless or mobile communication systems.

A mobile communication system may e.g. To one of the mobile communication systems standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) generation partnership project, e.g. Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE), GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN), High Speed Data High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) or Evolved UTRAN (ETR), Long Term Evolution (LTE) or Advanced LTE (LTE Advanced = LTE-A), or mobile communication systems with different standards, e.g. B. Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WIMAX) IEEE 802.16 or Wireless, Local Area Network (WLAN) IEEE 802.11 , generally any system based on time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), etc. The terms mobile communication system and mobile communication network may be used interchangeably.

The mobile communication system may include a plurality of transmission points or base station transceivers operable to communicate radio signals to a mobile transceiver. In these examples, the mobile communication system may include mobile transceivers, relay station transceivers, and base station transceivers. The relay station transceiver receivers and base station transceivers may be composed of one or more central units and one or more remote units.

A mobile transceiver or mobile device may be a smartphone, a mobile phone, a user equipment (UE), a laptop, a notebook, a personal computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a universal serial bus Connector (USB connector) (USB = Universal Serial Bus) to a tablet computer, a car, etc. A mobile transceiver or terminal may also be referred to as a UE or user according to 3GPP terminology. A base station transceiver may be located in the fixed or stationary part of the network or system. A base station transceiver may correspond to a radio remote head, a transmission point, an access point, a macro cell, a small cell, a microcell, a picocell, a femto cell, a metro cell, and so forth. The term small cell may refer to any cell that is smaller than a macrocell, i. H. a microcell, a picocell, a femtocell or a metro cell. In addition, a femto cell is considered to be smaller than a picocell, which is considered to be smaller than a microcell. A base station transceiver may be a wired network wireless interface that facilitates the transmission and reception of radio signals to a UE, a mobile transceiver, or a relay transceiver. Such a radio signal may coincide with radio signals, the z. B. standardized by 3GPP, or in general one or more of the above systems correspond. Thus, a base station transceiver may correspond to a NodeB, an eNodeB, a BTS, an access point, and so forth. A relay station transceiver may correspond to an intermediate network node in the communication path between a base station transceiver and a mobile station transceiver. A relay station transceiver may forward a signal received from a mobile transceiver to a base station transceiver or signals received from the base station transceiver to the mobile station transceiver.

The mobile communication system may be cellular. The term cell refers to a coverage area of radio services provided by a transmission point, a remote unit, a remote head, a remote radio head, a base station transceiver, a relay transceiver or a NodeB or an eNodeB. The terms cell and base station transceiver may be used interchangeably. In some examples, a cell may correspond to a sector. For example, sectors may be achieved using sector antennas that provide characteristic for covering an angular section around a base station transceiver. For example, in some examples, a base station transceiver or a remote unit may operate three to six cells covering sectors of 120 ° (in the case of three cells) and 60 ° (in the case of six cells), respectively. Similarly, a relay transceiver can set up one or more cells in its coverage area. A mobile transceiver may be registered with or associated with at least one cell, ie it may be associated with a cell such that data between the network and the mobile device in the coverage area of the associated cell using a dedicated channel, a dedicated link or link can be exchanged. A mobile transceiver may thus be registered or assigned directly or indirectly to a relay station or base station transceiver where indirect registration or assignment may be by one or more relay transceivers.

1 shows a schematic representation of a device 100 for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit.

The device 100 includes a control module 101 , which is designed to be a control signal 102 for adapting an impedance of at least part of a variable impedance matching circuit coupled to an antenna module.

The control module 101 is designed to be the control signal 102 based on a sensor signal 103 generated by a sensor circuit located near the antenna module.

The sensor signal 103 includes information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module.

Due to the adaptation of the variable impedance matching circuit based on a power actually radiated by the antenna module, the radiated power can be more accurately adjusted and / or controlled. This may, for example, lead to improved performance of a transmitter module in which the device is implemented.

The device 100 For example, it may include or be implemented on a semiconductor chip or die including circuitry for providing a variable impedance matching circuit control signal. For example, the device may 100 be formed to the control signal 102 for a variable impedance matching circuit of a transmitter, a receiver or a transceiver for the transmission of signals (eg radio frequency or radio frequency signals) and / or for receiving signals (eg baseband signals). The device 100 may be implemented in a mobile phone or a mobile device, for example.

The antenna module 106 For example, an internal element (eg integrated with the device 100 ) or an external element to be connected to the device. For example, the antenna module 106 be configured to radiate energy or power based on a radio frequency (radio wave) transmission signal generated by the transmitter module. Occasionally, the antenna module 106 for example, be susceptible to external interference (eg due to the position of the user's head or hand). These interferences can be, for example, a (load) impedance of the antenna module 106 which results in an impedance mismatch between a transmission line that provides an information signal to the antenna module 106 sent and then through the antenna module 106 should be radiated. For example, while the transmission line may have a characteristic impedance (eg, 50Ω), the antenna module will fit 106 possibly not to the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, for example, causing standing wave reflections caused by the antenna module mismatch.

The variable impedance matching circuit 104 may be configured to provide an impedance between a transmission line, which is a transmission module 105 with an antenna module 106 connects and adapt to an antenna module load impedance. For example, the variable impedance matching circuit 104 be formed to an impedance between the transmission line (eg, TRL = TRL) and the antenna module 106 or to vary so that maximum power transfer between the transmission line and the load (eg, the antenna module) can be performed. The variable Impedance matching circuit 104 For example, it may include at least one customizable impedance component. For example, the at least one adjustable impedance component may include at least one of a variable capacitor circuit and an adjustable inductor circuit for varying the impedance. For example, the variable impedance matching circuit 104 a customizable capacitor network or custom inductor network, or a network (eg, a T-network, L-network, or π-network) comprising, for example, a mixture of capacitors and inductors. By matching the impedance of the variable impedance matching circuit to the impedance of the antenna module, for example, reflected (radio) waves or reflected (radio) signals can be reduced. The variable impedance matching circuit 104 For example, an antenna tuner circuit may comprise an antenna tuner circuit.

The sensor circuit 113 can z. B. at a distance of 5 mm to 5 cm (or, for example, 5 mm to 20 mm or, for example, 5 mm to 10 mm) of the antenna module. The sensor circuit 113 may comprise a field probe circuit coupled to a detector circuit. For example, the detector circuit (eg, a Schottky diode detector or a Schottky diode rms detector (rm s = root mean square) may be configured to provide an RMS power of the electromagnetic EM signal (FIG. EM) (or the magnetic field component of the EM signal) determined by the antenna module 106 is radiated and through the field probe (sensor) circuit 113 is detected. The sensor circuit 113 may comprise at least one of a magnetoresistive coil, a Hall sensor circuit, a capacitive circuit, an inductive circuit and a microstrip inductor circuit, or any sensor circuit capable of generating a radio frequency electromagnetic (wave) signal to be detected, which is emitted (via the air or atmosphere) through the antenna module. The sensor circuit 113 can also z. B. coupled to the control module via one or more circuit components (eg, a Schottky diode RMS detector and an analog-to-digital ADC converter (ADC = Analog to Digital Converter) and / or a detector interface 113 can z. B. be formed to the power of the electromagnetic signal emitted by the antenna module, with a detection frequency, for. B. in a (detection) time interval between 10 microseconds and 30 microseconds to measure. For example, the sensor circuit 113 be configured to measure the power of the electromagnetic signal emitted by the antenna module in a time interval between 10 microseconds and 0.2 s. For example, the sensor circuit may be configured to repeatedly measure the power of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module every 10 μs to 30 μs (eg every 20 μs) or every 10 μs to 0.2 s.

The sensor circuit 113 may further be configured to generate the sensor signal based on a measurement of the power of the electromagnetic signal. The sensor signal 103 Provided by the sensor circuit to the control module and received by the control module may include information related to the power of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module. For example, the sensor signal 103 Comprising information related to a power of a magnetic field component of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module. Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the sensor signal may include information related to a power of an electric field component of the radiated electromagnetic signal. For example, the sensor circuit 113 may include a voltage or current proportional to the power of an electric field component of the radiated electromagnetic signal, or may include a value proportional to the power of an electric field component of the radiated electromagnetic signal.

The device 100 can with the transmitter module 105 be coupled or may be a transmitter module 105 comprising one or more circuit components (eg, power amplifiers and / or duplexers and / or local oscillator circuits and / or mixers) configured to upconvert a baseband signal to a radio frequency (radio frequency) transmit signal to be sent to the antenna module.

The transmitter module 105 may be part of a transceiver module, which may further include a receiver module, which may also include one or more circuit components configured to downconvert a high frequency signal received by the antenna module to a baseband signal.

The transmitter module 105 , the control module 101 and the variable impedance matching circuit 104 can be implemented on a conventional semiconductor die. The sensor circuit 113 may be implemented on a different (different) semiconductor die than the conventional semiconductor die.

The device 100 may further comprise a coupler module. The transmitter module 105 can be coupled to the variable impedance matching circuit (eg, the antenna tuner module) via the coupler module. The transmitter module may be coupled to the coupler module (eg, a directivity coupler module) via at least one transmission line, e.g. For example, a microstrip transmission line having a characteristic impedance (eg, 50 Ω) may be coupled.

For example, the coupler module may be configured to provide samples of the transmit signal and a reflected portion of the transmit signal (eg, a reflected signal) such that the transmit signal and the reflected signal may be individually measured. For example, the coupler module may be configured to provide a feedforward feedback signal based on the radio frequency transmit signal provided (or generated) by the transmitter module (to the antenna module). The forward transmit wave signal may be e.g. B. generated by the transmitter module and sent via the transmission line to the antenna module. For example, the coupler module may also be configured to provide a reverse feedback signal based on a reflected portion of the radio frequency transmit signal received by the antenna module (by the transmitter module). The backward feedback signal may be based, for example, on a reflected wave signal based on an impedance mismatch between the transmission line and the antenna module. The coupler module may be implemented, for example, by a directional coupler (or directionality coupler) (or as a directional coupler (or directional coupler)). In this way, the coupler module can be used to provide the samples of the transmit signal and the reflected signal for forward power and reflected power measurement.

The device 100 may include a feedback receiver module. For example, the coupler module may be configured to provide the feedforward feedback signal and the feedforward feedback signal to the feedback receiver module via at least one (further) transmission line and an attenuation module (for reducing an amplitude of the feedforward feedback signal or the feedforward feedback signal).

The feedback receiver module may include at least one detector (eg, a Radio Frequency (RF) detector and / or a phase detector configured to amplify the attenuated feedforward feedback signal and the attenuated reverse feedback signal receive (or detect). The feedback receiver module may include control circuitry or may be coupled to a control module (eg, control module 101 ), which may be configured to produce a reflection coefficient or voltage standing wave ratio value (VSWR value) based on the feedforward feedback signal (eg, a power of the feedforward feedback signal) and the feedforward feedback signal (e.g. B. a power of the reverse feedback signal) to measure. The feedback receiver module or control module (eg, control module 101 ) may also be configured, for example, to determine a phase offset value based on the feedforward feedback signal and the feedforward feedback signal (eg, a phase offset between the feedforward feedback signal and the feedforward feedback signal).

The determined phase offset value and VSWR value may be used to determine a control code (eg, a first or default default control code) that may be used by the control module to generate the control signal to adjust an impedance of the variable impedance matching circuit. The standard control code may be, for example, a control code by which a reasonable impedance match may be expected (eg, a control code with which a behavioral indicator has a threshold behavior value, such as a power delivered improvement (PDI) value). Fulfills). Other control codes may be tested, for example, to improve or optimize the behavioral value, e.g. To improve the performance delivery improvement value. For example, the other control codes to be tested may be selected based on the standard control code.

Using the feedback receiver module and / or the control module to determine the (first or initial) default control code may allow the standard control code to be easily determined (eg, by a reduced number of iterations). Optionally, in some examples, the feedback receiver module may not be included in the device. Instead of determining the (first or initial) default control code based on a VSWR amplitude and / or phase value determined by the feedback receiver module or control module, the default control code may be iteratively determined. However, this may require a greater number of iterations.

The control module 101 For example, it may be configured to generate the control signal based on a selected control code. Because the control module 101 the device 100 is trained, around the control signal 102 based on the sensor signal 103 can generate the control signal 102 be generated based on a power that is radiated by the antenna module.

The control module 101 For example, it may be configured to select a control code from a plurality of control codes stored in a memory module (eg, a nonvolatile memory circuit). The control module 101 For example, it may be configured to receive the control signal 102 for adjusting an impedance of at least part of the variable impedance matching circuit. In some examples, the plurality of control codes may be predetermined control codes associated with predetermined VSWR (amplitude) and phase values. The plurality of control codes may be arranged in one or more code sets, for example according to predetermined VSWR amplitude values.

The (at least one) control code may include impedance matching information for adjusting an impedance of at least one adjustable impedance component of the variable impedance matching circuit. For example, the variable impedance matching circuit may include between two and four variable impedance components (eg, capacitors or inductors). The impedance matching information may include, for example, at least one of a capacitance value and an inductance value for adjusting the impedance of at least a part of the variable impedance matching circuit.

The control module 101 For example, it may be configured to select a control code as a default match code (eg, during power on, the default control code may be based on a measured VSWR amplitude and phase value). The control module 101 For example, it may be configured to further generate a sequence of further control codes for generating a sequence of further control signals for adjusting an impedance of at least a portion of the variable impedance matching circuit (eg, the adjustable impedance components). For example, the control module 101 be configured to orbit the default matching code to identify a code that provides greater or maximum power to the antenna module. For example, the control module may be configured to select different control codes (at a selection frequency). The frequency of the code selection may be, for example, different or equal to the detection frequency of the detection measurements performed by the sensor circuit. In some examples, the control module may be configured to select different control codes for generating the control signal in a time interval between 10 μs and 30 μs.

For example, since the codes for tuning the variable impedance matching circuit are selected based on the power of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module, this may depend on the code selection of impedance deviations due to the variable impedance matching circuit itself (e.g., an antenna tuner ) reduce. For example, the generation of the control signal may also be less sensitive to fluctuations or interference due to load deviations in the antenna module or other circuit components (eg, a coupler circuit or circuit components of the printed circuit board).

An existing mobile application (smartphones, tablets) is highly dependent on internal antenna efficiency due to the influence (or interference) of human body parts on the antenna (eg, influence of hands and / or head). In the technical field, for example, these interferences may correspond to a strong mismatch of the internal antenna. A mismatch may be characterized, for example, by a new VSWR (eg, amplitude) and / or a new phase of the antenna impedance. By default, for example, the antenna impedance can be considered 50 Ω (VSWR = 1 and any angle). However, in cases of mismatch, for example, the VSWR can reach values of up to 11 to 13 and even more. Mismatch losses, along with converter gain losses, can reach values of 12 to 14 dB in some cases. Thus, for 2G (second generation wireless technology), for example, the power can drop from 1 watt to 63 mW. For example, 12 dB can cause the power to be 15.8 times smaller.

Placing the field sensor around (or near) the antenna, along with tracking algorithms, can measure the radiated power at all possible Z ANT (antenna impedances) due to head and / or hands (or other interference) increase significantly. In addition, the handling of the antenna tuner results in low sensitivity to tolerances of the antenna tuner (AT), the coupler, and printed circuit board (PCB) components (eg, board) a maximum available radiated power is ensured in any case for any applied frequency. An applied self-study algorithm for AT codes can improve the functionality. For example, stable solutions can be done much faster. A code set Rotation around a temporary optimal set (eg, a standard code set) can be used for the TX (eg, transmitter) and RX (receiver) chain of a transceiver, preventing only the TX from dominating and thus is made unbalanced.

The field sensor (eg the sensor circuit) 113 For example, it can be added to control the radiated power. This added sensor allows Z ANT (the impedance of the antenna module) to track easily. After Z ANT testing (eg, VSWR amplitude and phase testing using the coupler module and the feedback receiver) and selecting a new AT code (antenna tuner code) (e.g., a standard control code) begins For example, the firmware will loop through the codes around the selected code set (code looping), and the sensor will run tests on the code that gives greater performance. For example, the code with a higher performance can be named "newly updated". For example, the code circling of the "newly updated" code is immediately continued to find new optimal codes. The system therefore uses the best AT code set, which gives the highest performance in the antenna.

The field sensor (eg the sensor circuit) 113 may be placed near the antenna, which is sensitive enough to make conditional field measurements of the power radiated by the antenna module. For example, the sensor does not degrade antenna behavior. Physically, the sensor may be implanted or may be a chip inductor or a microstrip inductor coupled to the current feedback receiver (FBR) or the Schottky diode (eg, the Schottky diode detector) or even the receiver chain that functions as the RF power tester (RMS); connected is. For example, the sensor circuit may estimate all manipulations with the AT codes (antenna tuner codes) from the standpoint of the actual (eg, really) radiated (RMS) power.

2 shows a schematic representation of a transmitter arrangement 200 which comprises a device for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit 204 includes.

The transmitter arrangement 200 can at least one power amplifier 207 (PA = Power Amplifier), a coupler module 209 (eg, a radio frequency RF coupler), a feedback receiver module FBR 211 (for RF measurements), transmission lines (eg, TRL1 to TRL4), which may be pieces of 50 Ω microstrip lines and a variable impedance matching circuit 204 (eg a switchable antenna tuner AT). The transmitter arrangement 200 can be a transmitter module 205 (that the power amplifier (PA) 207 and other circuit components) and an antenna module 206 which may comprise a variable antenna variable impedance ANT ZX.

The transmitter module 205 For example, it may be configured to generate a radio frequency transmit signal from the transmitter module 205 to the antenna module 206 are sent to be radiated by the antenna module. For example, the transmitter module 205 be configured to at least upconvert (eg, and optionally amplify and filter) a baseband signal (eg, having a frequency bandwidth that is in the baseband range of less than 100 MHz or less than 500 MHz ) to a radio frequency range of the device. This may be accomplished by mixing the baseband signal with an oscillator signal to generate the radio frequency transmit signal (eg, a radio frequency signal) to be sent to an external receiver or provided to the antenna module.

The (radio frequency) transmission signal may, for example, comprise signal sections with one or more frequency bands (for example between 500 MHz and 10 GHz). The transmitter module 205 For example, it may further include a power amplifier 207 comprise or be coupled to amplify the high-frequency transmission signal. In some examples, the transmitter module 205 Be part of, or comprise, a transceiver module configured to upconvert baseband signals to radio frequency transmit signals and to downconvert radio frequency receive signals to low frequency baseband signals. The transmission signals may be transmitted and received, for example, by the antenna module.

The transmitter arrangement 200 can a duplexer module (DUP = duplexer) 208 include. The duplexer module 208 may be configured to make it possible to transmit or receive transmission signals with a transmission frequency and receiver signals with a different receiver frequency using the same antenna module. The transmitter (or transceiver) module 205 can with the duplexer module 208 be coupled. The duplexer module can be connected to the coupler module 209 be coupled via at least one transmission line TRL4.

The transmitter arrangement 200 can be a coupler module 209 include. The coupler module 209 can be between the transmitter module 205 and the antenna module 206 be (or be paired). For example, the coupler module may 209 between the transmitter module 205 and the variable impedance matching circuit 204 be (or be paired). For example, the coupler module may 209 between the duplexer module 208 and the variable impedance matching circuit 204 be (or be paired). For example, the transmitter module 205 with the variable impedance matching circuit 204 via the duplexer module 208 , the coupler module 209 and the at least one transmission line TRL4 be coupled. For example, the transmission line TRL4 may be the duplexer module 208 with the coupler module 209 couple.

For example, the coupler module 209 be configured to provide a feedforward feedback signal based on the radio frequency transmit signal provided by the transmitter module and a feedforward feedback signal based on a reflected portion of the radio frequency transmit signal received from the antenna module 206 is received to provide. The coupler module 209 can with the variable impedance matching circuit 204 be coupled via at least one transmission line TRL2.

The coupler module 209 (eg, implemented as a 4-port directional coupler or 2-port 3-port couplers) can have one input port, one output port, one forward-coupled port (F; F = Forward) and one backward-coupled port (R; R = Reverse). Port include. All ports can be matched to a characteristic impedance (eg to a 50 Ω load at wideband frequency). Control signals (eg FW / RV and eg E / D) can be generated by the control module 201 be generated to the coupling of the ports of the coupler module 209 to control. For example, the control signals may include coupling the forward-coupled port and the backward-coupled port, e.g. B. with the characteristic impedance (eg., A resistance) and / or with a damping module 212 Taxes. The input port can be used, for example, with the transmitter module 205 by an electrical connection or by one or more other electrical elements (eg, power amplifier and / or filter). For example, the output port may be configured to communicate with the antenna module 206 the variable impedance matching circuit 204 by an electrical connection or by one or more other electrical elements (eg, antenna switch and / or filter). For example, a signal received at the feedforward port may be primarily caused by a signal provided to the input port. For example, a signal obtained through the backward-coupled port may be primarily caused by a signal received at the backward-coupled port. In other words, the feedforward feedback signal provided at the feedforward port may be primarily caused by the transmit signal received at the input port, and the feedforward feedback signal may be caused primarily by a returning wave signal (e.g. caused by an antenna mismatch or reflection on an object near the device) received at the output port.

The (radio frequency) transmission signal may be provided, for example, to an input port of the coupler module. A main portion of the transmission signal may be from the output port of the coupler module 209 to the antenna module 206 to be provided. A small portion of the transmit signal may be provided due to the coupling of the forward coupled port and the input port of the coupler module to a forward coupled port of the coupler module (resulting in the feedforward feedback signal). Thereafter, the transmission signal through the antenna module 206 although a portion of the transmit signal may be reflected, for example, due to antenna mismatch (eg, due to a varying impedance load of the antenna) and / or one or more reflections from signal portions on objects in the vicinity of the device (echoes).

The feedforward feedback signal can be derived from the transmit signal. For example, the feedforward feedback signal may be part of the transmit signal itself, or the transmit signal may be the feedforward feedback signal by capacitively or inductively coupling the transmit path to a coupling element (eg, a directional coupler or transformer located close to the transmit path) coupler module 209 cause. For example, the device may 200 a directional coupler comprising the coupler module 209 which is arranged in the transmission path (for example, after amplification of the transmission signal). A directional coupler 209 may derive the feedforward feedback signal (at the feedforward port) from the transmit signal (applied to the input port).

Similarly, the reverse feedback signal may be derived from the transmit signal. The backward feedback signal may be based on a reflected portion of the transmission signal transmitted through the antenna module 206 from the transmitter module 205 will be generated. In other words, the reverse feedback signal may be caused primarily by a returning wave signal (eg, caused by an antenna mismatch or by a reflection on an object near the device) received at a port that is with the antenna module 206 or the variable impedance matching circuit 204 connected is. For example, the reverse feedback signal may be part of the return wave that is at the output port of the coupler module 209 itself is received. The returning wave signal received at the output port may receive the reverse feedback signal by capacitive and / or inductive coupling of the reverse transmission path to a coupling element of the coupler module 209 (eg, directional coupler or transformer located near the transmit path).

For example, the coupler module 209 with a feedback receiver module 211 be coupled and the feedback receiver module 211 and / or the control module 201 may be configured to determine the VSWR value (eg, mag output) or the phase offset value (pha) based on the feedforward feedback signal and the feedforward feedback signal. The coupler module 209 can with the feedback receiver module 211 via a damping module 212 and at least one transmission line TRL3 coupled between the feedback receiver module 211 and the damping module 212 is coupled. The feedback receiver module 211 can with the damping module 212 via a detector interface 216 be connected.

Since the full [S] matrix z. A scattering matrix comprising values related to an impedance of the AT comprising transmission lines TRL1 and TRL2) and the AT [S] matrix (a scattering matrix comprising values related to an impedance of the AT) may not always be known it may be that the particular can not always provide optimal impedance matching between the transmission lines and the antenna module.

Therefore, the transmitter arrangement 200 a sensor circuit 213 configured to measure a power of a radio frequency signal (RF signal) radiated by the antenna module, so control codes for controlling or varying the variable impedance matching network 204 can be based on the actual power radiated by the antenna module.

The sensor circuit 213 (eg an inductive field probe) may be at a distance of 5 mm to 5 cm from the antenna module 206 be positioned. The sensor circuit 213 For example, it may be configured to receive a portion of the radio frequency energy (RF energy) passing through the antenna module 206 is emitted, measure. The sensor circuit 213 can with a detector circuit 214 (eg, an RMS detector, eg, a Schottky diode RMS detector) configured to produce an RMS signal. The detector circuit 214 can with an analog-to-digital converter ADC 215 which is configured to produce an RMS digital sensor signal comprising RMS power information related to the power of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module. The ADC circuit 215 can with the detector circuit 214 each via a detector interface (eg. 216 ).

The ADC circuit 215 For example, it may be configured to apply the (digital) sensor signal to the variable impedance matching circuit 204 provide. The control module 209 may be configured to pass through a plurality of further control codes (eg, a sequence of further control codes) around the selected standard control code while the sensor circuit 213 measures the power of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module based on the sequence of other control codes.

The variable impedance matching circuit 204 For example, it may be coupled to the antenna module via at least one transmission line TRL1. The antenna tuner AT (eg, the variable impedance matching circuit) 204 can be used to increase the power delivered to the antenna. The AT can be tuned to the standard antenna impedance, which in the usual case may not be equal to 50Ω. The AT can have two to four switchable capacitors that can be changed by codes. During actual maintenance, the measuring system defines a current antenna impedance, which changes continuously. The measured impedance can be dynamically adjusted to 50 Ω or other required impedance by new AT codes.

The control module 201 can with the variable impedance matching circuit 204 and may be configured to generate a control signal based on a selection of a control code. The control module 201 may be configured to generate a control signal (eg, a first standard control signal) based on a selection of a control code based on the feedforward feedback signal and the feedforward feedback signal. For example, the control module may be configured to select the control code (as a standard control code) based on a voltage standing wave ratio amplitude value (VSWR amplitude value) and a phase offset value derived from the feedforward feedback signal and the feedforward feedback signal. Thereafter, the control module 201 be trained to one or a plurality of further control signals based on the cyclic coding (code circling) to generate the standard control code to determine an improved standard control code.

The antenna tuner AT adaptation method may include measuring the coupler ports (forward and reverse) by the feedback receiver and calculating ZIN. For example, ZIN may be the (complex) input impedance measured on the AT-TRL2 pair. The antenna tuner AT may be (or may have) an unknown complex impedance ZX-TRL1. Then, the board software (the actual value) of the complex impedance ZX can be calculated or determined. ZX may be the complex impedance comprising a piece of TRL1 and the antenna module impedances (Z ANT). For example, ZX (actually), represented as VSWR / PHASE (eg, a VSWR amplitude and phase), directly indicates which code set (eg, which standard code set) to choose. Several code sets can be stored on the board, for VSWR = 3, 5, 7, 9 ... 13, and phases with a step of 22.5 degrees. The board software may specify a matching code set for tuning the antenna tuner AT. The ZX adaptation is complete.

Errors in the [S] matrix definition can lead to severe PDI degradation, from a possible 7 to 9 dB to a moderate 2 to 3 dB and sometimes 0 to -2 dB. A factory calibration can not completely solve this problem because the only unknown Z ANT impedance can be properly calibrated and measured, but the AT and TRL1 / TRL2 matrix is unknown.

Further details and aspects are mentioned in connection with the examples described above or below (eg the control signal providing device, the control module, the control signal, the variable impedance matching circuit, the adaptable components, the antenna module, the sensor signal, the sensor circuit , the transmitter module, the coupler module, the feedback receiver module and the transmission lines). In the 2 Examples shown may include one or more optional additional features that correspond to one or more aspects associated with the proposed concept or one or more of the above (eg. 1 ) or below (eg 3A to 8th ) are mentioned.

3A to 3C show schematic representations of a code selection according to an example.

3A shows an example of a code set 310 , Each control code may include impedance matching information. For example, each code set may include or include decimal codes (C1, C2, C3) to tune a plurality of customizable components.

The control module (eg 101 . 201 ) may be configured, for example, to generate the control signal based on a selected control code from the code sets. Each code set may include a plurality of control codes. The control codes in a code set may be associated with the same predicted predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value but different predetermined phase offset values. For example, shows 3A a code set with VSWR = 7 and VSWR phase values that differ according to step increments of 22.5 degrees.

The code sets can be generated in advance in a lab for averaged antenna tuner AT and transmission line TRL1 / TRL2 characteristics. For example, the predetermined and pre-generated control codes may have different impedance matching values, labeled according to different VSWR or phase values, for matching an antenna module impedance to a transmission line impedance (eg, a 50 Ω impedance). A code set, such as the one in 3A shown, can in 3B correspond shown impedances. The plurality of codes (and code sets) may be stored in a memory module (eg, a nonvolatile memory circuit) that may be part of the device (eg, on the same semiconductor chip as the control module) or on another semiconductor device. Chip can be implemented.

3B shows a sketch 320 calculated or measured antenna impedances and phases corresponding to the antenna tuner code sets.

For example, shows 3B calculated or measured antenna impedances Z Ant, denoted by VSWR = 3, 5, 7, and all phases. The appropriate (guaranteed matching) antenna tuner AT code sets may be stored in the memory. Each antenna impedance Z Ant angle (eg, 360/16 = 22.5 degrees) may be represented by corresponding codes C1, C2, C3. Code sets can exist for each VSWR = 3, 5 to 13. Each code set can have 16 subgroups (subgroups) for each 22.5 degree step. The star 326 For example, Figure 15 shows the measured Z Ant corresponding to a VSWR between 5 and 7 and an angle between 45 and 67.5 degrees. Surrounding codes 327 can be in a looping through code sets (code set loop), which begins with a first standard control code to determine a control code, which leads to a maximum radiated power through the antenna.

3C shows an example of a code set loop 330 according to an example. For example, the control module may be configured to select the (first) standard control code (eg, code 1) based on the VSWR and the phase offset value measurement provided by the feedback receiver module. The control module may then begin traversing the codes around the (first) standard control code.

As in 3C For example, the control module may jump to a new code set (eg, starting from code 1, then code 2, then code 3, then code 4) on each subframe (eg, every 1 ms, for example, for LTE). In other words, the control module may select one or more other control codes. The control module may receive the sensor signal corresponding to each selected further control code. Based on the field probe RMS output measurements, the control module can determine which code will produce a greater or stronger radiated output power.

As an example, for example, Code 1 and Code 2 may have the same VSWR value but different phase values, and Codes 3 and 4 may have the same VSWR value (other than Code 1 and Code 2) and different phase values. Codes 1 and 4 may have the same phase but a different VSWR value, and codes 2 and 3 may have the same phase (other than code 1 and 4) but different VSWR values. This allows a better phase and better VSWR code set to be detected.

Based on the standard control code (eg, code 1), the control module may be configured to select the plurality or sequence of further control codes. For example, the control module may be configured to select the sequence of other control codes based on a predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and a predetermined phase value associated with the standard control code. In some examples, at least one other control code in the sequence of other control codes may include impedance matching information associated with the same predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value or the same predetermined phase value as the standard control code. For example, if code 1 were the selected standard control code, code 2 may have the same predetermined VSWR value as code 1 but a different phase value.

In some examples, one of the further predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and the further predetermined phase value associated with another control code in the sequence of other control codes is the same as a previous further control code in the sequence of other control codes. For example, if code 1 were the selected standard control code, code 2 may have the same predetermined VSWR value as and a different phase value than code 1. Code 3 may have the same phase value as and a different predetermined VSWR value than code 2. Code 4 may have the same VSWR value and a different phase value of code 3.

In some examples, each further control code in the sequence of other control codes may include impedance matching information associated with another predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and another predetermined phase value. The further predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and the further predetermined phase value may be within a threshold range of the predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and a predetermined phase value associated with the impedance matching information of the standard control code. For example, further control codes 2 through 4 may be selected to be part of the sequence of other control codes if they are within a threshold range of code 1 (the standard control code).

The control module may be configured to select another control code as a standard (new temporary) control code based on a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module based on the another control code. For example, the selection of the new standard temporary control code may be based on the sensor signal provided by the sensor circuit based on the radiated power measured at the antenna module. For example, the control module may be configured to select a control code other than the standard control code when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the further control code. For example, the control module may be configured to select another control code from the plurality of control codes other than the standard control code when the sensor signal indicates that a strongest increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the selected further control code.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the control module can be designed to provide a Select a control code as a standard control code and generate a customized control code based on an adjustment of the impedance matching information of the standard control code. The adjusted control code may be used to generate a further control signal to adjust an impedance of at least a portion of the variable impedance matching circuit.

For example, the control module may be configured to adjust the impedance matching information by varying at least one of a capacitance value and an inductance value by a predetermined adjustment value.

For example, the control module may be configured to update a code set with a matched control code including matched impedance information if the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the adjusted control code.

For example, the control module may be configured to select a matched control code including matched impedance information as the default control code when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the adjusted control code.

Factory-downloaded code sets may be optimal for certain average combinations of AT + TRL1 / TRL2. However, the real pair (or real values of) of AT / TRL may differ from the expected and may be difficult to estimate by calibration and / or measurements. The presence of the sensors of a field (eg, a field sensor) may allow adaptation of selected code sets (from a LUT (Lookup Table)). For example, using a self-study method of code sets used, a pass for C1 (eg, a first subcode that may, for example, be used to adjust a first tunable component) may be in the range +/- 1 be performed. (For example, the impedance information may be adjusted in incremental increments relative to each adjustable component, eg, using a stepwise addition or for subtraction of impedance values.) When the sensor signal increases (eg, if a stronger power is radiated by the antenna module is), the control code can be updated with the adjusted increment information. For example, if the sensor circuitry confirms that the power measured with the new subcode is increasing, the C1 value may be rewritten to be retested. For example, the control code may also remain unchanged (if the radiated power does not increase). The same adjustment process can be performed for each of the customizable components. For example, the same can be done for C2 and / or C3 subcodes. Gradually, all C1 / C2 / C3 (eg, all subcodes) used for any possible VSWR (amplitude) and phase values can be rewritten (updated). This can improve the (averaged) radiated power because, although the AT initially uses the best codes, the AT codes to the particular [S] matrix (e.g., scatter matrix) may have parameters that are not defined with adequate accuracy can be. For 0.2 seconds or less, for example, the selected code set (for a specific VSWR / phase) in the firmware FW may be updated and rewritten.

3D shows a sketch 340 the measured RMS power 317 (eg, RMS power at the field probe output (out = output)) versus code selection 318 according to an example. For example, shows 3D the output (power) of the sensor circuit during the cyclic passage of code sets (code set circling).

For example, point A shows z. For example, the turn-on power with a selected standard code set. For example, the default code set may be selected after Z ANT testing. As the firmware begins to cycle through the codes around the selected policy, the sensor will run tests for the code that gives greater performance. Different code sets (or codes) may be selected (eg, a code set 2 or code set 5) until a new optimal code set is selected. The code with a higher performance can be named "newly updated". Circling around the "new updated" code can be continued immediately to find new optimal codes. Thus, the system always uses the best AT code set, which gives the highest performance in the antenna.

It should be appreciated that searching for the best code set may be an optimization or improvement technique for minimum transducer losses with a corresponding return loss coefficient at the AT (PA) output. The selected code set (for example, for the first standard code set when the power is turned on) may be optimal for certain averaged conditions: e.g. With nominal TRL1 / TRL2, nominal AT characteristics. Tolerance of the mentioned components may result in lower efficiency and lower radiated power compared to the maximum available power.

For example, to compensate for the losses explained by the tolerance, a calibration method may be used. The factory calibration can be performed by using a known calibration impedance, e. For example, a Z CALIB impedance and a ZIN correction-measured impedance may be connected to an expected value. Such an approach allows the measurement of the unknown ZANT (antenna impedance) with good accuracy, although TRL1 / TRL2 and the AT tolerance itself may not necessarily be accurately estimated. The reason for this may be a PA / TX (eg power amplifier / transmission) leak towards the F / R (forward and reverse) inputs of the coupler (-40 ...- 60 dBc) and a mismatch between the F / R outputs (ports) (+/- 1 dB).

Therefore, the cause of a TRL1 / TRL2 and AT measurement error can not necessarily be discriminated. This may be due to tolerance only or may be corrupted by a coupler failure as well as all reasons together. An ADS simulation can demonstrate the magnitude of an uncertainty zone explained by all factors: component tolerances and coupler distortions. This allows a selected set of codes even after calibration by an angle and VSWR value compared to the real full [S] matrix (eg, a scattering matrix, the impedance values relative to or taking into account impedance values of the antenna tuner and transmission lines TRL1 and TRL2) are shifted. A performance delivery enhancement (PDI) analyzed for tangible AT characteristics shows that if a selected set of codes and a [S] matrix are not matched (due to calibration disturbances), the PDI (power delivery improvement) may greatly degrade in proportion to the mismatch. PDI degradation can also be caused by 1, 2, and 4 mm of additional transmission lines inserted between the AT and the antenna module due to CODESET and [S] matrix mismatching. Strong PDI degradation may be due to an incorrectly calibrated [S] matrix. For example, the addition of 1, 2 and 4 mm of a stripline may be equivalent to a rotation [S] matrix, which corresponds to a 7.5 degree, 15 degree and 30 degree rotation. For example, if the code set is artificially rotated to +30 degrees to compensate for the impact of a 4-mm stripline, the PDI may recover and achieve significantly better values.

Antenna tuning with predefined code sets stored in a memory can compensate for antenna mismatching. However, it may be insufficient to achieve maximum power radiated by the antenna module.

The antenna tuner AT adaptation method may include measuring the coupler ports (forward and reverse) by the feedback receiver and calculating ZIN. For example, ZIN may be the (complex) input impedance measured on the AT-TRL2 pair. The antenna tuner AT may be (or may have) an unknown complex impedance ZX-TRL1. Then calculates or determines the board software (the actual value) of the complex impedance ZX. ZX may be the complex impedance comprising a piece of TRL1 and the antenna module impedances (Z ANT). For example, ZX (actual) represented as VSWR / PHASE (eg, a VSWR amplitude and phase) directly indicates which code set (eg, which standard code set) to select. Several code sets may be stored at the port, for VSWR = 3, 5, 7, 9 ... 13 and 22.5 degree increments. The board software may specify a matching code set for tuning the antenna tuner AT. The ZX adaptation is complete.

The code set must (or may) be selected on the board after Z ANT (or ZX) measurement (VSWR and Angle) using the coupler modules (forward and reverse ports). The calibration may allow the Z ANT impedance to be measured, but does not allow AT and TRL1 / TRL2 tolerances to be estimated.

Using the method of look-up tables LUT (for predefined code sets) may become a significant PDI due to limited calibration capability to accurately predict AT + TRL1 / TRL2 (the antenna tuner impedances) and thus the [S] matrix. Cause deterioration. An attempt to use reflected power (at the coupler backward port) can improve return loss, but can degrade the PDI due to the opposite (often) direction of return loss and transducer gain direction from the phase of Z ANT.

For example, by cycling through codes around the selected standard control code, the selected control code may be based on the actual radiated power and the dependence on the unknown antenna tuner impedance may be reduced. Instead of forcing the AT to return to an initial state or reference code to make a new impedance test when an impedance change in the antenna is experienced, cycling can be done Codes will also select new codes around the selected standard code. Thus, for example, power drops in the antenna normally associated with a transition back to the reference code position are avoided. For example, there is no obvious criterion for varying the antenna impedance, and clear information about it (eg, the magnitude of the antenna impedance deviation) is not necessarily known before returning to the reference code and re-measuring ZANT. Such an action would therefore have to be carried out forcibly. This may make it impossible to avoid performance degradation. Return losses (from the backward port of the coupler) can not be used to accurately test for impedance changes due to very small signals at that port, the opposite direction of return losses, and changes in converter gain.

Errors in the [S] matrix definition can lead to severe PDI degradation, from possibly 7 to 9 dB, to moderate 2 to 3 dB, and sometimes 0 to -2 dB. A factory calibration can not completely solve this problem because the only unknown Z ANT impedance can be properly calibrated and measured, but the AT and TRL1 / TRL2 matrix is unknown. The cycling of codes executed by the control module of the device and with respect to 3A to 3D For example, these challenges can be avoided.

Further details and aspects are mentioned in connection with the examples described above or below (eg the control signal providing device, the control module, the control signal, the variable impedance matching circuit, the adaptable components, the antenna module, the sensor signal, the sensor circuit , cycling through codes, code adjustments, the transmitter module, the coupler module, the feedback receiver module and the transmission lines). In the 3A to 3D Examples shown may include one or more optional additional features that correspond to one or more aspects associated with the proposed concept or one or more of the above (eg, as shown in FIG. 1 and 2 ) or below (eg 4A to 8th ).

4A and 4B show an example of looping or cycling through code in an apparatus for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit according to one example.

4A shows a sketch of the PDI (dB) 419 opposite phase (degrees) 421 , 4A also shows an ideal case 422 the PDI and a case 423 in which an incorrect [S] matrix includes or is based on coupler dysfunctions and AT tolerance. In this example, frequency = 1950 MHz, VSWR case = 11, VSWR phase = 135 degrees, the [S] matrix is ideal, and "shifted" by 4 mm of the uncompensated TRL.

4A shows the PDI for the ideal [S] matrix 422 and a matrix corrupted by a 4 mm uncompensated TRL 423 , These 4 mm mimic the overall [S] matrix corruption due to coupler distor- tions, AT tolerance and TRL1 / 2 tolerances. The PDI degradation can be 7.8 dB. The cycling of code sets can be done around a selected point using VSWRs and phase shifts, as in FIG 4B shown to be started.

4B shows a sketch 420 the PDI 424 opposite Codesatz 425 , 4B shows that a PDI for a selected (initial) code set (VSWR = 11, phase 137.5 degrees) can have a very small value, PDI = 0.155 dB. When monitoring the sensor output, code set # 9 (VSWR = 13, phase = 137.5 + 22.5 = 160 degrees) can be identified as the best set of codes. For example, it gives PDI = 6.7 dB or 6.5 dB as improvement compared to the initial case (code set No. 5). The proposed example demonstrates the ability of the method to define the best code set during code swiping. At the same time, a phase step of +22.5 degrees can lead to a power drop that is too large (with a concretely considered antenna tuner). If required, smaller phase steps of about +8 to 16 degrees can be used. For such smaller phase steps, the size of a full code set may become larger, and obtaining optimal code during tracking may take longer. However, large power drops can be avoided and communication can become more stable.

Further details and aspects are mentioned in connection with the examples described above or below (eg the control signal providing device, the control module, the control signal, the variable impedance matching circuit, the adaptable components, the antenna module, the sensor signal, the sensor circuit , cycling through codes, code adjustments, the transmitter module, the coupler module, the feedback receiver module and the transmission lines). In the 4A and 4B Examples shown may include one or more optional additional features associated with one or more optional features several aspects in connection with the proposed concept or one or more of the above (e.g. 1 to 3 ) or below (eg 5 to 8th mentioned examples are mentioned.

5 shows a schematic representation of a signal generating device 500 according to an example.

The signal generating device 500 includes a device 501 for generating a control signal, which is designed to be a control signal 502 for adapting an impedance of at least part of a variable impedance matching circuit coupled to an antenna module.

The device 501 for generating a control signal is formed to the control signal 502 based on a sensor signal 503 generated by a sensor circuit located near the antenna module.

The sensor signal 503 includes information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module.

Due to the adaptation of the variable impedance matching circuit based on a power actually radiated by the antenna module, the radiated power can be more accurately adjusted and / or controlled. This may, for example, lead to improved performance of a transmitter module in which the device is implemented.

For example, the sensor signal 503 Information related to a power of a magnetic field component of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module. For example, the sensor circuit may include a field probe circuit coupled to a detector circuit. The detector circuit may be configured to determine an RMS power of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module and detected by the field probe circuit. The sensor circuit may include at least one of a magnetoresistive coil, a Hall sensor circuit, a capacitive circuit, an inductive circuit, and a microstrip inductor circuit. The sensor circuit may be located at a distance of 5 mm to 5 cm from the antenna module.

Further details and aspects are mentioned in connection with the examples described above or below (eg the control signal providing device, the control module, the control signal, the variable impedance matching circuit, the adaptable components, the antenna module, the sensor signal, the sensor circuit , cycling through codes, code adjustments, the transmitter module, the coupler module, the feedback receiver module and the transmission lines). In the 5 Examples shown may include one or more optional additional features that correspond to one or more aspects associated with the proposed concept or one or more of the above (eg, as shown in FIG. 1 to 4B ) or below (eg 6 to 8th ) are mentioned.

6 shows a schematic representation of a transmitter 600 or a transceiver according to an example.

The transmitter 600 includes a transmitter module 605 that with a variable impedance matching circuit 604 is coupled. The transmitter module 605 is configured to generate a radio frequency transmit signal transmitted through an antenna module 606 to be sent.

The transmitter 600 further comprises a device 628 for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit 604 , as regards 1 to 5 described.

The transmitter 600 further comprises an antenna module 606 configured to emit an electromagnetic signal based on the high frequency transmit signal.

Further details and aspects are mentioned in connection with the examples described above or below (eg the control signal providing device, the control module, the control signal, the variable impedance matching circuit, the adaptable components, the antenna module, the sensor signal, the sensor circuit , cycling through codes, code adjustments, the transmitter module, the coupler module, the feedback receiver module and the transmission lines). In the 6 Examples shown may include one or more optional additional features that correspond to one or more aspects associated with the proposed concept or one or more of the above (eg. 1 to 5 ) or below (eg 7 and 8th ) are mentioned.

7 shows a schematic representation of a mobile device 700 and / or a mobile phone. The mobile device 700 and / or a mobile phone may include a device for providing control signals (e.g. 100 ) or a device for Providing control signals (eg 500 ) located in or within a transmitter or a transceiver (e.g. 600 ) is implemented. Furthermore, the mobile device includes 700 a baseband processor module 720 which generates at least the digital (eg baseband) signal to be transmitted and / or processes a baseband received signal. It also includes the mobile device 700 a power supply unit 730 comprising at least the transmitter or the transceiver module 710 and the baseband processor module 720 powered.

Further examples relate to a mobile device (eg, a mobile phone, a tablet, or a laptop) that includes a transmitter or a transceiver described above. The mobile device or the mobile terminal may be used for communicating in a mobile communication system.

Further details and aspects are mentioned in connection with the examples described above or below (eg the control signal providing device, the control module, the control signal, the variable impedance matching circuit, the adaptable components, the antenna module, the sensor signal, the sensor circuit , cycling through codes, code adjustments, the transmitter module, the coupler module, the feedback receiver module and the transmission lines). In the 7 Examples shown may include one or more optional additional features that correspond to one or more aspects associated with the proposed concept or one or more of the above (eg, as shown in FIG. 1 to 6 ) or below (eg 8th ) are mentioned.

8th shows a schematic representation of a method 800 for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit according to an example.

The procedure 800 includes receiving 810 a sensor signal from a sensor circuit located in the vicinity of the antenna module, wherein the sensor signal comprises information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal that is emitted by the antenna module.

The procedure 800 further comprises generating 820 a control signal for adjusting an impedance of at least a portion of a variable impedance matching circuit coupled to an antenna module based on the sensor signal.

Due to the adaptation of the variable impedance matching circuit based on a power actually radiated by the antenna module, the radiated power can be more accurately adjusted and / or controlled. For example, this may result in improved performance of a transmitter module in which the device is implemented.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further comprising selecting a control code from a plurality of control codes stored in a memory module, wherein the plurality of control codes are arranged in one or more code sets.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further comprising generating the control signal based on the selected control code.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further comprising selecting different control codes to generate the control signal in a time interval between 10 μs and 30 μs.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further comprising selecting a control code as a default match code and further selecting a sequence of further control codes to generate a sequence of further control signals to adjust an impedance of at least a portion of the variable impedance matching circuit.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further comprising selecting a control code other than the standard control code based on information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module based on another control signal generated by the control module based on the further control code.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method may 800 further comprising selecting a control code other than the standard control code when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the further control code.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further comprising selecting a further control code from the plurality of control codes other than the standard control code when the sensor signal indicates that a strongest increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the selected further control code.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further comprising selecting a control code as a standard control code and generating a fitted control code based on an adjustment of the impedance matching information of the standard control code and generating another control signal for adjusting an impedance of at least a part of the variable impedance matching circuit based on the adjusted control code.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further comprising adjusting the impedance matching information by varying at least one of a capacitance value and an inductance value by a predetermined adjustment value.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further updating a code set by a matched control code including matched impedance information when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the adjusted control code.

Optionally, additionally or alternatively, the method 800 further selecting a matched control code including matched impedance information as the default control code when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the adjusted control code.

Further details and aspects are mentioned in connection with the examples described above or below (eg the control signal providing device, the control module, the control signal, the variable impedance matching circuit, the adaptable components, the antenna module, the sensor signal, the sensor circuit , the transmitter module, the coupler module, the feedback receiver module and the transmission lines). In the 8th Examples shown may include one or more optional additional features that correspond to one or more aspects associated with the proposed concept or one or more of the above (eg, as shown in FIG. 1 to 7 ) or examples described below.

Various examples relate to a machine-readable storage medium comprising program code that, when executed, causes a machine to perform the method 800 performs.

Various examples relate to a computer program having program code for carrying out the method 800 when the computer program is running on a computer or processor.

Various methods relate to a machine-readable storage device comprising machine-readable instructions that when executed perform a method 800 implement or a device 100 or a means 500 to provide for providing control signals.

Various examples relate to tracking a TX / RX (transmitter and receiver) antenna tuner algorithm with a self-study in operation for a mobile application. Various examples relate to an adaptive method of antenna tuning using a field sensor and a tracking algorithm. There is no technical capability to improve antenna efficiency using indirect techniques, such as return loss analysis. Various examples and methods may use a direct power sensor of radiated power. The sensor can show conditional (not calibrated power scale) performances. For example, using the Greater-Smaller principle, the best (or improved) antenna tuner code can be found. The antenna efficiency can be increased by 2 to 6 dB, for example, depending on the antenna phase. Furthermore, the methods used show a low sensitivity to tolerances of the antenna tuner and the coupler used.

There is a need to provide an improved concept for providing a control signal to a variable impedance matching circuit that may facilitate improving the performance of transmitters and / or transceivers.

This need can be met by the subject matter of one of the claims.

In the following examples refer to further examples. Example 1, an apparatus for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit, comprising a control module configured to generate a control signal for adjusting an impedance of a variable impedance matching circuit coupled to an antenna module, the control module configured to receive the control signal based on a sensor signal received from a sensor circuit located near the antenna module, the sensor signal comprising information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module.

In Example 2, the subject matter of Example 1 may optionally include the sensor signal that includes information related to a power of a magnetic field component of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module.

In example 3, the subject matter of example 1 or 2 may optionally include the sensor circuit comprising a field probe circuit coupled to a detector circuit, the detector circuit being configured to determine a root mean square power of the electromagnetic signal generated by the antenna module is radiated and detected by the field probe circuit.

In Example 4, the subject matter of each of the above examples may optionally include the sensor circuit comprising at least one of a magnetoresistive coil, a Hall sensor circuit, a capacitive circuit, an inductive circuit, and a microstrip inductor circuit.

In Example 5, the subject matter of each of the above examples may optionally include the sensor circuit located at a distance of 5 mm to 5 cm from the antenna module.

In Example 6, the subject matter of each of the above examples may optionally include the sensor circuit configured to measure the power of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module in a time interval between 10 μs and 30 μs.

In example 7, the subject matter of each of the above examples may optionally include the variable impedance matching circuit including at least one adjustable impedance component, the at least one adjustable impedance component comprising at least one of a variable capacitor circuit and a variable inductor circuit.

In example 8, the subject matter of each of the above examples may optionally include a transmitter module coupled to the variable impedance matching circuit, wherein the transmitter module is configured to generate a high frequency transmit signal to be transmitted by the antenna module.

In example 9, the subject matter of each of the above examples may optionally include a coupler module located between the transmitter module and the antenna module, the coupler module being configured to provide a feedforward feedback signal based on the radio frequency transmit signal provided by the transmitter module and provide a reverse feedback signal based on a reflected portion of the radio frequency transmit signal received from the antenna module, the control module configured to generate the control signal based on a selection of a control code based on the feedforward feedback signal and the reverse feedback signal. To generate feedback signal.

In Example 10, the subject matter of each of the above examples may optionally include the control module configured to select the control code based on a voltage standing wave ratio value and a phase offset value derived from the feedforward feedback signal and the feedback feedback signal.

In example 11, the subject matter of each of the above examples may optionally include the control module configured to select a control code from a plurality of control codes stored in a memory module, the plurality of control codes being arranged in one or more code sets, and wherein Control module is adapted to generate the control signal based on the selected control code.

In Example 12, the subject matter of each of the above examples may optionally include each code set including a plurality of control codes including impedance matching information associated with a same predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and a different predetermined phase offset value.

In example 13, the subject matter of example 11 or 12 may optionally include the control module configured to select different control codes for generating the control signal in a time interval between 10 μs and 30 μs.

In example 14, the subject matter of any of examples 11 through 13 may optionally include the at least one control code that includes impedance matching information for adjusting an impedance of at least one adjustable impedance component of the variable impedance matching circuit.

In example 15, the subject matter of example 14 may optionally include the impedance matching information comprising at least one of a capacitance value and an inductance value for adjusting the impedance of the variable impedance matching circuit.

In example 16, the subject matter of any of examples 11-15 may optionally include the control module configured to select a control code as a default match code and further comprising a sequence of further control codes for generating a sequence of further control signals for adjusting an impedance of the variable Select impedance matching circuit.

In Example 17, the subject matter of any one of Examples 11 to 16 may optionally include the control module configured to select another control code from the sequence of control codes other than the standard control code based on the sensor signal indicating a power of an electromagnetic signal is radiated by the antenna module based on the further control code.

In example 18, the subject matter of example 16 or 17 may optionally include the control module configured to select another control code from the sequence of control codes other than the standard control code when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is based on the further tax code is produced.

In example 19, the subject matter of any of examples 16-18 may optionally include the control module configured to select a further control code of the sequence of control codes other than the standard control code when the sensor signal indicates that a strong increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is produced based on the further tax code.

In example 20, the subject matter of any of examples 16-19 may optionally include the control module configured to select the sequence of further control codes based on a predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and a predetermined phase value associated with the standard control code.

In example 21, the subject matter of any one of examples 16 to 20 may optionally include any further control code in the sequence of other control codes including impedance matching information associated with a further predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and another predetermined phase value within a threshold range of the predetermined one Spannungsstehwellenverhältnis value and a predetermined phase value associated with the impedance matching information of the standard control code.

In Example 22, the subject matter of any one of Examples 16 to 21 may optionally include at least one other control code in the sequence of other control codes including impedance matching information associated with the same predetermined voltage threshold ratio value or the same predetermined phase value as the standard control code.

In Example 23, the subject matter of any of Examples 16 to 22 may optionally include one of the further predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and the further predetermined phase value associated with another control code in the sequence of other control codes which is the same as a previous one Control code in the sequence of other control codes.

In example 24, the subject matter of any of examples 11 to 22 may optionally include the control module configured to select a control code as a default control code and to generate an adjusted control code based on an adjustment of the impedance matching information of the standard control code, the adjusted control code being Generating another control signal for adjusting an impedance of the variable impedance matching circuit is used.

In example 25, the subject matter of example 24 may optionally include the control module configured to adjust the impedance matching information by varying at least one of a capacitance value and an inductance value by a predetermined adjustment value.

In example 26, the subject matter of example 24 or 25 may optionally include the control module configured to update a code set by a matched control code including matched impedance information when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is based is produced on the adjusted tax code.

In example 27, the subject matter of any of examples 24 through 26 may optionally include the control module configured to select a customized control code that includes adjusted impedance information as the default control code when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is based is produced on the adjusted tax code.

Example 28 is a signal generating device that includes means for generating a A control signal configured to generate a control signal for adjusting an impedance of a variable impedance matching circuit coupled to an antenna module, wherein the means for generating a control signal is adapted to generate the control signal based on a sensor signal received from a in the vicinity of the antenna module sensor circuit is received, wherein the sensor signal comprises information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal which is radiated by the antenna module.

In example 29, the subject matter of example 28 may optionally include the sensor signal, which includes information related to a power of a magnetic field component of the electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module.

In example 30, the subject matter of example 28 or 29 may optionally include the sensor circuit comprising a field probe circuit coupled to a detector circuit, the detector circuit being configured to determine a root mean square power of the electromagnetic signal generated by the antenna module is radiated and detected by the field probe circuit.

In example 31, the subject matter of any of examples 28 to 30 may optionally include the sensor circuit comprising at least one of a magnetoresistive coil, a Hall sensor circuit, a capacitive circuit, an inductive circuit, and a microstrip inductor circuit.

In example 32, the subject matter of any of examples 28 to 31 may optionally include the sensor circuitry located at a distance of 5 mm to 5 cm from the antenna module.

Example 33 is a transmitter comprising a transmitter module coupled to a variable impedance matching circuit, the transmitter module configured to generate a radio frequency transmit signal to be transmitted by an antenna module; an apparatus for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit according to one of the preceding claims; and an antenna module configured to radiate an electromagnetic signal based on the high-frequency transmission signal.

Example 34 is a transmitter or a transceiver comprising an apparatus for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit according to any one of Examples 1 to 32.

Example 35 is a mobile device that includes a transmitter or a transceiver according to Example 33 or 34.

Example 36 is a mobile telephone comprising a transmitter or a transceiver according to example 33 or 34.

Example 37 is a method of providing a control signal to a variable impedance matching circuit, the method comprising receiving a sensor signal from a sensor circuit proximate to an antenna module, the sensor signal comprising information related to power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module becomes; and generating a control signal to adjust an impedance of a variable impedance matching circuit coupled to the antenna module based on the sensor signal.

In example 38, the subject matter of example 37 may optionally include selecting a control code from a plurality of control codes stored in a memory module, wherein the plurality of control codes are arranged in one or more code sets, and generating the control signal based on the selected control code include.

In example 39, the subject matter of example 37 or 38 may optionally include selecting different control codes to generate the control signal in a time interval of 10 μs to 30 μs.

In example 40, the subject matter of any of examples 37-39 may optionally include selecting a control code as a default match code and further selecting a sequence of other control codes to generate a sequence of further control signals to adjust an impedance of the variable impedance matching circuit.

In example 41, the subject matter of any one of examples 38 to 40 may optionally include selecting a control code other than the standard control code based on information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module based on another control signal generated by the control module is generated on the further control code.

In Example 42, the subject matter of each of Examples 38 to 41 may optionally include selecting a control code other than the standard control code when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the further control code.

In example 43, the subject matter of any of examples 38-42 may optionally include selecting a further control code from the plurality of control codes other than the standard control code if the sensor signal indicates that a strong one is producing the power of the electromagnetic signal based on the selected further control code becomes.

In example 44, the subject matter of any of examples 38-43 may optionally include selecting a control code as a standard control code and generating a matched control code based on an adjustment of the impedance matching information of the standard control code and generating another control signal for adjusting an impedance of the variable impedance matching circuit based on include the adjusted tax code.

In example 45, the subject matter of any of examples 38-44 may optionally include adjusting the impedance matching information by varying at least one of a capacitance value and an inductance value by a predetermined adjustment value.

In example 46, the subject matter of any of examples 38-45 may optionally include updating a code set by a matched control code including matched impedance information if the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the adjusted control code ,

In example 47, the subject matter of any of examples 38-46 may optionally include selecting a customized control code that includes adjusted impedance information as the default control code when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is being produced based on the adjusted control code ,

Example 48 is a machine-readable storage medium that includes program code that, when executed, causes a machine to perform the method of any one of Examples 37-47.

Example 49 is a machine-readable storage device that includes machine-readable instructions that, when executed, implement a method or implement a device as claimed in any applicable example.

Example 50 is a computer program having program code for carrying out the method of any one of Examples 37 to 47 when the program is run on a computer or processor.

Examples may further provide a computer program having program code for performing one of the above methods when the computer program is run on a computer or processor. One skilled in the art would readily recognize that steps of various methods described above may be performed by programmed computers. Here are some examples and program memory devices, eg. Digital data storage media that are machine or computer readable and that encode machine executable or computer executable programs of instructions, the instructions performing some or all of the steps of the methods described above. The program memory devices may, for. As digital storage, magnetic storage media such as magnetic disks and magnetic tapes, hard disk drives or optically readable digital data storage media. Also, the examples are intended to program computers to perform the steps of the methods described above or (field) programmable logic arrays ((F) PLA = (Field) Programmable Logic Arrays) or (field) programmable gate arrays ((F) PGA = (Field) Programmable Gate Arrays) programmed to perform the steps of the methods described above.

The description and drawings depict only the principles of the disclosure. It is therefore to be understood that one skilled in the art can derive various arrangements which, while not expressly described or illustrated herein, embody the principles of the disclosure and are within the spirit and scope thereof. In addition, all examples provided herein are principally for guidance only, to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the disclosure and the concepts contributed to the advancement of technology by the inventor (s), and are to be construed as without limitation such particular examples and conditions become. Furthermore, all statements herein about principles, aspects, and examples of disclosure, as well as specific examples thereof, are intended to encompass their equivalents.

Function blocks referred to as "means for ..." (performing a certain function) are to be understood as function blocks comprising circuits which are each designed to perform a certain function. Therefore, a "device for something" may also be understood as a "device designed for or suitable for something". A device designed to perform a certain function does not therefore mean that such a device necessarily performs the function (in a given time instant).

Functions of various elements shown in the figures, including any functional blocks referred to as "means", "means for providing a sensor signal", means for generating a transmit signal, etc., may be implemented by the use of dedicated hardware such as "a signal provider", "a signal processing unit". , "A processor," "a controller," etc., as well as hardware capable of executing software in conjunction with associated software. Furthermore, any entity described herein as "device" could be implemented as "one or more modules," "one or more devices," "one or more devices," and so on. When provided by a processor, the functions may be provided by a single dedicated processor, by a single shared processor, or by a plurality of individual processors, some of which may be shared. Furthermore, the express use of the term "processor" or "controller" is not intended to be construed as solely hardware executable hardware, and may implicitly include, without limitation, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, network processor, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) Integrated Circuit), field programmable gate array (FPGA), read only memory (ROM) for storing software, random access memory (RAM), and nonvolatile memory device. Also, other hardware, conventional and / or custom, may be included.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that all of the block diagrams herein are conceptual views of exemplary circuits embodying the principles of the disclosure. Similarly, it should be understood that all flowcharts, flowcharts, state transition diagrams, pseudo-code, and the like, represent various processes that are essentially presented in computer-readable medium and so executed by a computer or processor, regardless of whether such computer or processor is expressly illustrated is.

Furthermore, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, where each claim may stand alone as a separate example. While each claim may stand on its own as a separate embodiment, it should be understood that while a dependent claim may refer to a particular combination with one or more other claims in the claims, other embodiments also contemplate combining the dependent claim with the subject matter of each other dependent or independent claim. These combinations are suggested here unless it is stated that a particular combination is not intended. Furthermore, features of a claim shall be included for each other independent claim, even if this claim is not made directly dependent on the independent claim.

It is further to be noted that methods disclosed in the description or in the claims may be implemented by an apparatus having means for performing each of the respective steps of these methods.

Furthermore, it should be understood that the disclosure of multiple acts or functions disclosed in the specification or claims should not be construed as being in any particular order. Therefore, by disclosing multiple steps or functions, they are not limited to any particular order unless such steps or functions are not interchangeable for technical reasons. Furthermore, in some examples, a single step may include or be broken into several substeps. Such sub-steps may be included and form part of the disclosure of this single step, unless expressly excluded.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• IEEE 802.16 [0018]
• IEEE 802.11 [0018]

Claims (25)

A device ( 100 ) for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit, comprising: a control module ( 101 ), which is designed to generate a control signal ( 102 ) for matching an impedance of a variable impedance matching circuit coupled to an antenna module, wherein the control module ( 101 ) is configured to generate the control signal based on a sensor signal ( 103 ) received from a sensor circuit located near the antenna module, the sensor signal comprising information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module. The device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor signal ( 103 ) Comprises information related to a power of a magnetic field component of the electromagnetic signal generated by the antenna module ( 106 ) is radiated. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sensor circuit ( 113 ) a field probe circuit ( 213 ), which is connected to a detector circuit ( 214 ), the detector circuit ( 214 ) is adapted to determine a root mean square power of the electromagnetic signal emitted by the antenna module and detected by the field probe circuit. The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor circuit ( 113 ) comprises at least one of a magnetoresistive coil, a Hall sensor circuit, a capacitive circuit, an inductive circuit, and a microstrip inductor circuit. The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor circuit ( 113 ) is located at a distance of 5 mm to 5 cm from the antenna module. The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor circuit ( 113 ) is adapted to measure the power of the electromagnetic signal emitted by the antenna module in a time interval between 10 μs and 30 μs. The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the variable impedance matching circuit ( 104 ) comprises at least one adjustable impedance component, the at least one adjustable impedance component comprising at least one of an adjustable capacitor circuit and an adjustable inductor circuit. The device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a transmitter module ( 105 ) coupled to the variable impedance matching circuit, the transmitter module configured to generate a high frequency transmit signal to be transmitted by the antenna module. The device of claim 8, further comprising a coupler module ( 209 ) located between the transmitter module ( 105 ) and the antenna module ( 106 wherein the coupler module is configured to provide a feedforward feedback signal based on the radio frequency transmit signal provided by the transmitter module and a feedforward feedback signal based on a reflected portion of the radio frequency transmit signal received from the antenna module. wherein the control module is configured to generate the control signal based on a selection of a control code based on the feedforward feedback signal and the feedforward feedback signal. The device according to claim 9, wherein the control module ( 101 ) is configured to select the control code based on a voltage standing wave ratio value and a phase offset value derived from the feedforward feedback signal and the feedback feed back signal. The device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control module ( 101 ) is adapted to select a control code from a plurality of control codes stored in a memory module, the plurality of control codes being arranged in one or more code sets, and wherein the control module is adapted to generate the control signal based on the selected control code. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein each code set comprises a plurality of control codes comprising impedance matching information associated with a same predetermined voltage threshold ratio value and a different predetermined phase offset value. The device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the control module ( 101 ) is adapted to generate different control codes for generating the control signal in a time interval between 10 μs and 30 μs. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one control code comprises impedance matching information for adjusting an impedance of at least one adjustable impedance component of the variable impedance matching circuit. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the impedance matching information comprises at least one of a capacitance value and an inductance value for adjusting the impedance of the variable impedance matching circuit. The device according to one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the control module ( 101 ) is adapted to select a control code as a default match code and to further select a sequence of further control codes for generating a sequence of further control signals for adjusting an impedance of the variable impedance matching circuit. The device according to one of claims 11 to 16, wherein the control module ( 101 ) is configured to select another control code from the sequence of control codes other than the standard control code based on the sensor signal indicating a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module based on the further control code. The device according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the control module ( 101 ) is adapted to select a further control code from the sequence of control codes other than the standard control code when the sensor signal indicates that an increase in power of the electromagnetic signal is produced based on the further control code. The device according to one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the control module ( 101 ) is adapted to select a further control code of the sequence of control codes other than the standard control code when the sensor signal indicates that a strongest increase in the power of the electromagnetic signal is produced based on the further control code. The device according to one of claims 16 to 19, wherein the control module ( 101 ) is adapted to select the sequence of further control codes based on a predetermined voltage standing wave ratio value and a predetermined phase value associated with the standard control code. The apparatus of any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein each further control code in the sequence of further control codes comprises impedance matching information associated with another predetermined voltage threshold ratio value and another predetermined phase value within a threshold range of the predetermined voltage threshold ratio value and a predetermined one Phase values associated with the impedance matching information of the standard control code. The apparatus according to one of claims 16 to 21, wherein at least one further control code in the sequence of further control codes comprises impedance matching information associated with the same predetermined voltage threshold ratio value or the same predetermined phase value as the standard control code. A transmitter ( 600 ), comprising: a transmitter module ( 605 ), which is provided with a variable impedance matching circuit ( 604 ), the transmitter module configured to generate a radio frequency transmit signal to be transmitted by an antenna module; a device ( 628 ) for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit according to one of the preceding claims; and an antenna module ( 606 ) configured to radiate an electromagnetic signal based on the high-frequency transmission signal. A procedure ( 800 ) for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit, the method comprising: receiving ( 810 ) a sensor signal from a sensor circuit located near an antenna module, the sensor signal comprising information related to a power of an electromagnetic signal radiated by the antenna module; and generating ( 820 ) a control signal for adjusting an impedance of a variable impedance matching circuit coupled to the antenna module based on the sensor signal. A machine-readable storage medium comprising program code that, when executed, causes a machine to perform the method of claim 24.

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