DE102008008620A1 - Arrangement for layered manufacture of three-dimensional objects focuses infrared radiation onto surface strip of particle layer whose position is continuously varied - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement has at least one infrared irradiation unit (1) for forming each layer by irradiating a number of combination components of a surface of a particle layer with infrared from the at least one irradiation unit. The infrared radiation is focused on a surface strip of the particle layer whose position is continuously varied.

Description

The Invention relates to a device for layered! manufacturing a three-dimensional object.

Such a device is inter alia from the DE 698 06 949 T2 known. There is proposed an apparatus for producing three-dimensional bodies from a large number of interconnectable layers of a particulate building material, for example a powder. The apparatus comprises a mask apparatus on which a mask pattern is formed or applied for each object layer, and a radiation generator disposed thereabove to heat those particles of the building material of a layer which are not covered by the mask pattern and exposed for irradiation. As a result of the heating due to the irradiation, irradiated particles of the building material are bound together by melting or sintering.

Of the Invention is based on the object, an improved device to specify the layered production of a three-dimensional object.

The Object is achieved by an arrangement having dissolved, which has the features specified in claim 1.

advantageous Embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The The invention provides a device for producing a layer by layer three-dimensional object, the at least one irradiation unit comprises, radiated from the electromagnetic infrared radiation is, by means of which each object layer by irradiation a number of connected components of a surface a particle layer with infrared radiation of the at least one Irradiation unit is bildbar.

The Device is characterized by the fact that the infrared radiation by means of the at least one irradiation unit on a strip-shaped Focusable partial surface of a particle layer, and that the position of the irradiated strip-shaped partial surface along a direction in the surface of the particle layer is continuously variable.

The Focusing the infrared radiation on a strip-shaped Partial surface of a particle layer has the advantage that the radiation energy on the strip-shaped partial surface the particle layer concentrates and thereby the heating the particle layer in the region of the strip-shaped partial surface is increased. Furthermore, thereby the irradiation time a partial surface of the particle layer can be reduced. This improves film formation and mechanical properties of the manufactured object. The continuous changeability the position of the irradiated strip-shaped partial surface along a direction in the surface of the particle layer makes it possible to cover all areas of an object layer successively produce.

Further Advantages, features and details of the invention are described below based on embodiments with reference to drawings described. The drawings are schematic representations.

there demonstrate:

1 an irradiation unit in a sectional view, and

2 a rotary axis element on a rotary axis bearing in cross-sectional view,

3 a representation of a relationship between the distance of a first point to a plane and to a second point in this plane.

each other corresponding parts are in all figures with the same reference numerals Mistake.

1 schematically shows an embodiment of an irradiation unit according to the invention 1 , The irradiation unit 1 includes a number of linearly arranged in a y direction infrared radiation sources 2 in a cavity 3 the irradiation unit 1 , 1 shows a sectional view of the irradiation Ness 1 in an xz plane perpendicular to this y direction.

The cavity 3 has a cavity opening 4 on. The cross section of the cavity in the xz plane is from a circle segment 5 and two routes 6.1 . 6.2 bounded, each one ending 7.1 . 7.2 a first circle segment 5 with one point each 8.1 . 8.2 on the edge of the cavity opening 4 connect. This reduces the distance between the two routes 6.1 . 6.2 to the cavity opening 4 out.

The infrared radiation sources 2 are each arranged in the center of a circle whose edge is a first circle segment 5 includes.

The inner walls of the cavity 3 consist of a the infrared radiation of the infrared radiation sources 2 largely reflective material, such as aluminum, or are coated with such a material. Further, the irradiation unit 1 preferably a cooling device, by means of which it is coolable, to excessive heating or damage to the irradiation unit 1 by the infrared radiation of the infrared radiation sources 2 to prevent.

Due to the geometry of the cavity 3 and the arrangement of the infrared radiation sources 2 becomes the infrared radiation of the infrared radiation sources 2 inside the cavity 3 on the cavity opening 4 aligned, leaving it out of the cavity opening 4 emerges as a beam oriented in a negative z-direction, whose x-directional expansion is concentrated to a relatively narrow range, and which propagates in the y-direction over a distance due to the expansion of the cavity and the distribution of the infrared radiation sources 2 can be specified. As a result, the infrared radiation of the infrared radiation sources 2 Focusable on a strip-shaped surface in the xy plane, its dimensions depend on the geometry and dimensions of the cavity 3 and the cavity opening 4 and the removal of the surface from the cavity opening 4 depend.

berandet. Dabei bezeichnen gemäß 3:
h den Abstand eines ersten Punktes P1 innerhalb der Hohlraumöffnung 4 zu einer Fokussierungsebene E, in die die Infrarotstrahlung der Bestrahlungseinheit 1 zu fokussierbar ist,
φ den Winkel zwischen dem Lot von dem ersten Punkt P1 auf die Fokussierungsebene E und der Strecke von dem ersten Punkt P1 zu einem zweiten Punkt P2 in der Fokussierungsebene E, und
f(φ) die Differenz zwischen dem Abstand des ersten Punktes P1 zu dem zweiten Punkt P2 und dem Abstand h in Abhängigkeit von dem Winkel φ.The irradiation unit 1 has at each of its ends an axis of rotation extending in the y-direction 9 on top of a rotary axis bearing 10 is storable. 2 shows a rotary axis element 9 on a rotary axis bearing 10 in cross-section. The cross-sectional area of the rotary axis element 9 is in an upper area 14 from a second circle segment 11 and in a lower area 15 from a boundary line 12 from the form of a subgraph of a function

bounded. In this case, according to 3 :
h is the distance of a first point P1 within the cavity opening 4 to a focusing plane E, in which the infrared radiation of the irradiation unit 1 too focusable,
φ the angle between the perpendicular from the first point P1 to the focusing plane E and the distance from the first point P1 to a second point P2 in the focusing plane E, and
f (φ) is the difference between the distance of the first point P1 to the second point P2 and the distance h as a function of the angle φ.

The cross-sectional area of the rotary axis bearing 10 is Drehachsenelementseitig of a third circle segment 13 bounded.

By rolling the rotary axis elements 9 on the associated rotary axis bearings 10 is the irradiation unit 1 pivotable about an axis of rotation extending in the y-direction. As a result, the location of the irradiation unit is also 1 irradiated strip-shaped surface along the x-direction changeable.

The shape [1] of the boundary line 12 is chosen such that there is an xy plane in which the of the irradiation unit 1 radiated infrared radiation is focused and the particle layer to be irradiated is introduced during the pivoting of the irradiation unit 1 not changed. As a result, the irradiated strip-shaped surface can be moved over the particle layer.

The described embodiment can be modified such that the cavity 3 the irradiation unit 1 with a different cross-sectional area than the one in 1 is shown, this cross-sectional area allows a corresponding focusing of the infrared radiation. In this case, if necessary, the cross-sectional areas of the rotary axis elements 9 and / or the rotary axis bearing 10 to the changed cross-sectional area of the cavity 3 customized.

1

irradiation unit

2

Infrared radiation sources

3

cavity

4

cavity opening

5

first Circle line segment

6.1 6.2

stretch on a cross-sectional edge of the cavity

7.1 7.2

end up a first circle segment

8.1 8.2

Points on the edge of the cavity opening

9

Rotational axis element

10

Axis of rotation bearings

11

second Circle line segment

12

Boundary line

13

third Circle line segment

14

upper Area of a cross-sectional area

15

lower Area of a cross-sectional area

x, Y Z

Cartesian coordinate axes

P1

first Point

P2

second Point

e

focusing plane

H

distance the first point to the focusing plane

f

difference between the distance of the first point P1 to the second point P2 and the distance h

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 69806949 T2 [0002]

Claims (10)

Device for producing a three-dimensional object in layers, comprising at least one irradiation unit ( 1 ) from which electromagnetic infrared radiation can be emitted, by means of which each object layer is irradiated by irradiation of a number of connected components of a surface of a particle layer with infrared radiation of the at least one irradiation unit ( 1 ) is formed, characterized in that the infrared radiation by means of at least one irradiation unit ( 1 ) Can be focused on a strip-shaped partial surface of a particle layer and the position of the irradiated strip-shaped partial surface along a direction in the surface of the particle layer is continuously variable. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the position of the at least one irradiation unit ( 1 ) irradiable strip-shaped partial surface of a particle layer by a movement of the at least one irradiation unit ( 1 ) and the particle layer is variable relative to each other. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one irradiation unit ( 1 ) a number of linearly arranged in a y direction infrared radiation sources ( 2 ) in a cavity ( 3 ) with a cavity opening ( 4 ) and the cavity ( 3 ) is formed such that by reflections on its inner walls of the cavity opening ( 4 ) emanating infrared radiation of the infrared radiation sources ( 2 ) Can be focused on a strip-shaped surface. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross-section of the cavity ( 3 ) in a plane perpendicular to the y-direction of a first circle segment ( 5 ) and two routes ( 6.1 . 6.2 ), each having an end ( 7.1 . 7.2 ) of the first circle segment ( 5 ) with one point each ( 8.1 . 8.2 ) on the edge of the cavity opening ( 4 ), whereby the distance between the two routes ( 6.1 . 6.2 ) to the cavity opening ( 4 ) and that the infrared radiation sources ( 2 ) are each arranged in the center of a circle whose edge is a first circular line segment ( 5 ). Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the at least one irradiation unit ( 1 ) is rotatable or pivotable about an axis of rotation extending in the y-direction. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the irradiation unit ( 1 ) at least one along the axis of rotation arranged rotary axis element ( 9 ) whose cross-sectional area in an upper area ( 14 ) from a second circular segment ( 11 ) and in a lower area ( 15 ) from a boundary line ( 12 ) of the form of a subgraph of a function

is bounded. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one rotary axis element ( 9 ) on a rotary axis bearing ( 10 ) is storable, the cross-sectional surface drehachsenelementseitig of a third circle segment ( 13 ) is bounded. Device according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the inner walls of the cavity ( 3 ) are made of aluminum or coated with aluminum. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the at least one irradiation unit ( 1 ) has a cooling device by means of which it is coolable. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a radiation intensity of the radiation from the irradiation unit ( 1 ) radiated infrared radiation and / or an irradiation period during which a strip-shaped partial surface of a particle layer of the irradiation unit ( 1 ) is irradiable, is adjustable.