DE102011010049A1 - Vehicle e.g. electric vehicle, has vehicle communication unit providing information about charging condition or charging parameter of battery, where information is inductively transmitted to charging device over vehicle coil - Google Patents

Vehicle e.g. electric vehicle, has vehicle communication unit providing information about charging condition or charging parameter of battery, where information is inductively transmitted to charging device over vehicle coil Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102011010049A1
DE102011010049A1 DE102011010049A DE102011010049A DE102011010049A1 DE 102011010049 A1 DE102011010049 A1 DE 102011010049A1 DE 102011010049 A DE102011010049 A DE 102011010049A DE 102011010049 A DE102011010049 A DE 102011010049A DE 102011010049 A1 DE102011010049 A1 DE 102011010049A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
vehicle
charging
battery
coil
information
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DE102011010049A
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German (de)
Inventor
Dipl.-Ing. Baier Karlheinz
Dipl.-Ing. Kronewitter Matthias
Dipl.-Ing.(BA) Weber Thomas
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Mercedes Benz Group AG
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Daimler AG
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Priority to DE102011010049A priority Critical patent/DE102011010049A1/en
Publication of DE102011010049A1 publication Critical patent/DE102011010049A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The vehicle has a vehicle coil (18) for inductive reception of a charge current for a battery (16) i.e. traction battery. A vehicle communication unit (22) provides information about a charging condition or a charging parameter of the battery. The information from the vehicle communication unit is inductively transmitted to a charging device over the vehicle coil, where the charging device is placed outside the vehicle. A rectifier (20) i.e. passive rectifier, rectifies the charge current for the battery. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a charging device for charging a battery of a vehicle (2) a method for charging of an battery of a vehicle.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Fahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Über dies betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung eine Ladevorrichtung zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 3. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 5. Schließlich betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 7.The present invention relates to a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1. The present invention relates to a charging device for charging a battery of a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 3. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for charging a battery of a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 5. Finally, the present invention relates to a method for charging a battery of a vehicle according to the preamble of patent claim 7.

Beim kabellosen Laden von Batterien von Elektrofahrzeugen wird über einen Luftspalt zwischen einer ersten Spule, die sich im Fahrzeug befindet, und einer zweiten Spule, die einer Ladestation zugeordnet ist, elektrische Energie nach dem Trafoprinzip übertragen. Hierbei wird üblicherweise fahrzeugseitig zusätzliche Leistungselektronik, wie z. B. Gleichrichter bzw. Strom- und Spannungsregler, benötigt. Speziell zur Anpassung des Ladestroms bzw. der Ladespannung der Batterie werden Hoch- oder Tiefsetzsteller eingesetzt, welche üblicherweise Induktivitäten für die Speicherung des elektrischen Stroms umfassen.When wirelessly charging batteries of electric vehicles is transmitted via an air gap between a first coil, which is located in the vehicle, and a second coil, which is associated with a charging station, electrical energy according to the transformer principle. This is usually the vehicle side additional power electronics, such. As rectifier or current and voltage regulator needed. Especially for adjusting the charging current or the charging voltage of the battery buck-boost or step-down converter are used, which usually include inductors for storing the electric current.

Aus der Druckschrift US 4 496 896 A1 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs als bekannt zu entnehmen, bei welcher die elektrische Energie zum Laden der Batterie zwischen einer Spule im Fahrzeug und einer Spule in der Ladestation induktiv übertragen wird. Zudem umfassen das Fahrzeug und die Ladestation jeweils eine weitere Spule, über deren Kopplung eine Kommunikation zwischen dem Fahrzeug und der Ladestation ermöglicht wird, infolge welcher ein kontrolliertes Laden der Batterie in Abhängigkeit von der Position des Fahrzeugs zur Ladestation und dem Ladezustand der Batterie ermöglicht wird.From the publication US Pat. No. 4,496,896 A1 a device for charging a battery of a vehicle is known to be known, in which the electrical energy for charging the battery between a coil in the vehicle and a coil in the charging station is transmitted inductively. In addition, the vehicle and the charging station each comprise a further coil, via the coupling of a communication between the vehicle and the charging station is enabled, as a result of which a controlled charging of the battery depending on the position of the vehicle to the charging station and the state of charge of the battery is enabled.

Als nachteilig an einer derartigen Vorrichtung zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs ist der Umstand zu betrachten, dass hier durch einen aufwendigen und komplexen Aufbau eine Kommunikationseinrichtung zwischen dem Fahrzeug und der Ladestation hergestellt wird.A disadvantage of such a device for charging a battery of a vehicle is to consider the fact that a communication device between the vehicle and the charging station is made here by a complex and complex structure.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Ladevorrichtung und Verfahren zum kabellosen Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs zu schaffen, mittels welcher besonders einfach und effektiv das Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs an einer entsprechenden Ladestation ermöglicht und kontrolliert werden kann.Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a charging device and method for wireless charging a battery of a vehicle, by means of which particularly simple and effective charging a battery of a vehicle at a corresponding charging station allows and can be controlled.

Erfindungsgemäß wird für diese Aufgabe bereitgestellt ein Fahrzeug mit

  • – einer Batterie,
  • – einer Fahrzeugspule zum induktiven Aufnehmen eines Ladestroms für die Batterie,
  • – einer Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung zum Bereitstellen einer Information bezüglich des Ladezustands oder einer Ladegröße der Batterie, wobei
  • – die von der Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung bereitgestellte Information über die Fahrzeugspule induktiv an eine fahrzeugexterne Ladevorrichtung übertragbar ist.
According to the invention, a vehicle is provided for this task
  • - a battery,
  • A vehicle coil for inductively receiving a charging current for the battery,
  • - A vehicle communication device for providing information regarding the state of charge or a charging size of the battery, wherein
  • - The information provided by the vehicle communication device via the vehicle coil is inductively transferable to a vehicle-external charging device.

Mit der Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung wird entweder eine Information über den Ladezustand der Batterie, d. h. zu welchem Anteil bezogen auf den vollständig aufgeladen Zustand die Batterie aufgeladen ist, oder eine Information über eine Ladegröße, wie z. B. den Batteriestrom und/oder die Batteriespannung, bereitgestellt. Diese Information wird über die Fahrzeugspule an die Ladevorrichtung übertragen. Auf diese Weise kann der von der fahrzeugexternen Ladevorrichtung an die Fahrzeugspule induktiv übertragene Ladestrom geregelt werden.With the vehicle communication device is either information about the state of charge of the battery, d. H. at what proportion based on the fully charged state, the battery is charged, or information about a charging size, such. As the battery power and / or the battery voltage provided. This information is transmitted to the charging device via the vehicle coil. In this way, the charging current inductively transmitted to the vehicle coil by the vehicle-external charging device can be regulated.

Somit wird fahrzeugseitig keine zusätzliche Leistungselektronik, wie z. B. Hoch- oder Tiefsetzsteller, benötigt, um die Amplitude des Ladestroms an den Ladezustand der Batterie anzupassen. Daher können die ansonsten hierfür anfallenden Kosten eingespart werden und das Gewicht des Fahrzeugs reduziert werden. Das von der Ladestation an die Fahrzeugspule übertragene Wechselsignal soll zum Laden der Batterie gleichgerichtet werden. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst das Fahrzeug zu diesem Zweck einen Gleichrichter, insbesondere einen passiven Gleichrichter.Thus, the vehicle side no additional power electronics, such. As buck or boost converter, needed to adjust the amplitude of the charging current to the state of charge of the battery. Therefore, the otherwise incurred costs can be saved and the weight of the vehicle can be reduced. The transferred from the charging station to the vehicle coil alternating signal should be rectified to charge the battery. In a preferred embodiment, the vehicle comprises for this purpose a rectifier, in particular a passive rectifier.

Darüber hinaus wird erfindungsgemäß für die Aufgabe bereitgestellt eine Ladevorrichtung zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs mit

  • – einer Einspeiseinrichtung zum Bereitstellen eines Ladestroms,
  • – einer Ladekommunikationseinrichtung zum Bereitstellen einer Information bezüglich des Ladens der Batterie und
  • – einer Ladespule, mit der der Ladestrom von der Einspeiseinrichtung induktiv an das Fahrzeug übertragbar ist, wobei
  • – die von der Ladekommunikationseinrichtung bereitgestellte Information über die Ladespule induktiv an das Fahrzeug übertragbar ist.
In addition, the invention provides for the task a charging device for charging a battery of a vehicle
  • A feed device for providing a charging current,
  • A charging communication device for providing information regarding the charging of the battery and
  • - A charging coil with which the charging current of the feed device is inductively transferable to the vehicle, wherein
  • - The information provided by the charging device information about the charging coil is inductively transferable to the vehicle.

Die Einspeiseeinrichtung der Ladevorrichtung ist mit einem Wechselspannungsnetz verbunden und überträgt den Ladestrom an die Ladespule, mittels welcher der Ladestrom für das Fahrzeug bereitgestellt wird. Die Ladekommunikationseinrichtung stellt hierzu eine Information über das Laden der Batterie bereit, welche ebenfalls über die Ladespule an das Fahrzeug übertragen wird.The feeding device of the charging device is connected to an alternating voltage network and transmits the charging current to the charging coil, by means of which the charging current for the vehicle is provided. For this purpose, the charging communication device provides information about the charging of the battery, which is likewise transmitted to the vehicle via the charging coil.

Die Übertragung der Information zwischen der Ladekommunikationseinrichtung und der Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung erfolgen über die induktive Kopplung der Ladespule und der Fahrzeugspule, über welche zugleich die elektrische Energie bzw. der Ladestrom zum Laden der Batterie des Fahrzeugs übertragen wird. Somit können einerseits von der Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung eine Information über den Ladezustand oder die Ladegröße an die Ladekommunikationseinrichtung übertragen werden, andererseits übermittelt die Ladekommunikationseinrichtung eine Information über das Laden der Batterie an die Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung. The transmission of the information between the charging communication device and the vehicle communication device via the inductive coupling of the charging coil and the vehicle coil, via which at the same time the electrical energy or the charging current for charging the battery of the vehicle is transmitted. Thus, on the one hand, information about the state of charge or the charging quantity can be transmitted to the charging communication device by the vehicle communication device, on the other hand, the charging communication device transmits information about the charging of the battery to the vehicle communication device.

Durch diese bidirektionale Kommunikation zwischen dem Fahrzeug und der Ladestation kann der Ladestrom, welcher im Fahrzeug bereitgestellt wird, bereits durch die Einspeiseeinrichtung in der Ladestation geregelt werden. Vorzugesweise ist die zeitliche Dauer des Bereitstellens, die Spannung und/oder die Amplitude des Ladestroms durch die Einspeiseinrichtung anhand einer über die Ladespule von dem Fahrzeug erhaltene Information einstellbar.As a result of this bidirectional communication between the vehicle and the charging station, the charging current which is provided in the vehicle can already be regulated by the charging device in the charging station. Preferably, the time duration of the provision, the voltage and / or the amplitude of the charging current through the feeding device can be set by means of information obtained via the charging coil from the vehicle.

Durch die galvanische Trennung des Wechselstromnetzes und der Batterie des Fahrzeugs, welche durch die induktive Kopplung gegeben ist, bedarf es keiner aufwendigen Maßnahmen, um einen möglichen Fehlerstrom an der Batterie zu erkennen und zu verhindern.Due to the galvanic isolation of the AC mains and the battery of the vehicle, which is given by the inductive coupling, it requires no complex measures to detect a possible fault current to the battery and prevent.

Des Weiteren wird die Aufgabe der Erfindung gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs durch

  • – induktives Aufnehmen eines Ladestroms für die Batterie durch eine Fahrzeugspule und
  • – Bereitstellen einer Information bezüglich des Ladezustands oder einer Ladegröße der Batterie, wobei
  • – die bereitgestellte Information über die Fahrzeugspule induktiv an eine fahrzeugexterne Ladevorrichtung übertragen wird.
Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by a method for charging a battery of a vehicle
  • - Inductively receiving a charging current for the battery by a vehicle coil and
  • - Providing information regarding the state of charge or a charging size of the battery, wherein
  • - The provided information about the vehicle coil is inductively transmitted to a vehicle-external charging device.

In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung werden hierbei zusätzliche Informationen bezüglich einer Identifikation des Fahrzeugs und/oder einer Kostenabrechnung über die Fahrzeugspule an die fahrzeugexterne Ladevorrichtung übertragen. Durch die Nahfeldkommunikation zwischen der Fahrzeugspule und der Ladespule und einer zusätzlichen Verschlüsselung der Daten wird eine besonders sichere Art der Kommunikation ermöglicht.In a preferred embodiment, additional information relating to an identification of the vehicle and / or a bill of costs is transmitted via the vehicle coil to the vehicle-external charging device. By the near field communication between the vehicle coil and the charging coil and an additional encryption of the data a particularly secure way of communication is made possible.

Schließlich wird erfindungsgemäß die Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs durch

  • – Bereitstellen eines Ladestroms,
  • – Bereitstellen einer Information bezüglich des Ladens der Batterie und
  • – induktives Übertragen des Ladestroms durch eine Ladespule an das Fahrzeug, wobei
  • – die bereitgestellte Information über die Ladespule induktiv an das Fahrzeug übertragen wird.
Finally, the object is achieved by a method for charging a battery of a vehicle by the present invention
  • Providing a charging current,
  • Providing information regarding the charging of the battery and
  • - Inductive transfer of the charging current through a charging coil to the vehicle, wherein
  • - The information provided via the charging coil is inductively transmitted to the vehicle.

Somit kann auf eine besonders einfache und effektive Weise das Laden einer Batterie des Fahrzeugs an der entsprechenden Ladevorrichtung ermöglicht und kontrolliert werden.Thus, in a particularly simple and effective way, the charging of a battery of the vehicle to the corresponding charging device allows and controlled.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher erläutert, diese zeigt einen Schaltplan einer Schaltungsanordnung zum Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Ladevorrichtung.The present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the attached drawing, which shows a circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement for charging a battery of a vehicle with a charging device.

Die nachfolgend näher geschilderten Ausführungsbeispiele stellen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung dar.The embodiments described in more detail below represent preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Die in der Figur dargestellte Schaltungsanordnung zum kabellosen Laden einer Batterie eines Fahrzeugs ist in zwei Stromkreise 10, 12 unterteilt. Der erste Stromkreis 10 ist hierbei dem hier nicht dargestellten Fahrzeug zugeordnet. Eine hier nicht gezeigte Ladevorrichtung umfasst den zweiten Stromkreis 12. Diese Ladevorrichtung kann beispielweise in Form einer stationären oder einer mobilen Ladestation realisiert werden. Ebenso ist es denkbar, dass die Ladevorrichtung unterhalb der Oberfläche eines Stellplatzes des Fahrzeugs angeordnet ist. Die räumliche Trennung zwischen dem ersten Stromkreis 10 und dem zweiten Stromkreis 12 ist in der Fig. durch die gestrichelte Line 14 veranschaulicht.The circuit arrangement shown in the figure for the wireless charging of a battery of a vehicle is in two circuits 10 . 12 divided. The first circuit 10 is assigned here to the vehicle, not shown here. A charging device not shown here comprises the second circuit 12 , This charging device can be realized for example in the form of a stationary or a mobile charging station. It is also conceivable that the loading device is arranged below the surface of a parking space of the vehicle. The spatial separation between the first circuit 10 and the second circuit 12 is in the figure by the dashed line 14 illustrated.

Der erste Stromkreis 10 umfasst eine Batterie 16, insbesondere eine Traktionsbatterie für ein Elektro- oder Hybridfahrzeug. Ebenso soll jede andere Art einer Batterie 16 bzw. eines Akkumulators eines Fahrzeugs berücksichtigt sein. Die Batterie 16 kann als eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie, eine Nickel-Metall-Hybrid-Batterie, eine Bleibatterie oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein. Ebenso ist eine Anordnung bzw. Verschaltung von mehreren Batterien denkbar.The first circuit 10 includes a battery 16 , in particular a traction battery for an electric or hybrid vehicle. Likewise, every other type of battery should 16 or a battery of a vehicle. The battery 16 may be formed as a lithium-ion battery, a nickel-metal hybrid battery, a lead-acid battery or the like. Likewise, an arrangement or interconnection of several batteries is conceivable.

Des Weiteren umfasst der erste Stromkreis 10 eine Fahrzeugspule 18, welche den Ladestrom induktiv von der Ladevorrichtung aufnimmt. Am Ausgang der Fahrzeugspule 18 liegt der Ladestrom in Form eines Wechselsignals an, welches durch den Gleichrichter 20 gleichgerichtet wird. Somit kann der Ladestrom als Gleichsignal für das Laden der Batterie 16 bereitgestellt werden. Vorzugsweise ist der Gleichrichter 20 als passiver Gleichrichter bzw. als nicht steuerbarer Gleichrichter ausgelegt, da der Ladestrom – wie im Weiteren noch erläutert – nicht durch den Gleichrichter 20 an den Ladezustand der Batterie 16 angepasst wird.Furthermore, the first circuit comprises 10 a vehicle coil 18 , which inductively receives the charging current from the charging device. At the output of the vehicle coil 18 the charging current is in the form of an alternating signal, which through the rectifier 20 is rectified. Thus, the charging current as a DC signal for charging the battery 16 to be provided. Preferably, the rectifier 20 designed as a passive rectifier or as non-controllable rectifier, since the charging current - as explained below - not through the rectifier 20 to the state of charge of the battery 16 is adjusted.

Parallel zu dem Gleichrichter ist eine Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung 22 angeordnet, welche eine Information bezüglich des Ladezustandes oder einer Ladegröße der Batterie 16 bereitstellt. Die Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung 22 ist hierzu mit einer Datenverbindung 24 mit der Batterie 16 verbunden. Für diese Datenverbindung 24 kann beispielsweise der CAN-Bus des Fahrzeugs genutzt werden. An der Batterie 16 soll hierzu eine entsprechende Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen des Ladezustands vorgesehen sein. Darüber hinaus soll eine Messvorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Ladegröße, wie beispielsweise den Batteriestrom oder die Batteriespannung, an der Batterie 16 angeordnet sein.Parallel to the rectifier is a vehicle communication device 22 arranged, which information about the state of charge or a charging size of the battery 16 provides. The vehicle communication device 22 is this with a data connection 24 with the battery 16 connected. For this data connection 24 For example, the CAN bus of the vehicle can be used. At the battery 16 For this purpose, a corresponding device for determining the state of charge should be provided. In addition, a measuring device for determining the charging size, such as the battery current or the battery voltage to the battery 16 be arranged.

Die Information bezüglich des Ladezustandes oder der Ladegröße der Batterie 16 wird von der Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung 22 über die Fahrzeugspule 18 induktiv an die fahrzeugexterne Ladevorrichtung übertragen.The information regarding the state of charge or the charging size of the battery 16 is from the vehicle communication device 22 over the vehicle coil 18 inductively transmitted to the vehicle external charging device.

Der zweite Stromkreis 12 umfasst eine Ladespule 26, welche mit einer Einspeiseeinrichtung 28 mit einem Wechselstromnetz verbunden ist. Die Verbindung zu dem Wechselstromnetz ist in der Fig. durch den Pfeil 30 angedeutet. Mit der Einspeiseeinrichtung 28 wird die Übertragung des Ladestroms von dem Wechselstromnetz an die Ladespule 26 gesteuert, mittels welcher der Ladestrom induktiv an das Fahrzeug übertragen wird. Parallel zu der Einspeiseeinrichtung 28 ist eine Ladekommunikationseinrichtung 32 angeordnet, welche eine Information über das Laden der Batterie 16 bereitstellt. Diese Information über das Laden wird über die Ladespule 26 induktiv an das Fahrzeug übertragen.The second circuit 12 includes a charging coil 26 , which with a feed device 28 connected to an AC mains. The connection to the AC mains is shown in the figure by the arrow 30 indicated. With the feeding device 28 is the transfer of the charging current from the AC mains to the charging coil 26 controlled, by means of which the charging current is inductively transmitted to the vehicle. Parallel to the feeding device 28 is a charging communication device 32 arranged, which provides information about charging the battery 16 provides. This information about charging is via the charging coil 26 inductively transmitted to the vehicle.

Zum einen wird eine Information bezüglich des Ladezustandes oder der Ladegröße von der Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung 22 an die Ladekommunikationseinrichtung 32 übermittelt. Ausgehend von dieser Information kann die zeitliche Dauer des Bereitstellens, die Spannung und/oder die Amplitude des Ladestroms von der Einspeiseeinrichtung 28 eingestellt werden. Zum anderen wird diese Information über das Laden von der Ladekommunikationseinrichtung 32 an die Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung 22 übermittelt. Durch diese bidirektionale Kommunikation zwischen dem Fahrzeug und der Ladevorrichtung kann der Ladevorgang der Batterie 16 des Fahrzeugs besonders einfach und effektiv geregelt werden.On the one hand, information relating to the state of charge or the charging size of the vehicle communication device 22 to the charging device 32 transmitted. Based on this information, the time duration of the supply, the voltage and / or the amplitude of the charging current from the supply device 28 be set. On the other hand, this information about charging from the charging communication device 32 to the vehicle communication device 22 transmitted. Through this bidirectional communication between the vehicle and the charging device, the charging process of the battery 16 the vehicle can be controlled particularly easily and effectively.

Ist die Batterie 16 des Fahrzeugs beispielsweise vollständig geladen, wird diese Information von der Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung 22 an die Ladekommunikationseinrichtung 32 übermittelt. In Folge dessen wird von der Einspeiseeinrichtung 28 der Ladestrom nicht mehr an die Ladespule 26 übertragen und somit der Ladevorgang der Batterie 16 gestoppt. Ebenso kann auf diese Weise die Amplitude und/oder die zeitliche Dauer des Ladestroms bereits in der Ladevorrichtung durch die Einspeiseeinrichtung 28 so geregelt werden, dass der entsprechende Ladestrom für den aktuellen Ladezustand der Batterie 16 im Fahrzeug erzeugt wird.Is the battery 16 For example, when the vehicle is fully charged, this information is received from the vehicle communication device 22 to the charging device 32 transmitted. As a result, is from the feed 28 the charging current is no longer to the charging coil 26 transferred and thus the charging process of the battery 16 stopped. Likewise, in this way, the amplitude and / or the duration of the charging current already in the charging device by the feed device 28 be regulated so that the appropriate charging current for the current state of charge of the battery 16 generated in the vehicle.

Aus diesem Grund kann auf eine entsprechende Leistungselektronik zur Anpassung des Ladestroms verzichtet werden. Somit können die Bauteile und die damit verbundenen Kosten eingespart werden und zusätzlich das Gewicht des Fahrzeugs reduziert werden.For this reason, it is possible to dispense with a corresponding power electronics for adapting the charging current. Thus, the components and the associated costs can be saved and additionally the weight of the vehicle can be reduced.

Die induktive Kopplung der Ladespule 26 und der Fahrzeugspule 18 werden einerseits zur Übertragung der elektrischen Energie und anderseits für eine Nahfeldkommunikation zwischen der Ladevorrichtung und dem Fahrzeug genutzt. Aufgrund dieser Doppelfunktion können die ansonsten dafür benötigten Bauteile, deren Kosten und deren Zusatzgewicht eingespart werden.The inductive coupling of the charging coil 26 and the vehicle coil 18 are used on the one hand for transmitting the electrical energy and on the other hand for a near field communication between the charging device and the vehicle. Due to this dual function, the otherwise required components, their costs and their additional weight can be saved.

Die Wicklungen und/oder die Kerne der Fahrzeugspule 18 und der Ladespule 26 sollen so ausgelegt sein, dass sowohl der Ladestrom, als auch die Daten mit den jeweiligen Informationen übertragen werden können. Die Übermittlung der jeweiligen Information zwischen der Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung 22 und der Ladekommunikationseinrichtung 32 können beispielsweise durch eine Modulation des Wechselsignals des Ladestroms bzw. der Spannung oder durch Übermittlung einer entsprechenden Pulsfolge realisiert werden.The windings and / or the cores of the vehicle coil 18 and the charging coil 26 should be designed so that both the charging current, as well as the data can be transmitted with the respective information. The transmission of the respective information between the vehicle communication device 22 and the charging communication device 32 can be realized for example by a modulation of the alternating signal of the charging current or the voltage or by transmitting a corresponding pulse train.

Die Nahfeldkommunikation kann ebenso zur Identifikation des Fahrzeugs und zur einer Kostenabrechnung genutzt werden. Hierzu können die Daten entsprechend verschlüsselt werden.Near field communication can also be used to identify the vehicle and to bill it. For this purpose, the data can be encrypted accordingly.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Stromkreiscircuit
1212
Stromkreiscircuit
1414
Linieline
1616
Batteriebattery
1818
Fahrzeugspulevehicle coil
2020
Gleichrichterrectifier
2222
FahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtungVehicle communication device
2424
DatenverbindungData Connection
2626
Ladespulecharging coil
2828
Einspeiseeinrichtungfeed device
3030
Pfeilarrow
3232
LadekommunikationseinrichtungCharging communication device

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • US 4496896 A1 [0003] US 4496896 A1 [0003]

Claims (7)

Fahrzeug mit – einer Batterie (16), – einer Fahrzeugspule (18) zum induktiven Aufnehmen eines Ladestroms für die Batterie (16), – einer Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung (22) zum Bereitstellen einer Information bezüglich des Ladezustands oder einer Ladegröße der Batterie (16), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass – die von der Fahrzeugkommunikationseinrichtung (22) bereitgestellte Information über die Fahrzeugspule (18) induktiv an eine fahrzeugexterne Ladevorrichtung übertragbar ist.Vehicle with - a battery ( 16 ), - a vehicle coil ( 18 ) for inductively receiving a charging current for the battery ( 16 ), - a vehicle communication device ( 22 ) for providing information regarding the state of charge or a charging amount of the battery ( 16 ), characterized in that - that of the vehicle communication device ( 22 ) provided information about the vehicle coil ( 18 ) is inductively transferable to a vehicle external charging device. Fahrzeug nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fahrzeug einen Gleichrichter (20), insbesondere einen passiven Gleichrichter, zum Gleichrichten des Ladestroms für die Batterie (16) umfasst.Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle is a rectifier ( 20 ), in particular a passive rectifier, for rectifying the charging current for the battery ( 16 ). Ladevorrichtung zum Laden einer Batterie (16) eines Fahrzeugs mit – einer Einspeiseinrichtung (28) zum Bereitstellen eines Ladestroms, – einer Ladekommunikationseinrichtung (32) zum Bereitstellen einer Information bezüglich des Ladens der Batterie (16) und – einer Ladespule (26), mit der der Ladestrom von der Einspeiseinrichtung (28) induktiv an das Fahrzeug übertragbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass – die von der Ladekommunikationseinrichtung (32) bereitgestellte Information über die Ladespule (26) induktiv an das Fahrzeug übertragbar ist.Charger for charging a battery ( 16 ) of a vehicle with - an infeed device ( 28 ) for providing a charging current, - a charging communication device ( 32 ) for providing information regarding the charging of the battery ( 16 ) and - a charging coil ( 26 ), with which the charging current from the feed device ( 28 ) is inductively transferable to the vehicle, characterized in that - that of the charging communication device ( 32 ) provided information about the charging coil ( 26 ) is inductively transferable to the vehicle. Ladevorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zeitliche Dauer des Bereitstellens, die Spannung und/oder die Amplitude des Ladestroms durch die Einspeiseinrichtung anhand einer über die Ladespule (26) von dem Fahrzeug erhaltene Information einstellbar ist.Charging device according to claim 3, characterized in that the time duration of the supply, the voltage and / or the amplitude of the charging current through the feed device by means of a charging coil via the ( 26 ) information obtainable from the vehicle is adjustable. Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie (16) eines Fahrzeugs durch – induktives Aufnehmen eines Ladestroms für die Batterie (16) durch eine Fahrzeugspule (18) und – Bereitstellen einer Information bezüglich des Ladezustands oder einer Ladegröße der Batterie (16), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass – die bereitgestellte Information über die Fahrzeugspule (18) induktiv an eine fahrzeugexterne Ladevorrichtung übertragen wird.Method for charging a battery ( 16 ) of a vehicle by inductively receiving a charging current for the battery ( 16 ) by a vehicle coil ( 18 ) and - providing information regarding the state of charge or a charging size of the battery ( 16 ), characterized in that - the information provided about the vehicle coil ( 18 ) is transmitted inductively to a vehicle external charging device. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zusätzliche Informationen bezüglich einer Identifikation des Fahrzeugs und/oder einer Kostenabrechnung über die Fahrzeugspule an die fahrzeugexterne Ladevorrichtung übertragen werden.A method according to claim 5, characterized in that additional information relating to an identification of the vehicle and / or a cost accounting on the vehicle coil to be transferred to the vehicle external charging device. Verfahren zum Laden einer Batterie (16) eines Fahrzeugs durch – Bereitstellen eines Ladestroms, – Bereitstellen einer Information bezüglich des Ladens der Batterie (16) und – induktives Übertragen des Ladestroms durch eine Ladespule (26) an das Fahrzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die bereitgestellte Information über die Ladespule (26) induktiv an das Fahrzeug übertragen wird.Method for charging a battery ( 16 ) of a vehicle by - providing a charging current, - providing information regarding the charging of the battery ( 16 ) and - inductive transfer of the charging current through a charging coil ( 26 ) to the vehicle, characterized in that the information provided about the charging coil ( 26 ) is inductively transmitted to the vehicle.
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