DE102013212219A1 - Charging cable for charging an electrical energy store in an electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging cable for charging an electrical energy store in an electric vehicle (2). The charging cable according to the invention comprises a first cable section (101) with a control line for data exchange with the electric vehicle (2) via first communication signals based on a communication according to a first standard and with a plurality of power lines for supplying alternating current to the electric vehicle (2), around which to charge electrical energy storage devices electrically, the first cable section (101) comprising at a first end of the charging cable (1) a first charging connection (103) which can be connected to a vehicle-side charging connection (201) of the electric vehicle (2) for the charging process. Furthermore, a second cable section (102) is provided with a plurality of power lines for the transmission of alternating current from a power supply unit (H) to the first cable section (101), the second cable section (102) at a second end opposite the first end of the charging cable (1) comprises a second charging connection (104) which can be connected to a power supply connection (3) of the power supply unit (H) for the charging process. Furthermore, the charging cable according to the invention comprises a converter (105), which is designed such that during the charging process it converts first communication signals on the control line, which come from the electric vehicle (1), into second communication signals for transmission to the power supply unit (H) and that it during the charging process converts second communication signals, which originate from the power supply unit (H), into first communication signals on the control line for transmission to the electric vehicle (1), the second communication signals being based on communication according to a second standard via the power lines of the second cable section (102 ) and / or based on a communication according to a wireless communication protocol.

Description

The invention relates to a charging cable for charging an electrical energy store in an electric vehicle. The term of the electric vehicle is to be understood and includes any type of motor vehicle, which has an electrical energy storage to its drive, such. B. purely electrically powered vehicles or plug-in hybrid vehicles.

For charging electric vehicles usually specially designed charging stations (so-called wallboxes) are used. Such charging stations often also support a so-called intelligent charging, in which the charging process is controlled from the outside based on a variety of criteria. In the context of intelligent charging, information about a standardized communication in the form of a PLC communication (PLC = Power Line Communication) is transmitted between the vehicle and the charging station. For charging, a charging cable is used, in which signals are transmitted via a special control line based on the standardized communication. The charging cable is firmly connected to the wallbox and is connected via a charging plug to a charging socket of the vehicle. The wallbox has a power and data connection.

In order to enable the charging of an electric vehicle to conventional household power connections, special charging cables are known with which a signal transmission based on pulse width modulation via a control line in the charging cable is made possible. However, with these charging cables, no intelligent charging can be performed using standardized communication on the control line.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a charging cable for charging an electrical energy storage in an electric vehicle, which allows charging using a standardized communication to a power connection without wallbox.

This object is achieved by the charging cable according to claim 1. Further developments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

The charging cable according to the invention comprises a first cable section with a control line for data exchange with the electric vehicle via first communication signals based on a communication and in particular a PLC communication according to a first standard and with a plurality of power lines for supplying alternating current to the electric vehicle to the electric energy storage in Electric vehicle to charge electrically. The first cable section comprises at a first end of the charging cable a first charging connection which can be connected for the charging process with a vehicle-side charging connection of the electric vehicle.

The charging cable further includes a second cable section having a plurality of power lines for transmitting alternating current from a power supply unit to the first cable section, this alternating current being the above described alternating current for supply to the electric vehicle. The second cable section comprises at a second end of the charging cable opposite the first end a second charging connection which can be connected to a power supply connection of the power supply unit for the charging process. The above terms of the first and second cable sections are to be understood here and in the following. In particular, one of the cable sections can also comprise only the corresponding first or second charging connection, in which case the power lines or the control line can only be represented by the corresponding connections or pins in the charging connection. The second cable section preferably does not comprise a control line or an existing control line is not used for communication.

In the charging cable according to the invention, a converter is provided, which is configured such that it converts the first communication signals on the control line, which originate from the electric vehicle in the second communication signals for transmission to the power supply unit and during charging second communication signals, which from the Power supply originate in first communication signals on the control line for transmission to the electric vehicle converts. In this case, the second communication signals are transmitted based on a communication and in particular a PLC communication according to a second standard via the power lines of the second cable section. Alternatively or additionally, the second communication signals may also be transmitted based on a communication according to a wireless communication protocol.

The charging cable according to the invention has the advantage that via a converter the possibility is created to implement a communication with the vehicle in a different type of communication, the data transmission no additional control line (data line) needed and thus also allows an intelligent electrical charging without using a wallbox ,

Depending on the embodiment of the charging cable, this cable for charging with single-phase and / or multi-phase alternating current, z. B. three-phase AC, be provided. Preferably, the transducer is disposed in the charging cable between the first and the second cable section. This direct integration of the converter in the cable ensures a compact design of the charging cable.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first charging port is based on the Standard IEC 62196-2 , which defines plug types for charging electric vehicles via alternating current. The control line leads to the well-known from the standard pilot contact of the first charging port.

In a further, particularly preferred embodiment, the PLC communication according to the first standard is based on HomePlug GreenPHY, which according to the Standard ISO / IEC 15118 When charging an electric vehicle on the physical and the L2 layer is used for data transmission.

In another particularly preferred embodiment, the second charging port is a conventional household power plug for connection to a power supply terminal in the form of a conventional single phase household power outlet. In this way it is possible to charge the electric vehicle to electrical outlets in private households. Nevertheless, if desired, the second charging port may also be a terminal for connection to a power supply terminal in the form of a three-phase current connection.

In a further preferred variant, the PLC communication used in the charging cable is based on HomePlug AV and / or HomePlug AV2 in accordance with the second standard. These standards, which are known per se, are frequently used for data transmission in power lines of households.

In a further preferred embodiment, the communication used in the charging cable according to the invention is based on WLAN according to the wireless communication protocol ( Standard IEEE 802.11 ) and / or ZigBee ( Standard IEEE 802.15.4 ), which both specify the data transmission on the physical layer and the L2 layer.

An embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the attached 1 described in detail. This figure shows a scenario of charging an electric vehicle with the charging cable according to the invention.

According to the presentation of the 1 should an electric vehicle 2 at the household socket 3 of a household H to be loaded. For this purpose, the charging cable described in detail below 1 used. The vehicle 2 is for an AC load based on a plug system according to the Standard IEC 62196-2 designed and includes a corresponding socket 201 according to this standard. The vehicle can be based on the mode 3 after this Standard IEC 61851-1 using a pilot contact in the charging socket 201 getting charged. About the pilot contact are in a pilot line of the charging cable 1 Information about the charging process is transmitted. In the variant of the invention described here, a PLC communication based on HomePlug GreenPHY takes place via the pilot contact Standard ISO / IEC 15118 , This will transfer a lot of information between the vehicle 1 and the household H as part of the charging process, whereby the charging process can be suitably controlled based on a variety of criteria.

Conventionally, the charging cable leads directly to a so-called wallbox of household H, which converts the communication signals on the pilot line into corresponding communication commands of a protocol used in the household H network for data transmission (eg the Ethernet protocol on the L2). Layer). Similarly, in the wallbox for the vehicle certain communication signals can be converted from the household network into communication signals of the PLC communication according to HomePlug GreenPHY and transmitted to the vehicle via the charging cable.

According to the invention will now be dispensed with the use of a fixed wallbox and at the same time the charging of the electric vehicle using a PLC communication over a conventional household socket are made possible. For this purpose, the in 1 shown charging cable 1 used, which has a first cable section 101 and a second cable section 102 having. Between these two cable sections is a transducer 105 , At the end of the first cable section adjacent to the vehicle 2 there is a charging plug 103 when charging with the charging socket 201 of the vehicle is connected. As mentioned above, the charging plug is based on the Standard IEC 62196-2 and thus includes a pilot contact leading to a pilot line in the cable section 101 leads and with a corresponding pilot contact in the charging socket 201 connected is. In the cable section 101 Furthermore, corresponding power lines are provided for the transmission of alternating current, wherein, depending on the application, in addition to the protective conductor and neutral conductor, a single current phase or optionally also several current phases are present. In the scenario of 1 Only one phase of current is used for single-phase AC charging.

To the first cable section 101 closes the already mentioned converter 105 at. This transducer is followed by the second cable section 102 which comprises a phase for the transmission of alternating current as well as neutral conductor and protective conductor. A pilot conductor is not present for this cable section. The cable section 102 ends in a charging plug 104 , which is a conventional household power plug and while charging with the household socket 3 in the household H is connected. In the embodiment of the charging cable described here 1 converts the converter 105 the PLC signals on the pilot line of the first charging section 101 in PLC signals that do not have a separate pilot line over the power lines of the second cable section 102 be transmitted. The PLC signals in the cable section 102 are based on the standard HomePlug AV. This signal conversion now makes it possible for the PLC communication via the household socket 3 in the live wires of the domestic installation of household H is continued.

In 1 are the power lines in the household H indicated by dashed lines, whereas pure communication paths are shown with dash-dotted lines. The communication paths according to the dashed lines are based on the wireless communication standard WLAN. In a modified embodiment, the communication paths may also be based on a wire-based communication standard. Alternating current from the household to the household socket via the live lines 3 and from there via the charging cable 1 to the electric vehicle 2 guided. The current-carrying line marked L is connected to the household socket 3 starts, leads to a PLC modem 4 , On line L, in addition to alternating current, the PLC communication signals are also transmitted based on HomePlug AV. The PLC modem 4 converts these signals into communication signals based on WLAN, which is sent to a wireless router 5 be forwarded and distributed by this into the wireless network of the household. As a wireless communication protocol may optionally instead of WLAN and another protocol, such. B. ZigBee used. In an analogous manner, communication signals from the household H wireless communication network are transmitted via the PLC modem 4 implemented in communication signals of the standard HomePlug AV and over the line L to the household socket 3 and from there to the charging cable 1 forwarded. The converter 105 in the charging cable 1 converts these signals into PLC communication signals based on HomePlug GreenPHY. These signals are then transmitted via the first charging section 101 forwarded to the vehicle.

In 1 are exemplary as components of the household H a so-called. Home Energy Management System 6 , a combined heat and power plant 7 and a storage battery 8th shown, wherein the storage battery, the energy of a solar system 9 stored electrochemically. The home energy management system 6 is also coupled to the public grid N, from which the household H can draw electricity. Depending on the charging strategy, the charging current for the electric vehicle from the combined heat and power plant 7 , the storage battery 8th or the public network N provided. The Home Energy Management System allows intelligent charging control as part of charging the electric vehicle. In this case, for example, charging plans can be transmitted to the electric vehicle. Likewise, the vehicle can receive information about the state of charge of its battery as well as the departure time of the vehicle and the like, which are taken into account during the charging process. The exchange of this information may be based on communication protocols in layers above the L2 layer, e.g. Based on KNX, SEP 2.0 or ECHONET. Optionally, the vehicle communicates directly with the home energy management system 6 on the Standard ISO 15118 , In the scenario of 1 is the router 5 also coupled via the Internet to a back end of the vehicle manufacturer. This allows information related to the loading strategy to be matched with the backend. Furthermore, information about a mobile radio interface to the vehicle can possibly be transmitted via the backend 2 be transmitted.

As can be seen from the above, is through the charging cable 1 enables smart charging of the electric vehicle with data exchange based on PLC communication. This is achieved by a converter converting PLC communication signals based on HomePlug GreenPHY into signals of a PLC communication according to the standard HomePlug AV, which takes place purely via power lines. Thus, the charging cable can be connected via a conventional household plug directly to the household socket of a household. In a modification of the charging cable of the 1 is the converter 105 such that it does not convert the PLC signals based on HomePlug GreenPHY into PLC signals based on HomePlug AV, but converts these signals directly into WLAN signals and transmits them wirelessly, so that the signals in the household's WLAN network and the router 5 can be processed. In this case may be due to the use of the PLC modem 4 be waived. Optionally, the converter 105 also be designed such that it allows both a conversion to WLAN signals as well as in PLC communication signals based on HomePlug AV.

The embodiment of the invention described above has a number of advantages. In particular, the charging cable according to the invention enables intelligent charging using PLC communication on a common household socket, without having to provide a permanently installed wallbox in the household. This is achieved by converting the vehicle-based PLC communication signals into communication signals that can be processed in the household via a converter in the charging cable. The charging cable is particularly suitable for charging plug-in hybrid vehicles, the electrical energy storage can be externally charged. The capacity of the energy storage is much lower compared to purely electrically driven vehicles, so that is sufficient for charging the power from a conventional household installation.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

charge cable

101

first loading section

102

second loading section

103, 104

charging plug

105

converter

2

electric vehicle

201

vehicle-side charging socket

3

household outlet

L

power line

4

PLC modem

5

router

6

Home Energy Management System

7

Combined heat and power plant

8th

storage battery

9

solar system

10

backend

H

household

N

public power grid

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• Standard IEC 62196-2 [0011]
• Standard ISO / IEC 15118 [0012]
• Standard IEEE 802.11 [0015]
• Standard IEEE 802.15.4 [0015]
• Standard IEC 62196-2 [0017]
• Standard IEC 61851-1 [0017]
• Standard ISO / IEC 15118 [0017]
• Standard IEC 62196-2 [0019]
• Standard ISO 15118 [0022]

Claims (10)

Charging cable for charging an electrical energy store in an electric vehicle ( 2 ), whereby the charging cable ( 1 ) comprises: - a first cable section ( 101 ) with a control line for data exchange with the electric vehicle ( 2 ) via first communication signals based on communication according to a first standard and with a plurality of power lines for supplying alternating current to the electric vehicle ( 2 ) to electrically charge the electrical energy store, the first cable section ( 101 ) at a first end of the charging cable ( 1 ) a first charging port ( 103 ) for charging with a vehicle-side charging port ( 201 ) of the electric vehicle ( 2 ) is connectable; A second cable section ( 102 ) with a plurality of power lines for transferring alternating current from a power supply unit (H) to the first cable section ( 101 ), wherein the second cable section ( 102 ) at a second, opposite to the first end of the charging cable ( 1 ) a second charging port ( 104 ) for charging with a power supply connection ( 3 ) of the power supply unit (H) is connectable; A converter ( 105 ) configured to receive, during the charging process, first communication signals on the control line received from the electric vehicle ( 1 ), in second communication signals for transmission to the power supply unit (H) converts and that during charging second communication signals, which originate from the power supply unit (H), into first communication signals on the control line for transmission to the electric vehicle ( 1 ), the second communication signals being based on communication according to a second standard via the power lines of the second cable section (FIG. 102 ) and / or based on communication according to a wireless communication protocol. Charging cable according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication according to the first standard is a PLC communication and / or the communication according to the second standard is a PLC communication. Charging cable according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the charging cable ( 1 ) is designed for charging with single-phase and / or multi-phase alternating current. Charging cable according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the converter ( 105 ) in the charging cable ( 1 ) between the first and second cable sections ( 101 . 102 ) is arranged. Charging cable according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first charging connection ( 103 ) is based on the standard IEC 62196-2, whereby the control line to the pilot contact of the first charging connection ( 103 ) leads. Charging cable according to one of the preceding claims in combination with claim 2, characterized in that the PLC communication according to the first standard is based on HomePlug GreenPHY. Charging cable according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second charging connection ( 104 ) a household power plug for connection to a power supply terminal ( 3 ) in the form of a single phase household socket. Charging cable according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second charging connection ( 104 ) is a terminal for connecting to a power supply terminal in the form of a three-phase connection. Charging cable according to any one of the preceding claims in combination with claim 2, characterized in that the PLC communication according to the second standard on HomePlug AV and / or HomePlug AV2 based. Charging cable according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the communication according to the wireless communication protocol based on WLAN and / or ZigBee.

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