DE102010048097A1 - Disc with optically active element and method for operating such a disc - Google Patents
Disc with optically active element and method for operating such a disc Download PDFInfo
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- DE102010048097A1 DE102010048097A1 DE102010048097A DE102010048097A DE102010048097A1 DE 102010048097 A1 DE102010048097 A1 DE 102010048097A1 DE 102010048097 A DE102010048097 A DE 102010048097A DE 102010048097 A DE102010048097 A DE 102010048097A DE 102010048097 A1 DE102010048097 A1 DE 102010048097A1
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- disc
- optically active
- active element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J3/00—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles
- B60J3/04—Antiglare equipment associated with windows or windscreens; Sun visors for vehicles adjustable in transparency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
- B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
- B32B17/10532—Suspended particle layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2367/00—Polyesters, e.g. PET, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Scheibe (10) für einen Kraftwagen, mit wenigstens einem optisch aktiven, schaltbaren Element (18), insbesondere aus einem elektrochromen Material, welches mittels zweier zugeordneter Elektroden (20, 22) zur Änderung einer optischen Eigenschaft des Elements (20, 22) mit einem elektrischen Feld beaufschlagbar ist, wobei zumindest ein Teilbereich der Scheibe zum Beheizen des optisch aktiven Elements (18) bestrombar ist.The invention relates to a pane (10) for a motor vehicle, with at least one optically active, switchable element (18), in particular made of an electrochromic material, which is used to change an optical property of the element (20, 22) by means of two associated electrodes (20, 22). 22) can be acted upon by an electric field, at least a portion of the pane being able to be energized for heating the optically active element (18).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Scheibe für einen Kraftwagen mit wenigstens einem optisch aktiven, schaltbaren Element nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Scheibe nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 6.The invention relates to a disc for a motor vehicle with at least one optically active, switchable element according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method for operating such a disc according to the preamble of patent claim 6.
Scheiben mit optisch aktiven, schaltbaren Elementen aus elektrochromen Materialien sind auch als „intelligente Gläser” allgemein bekannt. Ein Verfahren zum Herstellen solcher Scheiben ist beispielsweise in der
Solche Scheiben finden zunehmend Anwendung in Kraftwagen, um dort den Lichteinfall durch Panoramadächer, Scheiben und ähnliche Glaselemente an die Umgebungsbedingungen und die Wünsche des Fahrers anpassen zu können. Da die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit bekannter elektrochromer Materialen bei einer Änderung des angelegten äußeren Feldes in der Regel eine Funktion der Temperatur ist, können solche Scheiben bei der Verwendung im Kraftwagen durch die dort auftretenden extremen Umweltbedingungen in ihrer Funktionsfähigkeit beeinträchtigt sein. Insbesondere bei besonders tiefen Außentemperaturen reagieren bekannte elektrochrome Materialen verzögert, so dass Schaltvorgänge von transparenter zu intransparenter Scheibe und umgekehrt eine unerwünscht lange Zeit benötigen.Such discs are increasingly being used in motor vehicles, in order to be able to adapt the incidence of light through panoramic roofs, panes and similar glass elements to the ambient conditions and the wishes of the driver. Since the reaction rate of known electrochromic materials with a change in the applied external field is usually a function of temperature, such discs may be impaired in their use in the car due to the extreme environmental conditions occurring there. In particular, at particularly low outside temperatures known electrochromic materials react delayed, so that switching operations from transparent to opaque disc and vice versa require an undesirably long time.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Scheibe nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1 sowie ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 8 bereitzustellen, die eine schnelle Schaltzeit der Scheibe auch bei tiefen Außentemperaturen gewährleisten.The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a disc according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 8, which ensure a fast switching time of the disc even at low outside temperatures.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Scheibe mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 8 gelöst. Eine solche Scheibe für einen Kraftwagen umfasst wenigstens ein optisch aktives, schaltbares Element, insbesondere aus einem elektrochromen Material, welches mittels zweier zugeordneter Elektroden zur Änderung einer optischen Eigenschaft des Elements mit einem elektrischen Feld beaufschlagbar ist. Üblicherweise ist ein solches optisch aktives Element als eine in der Scheibe angeordnete flächige Schicht ausgebildet, die beidseitig von Elektroden flankiert wird, die nach Art eines Plattenkondensators wirken und zwischen sich – also im Bereich des optisch aktiven Elements – ein homogenes elektrisches Feld mit parallelen, zur Elektrodenoberfläche flächennormalen Feldlinien erzeugen. Erfindungsgemäß ist zumindest ein Teilbereich der Scheibe aus einem Verbundmaterial mit mehreren Schichten zum Beheizen des optisch aktiven Elements bestrombar. Durch die Bestromung wird aufgrund des ohmschen Widerstandes in der Schicht Wärme erzeugt, die auch zu einer Erwärmung des optisch aktiven Elements führt. Hierdurch können auch bei tiefen Außentemperaturen schnelle Schaltzeiten des durch die Bestromung vorgewärmten optisch aktiven Elements realisiert werden.This object is achieved by a disc having the features of patent claim 1 and by a method having the features of patent claim 8. Such a disk for a motor vehicle comprises at least one optically active, switchable element, in particular of an electrochromic material, which can be acted on by means of two associated electrodes for changing an optical property of the element with an electric field. Typically, such an optically active element is formed as a flat layer arranged in the disc, which is flanked on both sides by electrodes which act in the manner of a plate capacitor and between them - ie in the region of the optically active element - a homogeneous electric field with parallel, to Produce electrode surface area normal field lines. According to the invention, at least a portion of the disk made of a composite material with several layers for heating the optically active element can be energized. Due to the current flow, heat is generated in the layer due to the ohmic resistance, which also leads to a heating of the optically active element. As a result, fast switching times of the preheated by the energization optically active element can be realized even at low outdoor temperatures.
Mit Vorteil ist vorgesehen, dass zumindest eine der Elektroden unabhängig von der jeweils anderen Elektrode zum Beheizen des optisch aktiven Elements bestrombar ist. Aufgrund des ohmschen Widerstandes der Elektrode entsteht durch die Bestromung Wärme, welche die Elektrode selbst und ihren unmittelbaren Nahbereich, also auch das optisch aktive Element, beheizt.It is advantageously provided that at least one of the electrodes can be energized independently of the respective other electrode for heating the optically active element. Due to the ohmic resistance of the electrode, heat is generated by the energization, which heats the electrode itself and its immediate vicinity, ie also the optically active element.
Vorzugsweise ist die Scheibe als laminierte Verbundglasscheibe mit einer äußeren Glasschicht wenigstens einer Kunststoffschicht, insbesondere aus Ethylenvinylacetat (EVA) und einer inneren Glasschicht ausgebildet. Die zwischen den beiden Glasschichten laminierte Kunststoffschicht wirkt dabei als Splitterschutz und hält die Glasschichten auch bei Bruchereignissen zusammen, so dass beispielsweise bei einem Unfall die Gefährdung für Fahrzeuginsassen durch Glassplitter verglichen mit einfachen Glasscheiben reduziert ist. Die Glasscheiben selbst können ebenfalls zur Verbesserung des Splitterschutzes thermisch vorgespannt sein.The pane is preferably designed as a laminated laminated glass pane with an outer glass layer of at least one plastic layer, in particular of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and an inner glass layer. The laminated between the two layers of glass plastic layer acts as splinter protection and holds the glass layers together even at break events, so that for example in an accident, the risk to vehicle occupants is reduced by broken glass compared with simple glass. The glass sheets themselves may also be thermally biased to improve splinter protection.
Die Kunststoffschichten können in gleicher Weise auch aus Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) oder aus Polyurenthan (PU) bestehen.The plastic layers can also consist of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) in the same way.
Vorzugsweise sind das optisch aktive Element und die zugeordneten Elektroden zwischen zwei Kunststoffschichten eingebettet. Das optisch aktive Element wird so zum Bestandteil der Splitterschutzschicht des Sicherheitsglases.Preferably, the optically active element and the associated electrodes are embedded between two plastic layers. The optically active element is thus part of the shatter protective layer of the safety glass.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst eine solche Verbundglasscheibe wenigstens eine Schicht aus einem Infrarot- und/oder Ultraviolett- absorbierenden Material, welche zwischen dem optisch aktiven Element und der in Einbaulage der Scheibe äußeren Glasschicht angeordnet ist. Eine solche Schicht kann das optisch aktive Element vor Beschädigungen durch starke Lichteinstrahlung, beispielsweise durch Ausbleichen oder Versprödung, schützen.In a preferred embodiment, such a laminated glass pane comprises at least one layer of an infrared and / or ultraviolet absorbing material, which is arranged between the optically active element and the outer glass layer in the installed position of the pane. Such a layer can protect the optically active element from damage caused by strong light radiation. for example, by fading or embrittlement.
Weiter mit Vorteil kann, auch die Schicht aus einem IR- und/oder UV-absorbierenden Material zum Beheizen des optisch aktiven Elements bestrombar sein. Gegebenenfalls können in diese Schichten elektrisch leitende Partikel mit einem geeigneten ohmschen Widerstand zur Realisierung der Bestrombarkeit eingebettet werden.Furthermore advantageously, the layer of an IR- and / or UV-absorbing material for heating the optically active element can also be supplied with current. Optionally, electrically conductive particles with a suitable ohmic resistance for realizing the power supply can be embedded in these layers.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Elektroden aus Indiumzinnoxid (ITO) ausgebildet. Indiumzinnoxid ist ein Halbleiter, der in dünnen Schichten transparent ist. Die Verwendung von Indiumzinnoxid ermöglicht somit das Einbringen von Elektroden unmittelbar in Glasscheiben, ohne dass optische Beeinträchtigungen entstehen.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrodes are formed from indium tin oxide (ITO). Indium tin oxide is a semiconductor that is transparent in thin layers. The use of indium tin oxide thus allows the introduction of electrodes directly into glass panes, without causing optical impairments.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Glasscheibe, bei welchem in einem ersten Betriebszustand wenigstens ein optisch aktives, schaltbares Element, insbesondere aus einem elektrochromen Element mittels zweier zugeordneter Elektroden zur Änderung einer optischen Eigenschaft mit einem elektrischen Feld beaufschlagt wird. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass in einem zweiten, alternativ oder gleichzeitig zum ersten Betriebszustand einnehmbaren Betriebszustand zumindest eine der Elektroden unabhängig von der jeweils anderen Elektrode zum Beheizen des optisch aktiven Elements bestromt wird. Durch die Widerstandserwärmung der Elektrode wird auch das optisch aktive, schaltbare Element erwärmt, so dass auch bei tiefen Umgebungstemperaturen schnelle Schaltzeiten realisiert werden können.The invention further relates to a method for operating a glass pane, in which in a first operating state at least one optically active, switchable element, in particular of an electrochromic element by means of two associated electrodes for changing an optical property is acted upon by an electric field. According to the invention it is provided that in a second, alternatively or at the same time operable to the first operating state operating state at least one of the electrodes is energized independently of the respective other electrode for heating the optically active element. The resistance heating of the electrode also heats the optically active, switchable element so that fast switching times can be achieved even at low ambient temperatures.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird bei Unterschreiten einer vorgegebenen Temperatur des optisch aktiven Elements der zweite Betriebszustand aktiviert. Damit kann sichergestellt werden, dass das optisch aktive Element dann beheizt wird, wenn dessen Temperatur soweit abgesunken ist, dass hinreichend schnelle Schaltvorgänge nicht mehr möglich sind.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, when the temperature falls below a predetermined temperature of the optically active element, the second operating state is activated. This can ensure that the optically active element is then heated when its temperature has dropped so far that sufficiently fast switching operations are no longer possible.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird bei Überschreiten eines Schwellenwertes für den Absolutwert einer Temperaturdifferenz zwischen einem Kraftwageninnenraum und der Umgebung der zweite Betriebszustand aktiviert. Dies kann mit der so genannten Temperaturschwelle kombiniert werden. Durch die flächige Beheizung der Elektrode kann so bei starken Temperaturdifferenzen zwischen Innenraum und Umgebung, insbesondere bei deutlich kälterer Umgebung, der Wärmeverlust aus dem Kraftwageninnenraum an die Umgebung minimiert werden. Die beheizte Elektrode wirkt quasi als Barriere für den Wärmefluss und dient gleichzeitig zur flächigen Beheizung der Glasscheiben zur Unterstützung der Innenraumbeheizung und zur Vermeidung von Vereisung oder Beschlagung der Glasscheiben.In a further embodiment of the invention, when a threshold value for the absolute value of a temperature difference between a motor vehicle interior and the surroundings is exceeded, the second operating state is activated. This can be combined with the so-called temperature threshold. As a result of the planar heating of the electrode, the heat loss from the motor vehicle interior to the environment can be minimized in the case of strong temperature differences between the interior and the surroundings, in particular in a significantly colder environment. The heated electrode acts as a kind of barrier to the heat flow and at the same time serves as a surface heating of the glass panes to support the interior heating and to avoid icing or fogging of the glass panes.
Im Folgenden sollen die Erfindung und ihre Ausführungsformen anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. Die einzige Figur zeigt hierbei eine schematische Schnittdarstellung durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Scheibe, bei der die Elektroden zur Aktivierung des schaltbaren Elements zusätzlich bestromt sind.In the following, the invention and its embodiments will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. The single FIGURE shows a schematic sectional view through an exemplary embodiment of a pane according to the invention, in which the electrodes for activating the switchable element are additionally energized.
Die Scheibe
Zwischen zwei der Kunststoffschichten
Die Kunststoffschichten
Von den Kunststoffschichten
Die transparenten Elektroden
Die als SPD(suspended particles device)-Folie ausgebildete Einheit aus dem optisch aktiven Element
Das optisch aktive Element
Die Schaltgeschwindigkeit des optisch aktiven Elements
Um diesem Problem zu begegnen, sind die Elektroden
Durch die Beheizung der Elektroden
In nicht dargestellter Weise könnte zum Beheizen des optisch aktiven Elements
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- WO 2005/102688 A2 [0002] WO 2005/102688 A2 [0002]
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102010048097A DE102010048097A1 (en) | 2010-10-09 | 2010-10-09 | Disc with optically active element and method for operating such a disc |
PCT/EP2011/004986 WO2012045456A1 (en) | 2010-10-09 | 2011-10-06 | Disc with optically active element, and method for operating such a disc |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102010048097A DE102010048097A1 (en) | 2010-10-09 | 2010-10-09 | Disc with optically active element and method for operating such a disc |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102010048097A1 true DE102010048097A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102010048097A Withdrawn DE102010048097A1 (en) | 2010-10-09 | 2010-10-09 | Disc with optically active element and method for operating such a disc |
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DE (1) | DE102010048097A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012045456A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2764998A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-13 | ISOCLIMA S.p.A. | Window construction |
EP2783847A1 (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-01 | ISOCLIMA S.p.A. | Pane construction |
DE102017213302B3 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2018-07-05 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method for determining a temperature of a variable-transparency switchable disk and control device for the disk and motor vehicle |
DE102018124883A1 (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-09 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Protective screen for a vehicle |
WO2020152075A1 (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-30 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated pane arrangements having an electrooptical functional element |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017223336A1 (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2017-12-28 | Gentex Corporation | Thermal control of variable transmittance windows |
DE102018110760A1 (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2019-11-07 | Motherson Innovations Company Limited | INTELLIGENT WINDOW WITH FENDER REMOVAL FUNCTION |
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WO2005102688A2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-11-03 | Research Frontiers Incorporated | Methods for laminating films for spd light valves and spd light valves incorporating such laminated films |
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DE4121385A1 (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-01-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Electro=optical layer system for heating vehicle windscreen - uses conductor layers applied to outside surfaces of opposing control electrodes |
DE102004049091A1 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2005-12-22 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Transparent pane e.g. windshield, for vehicle, has functional units integrated in one portion of its surface and divided into surface segments, which can be made dark either individually/fully, according to level of glare sensed by sensor |
GB0607745D0 (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2006-05-31 | Pilkington Plc | Glazing |
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WO2005102688A2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-11-03 | Research Frontiers Incorporated | Methods for laminating films for spd light valves and spd light valves incorporating such laminated films |
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EP2764998A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-13 | ISOCLIMA S.p.A. | Window construction |
WO2014121809A1 (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-14 | Isoclima S.P.A. | Window construction |
CN105102222A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2015-11-25 | 艾索克莱玛S.P.A. | Window construction |
US9778533B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2017-10-03 | Isoclima S.P.A. | Window construction |
EP2783847A1 (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-01 | ISOCLIMA S.p.A. | Pane construction |
WO2014154230A1 (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-02 | Isoclima S.P.A. | Pane construction |
US9513416B2 (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2016-12-06 | Isoclima S.P.A. | Pane construction |
DE102017213302B3 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2018-07-05 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method for determining a temperature of a variable-transparency switchable disk and control device for the disk and motor vehicle |
US10782585B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2020-09-22 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method for determining a temperature of a variable-transparency, switchable pane and control apparatus for the pane and motor vehicle |
DE102018124883A1 (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-09 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Protective screen for a vehicle |
WO2020152075A1 (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-30 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated pane arrangements having an electrooptical functional element |
US11415855B2 (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2022-08-16 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated pane arrangements having an electro-optical functional element |
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