DE102009021548A1 - Jet drive with at least one drive unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a jet drive with at least one drive unit, which has a rotor and a housing. On the inner circumference of the rotor rotor blades are fixed and the rotor is rotatably supported in the housing via a bearing. The storage includes radial bearings and at least one thrust bearing. The thrust bearing has a non-rotatably connected to the rotor track disc, which is mounted in at least one axial direction on a support with bearing elements. The bearing elements are designed as tilting segments.

Description

The The invention relates to a jet drive with at least one drive unit after further defined in the preamble of claim 1 Art.

Such jet drives with one or more axially successively arranged drive units are from the WO 2005/049420 and the DE 10 2007 002 519 A1 known. In such jet drives a plurality of rotor blades are arranged on the inner circumference of the rotor, which extend up to the region of the axis of rotation of the rotor and leave a space there free. The free ends of the rotor blades thus do not touch and there is no hub provided. Furthermore, such a jet drive comprises a housing in which the rotor is rotatably mounted. The rotor can be designed as an electric motor with rotor ring and an associated stator ring arranged in the housing. Rotor ring and stator are arranged coaxially with the rotor and the rotor ring is rotatably connected to the rotor. This type of jet engines has many advantages over conventional jet engines. It is of relatively simple construction and therefore inexpensive to manufacture. In addition, such jet drives have a relatively low efficiency.

Now However, with increasing diameter of the rotor is an increasing Problem in the storage between rotor and housing given each of the drive units of the jet propulsion. Especially when using the jet propulsion system for watercraft, and here in particular for watercraft for use in Seawater, are correspondingly high demands on the storage of Rotor. The two above-mentioned writings deal hereby detail, with bearings based on seawater resistant Carbides are proposed.

It However, it has been shown that these bearings are expensive and conspicuous are. In addition, especially for storage in the axial direction, comparatively precise production and / or To comply with assembly tolerances. This in turn increases the Production costs.

It Now is the object of the present invention, a jet propulsion with at least one drive unit to provide, which the above avoid mentioned disadvantages and a simple, safe and cost-effective Type of storage allows.

According to the invention This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of the claim 1 solved. The dependent claims give advantageous Embodiments and developments of the invention Jet propulsion.

By the formation of the thrust bearing by means of a rotatably connected to the rotor connected track disc and the storage compared to a Carrier with bearing elements, which are designed as tilting segments One is being built simple but very safe and reliable Storage in the axial direction achieved. Due to the fact that the invention Jet drive via the bearing elements designed as tilting segments is stored, each tilting segment is self-directed depending on the forces acting on it. The tilting segments can thereby ideally in all Directions be designed to be movable, in particular they should however, at least in tangential direction to the circumference of the track disc be tiltable. This can be a uniform Achieve power distribution in the thrust bearing without this high manufacturing and or assembly tolerances must be met.

The above Tipping segments realized storage thus offers the advantage of the structure the jet drive with lower manufacturing and / or assembly tolerances to realize. Thus, the inventive Jet drive to a more cost-effective construction too.

by virtue of the more even load on the bearings In addition, with the same size one higher load or higher safety reach or with the same load or the same security realize a correspondingly smaller structure of the camp.

According to one particularly favorable and advantageous embodiment of It is further according to the invention jet propulsion provided that formed as Kippsegmente bearing elements from a polymer material having at least one layer consist, which contains polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

One Such bearing material, which, for example, under the trade name Orkot TXM or TXMM has particularly favorable properties for use in seawater. The bearing elements This material can thereby a very high wear resistance and at the same time a high load capacity even with the adverse ones Conditions to which they are exposed when used in seawater afford a corresponding long period of time. Together with the invention Concept to form the bearing elements as Kippsegmente arises Therefore, a structure which is a very simple, inexpensive and in terms of maintenance insensitive construction of the invention Jet drive ensures.

In a particularly advantageous continuation tion of the jet propulsion system according to the invention, it is further provided that the radial bearings are designed as plain bearings and bearing bushes, which also consist of a polymer material having at least one layer, which contains polytetrafluoroethylene.

Of the Use of this bearing material not only for the bearing elements the tilting segments, but also for the bearing bushes of designed as plain bearings radial bearing makes it possible the advantageous properties already described above not only for the axial bearing, but also for the Use radial bearing, and so in the radial direction one very simple, inexpensive storage to create which works reliably and requires little maintenance. This construction allows the very small thickness of the bearing bush of only about 1/100 of the nominal diameter of the jet propulsion.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the remaining dependent claims and are based of the embodiment clear, which below is described in more detail with reference to the figures.

there demonstrate:

1 a drive unit of a jet drive in a three-dimensional exploded view;

2 a longitudinal section through the housing and rotor of the jet drive in the structure according to 1 in a mounted version;

3 a section through the region of the axial bearing of the rotor;

4 an enlarged detail of the area IV in 3 ; and

5 a cross section through a radial bearing of the rotor.

1 shows a three-dimensional representation of a jet propulsion 1 or a drive unit of a jet drive 1 , As in the documents mentioned above WO 2005/049420 A1 and DE 10 2007 002 519 A1 described, the jet engine can 1 consist of a single drive unit or two or more in the axial direction successively arranged drive units. The following invention is based on a single drive unit of the jet drive 1 explained, but it can be easily transferred to several such drive units, which are then connected in series.

The jet engine 1 in 1 consists essentially of a rotor 2 and a housing 3 , The rotor 2 has rotor blades fixed on its inner circumference 4 on, which extends to the region of the axis of rotation of the rotor 2 extend and leave the remaining space there. The housing 3 in which the rotor 2 is mounted on a later explained in more detail storage, has at its one end a receiving device 5 for fixing the jet drive 1 for example, on a watercraft. The jet engine 1 in the embodiment shown here, for example, is driven by an electric motor, as it is known from the prior art.

In the exploded view of the 1 is an annular component 6 to recognize which is a radially extending track disc 7 and a ring extending in the axial direction 8th composed of which the track disc 7 rotatably with the rotor 2 combines. Further, an annular first carrier 9 to recognize the housing, which has a plurality of bearing elements 10 having. A further the case 3 in the assembled state final ring is as a second carrier 11 trained, which on his the track disc 7 facing side comparable to the first carrier 9 is constructed and also a variety of storage elements 10 having.

In the sectional view of 2 is the jet engine 1 to recognize in assembled form. The already from the exploded view of 1 known section with the annular member 6 , consisting of the track disc 7 and the ring 8th , is also recognizable here. The track disc 7 forms together with the bearing elements 10 in the first carrier 9 and in the second carrier 11 a thrust bearing 100 for the rotor 2 , In addition, it can be seen in the illustration that in the area of this thrust bearing 100 also a first radial bearing 200 with a bearing bush 12 is arranged. The bearing bush 12 is on the first carrier 9 in a plane perpendicular to the bearing elements 10 arranged. The ring 8th then forms the mating surface 13 to the bearing bush 12 , The rotor 2 also has a runner 14 for the electric motor drive, which with a stator 15 in the case 3 interacts in a manner known per se.

On the opposite side of the ring 8th is on the rotor 2 another ring 16 arranged, which also has a mating surface 17 for another bearing bush 18 having. This additional bearing bush 18 is on a third carrier 19 in the case 3 arranged and forms a second radial bearing 300 , The rotor 2 with its rotor blades 4 can be driven by electric motor in a conventional manner by the rotatably connected to the rotor 2 connected runners 14 facing the stator 15 in the case 3 corresponding rotates. About the two bushings 12 . 18 as well as the mating surfaces 13 . 17 for these bushings is the rotor 2 radially mounted. The axial bearing takes over the track disc 7 which over the ring 8th rotatably with the rotor 2 connected is. The track disc 7 is in both axial directions between the bearing elements 10 stored. As from the illustration in 1 can be seen, are about the scope of the first carrier 9 numerous bearing elements 10 arranged distributed. In the example of a jet drive shown here 1 with a nominal diameter of about 1,000 mm are in the embodiment shown here forty-eight bearing elements 10 installed. In the second carrier 11 is a comparable structure, which in the representation of the 1 so it is not recognizable.

The presentation of the 3 now shows the area of the thrust bearing 100 and the next radial bearing 200 from the bushing 12 and the mating surface 13 in an enlarged sectional view. Again, the two carriers 9 . 11 as well as the annular component 6 to recognize. The bearing bush 12 is constructed in the embodiment shown here from a multilayer polymer material containing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and which may also be provided with embedded silicates. Such a material can be, for example, the bearing material available under the trade name Orkot TXMM, which is known for maritime applications. The radial bearing 200 for the rotor 2 is in the embodiment shown here with a bearing bush 12 executed, which extends in the axial direction in about 40 mm and has a thickness of about 10 mm. The bearing bush 12 can additionally have a relief groove at one or more points of its circumference. The structure of the radial bearing is thus designed as a plain bearing. The mating surface 13 to the bearing bush 12 can in principle from the material of the ring 8th be educated. Particularly preferred, the ring 8th in the area of the mating surface 13 but a coating, in particular a coating containing seawater-solid carbides. An example of such a coating would be a material of tungsten carbide with cobalt-chromium compounds. Such a compound can be applied in particular by thermal spraying. As an example of such a material, the material available under the name WOKA 3652 from Sulzer Metco can be cited.

As a thrust bearing 100 for the rotor 2 serves, as already mentioned, the track disc 7 , which over the bearing elements 10 between the first carrier 9 and the second carrier 11 is held in the axial direction. Again, as a material for the bearing elements 10 again the same material suitable, which also for the bearing bush 12 was used. The track disc 7 can do this at least in the areas where they interact with the bearing elements 10 comes in contact, have a corresponding coating, in particular a coating with seawater-solid carbides, for example, in the same kind and of the same material as the coating of the mating surface 13 ,

In the presentation of the 3 can also be seen that the bearing elements 10 in corresponding openings 20 the carrier 9 . 11 are arranged. In particular, in the enlarged view of section IV of 3 in 4 the structure is an example of one of the bearing elements 10 shown. The bearing element 10 is designed as a so-called tilting segment, which by suitable recesses in the region between the second carrier 11 and the bearing element 10 is designed so that a slight tilting of the bearing element 10 is possible. The bearing element 10 is in the opening 20 arranged so that this over the the track disc 7 facing surface of the second carrier 11 stands out and so a storage of the track disc 7 allows without this with the second carrier 11 comes into contact. The structure is in the region of the circumference of the opening 20 , which is the track disc 7 facing, with a recess 21 provided so that K touching the components tilting of the bearing element 10 can hamper. Further recesses 22 are in the track disc 7 opposite surface of the bearing element 10 intended. The recesses 21 . 22 and a certain flexibility of the material of the bearing elements 10 thus allow the tilting of the bearing elements 10 , The recesses are in the embodiment shown here in the bearing element 10 self-attached. Of course, these could also be in the area of the second carrier 11 be arranged to allow a comparable effect.

In addition to the embodiment of the bearing elements shown here 10 As a circular discs would of course other embodiments, for example, with square, oval or otherwise shaped cross sections of the bearing elements 10 conceivable. The structure of the bearing elements 10 as tilting elements is on the other side of the track disc 7 in the area of the first carrier 9 thereby executed analogous to the enlarged section shown here. The use of bearing elements 10 in the form of tilting segments now allows a very even distribution of forces and the load of the axial bearing 100 about the carriers 9 . 11 because the bearing elements designed as tilting segments 10 can tilt according to the forces occurring on them. This allows an independent adaptation of the tilting segments to the respective situation. The jet engine 1 can thus at comparatively low manufacturing and assembly tolerances the be formed safely and reliably.

In the presentation of the 4 is now the area of the second radial bearing 300 also shown in a cross section. This second radial bearing 300 with the bearing bush 18 and the mating surface 17 on the other ring 16 is essentially analogous to the radial bearing already described above 200 educated. In particular, the same materials and coatings can be used here. The radial bearing 200 is on the other carrier 19 arranged, which is the bearing bush 18 wearing. Because the axial bearing 100 already through the track disc 7 and in both axial directions on the track disc 7 adjacent bearing elements 10 in the carrier 9 . 11 is done, can in the area of the further radial bearing 300 on a thrust bearing 100 be completely dispensed with. Of course, it would alternatively also be conceivable to realize the thrust bearing via two track discs, in which case one of the track discs should then be stored in only one of the axial directions.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2005/049420 [0002]
• DE 102007002519 A1 [0002, 0021]
• WO 2005/049420 A1 [0021]

Claims (16)

Jet drive with at least one drive unit which 1.1 a rotor on whose inner circumference rotor blades are fixed; and 1.2 a housing in which the rotor is rotatably supported by a bearing; 1.3, wherein the bearing has radial bearings and at least one thrust bearing; characterized in that 1.4 the thrust bearing ( 100 ) a rotationally fixed with the rotor ( 2 ) connected track disc ( 7 ), which in at least one axial direction on a support ( 9 . 11 ) with bearing elements ( 10 ), wherein 1.5 the bearing elements ( 10 ) are formed as tilting segments. Jet propulsion system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing elements formed as tilting segments ( 10 ) in a direction tangential to the circumference of the track disc ( 7 ) are designed to be movable. Jet drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the track disc ( 7 ) in both axial directions over the bearing elements formed as tilting segments ( 10 ) on carriers ( 9 . 11 ) is stored. Jet drive according to claim 3, characterized in that each of the drive units via two radial bearings ( 200 . 300 ) and a thrust bearing ( 100 ) is stored. Jet drive according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the thrust bearing ( 100 ) and one of the radial bearings ( 200 ) in the same area of the housing ( 3 ) are arranged, wherein the carrier ( 9 ) for the radial bearing ( 200 ) and the thrust bearing ( 100 ), in at least one of the axial directions, as a component. Jet drive according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the carrier ( 9 . 11 ) for storage in each of the axial directions more than twenty, preferably more than forty, of the bearing elements ( 10 ) distributed over the circumference. Jet propulsion system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bearing elements formed as tilting segments ( 10 ) consist of a polymer material having at least one layer which contains polytetrafluoroethylene. Jet drive according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the track disc ( 7 ) at least in the areas in which they are used with the bearing elements designed as tilting segments ( 10 ) has a coating comprising carbides, especially seawater solid carbides. Jet drive according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the radial bearings ( 200 . 300 ) are designed as plain bearings and bearing bushes ( 12 . 18 ), which consist of a polymer material having at least one layer which contains polytetrafluoroethylene. Jet drive according to claim 9, characterized in that the mating surfaces ( 13 . 17 ) to the bushings ( 12 . 18 ) of radial bearings ( 200 . 300 ) are provided with a coating which comprises carbides, in particular seawater-solid carbides. Jet drive according to one of the claims 7 or 9, characterized in that the polymeric material further Contains silicates. Jet drive according to one of the claims 8 or 10, characterized in that the coating tungsten carbide and cobalt-chromium compounds. Jet propulsion system according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the bearing elements formed as tilting segments ( 10 ) in corresponding openings ( 20 ) the carrier ( 9 . 11 ) are arranged, and whose the track disc ( 7 ) project beyond facing surfaces. Jet propulsion system according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the bearing elements formed as tilting segments ( 10 ) and / or their carrier ( 9 . 11 ) in the region of the mutually facing surfaces on at least two sides recesses ( 22 ) exhibit. Jet propulsion system according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the bearing elements formed as tilting segments ( 10 ) and / or their carrier ( 9 . 11 ) in which the track disc ( 7 ) facing portion of their facing peripheries recesses ( 21 ) exhibit. Jet propulsion system according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the bearing elements formed as tilting segments ( 10 ) as circular with the recesses ( 21 . 22 ) provided discs which in cylindrical openings ( 20 ) in the carriers ( 9 . 11 ) are arranged.