DE102004026357B4 - Device and method for measuring an object - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring an object Download PDFInfo
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- DE102004026357B4 DE102004026357B4 DE102004026357.4A DE102004026357A DE102004026357B4 DE 102004026357 B4 DE102004026357 B4 DE 102004026357B4 DE 102004026357 A DE102004026357 A DE 102004026357A DE 102004026357 B4 DE102004026357 B4 DE 102004026357B4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
- G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2223/00—Investigating materials by wave or particle radiation
- G01N2223/40—Imaging
- G01N2223/419—Imaging computed tomograph
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Abstract
Vorrichtung zum Messen eines Objektes (3) umfassend ein Koordinatenmessgerät mit zumindest einer das Objekt messenden taktilen und/oder optischen Sensorik (8, 9) sowie einer das Objekt messenden Röntgensensorik (7), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Röntgensensorik (7) entsprechend der taktilen und/oder der optischen Sensorik (8, 9) als weitere Sensorik in dem Koordinatenmessgerät positionierbar ist, dass gleichwertig zur taktilen und/oder optischen Sensorik (8, 9) die Röntgensensorik (7) angeordnet ist, dass die Röntgensensorik (7) mit der optischen Sensorik (8) auf einer gemeinsamen mechanischen Achse (5) angeordnet ist, dass die Röntgensensorik (7) und die weitere Sensorik (8, 9) ein gemeinsames Koordinatensystem haben, und dass aus den mit der Röntgensensorik (7) ermittelten Messpunkten sowie den taktil ermittelten Messpunkten und / oder den optisch ermittelten Messpunkten eine gemeinsame Punktwolke zur weiteren Auswertung erzeugbar ist.Device for measuring an object (3) comprising a coordinate measuring machine with at least one tactile and/or optical sensor system (8, 9) measuring the object and an X-ray sensor system (7) measuring the object, characterized in that the X-ray sensor system (7) according to the tactile and/or the optical sensors (8, 9) can be positioned as additional sensors in the coordinate measuring machine, that the X-ray sensors (7) are arranged equivalent to the tactile and/or optical sensors (8, 9), that the X-ray sensors (7) with the optical sensor system (8) is arranged on a common mechanical axis (5), that the X-ray sensor system (7) and the other sensors (8, 9) have a common coordinate system, and that from the measuring points determined with the X-ray sensor system (7) and the tactilely determined measuring points and / or the optically determined measuring points a common point cloud can be generated for further evaluation.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Messen eines Objektes umfassend ein Koordinatenmessgerät mit zumindest einer das Objekt messenden taktilen und/oder optischen Sensorik sowie einer das Objekt messenden Röntgensensorik. Ferner bezieht sich die Erfindung auf ein Verfahren zum Messen eines Objektes umfassend ein Koordinatenmessgerät mit zumindest einer das Objekt messenden taktilen Sensorik und/oder optischen Sensorik sowie einer das Objekt messenden Röntgensensorik.The invention relates to a device for measuring an object, comprising a coordinate measuring machine with at least one tactile and/or optical sensor system measuring the object and an X-ray sensor system measuring the object. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for measuring an object, comprising a coordinate measuring machine with at least one tactile sensor system and/or optical sensor system measuring the object and an X-ray sensor system measuring the object.
Zum Messen der Geometrie von Werkstücken sind Koordinatenmessgeräte mit verschiedenen Sensoren bekannt. Als solche Sensoren werden optische und taktile Sensoren beschrieben (DE.Z.: Die Bibliothek der Technik, Bd. 248). Ebenfalls ist der Einsatz von Computer-Tomographen zur Bestimmung von Werkstückgeometrien insbesondere von Fehlstellen bekannt. So wird in der
Beim beschriebenen Stand der Technik finden verschiedene Aufgabenstellungen keine Beachtung. Ungelöst bleibt zum Beispiel das Problem, dass die Messobjekte eine größere Ausdehnung aufweisen können als der Messbereich des Computer-Tomographen. Da dieser starr am Grundaufbau des Koordinatenmessgerätes befestigt ist, ist ein Zusammensetzen mehrerer Computertomographie-Aufnahmen nicht möglich.In the prior art described, various tasks are not considered. For example, the problem that the measurement objects can be larger than the measurement range of the computer tomograph remains unsolved. Since this is rigidly attached to the basic structure of the coordinate measuring machine, it is not possible to combine several computed tomography recordings.
Darüber hinaus weisen Computer-Tomographen üblicherweise eine relativ grobe Messunsicherheit in der Größenordnung von 10 µm oder mehr auf. Die alleinige Messung des Messobjektes mit dem Computer-Tomographen - wie in der
Der
Ein Röntgenstrahleninspektionssystem zum Überprüfen von Flugzeugbauteilen ist der US 2003 / 0 043 964 A1 zu entnehmen. Um die Position des Sensors zu erfassen, gelangt das Triangulationsverfahren zum Einsatz.An x-ray inspection system for checking aircraft components can be found in US 2003/0 043 964 A1. The triangulation method is used to determine the position of the sensor.
Um große Bauteile zu messen, wird nach der
Ein Multisensormesskopf für Koordinatenmessgeräte wird in der
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt das Problem zu Grunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, dass auch Messobjekte größerer Ausdehnung problemlos gemessen werden können. Auch soll eine im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik höhere Messsicherheit erzielbar sein. Ferner soll auf einfache Weise eine geometrische Kalibrierung der Röntgensensorik (Computer-Tomographen) ermöglicht werden.The present invention is based on the problem of further developing a device and a method of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that measurement objects of greater dimensions can also be measured without any problems. It should also be possible to achieve greater measurement reliability compared to the prior art. Furthermore, a geometric calibration of the X-ray sensor system (computer tomograph) should be made possible in a simple manner.
Zur Lösung des Problems sieht die Erfindung im Wesentlichen vor, dass die Röntgensensorik entsprechend der taktilen Sensorik und/oder der optischen Sensorik in dem Koordinatenmessgerät positionierbar ist, dass gleichwertig zur taktilen und/oder optischen Sensorik die Röntgensensorik angeordnet ist, dass die Röntgensensorik mit der optischen Sensorik auf einer gemeinsamen mechanischen Achse angeordnet ist, dass die Röntgensensorik und die weitere Sensorik ein gemeinsames Koordinatensystem haben, und dass aus den mit der Röntgensensorik ermittelten Messpunkten sowie den taktil ermittelten Messpunkten und / oder den optisch ermittelten Messpunkten eine gemeinsame Punktwolke zur weiteren Auswertung erzeugbar ist.To solve the problem, the invention essentially provides that the x-ray sensor system can be positioned in the coordinate measuring machine in accordance with the tactile sensor system and/or the optical sensor system, that the x-ray sensor system is arranged equivalent to the tactile and/or optical sensor system, that the x-ray sensor system can be combined with the optical sensor system is arranged on a common mechanical axis, that the X-ray sensor system and the other sensors have a common coordinate system, and that a common point cloud for further evaluation can be generated from the measuring points determined with the X-ray sensor system and the tactilely determined measuring points and/or the optically determined measuring points .
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die Röntgensensorik (Computer-Tomograph) nicht lediglich fest am Koordinatenmessgerät angebaut wird, sondern als Sensorik vollständig in das Koordinatenmessgerät integriert wird. Hierzu werden Sender und Empfänger des Computer-Tomographen so im Koordinatenmessgerät angeordnet, wie dies üblicherweise bei Durchlichtbeleuchtung und Bildverarbeitungssensorik realisiert wird. Röntgenempfänger und Bildverarbeitungssensorik oder auch mechanischer Taster können auf einer gemeinsamen mechanischen Achse beweglich angeordnet sein. Gleichfalls ist es möglich für jede Sensorik separate Achsen einzusetzen. Die jeweiligen Strahlungsquellen für Licht- und Röntgenstrahlung sind der jeweiligen Sensorik gegenüber angeordnet.According to the invention, it is provided that the X-ray sensor system (computer tomograph) is not only permanently attached to the coordinate measuring machine, but is completely integrated into the coordinate measuring machine as a sensor system. For this purpose, the transmitter and receiver of the computer tomograph are arranged in the coordinate measuring machine in the way that is usually implemented with transmitted light illumination and image processing sensors. X-ray receivers and image processing sensors or also mechanical sensors can be movably arranged on a common mechanical axis. It is also possible to use separate axes for each sensor system. The respective radiation sources for light and X-ray radiation are arranged opposite the respective sensors.
Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau ist es möglich, mehrere Ausschnitte des Messobjektes nacheinander durch die bekannten Verfahren der Tomographie (Drehen des Teiles und Aufnehmen von mehreren Durchstrahlungsbildern) zu erfassen. Anschließend kann für die gesamte Menge der zusammengesetzten Durchstrahlungsbilder die 3D-Konstruktion erfolgen. Es ist somit möglich größere Messobjekte als durch das Sehfeld des Tomographen bedingt zu messen.The construction according to the invention makes it possible to acquire several sections of the measurement object one after the other using the known methods of tomography (rotating the part and taking several radiographs). The 3D construction can then be carried out for the entire set of composite radiographs. It is thus possible to measure larger measurement objects than required by the field of view of the tomograph.
Es werden erfindungsgemäß mehrere tomographische Bilder unter Einbeziehung des Koordinatenmessgerätes bzw. des Koordinatensystems des Messgerätes aneinander gereiht.According to the invention, several tomographic images are lined up, including the coordinate measuring device or the coordinate system of the measuring device.
Darüber hinaus ist es möglich, genauer zu messende Merkmale des Messobjektes in traditioneller Weise mit den Sensoriken des Multisensor-Koordinatenmessgerätes (taktil-optisch) zu messen. Röntgensensorik und Bildverarbeitungssensorik und taktile Sensorik messen wie bei Multisensor-Koordinatenmessgeräten üblich in einem gemeinsamen Koordinatensystem, sodass die Messergebnisse direkt zueinander in Bezug gesetzt werden können. Bei dem gegebenen Aufbau ist es nun möglich, die Kalibrierung der Messungen mit der Röntgensensorik nach dem Tomographie-Prinzip direkt an den Messobjekten selbst durchzuführen. Hierdurch werden ausgezeichnete Punkte des Messobjektes mit der taktilen oder optischen Sensorik des Koordinatenmessgerätes in bekannter Genauigkeit gemessen. Diese Punkte werden bei der Auswertung der Berechnung der 3D-Rekonstruktion des Computer-Tomographen berücksichtigt, um die geometrische Kalibrierung dieses Rekonstruktionsprozesses durchzuführen.In addition, it is possible to measure features of the measurement object that are to be measured more precisely in the traditional way with the sensors of the multi-sensor coordinate measuring machine (tactile-optical). X-ray sensors, image processing sensors and tactile sensors measure in a common coordinate system, as is usual with multi-sensor coordinate measuring machines, so that the measurement results can be directly related to one another. With the given structure, it is now possible to carry out the calibration of the measurements with the X-ray sensors according to the tomography principle directly on the measurement objects themselves. In this way, marked points of the measurement object are measured with the tactile or optical sensors of the coordinate measuring machine with known accuracy. These points are taken into account when evaluating the calculation of the 3D reconstruction of the computer tomograph in order to carry out the geometric calibration of this reconstruction process.
Bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind den Unteransprüche bzw. den nebengeordneten Verfahrensansprüchen zu entnehmen.Preferred developments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims and the independent method claims.
Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich auch aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels.Further details, advantages and features of the invention also result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment.
In der einzigen Figur ist prinzipiell ein Koordinatenmessgerät für den kombinierten Einsatz von Röntgensensorik und optischer und taktiler Sensorik dargestellt. Auf einer X-Achse 1 ist ein Drehtisch 2 angeordnet. Auf diesem befindet sich ein Messobjekt 3 und kann somit um die Drehachse 2 rotiert werden und in X-Richtung durch die Achse 1 verschoben Auf einem Y-Schieber 4 sind zwei Z-Achsen 5 und 6 angeordnet. Auf der Z-Achse 5 befindet sich ein Empfänger 7 für Röntgenstrahlung und eine Bildverarbeitungssensorik 8. Auf der Z-Achse 6 befindet sich zusätzlich eine taktile Sensorik 9. Gegenüber der Röntgensensorik 7 ist eine Röntgenquelle 10 angeordnet, die wahlweise in Y-Richtung bewegbar oder fest angebracht sein kann. Gegenüber der Bildverarbeitungssensorik 8 befindet sich eine Durchlichtquelle 11. Die Koordinatenachsen sind so ausgelegt, dass die auf dem Koordinatenmessgerät installierten Sensoriken jeweils den gesamten Messbereich auf dem Drehtisch 2 überdecken können.In the single figure, a coordinate measuring machine for the combined use of X-ray sensors and optical and tactile sensors is shown in principle. A rotary table 2 is arranged on an X-axis 1 . A
Claims (28)
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102004026357.4A DE102004026357B4 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2004-05-26 | Device and method for measuring an object |
US11/597,625 US8804905B2 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Coordinate measuring apparatus and method for measuring an object |
CN200580016921.6A CN101023322A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Coordinate measuring apparatus and method for measuring an object |
EP20100002412 EP2192380A3 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Method of measuring an object using a coordinate measuring machine and coordinate measuring machine |
EP05750966.3A EP1749190B1 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Method for measuring an object using a coordinate measuring machine including a computer tomograph |
PCT/EP2005/005598 WO2005119174A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Coordinate measuring apparatus and method for measuring an object |
EP20100184423 EP2282165A3 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Coordination measuring device and method for measuring an object |
JP2007513786A JP5408873B2 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2005-05-24 | Calibration method of X-ray sensing device in coordinate measuring device |
JP2012172753A JP2012233919A (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2012-08-03 | Coordinate measuring apparatus and method for measuring an object |
US14/323,522 US9625257B2 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2014-07-03 | Coordinate measuring apparatus and method for measuring an object |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102004026357.4A DE102004026357B4 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2004-05-26 | Device and method for measuring an object |
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DE102004026357A1 DE102004026357A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
DE102004026357B4 true DE102004026357B4 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
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DE102004026357.4A Expired - Lifetime DE102004026357B4 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2004-05-26 | Device and method for measuring an object |
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DE (1) | DE102004026357B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (25)
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DE102006022103B4 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2013-05-29 | Werth Messtechnik Gmbh | Method for measuring a solid |
DE102006022104B4 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2012-09-06 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Device for the three-dimensional measurement of a solid |
DE102007021809A1 (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-23 | Werth Messtechnik Gmbh | Method and device for dimensional measurement with coordinate measuring machines |
DE102008034117A1 (en) * | 2008-07-21 | 2010-02-04 | Carl Zeiss Industrielle Messtechnik Gmbh | Method and device for producing a master mold |
EP2399237B1 (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2013-08-14 | Werth Messtechnik GmbH | Method for measuring an object |
EP2290420B1 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2016-07-27 | European Space Agency | Method for assembling a mirror plate stack |
CN102901473B (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2016-05-11 | 赛恩倍吉科技顾问(深圳)有限公司 | Measure coordinates correction system and method |
FR2981450B1 (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2014-06-06 | Eads Europ Aeronautic Defence | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE QUALITY OF AN OBJECT |
DE102013109843A1 (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-13 | Werth Messtechnik Gmbh | Method and device for correcting computed tomography measurements with a coordinate measuring machine |
DE102013104490A1 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-07-31 | Werth Messtechnik Gmbh | Method and device for determining the geometry of structures by means of computer tomography |
JP6266937B2 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2018-01-24 | 株式会社トプコン | Rotating laser emitting device and laser surveying system |
JP6516865B2 (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2019-05-22 | カール・ツアイス・インダストリーエレ・メステクニク・ゲーエムベーハー | Method and apparatus for determining dimensional characteristics of an object to be measured |
DE102015205567A1 (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2016-09-29 | Carl Zeiss Industrielle Messtechnik Gmbh | Calibration of a rotating device attached to a moving part of a CMM |
WO2016169589A1 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-10-27 | Carl Zeiss Industrielle Messtechnik Gmbh | Method and device for determining actual dimensional properties of a measured object |
EP3104118B1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2019-02-27 | Hexagon Technology Center GmbH | Method to control a drive mechanism of an automated machine having a camera |
CN107192723B (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2019-12-06 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Device and method for determining object to be inspected using X-ray |
DE102016118620A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Carl Zeiss Industrielle Messtechnik Gmbh | Measuring system and measuring method |
CN109300382B (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2020-09-22 | 大连大学 | Total powerstation coordinate measurement teaching model down tube angle regulation structure has |
EP3783304A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2021-02-24 | Hexagon Technology Center GmbH | Calibration of a triangulation sensor |
CN108030501B (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2019-12-13 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | geometric calibration device and method for static cone-beam CT imaging system |
CN113418543B (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2023-06-20 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Automatic driving sensor detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
DE102019103429A1 (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2020-08-13 | Volume Graphics Gmbh | Computer-implemented method for determining surfaces in measurement data |
EP3901563B1 (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2022-12-14 | Carl Zeiss Industrielle Messtechnik GmbH | Method and device for determining a measuring strategy for measuring a measurement object and program |
CN114440957A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江舜宇智能光学技术有限公司 | Sensor fusion calibration equipment and method thereof |
CN113379328A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-10 | 小蒜科技(深圳)有限公司 | Cross-border e-commerce warehousing management method |
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CN101023322A (en) | 2007-08-22 |
DE102004026357A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
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