DE102014003260A1 - Building panel, in particular for use as a floor, wall or ceiling panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a building panel (1), in particular for use as a floor, wall or ceiling panel, with a support plate (6) on the edge locking contours (7, 8, 9, 10) for locking with at least one similar building panel (1 ) are provided. According to the invention, it is provided that the carrier plate (6) consists of a mineral material, preferably of fiber cement, fiber concrete, polymer cement, polymer concrete, glass fiber cement or glass fiber concrete.

Description

The invention relates to a building panel, in particular for use as a floor, wall or ceiling panel, with a support plate, on the edge locking contours are provided for locking with at least one similar building panel.

A building plate of the aforementioned type in the form of a bottom plate is already out of the DE 203 14 719 U1 known. The known base plate has a carrier plate, which may be single or multi-layered. The known carrier plate, which consists of a wood material, is circumferentially provided with locking contours, to allow locking with a same, adjacent to a joint edge bottom plate in all directions perpendicular to the abutting edge. On the carrier plate, a surface layer of a mineral material is applied. The mineral material may be mortar, screed, concrete or the like. The thickness of the surface layer is between 0.1 to several millimeters.

However, the known base plate has found no distribution in practice. This seems to have several reasons. Firstly, surface layers of concrete or other mineral material for use in floor panels are relatively expensive, so that there is a relatively high price for the bottom plate due to the additional cost of producing the support plate. Another disadvantage of the known from the prior art floor plate is that it is usually complicated and sometimes difficult to safely and permanently connect the surface layer with the support plate. An adhesive bond is usually used for this purpose, although the flat underside of the surface layer can only be glued securely to the flat underside of the carrier plate. The above reasons have resulted in the result probably that the known floor panel has not been produced.

From the DE 101 48 245 is known a natural stone panel, which consists of a natural stone slab and a support of a construction material. As is clear from the DE 101 48 245 A1 results, the processing of natural stone slabs are limited by the weight and brittleness of the material. A reduction in weight by reducing the thickness is limited, otherwise the plate breaks down and can not be edited. Due to the brittleness of the material, it is also not possible to connect very thin natural stone slabs by tongue and groove, as is known in wood materials. For this reason, the beats DE 101 48 245 A1 a support of a construction material having a density of 10 to 250 kg / m ³ , which may be a cellular, preferably honeycomb-shaped support made of a lightweight construction material, such as polyurethane and polyamide. Attached laterally to the carrier is a locking contour of tongue and groove to connect adjacent plates together. Even such a natural stone panel has so far found no input into practice.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a practical building panel of the type mentioned, in which a mineral top is provided and can be produced easily and inexpensively.

The aforementioned object is inventively achieved in that the carrier plate, which may be single or multi-layered, consists entirely of a mineral material and preferably of fiber cement, fiber concrete, polymer cement, polymer concrete, glass fiber cement or glass fiber reinforced concrete. Here, fiber cement is understood to mean not only such a material that has fibers as such, but also fibers in the form of a fabric, so that in principle could also be spoken of a tissue cement. In any case, unlike the prior art, the invention is such that not only the surface layer consists of a (specific) mineral material, but the entire support plate itself consists of this material, namely, in particular the fiber cement. In addition to fiber cement, fiber concrete, concrete cement, polymer cement, polymer concrete, glass fiber cement and glass fiber concrete may be considered as alternative mineral materials. Although the abovementioned mineral materials are fundamentally also suitable for the intended use according to the invention, only the material which is most suitable from the current point of view, namely fiber cement, will be discussed below. Regardless, the following statements - at least in principle - in the same way for the aforementioned other mineral materials, even if this will not be discussed in detail below.

In a very simple embodiment can then be provided that the fiber cement forms both the top and the bottom of the building panel and on the fiber cement and the locking contours are formed.

The invention is based on the recognition that the provided on the support plate and necessary locking contours for locking the building plate with a similar plate can also be produced when the support plate of a particular mineral material, namely fiber cement exists. So far, it has been assumed that it is ultimately not possible, but at least not economically feasible to produce locking contours for building panels to support plates made of a mineral material. With the invention has now been recognized that an economical production of locking contours on a provided for a building panel support plate made of fiber cement is quite possible.

The achievable with the invention advantages are many. First of all, a building panel according to the invention can be produced comparatively inexpensively. Since the support plate can simultaneously represent the top and bottom of the building plate, a separate support plate made of a wood material, on the edge locking contours are no longer required, there is a significant cost advantage over the prior art, especially the cost of a Support plate of fiber cement are only slightly higher than for a surface layer plate made of mineral material. In addition, a building plate is provided by the invention, which is ultimately comparable in function with a tile, but due to the locking contours no longer needs to be glued, but "floating" can be laid. Therefore, for example, a existing building blocks according to the invention floor in DIY-laying can be made. By the edge provided locking contours is - unlike conventional tiles - in the rest, no more grouting necessary.

Fiber cement is a particular cement material to which fibers of different types are added during manufacture to improve crack and fracture behavior. The fibers are embedded in the cement matrix and act as reinforcement. The matrix primarily determines the load-bearing behavior of the fiber cement. Such a cement has proven to be preferred, both as regards the ability to be milled, but also as regards the load-bearing capacity when using a support plate for a building panel and there especially as a floor panel. In the case of fiber cement, the calcium silicate hydrates present in the cement form an irregular network of short crystal fibers, which offers considerable resistance to compressive stress. In a tensile stress, however, the individual crystals, which are on average only about 1 micron long, pulled out of the braid before its tensile strength is reached. The strength and elongation at break and the working capacity of the cement under tensile stress are therefore relatively small. However, this is not relevant to the application of the building panel according to the invention in the area of floor, wall or ceiling or facade. In any case, it has been found that any cracks forming in the support plate due to the reinforcement built into the matrix of tensile and extensible fibers inhibits the opening of the cracks or, for larger strains, causes a division into many, very fine and generally harmless cracks.

Ultimately, a building plate is provided by the invention, which can be used for both the interior and for the exterior as a floor, wall or ceiling plate or as a facade element or plate. Due to the simple connection technique on the locking contours, the invention provides a simple and, taking into account the advantages of laying cost-effective alternative to tiles.

In any case, it offers to achieve on the one hand good milling ability, but on the other hand also an attractive surface layer of the support plate that the fiber cement with the exception of fibers or textiles no components with a diameter of greater than 1 mm, in particular greater than 0.5 mm and on preferably greater than 0.01 mm. Ultimately, it is particularly preferred if the fiber cement - with the exception of the fibers or textiles - exclusively powdered or flour-like ingredients.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the fiber cement has the following composition, in particular for achieving a good milling capability: cement 40 to 80% fibers 3 to 15% Silica flour / limestone flour 0 to 25% water 10 to 20% pigments 0 to 8%.

With regard to the proportion of water, it should be pointed out that this is chemically bound and free or unbound water. The free or unbound water content is about 3 to 12%.

Incidentally, it goes without saying that in addition to the aforementioned constituents of the fiber cement in principle further components may be provided. The above list is therefore not exhaustive.

The cement content can be any type of cement, in particular Portland cement. Since cement usually has a gray color, the cement content may be partly (as a pigment) or entirely white cement. In this way, then results in a very light to cream-colored tone of the support plate.

The abovementioned percentages relate to the basic substances or the abovementioned constituents of the fiber cement in% by mass in the cured state of the carrier plate. The same applies to all percentages given below with regard to the individual constituents of the composition of the fiber cement.

In principle, glass fibers, steel fibers, synthetic fibers, carbon fibers or cellulose fibers can be used in the fiber cement. If long fibers in the form of fiberglass textile mats are used, one usually speaks of textile-reinforced cement or textile cement. This cement is also attributed to the fiber cement.

In the context of the present invention, it has been recognized that it is convenient to mix plastic fibers and / or carbon and / or cellulose fibers with the cement. A fiber cement with the aforementioned fibers can be milled easier to produce the locking contours. In addition, it has been found that when using plastic fibers and carbon and / or cellulose fibers sufficient strength properties are achieved when the support plate is used for a building panel in the floor, wall or ceiling area.

When using plastic fibers, very good results in terms of both machinability and strength are between 2 and 15%, in particular 2.5 to 7%, and carbon and / or cellulose fibers between 0 and 10%, in particular between 1 and 7%. been achieved.

Polypropylene, polyethylene, aramid, polyacrylonitrile or polyvinyl alcohol fibers are particularly suitable as synthetic fibers. Also, mixtures of fibers of the aforementioned type are readily possible.

To achieve an attractive surface contour, the invention provides that the upper side of the carrier plate is mechanically and / or chemically processed. The mechanical processing is preferably carried out by grinding, brushing and / or sandblasting, while the chemical treatment is preferably carried out on the basis of a pickling agent. Since the carrier plate as such has a sufficient thickness, it is easily possible in the invention to provide relatively deep contouring on the top without compromising the mechanical strength of the carrier plate in question.

Incidentally, it goes without saying that, even in the production of fiber cement panels, it is possible to realize a corresponding contouring on the upper side of the building panel even in the panel form.

It is particularly advantageous that, after any mechanical and / or any chemical surface treatment, a coating is applied to the upper side, the lower side and / or the peripheral locking contours of the carrier plate. Such a coating can serve both for the protection of the surface and for decorative purposes.

As a coating of the support plate are especially an oil impregnation, a translucent coating, a covering coating, a compressed in the short cycle laminate coating, a coating with elastic surface layer, a coating with textile, a coating with HPL, a coating with veneer or wood topcoat, a mineral layer or coating and a synthetic resin layer or coating in question.

An oil impregnation is an impregnation layer, in particular based on an oxidative oil. Such an oil, which is also called stone oil, penetrates through the strong Absorbent capacity of the fiber cement existing carrier plate deep into the surface layer of the carrier plate and provides a very good protection against contamination. As a decorative effect, the surface structure of the raw carrier plate remains visible during oil impregnation. This supports the mineral impression or character of the building panel according to the invention. Incidentally, it is understood that by pigmented oil and a certain color design of the top of the support plate is possible.

Of course, the carrier plate can also be colored throughout. This purpose is served in particular by the pigments already mentioned above, which can be added to the cement as needed. The support plate may also comprise pigments of white cement.

In connection with the possible application of the oil to the underside and / or the locking contours may be noted that it has been found that the stabilization of the support plate results in total by the applied oil, the oil layer applied on the underside thus serves as a kind of beam , In fact, the oil layer applied to the underside should enhance the elastic properties of the carrier plate. The same applies, moreover, in the event that the oil layer is applied to the locking contours. In addition, there are then a "sliding effect" that facilitates the locking.

Since the building panel according to the invention, in particular when used as a floor slab, is laid "floating", ie without direct attachment to the floor, it is possible to achieve special properties of the building slabs through various sublayers and, moreover, improve the stability. Thus, on the underside with the carrier plate a counteracting layer firmly connected, in particular glued be. This can be, for example, a rolled layer, a paper layer that has been treated in particular, an HPL layer, a wood layer, a fabric layer, a glass fiber nonwoven layer and / or a cork layer. By one or more of the aforementioned layers, on the one hand, it is possible to reduce impact noise and, moreover, to compensate for unevenness in the substrate and to improve the stabilization of the carrier plate against breakage. Instead of the aforementioned Gegenzugschichten and the aforementioned oil layer can be provided as such as Gegenzugschicht. It goes without saying that, of course, it is of course also possible to provide the oil layer in combination with one or more of the aforementioned layers.

• – oberseitige lasierende Beschichtung, rückseitig ein- oder zweifache Beschichtung durch Aufwalzen;
• – oberseitige deckende Beschichtung, z. B. mit Acrylatfarben, insbesondere Reinacrylatfarben, im Gieß- oder Sprühverfahren, die zweifach aufgetragen und heißverfilmt werden, rückseitig mit ein- oder zweifacher Beschichtung durch Aufwalzen;
• – oberseitige Laminatbeschichtung im Kurztaktverfahren verpresst, insbesondere unter Verwendung von beharztem Dekorpapier und korundhaltigem Overlay, rückseitig mit beharztem Gegenzugpapier;
• – oberseitige Beschichtung mit elastischer Oberflächenschicht, z. B. Vinyl oder PUR-Schicht oder Linoleum oder Kautschuk oder Kork, rückseitig Korkgegenzug;
• – oberseitige Beschichtung mit Textil, rückseitig mit Korkgegenzug;
• – oberseitige Beschichtung mit HPL (High Pressure Laminate), rückseitig HPL-Gegenzug;
• – oberseitige Beschichtung mit Furnier oder Holzdeckschicht, rückseitig Holzgegenzugschicht;
• – oberseitige mineralische Schicht oder Beschichtung, z. B. Beschichtung auf Zement- oder Betonbasis, wie beispielsweise Polymerbeton, rückseitig Korkgegenzugschicht;
• – oberseitige Kunstharzschicht oder -beschichtung, rückseitig z. B. Korkgegenzugschicht.

Preferred combinations for top side coatings and bottom side backbone layers are as follows:

• - top-side translucent coating, reverse one or two-fold coating by rolling;
• - top-covering coating, z. B. with acrylate, in particular pure acrylate, by casting or spraying, which are applied twice and hot-filmed back with one or two times coating by rolling;
• - Pressed top-side laminate coating in the short-cycle process, in particular using resinated decor paper and corundum overlay, back with persistent Gegenzugpapier;
• - top-side coating with elastic surface layer, z. As vinyl or PUR layer or linoleum or rubber or cork, back cork lining;
• - top coating with textile, with cork backing on the back;
• - top-side coating with HPL (High Pressure Laminate), HPL backing on the reverse;
• - top-side coating with veneer or wood topcoat, on the back wood counter-coating layer;
• - Upper-side mineral layer or coating, z. B. Cement or concrete based coating, such as polymer concrete, cork backing layer on the back;
• - Upper synthetic resin layer or coating, the back z. B. cork backing layer.

It is to be noted that the above combinations of the upper side layer and the lower side opposing layer are possible embodiments, but it is basically possible to combine each of the above-mentioned upper side coatings with each of the aforementioned lower side opposing layers, though not mentioned in detail.

In connection with the present invention, it has furthermore been found that even a comparatively small layer thickness of the carrier plate is sufficient to realize the locking contours on the one hand and to ensure the strength necessary for the purpose of the invention on the other hand. It has been found that the carrier plate should have a layer thickness between 3 and 15 mm, preferably between 3, 5 to 10 mm and in particular between 4 to 8 mm. Also in terms of weight and therefore handling technology, such a small layer thickness has a positive effect, since a building plate with such a layer thickness is easy to lay.

In order to ensure a secure connection of adjacent support plates, the locking contours are provided circumferentially on the support plate or the edges of the support plate. It is preferred that the Verrieglungskonturen are formed complementary on opposite sides. This means, for example, that in the case of a groove-like design of the locking contour on the one side, a spring-like configuration of the locking contour matching the dimensions is provided on the opposite side.

While, as already mentioned above, a tongue and groove formation as a locking contour is already sufficient to lock adjacent building panels together, it offers to achieve a lock in all directions perpendicular to the abutting edge of the building panel particularly that the locking contours on at least two opposite Pages of the support plate are designed as click connection with a latching connection for locking with a carrier plate to be connected. Ultimately, the click connection leads to adjacent building panels being locked not only vertically but also horizontally.

Locking contours are preferably provided at a rectangular shaped support plate on both the long and the short sides. According to the invention, it has been found that a fiber concrete material, in particular if it is composed as indicated above, can be machined and cut so precisely that even the formation of locking contours, which are referred to in practice as click connection, is possible. In this case, the contouring of the locking contours is usually such that the building panel with its provided on one long side spring-like locking contour in a groove-like locking contour of the long side of an already laid building plate is slanted and results in pivoting down a locking and thus a lock. Before pivoting down the slanted building panel, it is still to be moved so that, when swung down, the locking contour of the short side to be lowered engages in the locking contour of the short side of the already laid building panel. After swinging down then there is a locking of the locking contours on both the long and the short sides.

Instead of or in addition to the click connection, it is also possible for the carrier plate to have an adhesive region, a magnetic region and / or a region with an elastic or expandable holding means in the region of the locking contours. For example, in the case of an adhesive area, it may be provided that such an adhesive is provided on a locking contour which only reacts with the same or another adhesive on the complementary locking structure when the adhesives have come into contact with one another. In this respect, the locking process is not affected by the adhesive itself. If such an adhesive or two such adhesive components used, thereby a permanent connection of two building panels is realized. It is understood that in principle it is also possible to attach at least one adhesive area at the end of a spring-like projection and / or groove bottom of a corresponding groove, so that the adhesive bond is effective only when the lock is at least substantially completed by inserting the locking contours ,

In the event that a detachable connection is to be realized, the use of magnets can be provided in the region of the locking contour. It is also possible to use in the region of the locking contours elastic means which project beyond the actual contour of the tongue and groove, so that after engagement of the locking contours a frictional engagement, optionally in conjunction with a positive connection results. Again, the respective connecting means may be provided at the end end on the spring element and / or on the groove bottom of the respective locking contour.

Incidentally, it is also possible to provide at least one expandable holding means, which can be activated, on one or both complementary locking contours. During or after activation, the holding means increases and then engages in a corresponding receptacle of the corresponding, complementary locking contour, so that in this way results in a positive connection.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawings and the drawing itself. All described and / or illustrated features alone or in any combination form the subject matter of the present invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or their dependency.

It shows

1 a schematic plan view of a rectangular building panel according to the present invention,

2 a schematic plan view of a square building block according to the invention,

3 a cross-sectional view of a support plate of a building panel according to the invention with an applied oil impregnation,

4 one of the 3 corresponding view of the carrier plate with a lower side Gegenzugschicht,

5 one of the 4 corresponding view of a carrier plate with another Gegenzugschicht,

6 a schematic cross-sectional view of the edge profiling of a carrier plate according to the invention,

7 a schematic cross-sectional view of a longitudinal edge profiling of a carrier plate according to the invention,

8th a schematic cross-sectional view of a head edge profiling of a carrier plate according to the invention,

9 schematic representations of the locking of adjacent building panels by means of magnets,

10 schematic representations of the locking of adjacent building panels with an adhesive bond and

11 schematic representations of the lock of adjacent building panels with an expandable holding means.

In the 1 and 2 is each a building plate 1 shown, which can be used as a wall or ceiling panel in the indoor or outdoor area and also as a facade panel. The building plate is preferred 1 but used as a base plate, which is also always referred to below. However, the following statements relate, insofar as they relate to the floor, in the same way for the wall, ceiling and facade area.

At the in 1 illustrated embodiment, the building plate 1 seen in plan view the shape of an elongated rectangle with long sides 2 . 3 and short sides 4 . 5 on. The long sides 2 . 3 , can have a length between 0.5 m and 3 m, while the short sides can have a length between 0.1 m to 1.0 m. In one embodiment of the invention, the building panel 1 a length of 0.6 m and a width of 0.3 m, in another embodiment, a length of 1.25 m and a width of 0.5 m. The aforementioned dimensions are preferably based on a building plate designed as a base plate. Will the building plate 1 used as a wall or ceiling plate, dimensions of 2.6 m in length and 0.5 m in width are provided in a preferred embodiment.

At the in 2 illustrated embodiment, the building plate 1 square in cross-section, so that the length of the long sides 2 . 3 the length of the short sides 4 . 5 equivalent. In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the building panel 1 out 2 the dimensions of 0.5 m × 0.5 m.

The building plate 1 has a carrier plate 6 on, on the peripherally peripheral locking contours 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 for locking with one or more similar building panels 1 are provided. In the in the 1 and 2 illustrated embodiment, the locking contours 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 on opposite sides of the carrier plate 6 formed complementary. So is located on the long side 2 a groove-like locking contour 7 while on the opposite long side 3 a feathery locking contour 8th located. At the short side 4 There is also a groove-like locking contour 9 while on the opposite short side a complementary spring-like locking contour 10 is seen.

It should be noted that the groove-like locking contours 7 . 9 identical, but also functionally different. The same applies to the complementary locking contours 8th . 10 ,

From the contouring of the locking contours 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 Her corresponds to the embodiment according to 2 the building plate 1 according to 1 ,

It is now planned that the carrier plate 6 at which the locking contours 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 made by means of a milling made of fiber cement. The constituents of the fiber cement, with the exception of the fibers, are of a grain size such that no constituents with a diameter greater than 0.5 mm are present. Both the cement component as such as well as the other aggregates and other additives - with the exception of the fibers - have a very fine grain size. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, all components - with the exception of the fibers - powder or flour-shaped.

In the following, some composition examples are given which have proven positive with regard to the necessary strength, the ability to be milled and also the realization of locking contours, in particular with regard to the production of a click connection. EXAMPLE 1 cement 70% Silica flour / limestone 5% polyethylene fibers 2.5% Polyvinyl alcohol fibers 1,5% cellulose fibers 4% pigments 2% water 15% Example 2: cement 68.5% Silica flour / limestone 7% polyethylene fibers 3% Polyvinyl alcohol fibers 1,5% cellulose fibers 5% water 15% Example 3: cement 65% Silica flour / limestone 10.3% polyethylene fibers 3% Polyvinyl alcohol fibers 1,5% cellulose fibers 4% pigments 1% water 15.2% Example 4: cement 68% Silica flour / limestone 9.3% polyethylene fibers 3% Polyvinyl alcohol fibers 1,5% cellulose fibers 3% water 15.2%

It is expressly pointed out that the individual concrete values of the example compositions can in principle be such that each individual component can deviate between +/- 10% from the respectively specified value.

In particular, by changing the fiber content, the properties of the fiber cement can be greatly influenced. Ideally, the proportion of polyethylene fibers should be between 1 to 4%, preferably between 1.5 and 3.5%, and more preferably between 2.0 and 3.0%.

The proportion of polyvinyl alcohol fibers can be kept relatively constant between 1 to 2%, preferably between 1.4 to 1.8% and in particular between 1.5 to 1.7%.

The proportion of cellulose fibers is preferably between 0.5 and 8%, in particular between 1 and 6% and particularly preferably between 1.2 and 5.5%.

The hardness and strength of the fiber cement can be adjusted very much over the proportion of cement, which should be between 50 to 80%, preferably between 55 to 78% and in particular between 60 and 70%.

The proportion of the silicon dioxide flour or the limestone powder ultimately serves to compensate or "fill up" the cement content. The lower the proportion of cement, the higher the proportion of silica flour / limestone meal and vice versa.

The proportion of water, as far as the chemically bound water is concerned, hardly influence, but depends strongly on the proportion of cement, which binds the water chemically. This share is between 5 and 10%. The unbound water could basically be expelled, but this is not necessarily required. This water content is also between 5 and 10%.

The pigment content ultimately depends on whether a coloring of the building plate 1 or the carrier plate 6 is desired.

Within the aforementioned ranges, all individual values and intermediate intervals are considered essential to the invention, even if these are not specified in detail. Nevertheless, depending on the desired properties of the fiber cement, the proportion of the individual constituents can be changed as needed. The examples given are merely preferred embodiments.

Not shown is the top 11 the carrier plate 6 is contoured, so has a surface contour and structure. This has been realized in the present case by brushing and grinding.

In the 3 to 5 is on the top 11 an impregnation in the form of an oil layer 12 applied. The oil of the oil layer 12 is an oxidative oil that, as can be seen from the 3 to 5 results in the surface area of the carrier plate 6 from the top 11 has penetrated starting. It should be noted that it is also possible in principle, an oil layer on the bottom 13 the carrier plate 6 which then serves as a counteracting layer, and / or on one or more of the locking contours 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 provided.

It should be noted that the oil of the oil layer 12 Also pigmented may be a coloring (only) of the top 11 the carrier plate 6 to achieve.

Incidentally, not shown is directly on the top 11 the carrier plate 6 a color layer, for example in the form of a decoration may be located, which may be formed as needed synchronously with the contouring. The color layer may have different colors, in particular also to better illustrate the contouring or its three-dimensional design. To protect the color layer can then on these the oil layer 12 be applied.

Incidentally, it should also be noted that it is also possible in principle, instead of the oil layer 12 to provide a lacquer layer, a resin layer or other protective layer.

For completeness, it should be mentioned that it is also possible in principle, other layers, possibly even on opaque layers on top 11 the carrier plate 6 apply, even if thereby the mineral character of the top 11 the building plate 1 get lost.

In the illustrated embodiments, the carrier plate 6 a thickness of 4 mm, 6 mm and 8 mm. It is understood that it is of course also possible in principle to provide smaller or larger thicknesses.

At the in 3 illustrated embodiment forms the bottom 13 the carrier plate 6 the bottom of the building plate 1 , In the simplest, not shown embodiment of the building panel 1 is not even the oil layer 12 intended. In this case forms the support plate 6 as such, the building plate 1 ,

In the embodiment according to 4 shows the building plate 1 on the underside a counterbalancing layer 14 on. The backbone layer 14 is over an adhesive layer 15 with the bottom 13 the carrier plate 6 bonded. In the embodiment according to 4 is the backbone layer 14 constructed in a single layer and has a cork layer 15 on. The cork layer 15 is over an adhesive layer 16 with the bottom 13 the carrier plate 6 connected.

At the in 5 embodiment shown is the Gegenzugschicht 14 designed in two layers and has a cork layer on the underside 15 and overlying a reinforcing layer 17 from a fiberglass fleece. Instead of the glass fiber fleece, a fabric layer can also be provided. It is understood that the cork layer 15 with the reinforcing layer 17 is glued accordingly, even if this is not shown in detail.

In the 6 to 8th are examples of locking contours of the building panel 1 or the carrier plate 6 shown. At the in 6 illustrated embodiment is the simplest embodiment of a locking contour. It is on one side of the support plate 6 a groove 18 provided while on the other side a spring 19 is provided as a complementary locking means.

In the embodiment according to 7 are present on the long sides 2 . 3 Locking contours provided, which are designed to realize a click connection. These locking contours are designed to be complementary, so that it is possible to adjacent building panels 1 connect accordingly or "click". After the click connection is made, interconnected building panels 1 locked in the horizontal plane and in the vertical plane. The same applies to the short sides when the lock has been made.

In detail, the locking contour looks 7 on the long side 2 so look for a groove area 20 and a latching leg 21 with a locking projection 22 is provided while at the long side 3 a feather area 23 with an underside latching projection 24 is provided. When inserting the spring area 23 in the groove area 20 engages behind the locking leg 21 with the locking projection 22 the locking projection 24 ,

In the area of the short side 4 indicates the locking contour 9 a feathery push button 25 on, for latching in a groove-like push-button receptacle 26 on the short side 5 is provided. The push button recording 26 Ultimately, this is also achieved by a locking leg 27 educated.

In the 9 to 11 are schematically different locking techniques of the building panel 1 or the carrier plate 6 shown. The respective locking contours 7 . 8th have a tongue and groove contour for simplicity, but also other locking contours can be provided. In the area of the groove 18 is in each case an extended lower leg 28 intended. On the top of the thigh 28 there is a recess 29 extending over the length of the thigh 28 can extend. Corresponding to the thigh 28 is the spring 19 educated. At the bottom of the spring 19 there is also a recess 30 that extends well over the entire length of the spring 19 can extend. In the embodiment according to 9 is now provided that in the recesses 29 . 30 respectively corresponding magnets 31 . 32 are introduced, which has a certain holding effect of the building panels 1 in the inserted state.

In the embodiment according to 10 are in the recesses 29 . 30 different adhesives 33 . 34 that react only when they come in contact with each other, as in 10 is shown. However, it is understood that it is also possible to realize the adhesive bond in another way, for example, by placing an adhesive layer on the front of the spring or on the groove base. Also, the use of an adhesive system with two different adhesives is not essential.

At the in 11 illustrated embodiment is in the recess 30 an activatable, expandable holding means 35 brought in. The holding means 35 can be brought into an enlarged state with appropriate activation, for example by a temperature increase or by an electrical activation, as shown in the lower illustration of 11 is shown. Also in this way then results in a lock that can be canceled if necessary, again.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

building slab

2

long side

3

long side

4

short side

5

short side

6

support plate

7

locking profile

8th

locking profile

9

locking profile

10

locking profile

11

top

12

oil layer

13

bottom

14

counteracting

15

cork

16

adhesive layer

17

reinforcing layer

18

groove

19

feather

20

groove region

21

latching leg

22

catch projection

23

spring range

24

catch projection

25

push-button

26

Press stud receiver

27

latching leg

28

leg

29

recess

30

recess

31

magnet

32

magnet

33

adhesive

34

adhesive

35

holding means

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 20314719 U1 [0002]
• DE 10148245 [0004]
• DE 10148245 A1 [0004, 0004]

Claims (11)

Building plate ( 1 ), in particular for use as a floor, wall or ceiling plate, with a carrier plate ( 6 ), on the edge locking contours ( 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 ) for locking with at least one similar building plate ( 1 ) are provided, characterized in that the carrier plate ( 6 ) consists of a mineral material, preferably of fiber cement, fiber concrete, polymer cement, polymer concrete, glass fiber cement or glass fiber reinforced concrete. Building panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber cement with the exception of the fibers has no components with a diameter greater than 1 mm, in particular greater than 0.5 mm and more preferably greater than 0.01 mm and that, preferably, the constituents of the fiber cement Exception of the fibers are powdery or flour-shaped. Building panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fiber cement comprises the following constituents: cement 40 to 80% fibers 3 to 15% Silica flour / limestone 0 to 25% Water (chemically bound and unbound) 10 to 20% pigments 0 to 8% especially cement 50 to 79% fibers 3.5 to 12% Silica flour / limestone 0 to 20% Water (chemically bound and unbound) 13 to 17% pigments 0 to 7% wherein the percentages in percent by mass in the cured state of the support plate ( 6 ) are to be understood. Building panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as fibers plastic fibers, in particular polypropylene, polyethylene, aramid, polyacrylonitrile or polyvinyl alcohol fibers or mixtures of the aforementioned fibers, between 2 to 15%, in particular between 2.5 to 6% are provided and / or that carbon and / or cellulose fibers are provided between 0 to 10%, in particular between 1 to 6%. Building panel according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the upper side ( 11 ) of the carrier plate ( 6 ) is chemically processed, in particular by grinding, brushing or sandblasting, mechanically and / or by pickling by means of a pickling agent and / or that on the upper side ( 11 ), the bottom ( 13 ) and / or the locking contours ( 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 ) of the carrier plate ( 6 ) one in particular in the surface layer of the carrier plate ( 6 ) penetrating, single or multi-layer coating is applied. Building panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating as a particular pigmented oil impregnation in the form of an oil layer ( 12 ), in particular based on an oxidative oil, as a translucent coating, as opaque coating, as in the short cycle pressed laminate coating, as a coating with elastic surface layer, as a coating with textile, as a coating with HPL, as a coating with veneer or wood topcoat, as a mineral layer or Coating or as a synthetic resin layer or coating is formed. Building panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that below the support plate ( 6 ) a counterbalancing layer ( 14 ) and that, preferably, the counteracting layer ( 14 ) with the carrier plate ( 6 ), in particular adhesively bonded, and that, preferably, the counteracting layer ( 14 ) a rolled-on coating, a particularly resinated paper layer, an HPL layer, a layer of wood, a cork layer ( 15 ), a fabric layer, an oil layer ( 12 ) and / or a glass fiber nonwoven layer. Building panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support plate ( 6 ) has a layer thickness between 3 and 15 mm, preferably between 3.5 to 10 mm and in particular between 4 and 8 mm. Building panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking contours ( 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 ) circumferentially on the support plate ( 6 ) are provided, wherein the locking contours ( 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 ) on opposite sides of the carrier plate ( 6 ) are formed complementary. Building panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking contours ( 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 ) on at least two opposite sides of the carrier plate ( 6 ) as a click connection with a latching connection for latching with a carrier plate to be connected ( 6 ) are formed. Building panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support plate ( 6 ) in the area of the locking contours ( 7 . 8th . 9 . 10 ) a magnetic region, an adhesive region or a region with an elastic or expandable retaining means ( 35 ) having.

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