DE102009015753A1 - Parking lot for electric vehicle, has parking-power transmission device arranged such that coupling takes place between vehicle-power-and parking-power transmission devices after parking electric-vehicle in parking position of parking space - Google Patents

Abstract

The parking lot has a parking-power transmission device (18) connected to a power source and coupled to a vehicle-power transmission device of an electric vehicle (12). The vehicle-power-and the parking-power transmission devices transfer energy between the source and an energy storage device of the vehicle in a coupling position. The parking-power transmission device is arranged such that coupling takes place automatically between the vehicle-power-and the parking-power transmission devices after parking the vehicle in a preset parking position (14) of a parking space (10).

Description

The The present invention relates to a parking lot with integrated Charging function for at least one electric vehicle, wherein the parking lot includes at least one parking space. The parking space has a parking space energy transfer device, which is connected to an energy source. Furthermore, the parking space energy transfer device coupled to a vehicle power transmission device of the electric vehicle, wherein in the coupled state of the vehicle power transmission device and the parking space power transmission device power between the power source and an energy storage device of the electric vehicle can be transmitted.

Under The term energy source is hereafter both an individual Energy source, such as a generator or a solar system, as well an energy network, such as the energy distribution network (low voltage) of a Stadtwerkes, to understand.

When Electric vehicle or short vehicle here are both pure electric vehicles as well as hybrid vehicles. Such vehicles have each an energy storage device and a vehicle power transmission device and preferably also a data station and a communication device on, by means of the data terminal of the vehicle with a data center approximately a power grid operator can exchange data, eg. B. to the Vehicle to identify the energy source and request a recharge, with the data center of the power source authorized after correct identification of the vehicle charging.

The transmission of energy between the energy source and the vehicle distinguishes between the following processes:
In the rapid charging process, the energy storage device of the electric vehicle (such as an accumulator) is charged with the highest permissible charging power.

At the Reloading process is the energy storage device with moderate Charging power over a longer period recharged.

After all are the energy storage devices of all on such a parking lot stored vehicles distributed memory whose stored energy if necessary also be called by the operator of the energy source can. Under certain circumstances, this can be for a Energy storage device maximum allowable discharge capacity be required. This process is referred to here as a storage process.

With the energy storage devices of such a parking lot parked vehicles can therefore load management and / or operate memory management.

Generic parking spaces for electric vehicles are for example from the publications DE 42 13 414 C2 . DE 695 09 529 T2 or GB 2 438 979 A known.

at these known from the prior art parking lots the coupling between the parking space energy transfer device takes place and the vehicle power transmission device always by the user is a vehicle connected or connectable Manually plugging the charging cable into a socket at the parking place, z. B. is provided at a Stromzapfsäule.

The Among other things, acceptance of electric and hybrid vehicles is among them depend on the effort involved in using these systems is.

Therefore It is an object of the present invention, generic To improve parking spaces with integrated charging function so that the use is simplified.

According to the invention proposed to solve this problem that the parking space energy transfer device is set up to that after stopping the electric vehicle a predetermined parking position on the parking the coupling between the vehicle power transmission device and the parking space power transmission device automatically he follows.

On This way will allow the driver to be his vehicle just leave it in the parking position on the parking space can and does not care about the details of possibly during parking must take care of.

To Completion of the charging process, the power transmission devices automatically decoupled from the vehicle and parking space as well become.

In order to enable the parking of the vehicle at the predetermined parking position, appropriate markings may be provided on the floor of the parking space. Alternatively or additionally, the driver of the vehicle, as in the car wash, be instructed with a stop sign or a similar guidance system in the parking position. Finally, it is possible to provide pillars or similar facilities at the parking space, in cooperation with a Vehicle parking aid integrated in the vehicle enable or facilitate the parking of the vehicle at the predetermined parking position

A automatic coupling, as described above leaves can be realized in a simple manner that the parking space Energieübertra transmission device at least within a predetermined adjustment range movable is, and that the parking lot continues to capture a sensor the position of a vehicle power transmission device a parked at the parking position vehicle relative to Position of the parking space energy transfer device and an adjusting device, which is designed to on Based on this detected by the sensor relative position of the vehicle power transmission device by a movement of the parking space energy transfer device a coupling between the vehicle power transmission device and the parking space power transmission device.

To For example, the parking space energy transfer device in one both in an adjustment plane parallel to a surface the parking space and perpendicular to this adjustment level movable Platform can be arranged, which provided in the bottom of the parking space is. The platform is initially based on the sensor signals with respect to the vehicle power transmission device aligned (which also referred to as fine adjustment in the following is), and then a coupling with the vehicle power transmission device produced.

alternative it is also possible to achieve the same effect, that the parking space power transmission device itself is provided firmly at the parking space, but the parking space continues a relative to the parking space energy transfer device includes movable vehicle platform on which the vehicle is parked is, so that the vehicle and thus the vehicle power transmission device relative to the parking space energy transfer device is aligned and in this way a coupling between the Energy transmission devices is made possible.

After all it is also possible that the vehicle power transmission device is movable relative to the vehicle and even a sensor for detection the relative position of the parking space power transmission device having.

at the position sensor may in any case be a known one act optical or microwave sensor. Such is for example also the use of imaging systems such as a CCD camera as well corresponding image processing systems for position detection conceivable. Likewise, the control signals for fine adjustment using known optical or microwave sensor technology be generated.

For a quick charge of a vehicle is a direct conductive Connection between the power source and the energy storage device the vehicle advantageous. Therefore, according to a preferred development of the present invention in coupling the vehicle power transmission device and the parking space power transmission device a conductive connection between the power source and the energy storage device of the Vehicle manufactured via the electric power for transmission of energy between the power source and the energy storage device of the vehicle can be routed. Here is a transmission of energy in both directions possible, both from the energy source to the energy storage device as well as the energy storage device to the power source.

For the production of a conductive compound are particularly suitable conventional plug-and-socket systems. Therefore, the parking space power transmission device includes preferably a plug complementary to a can is formed, which part of the vehicle power transmission device is, or alternatively, the parking space energy transfer device comprise a can which is complementary to a plug is the part of the vehicle power transmission device is.

Especially It is possible to have the conductive connection as well Data for communication between a terminal of the vehicle and to transmit about a terminal of the parking lot.

Out For safety reasons, it may be possible that a direct electrical interface for a public accessible parking is undesirable or by relatively complex security measures against improper Use must be secured to avoid accidents. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present Invention in coupling the parking space energy transfer device and the vehicle power transmission device alternatively an inductive coupling between the power source and the energy storage device of the vehicle. In this variant flows no electricity between the vehicle and the parking space energy transfer device, whereby this form of loading is thus particularly safe.

In order to produce such an inductive coupling, the storage space energy transfer device can be a coil with a high-permeability U-shaped core include and be coupled to a vehicle power transmission device, which also includes a coil with a highly permeable U-shaped core, wherein in a coupling of the parking space energy transfer device and the vehicle power transmission device, the two U-shaped cores aligned relative to each other be that a magnetic circuit is created.

On This way a magnetic field penetrates from the coil the parking space power transmission device generates is and enforces this, also the coil of the vehicle power transmission device and vice versa, so that inducing tension and thus one Energy transfer is enabled. The sink the parking space power transmission device will be described below also briefly as a primary coil, the coil of the vehicle power transmission device Also referred to as a secondary coil, wherein an energy transfer However, in principle in both directions is possible.

By the use of high permeability magnetic materials for The cores allow the geometric dimensions and the weight reduce the described arrangement, which is especially for the vehicle is important. The coils of the parking space power transmission devices be via a transformer with the power grid or the Energy source connected. Possibly. If a frequency converter is inserted, the mains frequency in one for the primary coils optimal frequency converts.

The Energy transfer and thus the charging time can be optimize by the air gap between the two U-shaped Cores kept as small as possible in the coupled state becomes. To achieve this, should be a deposit of dirt the contact point can be prevented. Therefore, the parking space includes preferably continue to have protective caps, which are the core poles of the core the coil of the parking space power transmission device cover if no vehicle is parked in the parking lot, and which are automatically removed from the core poles, if one Coupling between the parking space energy transfer device and the vehicle power transmission device will, and automatically cover the core poles again when the coupling is terminated, with the caps on automatic removal or cover over the core poles to possibly wipe it remove adhering dirt.

The relative alignment of the two U-shaped coils to each other can be done in a similar way as above for a parking space according to the invention with coupling described by a direct conductive contact (plug-socket system). Also this variant of a parking space according to the invention is suitable for all loading and storage processes.

So far parking lots according to the invention have been described, where the power transmission equipment of parking space and vehicle in a fine adjustment step relative to each other aligned by moving corresponding movable components become.

Around can reduce the error rate of a system However, it should be appropriate to the number of mobile Keep components as low as possible.

Therefore comprises according to a further advantageous embodiment the present invention, the parking space power transmission device a parking place induction loop, with at least one at Vehicle provided vehicle induction coil can be coupled, wherein the parking space induction loop so arranged on the parking space is that a magnetic field, which at a flow of electric Power generated by the parking place induction loop of this is, the vehicle induction coil substantially parallel to Coil axis of the vehicle induction coil interspersed when the vehicle parked at the predetermined parking position on the parking space is.

In This case can be based on a readjustment of the relative position of Vehicle power transmission device and parking space power transmission device and thus be largely dispensed with movable components.

Preferably is the parking place induction loop in the floor of the parking space admitted. With appropriate arrangement of the vehicle induction coil (s) However, it is also an arrangement of the parking space induction loop in an upright wall, a pillar or similar Element possible, in front of or behind the vehicle at the given Parking position is turned off. It is basically possible to provide several vehicle induction coils on a vehicle.

Indeed is the maximum charging power of the parking space induction loop can be transmitted to the vehicle induction coil, due to the large clearance between the induction loop and the induction coil is relatively low. Generally the field strength becomes an induction loop by their thermal capacity and limited by the power loss in the loop.

To increase the charging power Ab pitch induction loop comprise a superconducting material, preferably a high temperature superconductor, and the storage space may further comprise cooling means for cooling the storage space induction loop to a temperature less than or equal to the critical temperature of the superconducting material.

By Use of superconducting materials below the transition temperature (critical temperature) becomes the ohmic resistance of the induction loop and thus the power loss in the induction loop to disappear brought. The induction current and thus the magnetic field strength and thus also the maximum transferable charging power can now be increased drastically. The relatively high critical Allow temperatures of high temperature superconductors an insert already with cooling with liquid Nitrogen (77K). The cooling technology for nitrogen is mature and relatively inexpensive.

Farther may alternatively or in addition to increase the charging power of the vehicle induction coils with high permeability Spool cores are provided, as explained in more detail below becomes.

The above described variant of a parking space with parking space induction loop for a vehicle having at least one vehicle induction coil requires neither moving components nor special adjustment devices. It appears particularly suitable for the reloading process.

One Parking space according to the invention with integrated charging function is especially as a public parking or company parking interesting for a variety of vehicles. Therefore, can the parking lot according to a preferred embodiment the present invention, several similar parking spaces and comprise a control device, by means of each parking space individually targeted to the energy source can be connected to Energy between the energy source and an energy storage device of a Vehicle to transfer to this parking space the predetermined parking position is turned off, so that when several Vehicles parked in the parking lots of the parking lot Energy transfers between the energy source and the Vehicles can be largely independent of each other.

In order to a vehicle at a parking lot according to the invention It can be charged in most cases be that the vehicle faces the operator or Owner of the energy source identified. Furthermore, it may be necessary be that more data, eg. B. load request or the amount of transferred Energy, prices etc. are transferred. Therefore, it is advantageous that the parking space is a communication device for communication with a data station of a vehicle parked in the parking space or / and a data center of the parking lot and / or a data center the energy source includes.

For example is it possible that the parking space over the Communication device transmits its coding to the vehicle. The vehicle then communicates with the data center of the Energy source, which after successful identification of the vehicle allows loading at the designated parking space. It is, however also conceivable that the parking z. B. an RFID tag with the parking space coding comprising, by a corresponding reading device on the vehicle read out and the data center of the energy source by means of Communication device of the vehicle is transmitted.

object The present invention is further an electric vehicle, which an energy storage device and a vehicle power transmission device to transfer energy between an external source of energy and the energy storage device.

there It is an object of the present invention, generic Electric vehicles to improve the use, in particular the Aufla the, is simplified.

According to one Another aspect of the present invention is the above solved by the task described in a generic vehicle the vehicle power transmission device with a parking space energy transfer device a parking space according to one of claims 5 to 9 coupled is, wherein in the coupled state of the vehicle power transmission device and the parking space energy transfer device energy between the power source and the energy storage device of the Vehicle can be transmitted.

Prefers is the vehicle power transmission device with the parking space power transmission device of a parking lot can be coupled according to claim 6, wherein the vehicle power transmission device comprises a coil having a high permeability U-shaped core and at a coupling of the energy transfer devices the U-shaped cores of the vehicle and the parking space be aligned relative to each other so that a magnetic Circle arises.

Furthermore, in such a vehicle, the core poles (contact surfaces) of the core of the coil of the vehicle power transmission device can be covered by protective caps, if the vehicle is not parked in a parking space, the protective caps being automatically removed from the core poles when coupling between power transmission devices and automatically covering the core poles again when the coupling is terminated, the caps also being used for automatic removal or capping wipe over the core poles to remove any adhering dirt.

at a parking lot with parking-induction loop, as above described, the charging power can be further increased, in the case of a corresponding vehicle, the at least one vehicle induction coil a substantially rod-shaped, highly permeable coil core indicates that these cores are the magnetic field lines of the Abspellplatz induction loop bundle and through the coil core of the vehicle induction coil conduct. Furthermore, thereby magnetic field lines of the Floor plate of the vehicle kept away, causing eddy current losses be reduced in the metal of the vehicle floor panel.

One Parking with at least one parking space in combination with at least an electric vehicle, with parking and electric vehicle like that are coordinated with each other after a shutdown of the electric vehicle at a predetermined parking position on the parking the coupling between a parking space energy transfer device and a vehicle power transmission device automatically takes place, forms a charging system.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to three preferred embodiments, which in the 1 - 5 are shown.

1 shows a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of the present invention in the form of a parking space according to the invention with a parked vehicle.

2 shows a cross-sectional view of the article of 1 in level II-II 1 ,

3 schematically illustrates the operation of a second embodiment of the present invention with inductive coupling between the power transmission devices of the vehicle and parking space.

4 shows a plan view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

5 shows the item of 4 in a detailed presentation.

1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention in the form of a parking space for a vehicle 12 in which a coupling of the energy transmission devices of the vehicle 12 and parking space 10 via a direct conductive contact.

It is a parking space 10 represented on which a vehicle 12 at a indicated by a dotted line parking position 14 is turned off.

The vehicle is shown only as an outline to the view of the parking space 10 and those in the bottom of the parking space 10 taken in platform 16 to release, which is both parallel to the surface of the parking space 10 (in the x and y directions) and perpendicular thereto at least in a certain adjustment range 17 is movably arranged. In the platform 16 is the parking space energy transfer device 18 in the form of a plug 20 arranged.

2 shows a simplified cross-sectional view of the subject of 1 in level II-II 1 , On a hatching of cut surfaces was omitted for the sake of clarity. As can be clearly seen in this illustration, is located in the bottom plate 13 of the vehicle 12 , one to the plug 20 complementarily formed can 25 which part of the vehicle power transmission device 26 is.

After the vehicle 12 at the parking position 14 has been turned off and thus the position has been roughly adjusted, for example by instructing similar to a car wash, the position of the vehicle power transmission device 26 relative to the parking space energy transfer device 18 determined by a not dargestellen here detector, and provided on the parking space, here also not shown adjusting device moves the platform 16 and thus the parking space power transmission device 18 initially in the xy plane within the adjustment range 17 so that the plug 20 just below the vehicle 12 provided can 25 is positioned, and then moves the plug 20 in the z-direction upwards, so as to make electrical contact between the plug 20 and in the vehicle 12 provided can 25 manufacture.

The tin 25 is with the energy storage device 32 of the vehicle 12 in the form of a rechargeable battery 34 connected. The plug 20 is in connection with the energy source 21 , so that in the coupled state energy between the energy source 21 and the accumulator 34 can be transferred. The electrical wires 23 which is the energy source 21 and the parking space power transmission device 18 connect, are partially dashed shown to indicate that the single parking space 10 usually in a complex piping system with each other and via a control device with the energy source 21 connected parking spaces is involved, so that each parking space individually targeted for charging or storing energy can be connected to the power source. Furthermore, data for communication between the terminal of the vehicle, the control device of the parking lot and possibly the data center of the power source can be transmitted via this line system.

These Variant of the coupling of the energy transmission devices from vehicle and parking space via a direct conductive Connection is suitable for all charging and storage processes described above.

In the two further embodiments described below, components corresponding to components of the first embodiment are provided with reference numerals which are obtained by adding the number 100 respectively. 200 From the reference numerals of the corresponding components of the first embodiment will be apparent. The other embodiments will be explained in more detail only insofar as they differ from the first embodiment, the above description of which is otherwise expressly referenced.

3 schematically illustrates the coupling between the energy transfer devices 118 . 126 the parking space 110 and of the (here indicated only by dashed lines) vehicle 112 according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the coupling is made inductively.

Also in this case is a mobile platform 116 in the bottom of the parking space 110 intended. The energy transfer device 118 the parking space 110 includes one in the platform 116 arranged primary coil 122 and a U-shaped coil core 124 , The energy transfer device 126 of the vehicle also includes one near the bottom plate 113 of the vehicle 112 arranged secondary coil 128 and also a U-shaped coil core 130 , Furthermore, the secondary coil 128 about a suitable, not shown here Anspassungsnetzwerk with the energy storage device 132 of the vehicle 112 in the form of a rechargeable battery 134 connected.

The relative orientation of the energy transfer devices 118 . 126 from vehicle 112 and parking space 110 to each other in the second embodiment, analogous to the first embodiment by movement of the platform 116 and thus the energy transfer device 118 the parking space 110 , In the example shown are primary coil 122 and spool core 124 the parking space energy transfer device additionally in the z-direction and relative to the platform 116 movable, allowing primary coil 122 and spool core 124 in the uncoupled state (not shown here) can be withdrawn into an area below the platform.

In the in 3 State shown are the U-shaped coil cores 124 and 130 aligned so that a magnetic circuit is created and energy between the coils 122 and 128 can be transferred.

The core poles 124a . 124b . 130a . 130b the coils 124 . 130 can be covered in the uncoupled state by suitable caps (not shown here) to foul the core poles 124a . 124b . 130a . 130b prevent and ensure a good coupling. It is expedient if the caps automatically from the core poles 124a . 124b . 130a . 130b are removed when a coupling is to be made and automatically reapplied to the core poles after the coupling is terminated. Furthermore, the covers can over the core poles 124a . 124b . 130a . 130b wipe to keep the contact surfaces clean.

4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the coupling between the energy transfer device 226 (see. 5 ) of the vehicle 212 and the energy transfer device 218 the parking space 210 non-contact and without moving components.

In the bottom of the parking space 210 is the parking space energy transfer device 218 in the form of an induction loop 240 admitted. For the sake of simplicity is in 3 only a single parking space 210 illustrated, but usually there will be a plurality of similar parking spaces 210 give in a known way with each other and with the energy source 221 , are connected to the power grid, so that they can be controlled individually. The possibility of the induction loop 240 is to connect individually with the energy source or decouple from this is in 4 through a switch 224 illustrated.

Between the energy source 221 and the induction loop 240 If necessary, there may still be a transformer or a frequency converter.

An electric current flows through the induction loop 240 , this creates a magnetic field. The at the predetermined parking position 214 parked vehicle 212 includes several in 5 Induktioni onsspulen shown in detail 246 , where the induction loop 240 so at the parking lot 210 is arranged that by the induction loop 240 generated magnetic field in the vehicle 212 provided induction coils 246 penetrated substantially parallel to the coil axes when the vehicle 212 correctly at the parking position 214 in the parking lot 210 is turned off. The vehicle induction coils 246 are connected in series and via a not shown here adaptation network with the accumulator 234 of the vehicle 212 connected.

As in 5 It can be seen, have the induction coils 246 of the vehicle each substantially rod-shaped coil cores 248 made of a highly permeable material to increase the maximum transferable charging power by concentrating and concentrating the magnetic field in the area of the coil cores. Furthermore, the rods provide 248 making sure that magnetic field lines from the bottom plate of the vehicle 212 be kept away, which eddy current losses in the metal of the bottom plate are largely prevented.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 4213414 C2 [0008]
• - DE 69509529 T2 [0008]
• GB 2438979 A [0008]

Claims (15)

Parking with integrated charging function for at least one electric vehicle ( 12 ; 112 ; 212 ), whereby the parking lot has at least one parking space ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ) comprising a parking space energy transfer device ( 18 ; 118 ; 218 ) connected to a source of energy ( 21 ; 121 ; 221 ) and which is coupleable to a vehicle power transmission device ( 26 ; 126 ; 226 ) of the electric vehicle ( 12 ; 112 ; 212 ), wherein in the coupled state of the vehicle power transmission device ( 26 ; 126 ; 226 ) and the parking space energy transfer device ( 18 ; 118 ; 218 ) Energy between the energy source ( 21 ; 121 ; 221 ) and an energy storage device ( 32 ; 132 ; 232 ) of the electric vehicle 12 ; 112 ; 212 ), characterized in that the storage space energy transfer device ( 18 ; 118 ; 218 ) is set up so that after switching off the electric vehicle ( 12 ; 112 ; 212 ) at a predetermined parking position ( 14 ; 114 ; 214 ) in the parking lot ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ) the coupling between the vehicle power transmission device ( 26 ; 126 ; 226 ) and the parking space energy transfer device ( 18 ; 118 ; 218 ) automatically. Parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that the parking place energy transfer device ( 18 ; 118 ) at least within a predetermined adjustment range ( 17 ; 117 ) is movable, preferably both in an adjustment plane (xy) parallel to a surface of the parking space ( 10 ; 110 ) and perpendicular to this Verstellbene, and that the parking space ( 10 ; 110 ) further comprises a sensor for detecting the position of a vehicle power transmission device ( 26 ; 126 ) one at the parking position ( 14 ; 114 ) parked electric vehicle ( 12 ; 112 ) relative to the position of the parking space energy transfer device ( 18 ; 118 ) and an adjusting device, which is designed on the basis of this detected by the sensor relative position of the vehicle power transmission device ( 26 ; 126 ) by a movement of the parking space Energieübertragungsein direction ( 18 ; 118 ) a coupling between the vehicle power transmission device ( 26 ; 126 ) and the parking space energy transfer device ( 18 ; 118 ). Parking lot according to claim 2, characterized in that when coupling the vehicle power transmission device ( 26 ) and the parking space energy transfer device ( 18 ) a conductive connection between the energy source ( 21 ) and the energy storage device ( 32 ) of the electric vehicle ( 12 ) is produced via the electric current for the transmission of energy between the energy source ( 21 ) and the energy storage device ( 32 ) of the electric vehicle ( 12 ) can be directed. Parking lot according to claim 3, characterized in that the parking space energy transmission device ( 18 ) a plug ( 20 ), which is complementary to a can ( 25 ), which forms part of the vehicle energy transmission device ( 26 ), or that the parking space power transmission device comprises a socket which is complementary to a plug which is part of the vehicle power transmission device. Parking lot according to claim 1, characterized in that when coupling the parking space energy transfer device ( 118 ; 218 ) and the vehicle power transmission device ( 126 ; 226 ) an inductive coupling between the energy source ( 121 ; 221 ) and the energy storage device ( 132 ; 232 ) of the electric vehicle ( 112 ; 212 ) is made. Parking space according to claim 2 in combination with claim 5, characterized in that the parking place energy transfer device ( 118 ) a coil ( 122 ) with a highly permeable U-shaped core ( 124 ) and connectable to a vehicle power transmission device ( 126 ), which is also a coil ( 128 ) with a highly permeable U-shaped core ( 130 ), wherein in a coupling of the parking space energy transfer device ( 118 ) and the vehicle power transmission device ( 126 ) the U-shaped cores ( 124 ; 130 ) are aligned relative to each other so that a magnetic circuit is formed. Parking lot according to claim 6, wherein the parking space ( 110 ) further comprises protective caps which enclose the core poles ( 124a . 124b ) of the core ( 124 ) of the coil ( 122 ) the parking space energy transfer device ( 118 ), if no electric vehicle ( 112 ) in the parking lot ( 110 ), and automatically from the core poles ( 124a . 124b ) are removed when a coupling between the parking space energy transfer device ( 118 ) and the vehicle power transmission device ( 126 ) and automatically restore the core poles ( 124a . 124b ), when the coupling is terminated, with the caps being removed automatically by the core poles ( 124a . 124b ) to remove any dirt attached to it. Parking lot according to claim 5, characterized in that the parking space energy transfer device ( 218 ) a parking place induction loop ( 240 ) with at least one on the electric vehicle ( 212 ) provided vehicle induction coil ( 246 ) is coupled, wherein the parking space induction loop ( 240 ) so at the parking space ( 210 ) is arranged such that when a flow of electric current through the parking space induction loop ( 240 ) of this generated magnetic field, the vehicle induction coil ( 246 ) essentially parallel to the coil axis of the vehicle induction coil ( 246 ), when the electric vehicle ( 212 ) at the predetermined parking position ( 214 ) in the parking lot ( 210 ) is turned off. Parking lot according to claim 8, characterized in that the parking space induction loop ( 240 ) comprises a superconducting material, preferably a high-temperature superconductor, and that the storage space ( 210 ) further comprises a cooling device for cooling the parking space induction loop to a temperature less than or equal to the transition temperature of the superconducting material. Parking space according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parking lot several similar parking spaces ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ) and a control device, by means of which each parking space ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ) individually with the energy source ( 21 ; 121 ; 221 ) can be connected to energy between the energy source ( 21 ; 121 ; 221 ) and an energy storage device ( 32 ; 132 ; 232 ) of an electric vehicle ( 12 ; 112 ; 212 ), which is at this parking place ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ) at the predetermined parking position ( 14 ; 114 ; 214 ) is parked, so that when several on the parking spaces ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ) of the parking lot parked electric vehicles ( 12 ; 112 ; 212 ) Energy transfers between the energy source ( 21 ; 121 ; 221 ) and the electric vehicles ( 12 ; 112 ; 212 ) can be largely independent of each other. Parking space according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the parking space ( 10 ; 110 ; 210 ) a communication device for communicating with a data station of a parked on the parking electric vehicle ( 12 ; 112 ; 212 ) and / or a terminal of the parking lot and / or a data center of the power source ( 21 ; 121 ; 221 ). Electric vehicle ( 112 ; 212 ), comprising an energy storage device ( 132 ; 232 ) and a vehicle power transmission device ( 126 ; 226 ) for transferring energy between an external energy source ( 121 ; 221 ) and the energy storage device ( 132 ; 232 ), characterized in that the vehicle energy transmission device ( 126 ; 226 ) with a parking space energy transfer device ( 18 ; 118 ) of a parking space according to one of claims 5 to 9 can be coupled and in the coupled state of the vehicle power transmission device ( 126 ; 226 ) and the parking space energy transfer device ( 18 ; 118 ) Energy between the energy source ( 21 ; 121 ) and the energy storage device ( 132 ; 232 ) of the electric vehicle ( 112 ; 212 ) can be transmitted. Electric vehicle ( 112 ) according to claim 12, characterized in that the vehicle energy transmission device ( 126 ) with the parking space energy transfer device ( 118 ) of a parking space according to claim 6, wherein the vehicle power transmission device ( 126 ) a coil ( 128 ) with a highly permeable U-shaped core ( 130 ) and in a coupling of the energy transmission devices ( 118 . 126 ) the U-shaped cores ( 124 . 130 ) of the electric vehicle ( 112 ) and the parking space ( 110 ) are aligned relative to each other so that a magnetic circuit is formed. Electric vehicle according to claim 13, characterized in that the vehicle energy transmission device ( 126 ) further comprises protective caps which enclose the core poles ( 130a . 130b ) of the core ( 130 ) of the coil ( 128 ) of the vehicle power transmission device ( 126 ) when the electric vehicle ( 112 ) not in a parking space ( 110 ), and automatically from the core poles ( 130a . 130b ) are removed when a coupling between the vehicle power transmission device ( 126 ) and the parking space energy transfer device ( 118 ) and automatically restore the core poles ( 130a . 130b ), when the coupling is terminated, with the caps being removed automatically by the core poles ( 130a . 130b ) to remove any dirt attached to it. Electric vehicle ( 212 ) according to claim 12, characterized in that the vehicle energy transmission device ( 226 ) with the parking space energy transfer device ( 218 ) of a parking space according to claim 8 or 9 can be coupled, wherein the at least one vehicle induction coil ( 246 ) a substantially rod-shaped, highly permeable coil core ( 248 ) having.