DE102007039252A1 - Guidance system for a surface mining vehicle in an open-pit area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a destination guidance system (1) for a surface mining vehicle (V) in an open pit area (A), wherein the open pit area (A) has at least one destination area (Z) with a facility to be approached by the opencast vehicle (V) (E, E1, E2, E3, E4), comprising means (2) for locally guiding the opencast vehicle (V) to a target position (X) within the target area (Z) with a sensor (3) for local detection the actual position (I) of the opencast vehicle (V) in the target area (Z) relative to the device to be approached (E, E1, E2, E3, E4), with a unit (4) for determining the target position (X) depending on Set-up and / or destination parameters and with a unit (5) for determining guidance instructions for transferring the opencast vehicle (V) from its actual position (I) to the destination position (X).

Description

The The invention relates to a route guidance system for a surface mining vehicle in an open pit area.

At the Degradation of raw materials in opencast mining areas, there are increasingly aspirations the use of resources, especially costs and time, preferably optimally designed. This can be enabled if, for example Funding times, loading times, Transport times or times for the repair of vehicles etc. preferably be kept low.

task The present invention is a route guidance system for an open pit mining vehicle to provide in an open pit area, with which the navigation an open-pit vehicle within an open-pit area is improved.

The Task is solved by means of a route guidance system for a Surface mining vehicle in an open pit area, where the open pit area has at least one destination with a device to be approached by the open-pit vehicle, comprising a device for local management of the opencast mining vehicle to a target location within the target area with a sensor for the local recording of the actual position of the opencast mine in the Target area relative to the device to be approached, with one unit determining the target position depending on facility and / or Target area parameters, and with a unit for the determination of Guidance instructions for the transfer of the Open pit vehicle from its actual position to the target position.

Open pit areas usually have very large spatial Dimensions on. Furthermore, the open-pit mines used also have size Dimensions. This makes this un clear and difficult to handle, especially when moving backwards become.

Within of the open-pit area, there are certain target areas. Within the Target areas are each at least one through the open-pit vehicle to be approached device. The facilities may be, for example: facilities for the handling of raw materials or for the extraction of raw materials, in particular bulk, such as metal ores, vehicle halls, service facilities for vehicles, such as maintenance and workshop, etc ... , Target area can therefore be any area within the open pit area be understood that has a finite extent, which is smaller is considered the extent of the open pit area, and in which at least a facility exists with which an open-pit vehicle is planned in functional Interaction can occur. The device can be mobile or immobile be educated.

Around one possible effective and / or efficient interaction of the opencast mining vehicle to ensure with the device Within each destination area, there is at least one destination location which is to be approached by the opencast vehicle. The target area can also be temporally variable be, for example, that, for example, a mining of raw materials and thus change the position of a bulk material removal device. The Target position can also be temporally variable. Further considered the target position preferably boundary conditions, which by the Target area and the default device are given. Become these are not taken into account, For example, it may happen that a target position is set, which is not approachable. The target position can be automated or manually set.

through a sensor for local detection of the actual position of the open-pit vehicle in the target area relative to the device to be approached, it is possible to relate the actual position and the target position to each other. For local recording of the actual position of the opencast mining vehicle for example, reference points in the target area and / or on the device used, so-called landmarks.

Of the Sensor can be used, for example, as a scanner, camera or radar device be formed, which the closer Environment captured in real time. In practice, for example, at one by a heavy truck or Truck to be approached bulk material removal device, such as an excavator, which promotes, for example, ore, distinctive and essential Characteristics of the excavator reproducing points, for example by Reflectors, be marked.

at the exemplary use of reflectors are these advantageously arranged such that the sensor of the route guidance system, the reflectors independent on the excavator from its positioning within the target area. For example, at least one reflector is near the bucket arranged, which for the loading of the open-pit vehicle is essential, as well as, for example at the cab and on the chassis of the excavator. The detected signals are with eg. compared with reference data and therefrom a location and / or an orientation the facility - here of the excavator - determined.

Consequently the sensor can identify at any time, in which position, d. H. Location and orientation, the excavator is currently located and this position, for example, on a display, which also represents the actual position of the truck relative to the excavator.

Furthermore, a unit for determining the target position depends on the set-up and / or destination parameters defines the destination position. Setup parameters are constraints associated with the function of the facility. These can be, for example, structural parameters of the device to be approached, which, for example, specify that a specific device can only be approached from a certain direction, that it requires a certain operating radius, or the like.

Destination parameters are parameters which specify, for example, which way within the Target area it at all possible is to drive a facility and interact with this to step.

in the In the above example, the target position is preferably such selected that only the boom of the excavator on which the bucket is arranged, must be swiveled to perform the loading process. Further can be considered which target position can be written to the dredge bucket Circular path or semicircular path time optimal for a loading or unloading is, especially under consideration the approach of the open-pit vehicle to this target position. this applies analogous to any other facilities, such as unloading the opencast mine is, or has to be put in a certain position to get there To carry out service work on the open-pit vehicle or the open-pit vehicle save space, etc ....

is the target position or the actual position is determined or determined, so be with a unit for determining route guidance instructions for the transfer of the Open pit mine vehicle corresponding to its actual position to the target position Navigation instructions determined. The guidance instructions are extremely helpful during the positioning of the open-cast mining vehicle in the target position. by virtue of the confusion, Size and weight Of open-pit vehicles, it is usually extremely difficult for the driver and possibly associated with multiple attempts to start, a target position to drive exactly.

In An advantageous embodiment of the invention, the destination guidance system an output unit for outputting route guidance instructions as optical and / or acoustically issued driving instructions to a driver of the Open pit vehicle on. The driver will thus receive instructions on how to do this Surface mining vehicle best possible transferred from its actual position to the specified target position. When The only source of error remains here is the driver leading the opencast mine.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Guidance System a control device for the open-pit vehicle for the automatic implementation of route guidance instructions leading into the vehicle Control interventions on. In this case, the open-pit vehicle will automatically drive off its actual position on a precalculated path to the target position. This also driving errors are excluded by a driver. One Such a procedure is particularly advantageous when a Target position relative to a device variable and time-optimized is determined. Because of the automated movement of the opencast mining vehicle in the target position is usually the associated time known that this approach from a specific actual position in the specified Target position required. Possibly. can this also constantly be precalculated and then possibly the target position changed and be redefined so that the best possible result is achieved. Insofar all the necessary information is available here, a time-optimized selection of a target position and startup enable a target position selected on this basis.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention the determination unit for determining the target position in dependence of at least one of the group comprising bulk material removal device, bulk material handling device, Vehicle hall or open pit vehicle service facility trained. For all these devices require a particularly precise start, for the best possible To reach the result. Therefore, the invention is in such devices particularly advantageous applicable. Due to the size, complexity and severity Open pit mining vehicles achieve a defined exact target position difficult. Insofar leads just in these facilities, the use of the route guidance system To save a great deal of time and increase the efficiency of each Measure.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the route guidance system comprises a device for globally managing the open cast mining vehicle on a road network of the open pit area to a destination area with a satellite-supported location determining unit for the opencast vehicle. Thus, not only is a local management of the open cast mining vehicle undertaken within certain target areas, but in addition an improved guidance within the road network of the open pit area between target areas takes place. This makes it possible for an opencast vehicle in each case travels the shortest path, for example. From a first target area to a second target area within the open pit area. Furthermore, depending on data for determining the location of open-pit mining vehicles, it is possible to schedule activities at the respective facilities which are approached by opencast mining vehicles the, vary. For example, by determining expected times of arrival of open-pit mining vehicles from the location rules for particular facilities and constantly updating them. Preferably, these are to be approached device and possibly a central fed. This makes it possible to optimally coordinate a plurality of opencast mining vehicles in their behavior and thereby further improve the processes in a mine and at the respective facilities.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention the route guidance system at least one sensor arranged at the open pit mine for determination the change of location of the opencast vehicle outside of a target area in the open pit area. The sensor is particular then particularly advantageous if the open pit area a deep sole having. Especially in the case of a deep bottom of the opencast mining area, it can be partially cut within an open-pit area problems with a satellite-based location determination come. The deep sole in combination with the position of satellites in the Orbit can cause a significant degradation of satellite-based signals lead to the location. For by education the walls of the towering from the sole Open pit areas can Radio Shadow go out, the temporary satellite-based location do not allow. So it comes because of the geological topology of the open pit area for interruption of the location required Satellite connections, so can by means of the sensor for determination the change of location of the opencast vehicle outside a target area in the open pit area, a change in position of the opencast vehicle without using satellite signals become. This is based on the last known place, which means the satellite-based Location unit of the opencast vehicle was determined. It is thus possible the position of the open-cast mining vehicle on the road network of the open pit area continue to pursue, although no satellite-based location of the open-pit vehicle is more possible. As examples of such Sensors for determining a change in location can be named: Ondometer, Gyroscope, use of geometry data of a radio network for the open pit area as well as reference points of target areas, which are near the road network are arranged. The latter can For example, reference points on portable or mobile opencast mining facilities include.

In An advantageous embodiment of the invention, the destination guidance system a central monitoring unit for local tracking of opencast mining vehicles and trafficability of the road network in the open pit area. This ensures that the movement of individual open-pit vehicles in advantageous Way can be matched. It can thus be an active Fleet management or an active fleet control done. Further always have information about the condition and the navigability of the road network in the open pit area in front. Both the location tracking of opencast mining vehicles as well as information on the Trafficability of the road network is essential for fleet management, which is flexible and dynamic for change resources, such as the number of open pit mining vehicles available or the blocking and clearance of routes within the road network of the open pit area, can react.

In an advantageous embodiment The invention comprises the route guidance system a communication device for, in particular wireless, transmission data between central monitoring unit and / or surface mining vehicle and / or facility. By such Communication device, it is possible the central monitoring unit and / or surface mining vehicles and / or facilities always to one current information status. This information can For example, concern the road network, the state of opencast vehicles or the condition of facilities passing through the open-pit vehicle are to be driven. In particular, by means of such a communication device Fleet management will be further flexibilised, since it is very short-term on changes of the process within the open pit area can be reacted.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention in the central monitoring unit a model of the road network drivable by open pit vehicles deposited. It can thus by means of the central monitoring unit planning be made at the road network, which lead to the processes in the open pit area be further improved. In particular, by means of such Model of drivable road network also a behavior of open-pit vehicles be simulated on the basis of a specific road network. It can thus Consequences of openings and blockages in the road network are better estimated, and thus the risk of erroneous actions, which the process within the open pit area significantly to disturb, be prevented.

In particular, it is therefore advantageous that the road network in the central monitoring unit is editable. The road network model can thus be edited freely in the central monitoring unit. For example, extensions of the open-pit area can therefore be optimized initially by means of the road network model in the central monitoring unit. In particular, by Bearbei The road network model in the central monitoring unit attempts to further improve the processes in the opencast mining area, which are related to the extraction, transport and further processing of raw materials. Improvements relate here, in particular to the reduction of costs by reducing delivery times, transport times, downtimes, etc ....

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is Road network model based on road network change notifications from im Open pit mining opencast mining vehicles can be updated automatically. In open pit areas it can be more common to embankment slides or landslides come. This can lead to sections of paths spill be and thus by open pit vehicles are no longer passable. A first open-pit vehicle, which is on such an obstacle meets, shares this as possible immediately the central monitoring unit with which automatically the road network model based on this information updates or changes, d. H. in the present case of a landslide the affected road network section locks. This is preferably the other open-pit vehicles promptly communicated, usually over the communication device. This will prevent a Variety of opencast vehicles is trying to build a road network section drive, which is no longer passable. This is special advantageous in that open cast mining vehicles can be redirected early, thereby difficult control maneuvers The open pit vehicles can be avoided.

Especially It is advantageous that an updated road network model by means of the communication device to an open-pit vehicle in the open pit area übermittelbar is. Preferably, as soon as a disturbance in the road network has become known, carried out an automatic update of the road network model in the central monitoring unit and subsequently the updated road network model with the latest information transmitted to all opencast mining vehicles in the open pit area. It stands thus in as possible a short time essentially all located in the open pit area Opencast mining vehicles the most up to date information about the Road network available.

advantageously, are all open pit mines with a display in the cab on which the road network model is visualized. Preferably become open pit vehicles which are on a road network section which was subject to the update, in the form of a warning signal warned. Because these are usually directly from the update of the road network model and therefore usually need as well change their route.

Further Advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following embodiments, which are explained in more detail with reference to the schematic drawing. Show it:

1 an overview of an open-pit area with various target areas, facilities and open pit mines,

2 a representation of an exemplary route guidance system and the interaction of the various components of the system,

3 a loading and unloading on a bulk material removal device.

1 shows an exemplary plan view of an open pit area A. The open pit area A has a plurality of target areas Z. Within each destination area Z, a facility is positioned. The facilities may be fixed in location, such as a vehicle hall E3, a trained as a workshop service facility for open-pit vehicles E4 or as bulk handling station E2. Alternatively, the devices may also be designed to be mobile, such as devices that are designed as bulk solids removal devices E1, and of which a plurality is present on the open pit area A.

The Open pit area A is traversed by a road network N. On the road network N can Opencast mining vehicles V operate. Under open-pit vehicle V will each in the open-pit area A mobile, specially designed for surface mining Understood vehicle. For example, therefore also bulk solids removal equipment as open pit mining vehicles V be understood. A to be approached by a bulk material removal device Device may be for example a special heap or a raw material deposit. In any case, the term open-pit mining vehicle is not on heavy-duty vehicles or trucks for the transport of raw materials.

In addition, a central Y is located on the open-pit area. The headquarters Y has a central monitoring unit 10 on, as well as a central part of a communication device 11 , Preferably, each facility on the open-pit area A and each open-pit vehicle V has a corresponding part to the central communication device 11 on. Thus, a communication of all relevant institutions on the open pit area A is possible.

The target positions to be approached by an open-pit vehicle V are generally dependent on a device to be approached in a specific destination zone Z. For example, in the vehicle hall E3, it is necessary to ensure easy parking in and out of the vehicle hall. Know sen to be parked in the vehicle hall opencast vehicles V in 1 not shown on sensor. This detects, if the open-pit vehicle V is located in the corresponding target area Z with the vehicle hall E3, its surroundings. By selected points or by utilization of the entire determined environmental profile and comparison with reference profiles, an actual position of the open-pit vehicle V is determined absolutely or relative to the vehicle hall E3, and set a target position of the open-pit vehicle V.

in the Case of the vehicle hall E3 becomes the target position for a parked open-pit vehicle V are usually set in such a way that the open-pit vehicle V on a provided for the open-pit vehicle V Pitch is positioned in the middle and in particular at and Ausparken without damage of third objects can rank or park on and off.

Possibly For example, a facility can communicate directly with open-pit vehicle V. For example shows the vehicle hall E3 an open-pit vehicle V by reading an RFID code the open-pit vehicle V to this a specific pitch, which can then be approached by the open-pit vehicle V.

In a trained as a workshop open pit vehicle service facility It may be E4 required that an open-pit vehicle V for maintenance on a lift is positioned. Due to the size and complexity of opencast mining vehicles This is usually associated with considerable difficulties. By the route guidance system according to the invention is a positioning of the open-pit vehicle V, for example on a lift greatly simplified. Also for The workshop exists a reference profile, which of the open-pit vehicle upon entry into the respective target area Z, in which the Workshop E4 is located, to determine the actual position and fixing the Target position is used. This is analogously the case for the bulk material handling equipment E2.

in the Generally, under bulk material handling equipment Any facility will understand the bulk material in some way redistributed. Thus, for example, is a bulk material removal device, with which a truck is loading or unloading, a special training a Bulk handling facility.

at Entry into the destination area Z of the bulk material handling facility E2 It should be noted that on the one hand one of the bulk material handling equipment E2 comprised loading unit rails run on which raw materials usually be transported by rail-bound vehicles. Further, on the other side of the loading unit heaps for storage of bulk material arranged.

This has the consequence that the bulk material handling device E2 can not be approached in any way. Much more restrict the destination area parameters or bulk material handling place parameters strongly the positioning of a bulk material handling device E2 approaching open-pit vehicle V. In a final loading of a Open-pit vehicle V is based on the target area parameters, d. H. here dump position and track layout, as well as depending determines a target position from the parameters of the loading unit. Preferably this is determined such that the loading unit without Verfahrung their base frame can unload the open-pit vehicle V and the either simply by swinging it onto the heap or one for that can unload the waiting train or wagon.

For loading and unloading operations for bulk material removal devices, which are referred to as a device E1 when interacting with another open-pit vehicle V, is described in detail in 3 received.

2 shows a route guidance system 1 with which the navigation of opencast mining vehicles in an open pit area can be improved. 2 shows an example designed as a heavy truck or truck open pit vehicle V. This includes a device 2 to locally guide open pit vehicle V to a target location within a target area. For this purpose, the open-pit vehicle V has a sensor 3 on. This is designed for example as a 2D long-range scanner. Alternatively, for example, a radar-using sensor or a camera system can be used to detect the environment in a target area. The through the sensor 3 detected environmental features become a control device 7 fed.

There are those of the sensor 3 supplied data compared with reference data. As a result, an actual position within the target area, in particular relative to the device to be approached, can be determined. Preferably, the actual position and the position of the device to be approached, ie location and / or orientation of the device to be approached, on an output unit 6 shown in the cab of the open-pit vehicle V. Preferably, the position of the device and the actual position of the open-pit vehicle are constantly updated. The driver is thus always aware of its relative actual position compared to the device to be approached.

Furthermore, the driver by means of the output unit 6 also set a target position. The desired target position is determined by means of the output unit 6 , which is designed for example as a touch screen, input and the control device 7 fed.

The control device 7 includes in the embodiment a unit 5 for determining route guidance instructions. Starting from the means of the sensor 3 detected environmental characteristics of available reference profiles and the now set by the driver target position determines the unit 5 for determining guidance instructions an optimal way to transfer the open-pit vehicle V in the target position.

For example, the driver receives this via the output unit 6 visual and audible information as to how to control the open-pit vehicle V to move the open-pit vehicle V from the present position to the target position. The driver only has to follow the instructions to transfer the opencast vehicle V to the target position.

Furthermore, by means of an open-pit vehicle V existing communication device 11 with the device to be approached, in particular if the opencast vehicle V is already positioned within the target area associated with the device to be approached, communicates. In particular, the specified target position is transmitted to the device to be approached. This is particularly advantageous when a target position is temporally variable. This is the case, for example, when transferring bulk material between a bulk material removal device and a truck. A target position may be time-varying due to rotational movements of the device; In this case, the target area usually remains constant over time. A target position may also be variable in time due to translational movements of the device. In the latter case, the target area is usually temporally variable.

As an alternative to the execution of target instructions by the driver, the control device 7 directly take over the steering operation, the engine and the drive of an open-pit vehicle V, and move the open-pit vehicle V fully automated in the target position. In a fully automated movement of an open-pit vehicle V to a target position within a target area relative to a device to be approached additional time can be saved. In particular, when an open-pit vehicle V and a to be approached by the open-pit vehicle V device are designed to be mobile.

Furthermore, the surface mining vehicle V has a device for globally guiding the opencast mining vehicle V between target areas on a road network of the open pit area A. For this purpose, satellite signals are used which, for example, are emitted by GPS satellites S. From the satellite signals is determined by means of a location determination unit 12 determined a position of the open-pit vehicle V on the road network of the open-pit area.

Due to the depth of the open-pit area under horizon and associated radio shadows, it may happen that no satellite-based location of the open-pit vehicle V can be made. In order to still be able to carry out a localization of the open-pit vehicle V is a sensor 9 for determining the change in location of the open-pit vehicle V present.

This sensor 9 uses vehicle parameters, such as speed, distance traveled and / or acceleration to continue, despite missing satellite signals to perform a location determination of the open-pit vehicle V. It is based on the last determined with satellite-based location determination of the open-pit vehicle V and the data supplied by the sensor 9 determines the change of location. As a result, the location of the opencast vehicle without satellite signals for location determination can be determined at least approximately.

As soon as the open pit vehicle V is again supplied with satellite signals for location determination, an update of the position, ie of the location and / or, if appropriate, the orientation of the opencast mining vehicle V in the open pit area takes place. The by means of the sensor 9 possible interpolation of changes in the location of the open-pit vehicle V is usually only possible if a satellite-based location determination is only temporarily not feasible.

The location information of the open-pit vehicle V is, preferably continuously, to a central monitoring unit 10 as local averages O transmitted. For this purpose, the communication device 11 used. In addition to a transmission of a location of the open-pit vehicle V in the open-pit area also more information to the central monitoring unit 10 be transmitted.

In particular, information about the trafficability of a road network to the central monitoring unit 10 sent as route change messages B. Such information is provided by the central monitoring unit 10 to a unit 12 forwarded to road network editing or updating. Meeting information at the central monitoring unit 10 a, that certain road network sections are no longer passable, for example, due to an operating disturbing influences, such as landslides, so by means of the road network updating unit 12 automatically in the central monitoring unit 10 This road network model updated.

The updated road network model is then communicated by means of the communication device 11 preferably sent to all surface mining vehicles V, in particular trucks, in the open pit area as a model update message M. The open-pit vehicles V and facilities can thus always be an illustration of a current road network on its output unit 6 call or visualize. Thus, in the case of slopes, floods or similar disruptive operation of the mine, information regarding an infrastructure state of the open-pit area, in particular blocking or opening of road network section, forwarded to all mobile opencast mining vehicles V as soon as possible. The operation can thus be maintained at least limited, preferably unrestricted, due to a driving route change of the opencast mining vehicles V.

Analogous These statements apply for mobile devices, such as bulk solids removal equipment, which also need such information in order to be on the open pit area to move efficiently.

Furthermore, in the central monitoring unit 10 A change of the road network is planned, which may be necessary due to the spatial extension of the open pit area or continuous changes in the open pit area. For this purpose, the traffic flows in the open pit area in the central monitoring unit 10 first be simulated before an updated road network model is transmitted to all open-pit vehicles V. This reduces the risk that, due to a new road network concept, problems will arise in the extraction and transport of raw materials in the open pit area.

3 shows in detail a target area Z, which has a bulk material removal device E1. In the in 3 As shown, a bucket load of ore from a raw material reservoir R is being removed. In the target area Z there are meanwhile two open-pit vehicles V designed as trucks or heavy-duty vehicles. A first heavy-duty vehicle V has already been transferred to a target position and is loaded with ore. The loaded bucket of the bulk material removal device is now positioned and opened by pivoting the excavator directly above the bed of the heavy-duty truck V.

The Target position of the first heavy-duty vehicle V is on the arranged by the excavator bucket circular path. Especially the first heavy goods vehicle V is located as close as possible to the raw material deposit R, so that the excavator bucket travel only a short distance until this is above the loading area of the heavy-duty truck V is located. As a result, the loading process of the truck in time as possible be kept short.

Meanwhile, a second heavy truck V reaches the target area Z. By means of a sensor 3 This now takes a determination of the actual position relative to the bulk material removal device E1. For this purpose, the second heavy-duty vehicle V uses a sensor designed, for example, as a 2D long-range scanner 3 , The one from the scanner 3 Imitated radiation is reflected by arranged on the bulk material removal device E1 reflectors. The use of alternative sensors 3 is possible, for. B. radar in conjunction with suitable transponders as reflectors.

The Arrangement of the reflectors on bulk material removal device E1 is such that from the determination of the position of the reflectors a unique positioning, d. H. Determination of location and orientation, the bulk material removal device E1 is possible. Out the determination of the actual position of the second heavy-duty vehicle V relative to the bulk material removal device E1 now considering the destination area parameter and the bulk material removal device parameter set a target position X automatically.

there we you. a. considered, that a first heavy truck by the bulk material removal device E3 still ready to be loaded, and secondly the second heavy-duty vehicle V from its determined actual position still in a target position X is to convict. Furthermore, the path times of the loaded and unloaded blade should be as possible be kept low. The target position X results automatically for the respective location on the movable of the bucket of the bulk material removal device Circular path at which time for the loading of the truck as possible is low. Alternatively, but usually with night part, also be selected a target position not on the circular path described by the bucket with fix positioned excavator substructure lies (in plan view).

Of the second heavy truck V preferably runs fully automated to the target position X, while the first heavy-duty truck V finished loading and then leaves the Z destination.

Furthermore, by means of a in 3 not shown communication device of the second Heavy-duty vehicle V which transmits the determined target position X to the bulk material reduction device E1. This makes it possible to transfer the loaded excavator bucket fully automatically, and thus at a higher speed, to the destination position X.

One Such a procedure therefore allows a loading operation of a heavy-duty vehicle V by a bulk material removal device E1 with minimal time expenditure.

Further be through the fully automated positioning of the truck and the blade error sources, such as incorrect positioning of the load area the heavy-duty truck relative to a possible transfer position of the bulk material through the Shovel, avoided.

During the Loading operation of the second heavy-duty vehicle in the target position Now navigates a third heavy truck V on the opposite Side of the bulk material chiller E1 and gets there by means of his device for local leadership in a target position in which the third heavy-duty V after completion of the charging process for the second heavy truck V is loaded. This will avoid waiting times for the excavator and the mining capacity, d. H. funded Volume per unit of time, if possible optimally utilized. Few advantageous solutions in which about the Bulk material disposer E1 longer distances, must travel in particular translational, To load or unload a heavy goods vehicle V can also with the route guidance system according to the invention will be realized.

Preferably has an open-pit vehicle and a device to be approached by this at least one RFID tag. The RFID tags can contain both additional information, about open pit vehicle parameters, Provide facility parameters or target area parameters, as well by a suitable sensor or readout unit for local guidance, such as based on a signal propagation time measurement of the read information, be used. When attaching multiple RFID tags to an open-pit vehicle or a facility thus also an orientation of the open-pit vehicle or the Determine device relative to the reading sensor. The usage of RFID tags thus advantageously has a combinatorial Effect. Namely to provide information through the interrogation of deposited information as well as for destination guidance by determining the position, d. H. Place and orientation, one Open pit mining vehicle or facility relative to a polling, for the position determination trained reading unit.

Claims (12)

Route guidance system ( 1 ) for a surface mining vehicle (V) in an open pit area (A), wherein the open pit area (A) has at least one destination area (Z) with a facility (E, E1, E2) to be approached by the open pit vehicle (V) E3, E4), comprising a device ( 2 ) for local guidance of the open-pit vehicle (V) to a target position (X) within the target area (Z) with a sensor ( 3 ) for local detection of the actual position (I) of the opencast vehicle (V) in the target area (Z) relative to the device to be approached (E, E1, E2, E3, E4), with a unit ( 4 ) for determining the target position (Z) depending on facility and / or destination parameters, and with a unit ( 5 ) for determining route guidance instructions for transferring the opencast vehicle (V) from its actual position (I) to the destination position (X). A route guidance system according to claim 1, comprising an output unit ( 6 ) for outputting route guidance instructions as visual and / or audible issued driving instructions to a driver of the opencast vehicle (V). A route guidance system according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a control device ( 7 ) for the opencast vehicle (V) for the automatic implementation of the guidance instructions in the open pit vehicle (V) leading control actions. A route guidance system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the unit ( 4 ) for defining the target position (Z) in dependence on at least one device (E) from the group comprising bulk material removal device (E1), bulk material handling device (E2), vehicle hall (E3) or open pit vehicle service device (E4) is formed. A route guidance system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a device ( 8th ) for the global management of the opencast mining vehicle (V) on a road network (N) of the open pit area (A) to a destination area (Z) with a satellite-supported location determination unit ( 12 ) for the surface mining vehicle (V). A route guidance system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising at least one sensor (4) arranged on the surface mining vehicle (V). 9 ) for determining the change in location of the opencast mining vehicle (V) outside a target area (Z) in the open pit area (A). A route guidance system according to one of claims 1 to 6, having a central monitoring unit ( 10 ) for the location tracking of opencast mining vehicles (V) and the trafficability of the road network (N) in the open pit area (A). A route guidance system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a communication device ( 11 ) for, in particular wireless, transmission of data between central monitoring unit ( 10 ) and / or surface mining vehicle (V) and / or device (E, E1, E2, E3, E4). A route guidance system according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in the central monitoring unit ( 10 ) a model (M) of the open-pit vehicles (V) passable road network is deposited. A route guidance system according to claim 9, wherein the road network model (M) in the central monitoring unit ( 10 ) is editable. Guidance System according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the road network model (M) based on Road network change notifications (B) of surface mining vehicles (V) located in the open pit area (A) automatically is updatable. A route guidance system according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein an updated road network model (M) by means of the communication device ( 11 ) can be transmitted to a surface mining vehicle (V) in the open pit area (A).