DE102005052390A1 - Membrane structure for the separation of hydrogen or oxygen - Google Patents
Membrane structure for the separation of hydrogen or oxygen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102005052390A1 DE102005052390A1 DE102005052390A DE102005052390A DE102005052390A1 DE 102005052390 A1 DE102005052390 A1 DE 102005052390A1 DE 102005052390 A DE102005052390 A DE 102005052390A DE 102005052390 A DE102005052390 A DE 102005052390A DE 102005052390 A1 DE102005052390 A1 DE 102005052390A1
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- membrane structure
- membrane
- structure according
- hydrogen
- oxygen
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001652 poly(etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical group [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000923 precious metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001657 poly(etheretherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910014459 Ca-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910014473 Ca—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEZHBSJTXKKFMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nickel Chemical compound [Ca].[Ni] JEZHBSJTXKKFMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0072—Inorganic membrane manufacture by deposition from the gaseous phase, e.g. sputtering, CVD, PVD
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/108—Inorganic support material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/022—Metals
- B01D71/0223—Group 8, 9 or 10 metals
- B01D71/02231—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/52—Polyethers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/52—Polyethers
- B01D71/522—Aromatic polyethers
- B01D71/5222—Polyetherketone, polyetheretherketone, or polyaryletherketone
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/62—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain
- B01D71/64—Polyimides; Polyamide-imides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
- C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
- C01B13/0229—Purification or separation processes
- C01B13/0248—Physical processing only
- C01B13/0251—Physical processing only by making use of membranes
- C01B13/0255—Physical processing only by making use of membranes characterised by the type of membrane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
- C01B3/503—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion characterised by the membrane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
- C01B3/503—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion characterised by the membrane
- C01B3/505—Membranes containing palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/10—Single element gases other than halogens
- B01D2257/108—Hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/02—Details relating to pores or porosity of the membranes
- B01D2325/027—Nonporous membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/04—Characteristic thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/22—Thermal or heat-resistance properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0405—Purification by membrane separation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/047—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0053—Hydrogen
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
Es werden ein Membranaufbau und eine Verwendung eines Membranaufbaus zur Abscheidung von Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff aus einem Gasgemisch angegeben. Der Membranaufbau weist eine temperaturbeständige, nicht poröse Polymermembran aus Polyimid oder Polyetherketon und eine Deckschicht, deren Dicke weniger als 100 nm beträgt, aus Edelmetall oder einer Edelmetallegierung auf.A membrane structure and the use of a membrane structure for the separation of hydrogen or oxygen from a gas mixture are specified. The membrane structure has a temperature-resistant, non-porous polymer membrane made of polyimide or polyether ketone and a cover layer, the thickness of which is less than 100 nm, made of noble metal or a noble metal alloy.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Membranaufbau zur Abtrennung von Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff sowie eine Verwendung eines derartigen Membranaufbaus zur Abtrennung von Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff.The The present invention relates to a membrane assembly for separation of hydrogen or oxygen and a use of such Membrane structure for the separation of hydrogen or oxygen.
Die Abscheidung von hochreinem Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff aus einem Gasgemisch ist bei verschiedenen Prozessen erforderlich, beispielsweise zur Abtrennung von CO aus Reformat-Gas vor Zuleitung zu einer Brennstoffzelle, zur Wasserstoffrückgewinnung in petrochemischen Anlagen oder bei der Ammoniaksynthese oder zur Gewinnung von reinem Sauerstoff für Kraftwerke mit interner Kohlevergasung oder für die kontinuierliche Notversorgung von Passagieren, beispielsweise in Flugzeugen.The Separation of high purity hydrogen or oxygen from one Gas mixture is required in various processes, for example for separating CO from reformate gas before supplying it to a fuel cell, for hydrogen recovery in petrochemical plants or in ammonia synthesis or to Recovery of pure oxygen for power plants with internal coal gasification or for the continuous emergency supply of passengers, for example in planes.
Grundsätzlich ist es bekannt, Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff durch eine Polymermembran oder eine Metallmembran, die für Wasserstoff bzw. Sauerstoff durchlässig sind, abzuscheiden.Basically It is known to hydrogen or oxygen through a polymer membrane or a metal membrane used for Hydrogen or oxygen are permeable to precipitate.
Der Artikel "Separation of Hydrogen from H2-CO Gas Mixtures Using amorphous Ca-Ni Alloy Films" von H. Sakaguchi et al., Journal of the Less-Common Metals, 171 (1991), Seiten 353 bis 356, beschreibt die Untersuchung der Wasserstoffabscheidung bei einem Membranaufbau mit einer Polymermembran aus Polyimid mit einer Dicke von 40 μm, mit einer Zwischenschicht aus Nickel mit einer Dicke von etwa 1 μm und mit einer Wasserstofftrennmembran aus einer Calcium-Nickel-Legierung mit einer Dicke von 0,1 bis 0,5 μm bei Temperaturen von 318 bis 388 K und bei Drücken bis 2,5 MPa.Of the Article "Separation of Hydrogen from H2-CO Gas Mixtures Using Amorphous Ca-Ni Alloy Films "by H. Sakaguchi et al., Journal of the Less-Common Metals, 171 (1991), pages 353-356, describes the study the hydrogen separation in a membrane structure with a polymer membrane of polyimide with a thickness of 40 μm, with an intermediate layer nickel with a thickness of about 1 μm and with a hydrogen separation membrane of a calcium-nickel alloy with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 μm at temperatures from 318 to 388 K and at pressures up to 2.5 MPa.
Der Artikel "Separation of a Gas Mixture through a Polymer Membrane Metallized with Palladium" von P.V. Mercea et al., Gas Separation & Purification, 1990, Vol. 4, September, Seiten 137 bis 140, beschreibt Untersuchungen eines Membranaufbaus mit einer PTFE-Membran mit einer Dicke von 70 μm und mit einer Deckschicht aus Palladium oder anderen Metallen mit einer Dicke von 0,1 μm bei Temperaturen von 26 bis 60°C und bei Drücken bis 1 MPa.Of the Article "Separation of a Gas Mixture through a Polymer Membrane Metallized with Palladium "by P.V. Mercea et al., Gas Separation & Purification, 1990, Vol. 4, September, pages 137 to 140, describes investigations a membrane construction with a PTFE membrane with a thickness of 70 μm and with a top layer of palladium or other metals with one Thickness of 0.1 μm at temperatures of 26 to 60 ° C and when pressed up to 1 MPa.
Bis heute sind keine brauchbaren Membranaufbauten verfügbar, die den Anforderungen hoher Temperaturbeständigkeit, hoher Druckbeständigkeit und hoher Separations- bzw. Abscheidungsraten gerecht werden.To Today, no useful membrane assemblies are available which the requirements of high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance and meet high separation or separation rates.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Membranaufbau und eine Verwendung eines Membranaufbaus zur Abscheidung von Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff anzugeben, die auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise eine Abscheidung von Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff bei hohen Temperaturen, wie Sie üblicherweise bei Prozessen auftreten, bei hohen Drücken und bei hoher Separations- bzw. Abscheidungsrate ermöglichen.Of the present invention is based on the object, a membrane structure and a use of a membrane assembly for the separation of hydrogen or indicate oxygen in a simple and inexpensive manner a separation of hydrogen or oxygen at high temperatures, as you usually do occur in processes, at high pressures and at high separation or deposition rate.
Die obige Aufgabe wird durch einen Membranaufbau gemäß Anspruch 1 oder eine Verwendung gemäß Anspruch 14 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The The above object is achieved by a membrane structure according to claim 1 or a use according to claim 14 solved. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Ein wesentlicher Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt darin, eine nicht poröse Polymermembran, die insbesondere aus Polyimid oder Polyetherketon besteht und über 150°C temperaturbeständig ist, mit einer sehr dünnen Deckschicht aus Edelmetall oder einer Metallegierung als Trennschicht, die für Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff durchlässig ist, zu versehen. Bei einer Dicke der Deckschicht von vorzugsweise weniger als 100 nm, insbesondere von weniger als 50 nm, sind sehr hohe Separations- bzw. Abscheidungsraten (Massen- oder Volumenstrom an abgeschiedenem Wasserstoff oder Sauerstoff pro Flächeneinheit des Membranaufbaus bei einer bestimmten Druckdifferenz) möglich.One An essential aspect of the present invention is a non-porous Polymer membrane, in particular of polyimide or polyetherketone exists and over 150 ° C is temperature resistant, with a very thin one Cover layer of noble metal or a metal alloy as a release layer, those for hydrogen or oxygen permeable is to provide. With a thickness of the cover layer of preferably less than 100 nm, in particular less than 50 nm, are very high separation or deposition rates (mass or volume flow on deposited hydrogen or oxygen per unit area the membrane structure at a certain pressure difference) possible.
Weitere
Aspekte, Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung
ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels
anhand der Zeichnung. Die einzige Figur zeigt:
eine schematische
Schnittdarstellung eines vorschlagsgemäßen Membranaufbaus.Further aspects, features, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawing. The only figure shows:
a schematic sectional view of a proposed membrane structure.
Die
Figur zeigt in einem schematischen Schnitt einen vorschlagsgemäßen Membranaufbau
Die
Polymermembran
Die
Polymermembran
Die
Polymermembran
Gemäß einer Ausführungsvariante besteht die Polymermembran zumindest im wesentlichen aus wasserstofffreiem Polyimid oder aus einem Polyimid, das Amid-, Ester- und/oder Ether-Gruppen enthält.According to one variant the polymer membrane consists at least substantially of hydrogen-free Polyimide or from a polyimide, the amide, ester and / or ether groups contains.
Gemäß einer
anderen Ausführungsvariante besteht
die Polymermembran
Die
Polymermembran
Zusätzlich oder
alternativ kann die Polymermembran
Die
Dicke der Polymermembran
Die
Polymermembran
Die
Dicke der Deckschicht
Vorzugsweise
besteht die Deckschicht
Zur
Sauerstoffabscheidung besteht die Deckschicht
Die
Deckschicht
Vorzugsweise
ist die Deckschicht
Die
Deckschicht
Der
vorschlagsgemäße Membranaufbau
Weiter
ist der vorschlagsgemäße Membranaufbau
Um
auch bei hohen Drücken über 1 MPa, vorzugsweise über 3 MPa,
insbesondere über
5 MPa, arbeiten zu können,
weist der Membranaufbau
Der
Träger
Der
Träger
In
dem schematischen Schnitt ist beispielhaft angedeutet, wie ein Gasstrom
bzw. Gasgemisch
Bei
Bedarf ist der vorschlagsgemäße Membranaufbau
Nachfolgend
werden beispielhaft einige Einsatzmöglichkeiten des vorschlagsgemäßen Membranaufbaus
Sauerstoff
kann mit Hilfe des vorschlagsgemäßen Membranaufbaus
Der
vorschlagsgemäße Membranaufbau
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005052390A DE102005052390A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2005-10-27 | Membrane structure for the separation of hydrogen or oxygen |
PCT/EP2006/006581 WO2007012388A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2006-07-06 | Membrane structure for the elimination of hydrogen or oxygen |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005035679 | 2005-07-27 | ||
DE102005035679.6 | 2005-07-27 | ||
DE102005052390A DE102005052390A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2005-10-27 | Membrane structure for the separation of hydrogen or oxygen |
Publications (1)
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DE102008016342A1 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Thermo Fisher Scientific (Bremen) Gmbh | Apparatus for the preparation of a gas stream before the supply thereof to a mass spectrometer |
DE102008025966A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | Elcomax Membranes Gmbh | Low temperature-polymer electrolyte membrane-fuel cell system, has power electronics for regulating electrical power supply to cleaning device e.g. high temperature proton pump, based on gaseous fuel requirement of fuel cell |
EP3683253A1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2020-07-22 | Arkema Inc. | Films and membranes of poly(aryl ketones) and methods of casting the same from solution |
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DE4232496A1 (en) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-03-31 | Geesthacht Gkss Forschung | New polyamideimide(s) - used for prodn. of gas-sepn. membranes and membranes contg. dispersed, catalytically active particles of metals, oxide(s), etc |
DE69703186T2 (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 2001-05-17 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Gas separation device |
DE69705173T2 (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 2001-11-22 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Gas separation device |
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GB1139501A (en) * | 1964-10-27 | 1969-01-08 | Energy Conversion Ltd | Improvements in or relating to gas permeable diaphragms |
US4857080A (en) * | 1987-12-02 | 1989-08-15 | Membrane Technology & Research, Inc. | Ultrathin composite metal membranes |
US5210059A (en) * | 1991-10-10 | 1993-05-11 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Multilayered catalyst for controlled transport of reactant |
US20030235737A1 (en) * | 2002-06-19 | 2003-12-25 | Yoocharn Jeon | Metal-coated polymer electrolyte and method of manufacturing thereof |
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DE4232496A1 (en) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-03-31 | Geesthacht Gkss Forschung | New polyamideimide(s) - used for prodn. of gas-sepn. membranes and membranes contg. dispersed, catalytically active particles of metals, oxide(s), etc |
DE69703186T2 (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 2001-05-17 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Gas separation device |
DE69705173T2 (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 2001-11-22 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Gas separation device |
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