DD139757A5 - DEVICE FOR TRANSPORTING HEAT ENERGY - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat transporting device comprises a sealed tube (1) containing a working medium. In use of the device, this medium evaporates at a place of a higher temperature, here called the heating zone, and condenses at a place of a lower temperature, here called the cooling zone. The resulting condensate returns to the heating zone. The tube is so shaped, e.g. with a spiral or meander configuration, that, in respect of successive portions of its length, the tube comprises a plurality of portions (3) that extend through the heating zone and a plurality of portions (4) that extend through the cooling zone. The present device has the advantage that it can be remarkably simple to produce. The device may be used for cooling electronic components (7), e.g. thyristors, or for cooling the coolant of an engine. <IMAGE>

Description

Berlin, December 15, 1978 AP P 2SD / 208 664

Preparing for transport of heat energy

.Anwendungsg ebiet the invention

The invention relates to a device for transporting heat energy between two locations of different temperature, which consists of a sealed tube, which is filled with a suitable working medium which evaporates at the location of higher temperature (heating zone) and condensed at the location of lower temperature (cooling zone) and in which the condensate is constantly transported back to the hot zone.

Cha rakter istics of the known technical solutions

Such vacuum-tight sealed systems, in the interior of which a heat transfer medium is present partly in liquid and partly as saturated steam, find more and more technical and industrial application, in particular in the field of heating and cooling technology. If heat is supplied to an area of this system, then the heat carrier evaporates there and flows to the colder or cooled area where it condenses and thereby releases its heat of vaporization. _O If the cooling zone is above the heating zone, then condensate will flow back into the heating zone due to gravity. Thermal components, which use gravity to return the condensate, are referred to as thermal siphons, while those in which the return of the condensate is due to

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capillary forces, are referred to as heat pipes · -

The circulation of the heat carrier is caused by the often very small temperature difference between the heating and the cooling zone. In the heating zone there is a higher vapor pressure than in the cooling zone and this pressure gradient drives the vapor to the cooled end. "An essential advantage of these thermal components is that their effective thermal conductivity is orders of magnitude higher than that of the best metallic conductors transported against gravity. They are easy to handle, easy to install and maintenance-free «

A disadvantage, v / eil complicated and expensive, but is that these thermal components must first be evacuated and then filled with a predetermined amount of a working fluid. Then the system must be closed pressure-tight.

Aim of the invention;

The aim of the invention is the reduction of manufacturing costs, as well as the increase in the performance of these thermal components.

Presentation of the Ess of the invention

The present invention has for its object, a device for transporting heat energy between two locations of different temperature, which consists of a sealed tube j which is filled with a suitable working fluid j which evaporates at the place of higher tempera (heating zone) and at the location of lower temperature (Cooling zone) condenses and in which the condensate is constantly fed to the heating zone.

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is transported back to specify which is much easier to produce at a given power ·

This object is achieved in that the tube is formed over its length so that it passes through the heating and cooling zones several times »Due to the claimed shape of an evacuated and filled tube of great length several interconnected Wärmesiphons or« heat pipes have emerged, It has proved to be completely surprising that dehydration of one of the adjacent heat pipe or Wärmesiphons does not occur, since in this case, the condensation zone of the adjacent liquid-carrying system in the threatened by dehydration area increases so that it filled with liquid * It will reach a stable state.

In this case, the tube is wound in a meandering or meandering manner. With this arrangement, a large amount of thermal energy is transferred to the smallest possible space. This effect is further enhanced if one arranges several meandering pipe sections one above the other. According to a further idea of the invention, the pipe is designed as a seamlessly drawn and soft-annealed copper pipe of thin thickness ". Another advantageous solution consists in the formation of the pipe as a longitudinally welded and corrugated metal pipe." Both the soft-annealed thin-walled copper pipe and the longitudinal seam and corrugated metal tube are flexible ¹ so that it in any desired shape can almost be wound ,, so that di © turns may vary in length too, "copper ensures aufgruad its good thermal conductivity for a good heat transfer both ± n of the heating as well as in the cooling zone. The training as corrugated pipe still contains the

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part, that the surface in the region of the heating or • cooling zone is increased »Advantageously, between the heating and cooling zones transport zones, wherein the transport zones forming the pipeline areas in the. Run substantially stretched and close to lie Lie gene while the heating and cooling zones forming Rohrleituagsbereiche are diversified. A particularly good effect is achieved if the pipe zones forming the heating zone lie at a lower level than the pipe regions forming the cooling zone. In this case, no further measures to return the condensate need to be made, as this flows back to the heating zone due to gravity _o Nevertheless, it may be advantageous for some applications to arrange inside the tube the condensate to the heating zone transporting capillaries * This is also possible the condensate Furthermore, there is the advantage that through the capillaries the condensate is evenly distributed over the entire area of the HeiiSBone and thus the effectiveness of the system can be increased.

Around the device and for exchanging heat between the working fluid and solid components beispielsweise'elektronischen components _s such as thyristors and to use like is provided according to one v / Eiteren idea of the invention that in the region of the heating zone or ^ the cooling zone to in thermally conductive contact the individual turns of the tube standing bar-shaped element of good heat-conducting material, the individual turns together and to the element one or more heat energy or, laxative aggregates in good heat-conducting contact, .Anordnet are. Due to the arrangement of the bar-shaped element, which is advantageously made of copper for reasons of better thermal conductivity, the V '/ poor

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208,664

Significantly improve the exchange between plague bodies and air. Thus, for example, the energy released by the aggregates is uniformly distributed over the bar-shaped element to the individual turns, so that the dissipated heat output can be increased by the device according to the teachings of the invention. In particular, in a device in which a corrugated tube is wound helically, their performance is increased by the fact that the bar-shaped element for each turn has a recess whose surface in contact with the corrugated tube is adapted to the contour of the corrugated tube. Thus, it is possible, for example, to introduce recesses into the bar-shaped element by machining, or else the bar-shaped element with the recesses is produced by G * Eßen * In addition, the windings can be connected to the bar-shaped element by a good heat conducting solder layer. Here, a solder based on copper-silver has more suitably been found to be most suitable.

According to another idea of the invention, with a vertical arrangement of the balcony-shaped element, each turn is inclined to the horizontal and almost parallel to the turns adjacent to it. The slight inclination of the individual turns causes the condensate to flow back to the heating zone due to gravity. The heating zone is the bar-shaped element, if the flowing medium Y / poor. s ± $ is represented by the windings when heat is removed from the medium. Thereafter, a, how, the windings are inclined. Furthermore, it is made use of by a vertical arrangement of the bar-shaped element, that upon heating of a gas, the convection is increased by upward flowing heated gas (air). To achieve a good air circulation of the one-turn windings

-6-

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chen, they can be arranged at a distance to each other.

A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is that the turns of the tube in the heating and / or Kühizone are surrounded by a liquid-tight container, which is traversed by a medium to be cooled or to be heated ».

As a result, a device for transporting heat energy bzwo a heat exchanger of low weight and high performance was found.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the container is enclosed in a cooling circuit and the turns of the tube are passed through openings in its wall and 'soldered' into the wall.

In this way, a prefabricated heat exchange unit can be created, which only has to be switched into a circuit to be cooled. With particular advantage, the device according to the teachings of the invention can be used as a radiator for motor vehicles. The advantage in particular shows a weight saving of up to 5 g · Furthermore, the security is increased, since even with destruction of the heat pipe, the cooling circuit itself can remain tight, which still some cooling capacity is possible. The cooler according to the teachings of the invention is particularly suitable in maintenance-free.also tightly closed cooling circuit. Furthermore, use of the device according to the invention in any type of cooling systems is possible, working with a liquid cooling medium. In addition to the motor vehicles mentioned, this also applies to rail-bound vehicles as well as to stationary cooling systems, for example for engines or dryers.

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Cooling towers at power plants. Another preferred application is heat recovery from the ground or from the air. In this case, unlike the cooling systems, the medium to be heated, for example, the working fluid of a heat pump system, passed by the container on the turns of the tube and located outside in the ground, in groundwater or outdoors windings give off their heat to the flowing medium, With particular advantage, the tube used is a so-called elliptical tube which, owing to its increased surface area per unit length, is particularly suitable for heat exchange. In some applications, the flexibility achieved by the corrugation can have a positive effect.

Implementation is as follows: '.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4.

The drawings show

in Fig. 1: a helical tube

in Fig. 2: a meandering tube

in Fig. 3: a corrugated helical pipe

in Fig. 4: a meandering tube with a tubular container.

In the figures, devices for transporting heat energy are shown, which consist of a tube 1 which is wound in the form of a helix (FIG. 1) or meandering (FIG. 2). The tube 1 is advantageously made of a

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Copper tape, for example, 0.3 mm wall thickness made, which was formed in a continuous process to a slotted tube, longitudinally welded and then corrugated. But it is also possible to use a seamless drawn copper tube for the tube 1, which was annealed after the last train and thus is well bendable.

From the finished tube length a certain length is separated from ~ and sealed pressure-tight at both ends by means of the caps * One of the caps 2 has a not shown th pipe socket to which a vacuum pump can be connected, which evacuates the tube. After evacuation, the working medium is introduced and the pipe socket is pressure-tightly sealed. The winding of the pipe 1 can be carried out either before or after the evacuation and filling of the pipe.

In the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the heating zone 3 is in the lower region while the cooling zone 4 is located in the upper region, so that the condensate is transported back to the heating zone 3 due to gravity.

When filling the wound tube 1 now no special precautions need to be taken to the effect that each individual turn is at least partially filled with the working fluid, since the working fluid evenly distributed after commissioning on the individual turns. In the illustrated embodiments, all areas below form the heating zone 3, while all areas above form the cooling zone 4. Thus, it is with the help of the invention succeeded from a to a heat siphon or heat

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pipe prepared pipe 1 a variety of nebeneinanderliegenaen heat siphons or Färmeronren herausteilen, which means a considerable cost savings or, the efficiency of a heat pipe or siphons * siphons increased by a multiple. It has surprisingly been found that a drying of a pipe turn can not occur, since in this case the condensation zone of the adjacent turns increases up to the area threatened by drying turn, so that the condensate flows into this turn again «

Of course, the invention is not limited to the heat siphons shown in the embodiments, but is equally applicable to heat transport systems that operate on the principle of the heat pipe, d _e h. in which the return transport of the condensate is caused by capillary forces «For this application, however, it is necessary to introduce into the tube interior, a capillary system, for example in the form of a plastic net.

In Fig. 3, a heat transfer device is shown, which consists of a corrugated tube made of copper, which is wound in the form of a helix. The copper corrugated tube 1, as described previously, initially evacuated and filled in a precisely dimensioned manner with a working fluid and then sealed vacuum-tight. Parallel to the axis of the coil, a beam-shaped element 5 is soldered from the outside of copper, which has recesses 6 for each turn «So that the condensate can be transported back to Heizsone 3 due to gravity, the individual turns of the tube 1 at an angle ch to the longitudinal axis of the bar-shaped element 5, which is smaller than SO ⁰ . On the bar-shaped element 5 can

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in good heat-conducting. Contact now Aggregate 7, for example, electronic components such as thyristors attached. In reverse operation, the turns at an angle Jb of slightly more than 90 ° to the vertical.

The heat energy released by the units 7 is transferred to the beam-shaped element 5, which in turn, due to its good thermal conductivity, transmits it to the individual windings of the pipe 1. The liquid working medium located in the area of the heating zone 3 is supplied by the Y / ar ine energy evaporates and flows due to the pressure difference in the region of the cooling zone 4, v / o it condenses and flows back due to the inclined arrangement of the individual Y / indungen to the heating zone 3. The cooling in the region of the cooling zone 4 can still be increased by a forced convection, for example by a fan, not shown.

It could also be conceivable to heat-conductively connect the bar-shaped elements 5 of two similar devices according to the teaching of the invention and to use this device for heat exchange between two flowing media. It goes without saying that in the second device then the cooling zones 4 or * Heizzonen 3 must be reversed «

Another application example of the device-corresponding to Pig, 3 could be that one attaches several devices by means of their bar-shaped element 5 on a tube wall, in which a Me to be cooled Mi dii'i.f.

In Figo 4, the tube 1 to a meander-like structure ^ as shown, shaped. The turns of the so prepared

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Tube 1, are partially inserted into an example tubular container 9 through openings 10 and soldered to the wall of the container 9 tightly. Through the connection openings 11 and 12 of the container 9 can now, for example, a medium to be cooled, such as water, in an automobile engine, to be added or removed. In the region of the cooling zone 4, the heat energy obtained by the evaporation or condensation process from the medium to be cooled is removed by the airstream or by means of an additional fan, not shown, by releasing the heat to the air flowing past it.

The same procedure is used for stationary systems in which either the fans or a cooling tower provide the necessary air turnover. Depending on the design, the turns can also be arranged approximately horizontally and then also on both sides of the container 9. ,

In an operating mode in which the circulating medium is to be heated, such as when removing heat from the groundwater, the container 9 will be located above the tube 1.

By appropriate design of the tube surface inside and outside the container, the different heat exchange on the gas or liquid side can be optimally taken into account, depending on the intended operating state.

Claims (3)

6 6  «12«. Berlin, d.15 «12.1973 AP F 28D / 208 '664 He claims LiGh 1 »Device for transporting heat energy between two locations of different temperature, which consists of a tightly closed tube which is filled with a suitable working medium which evaporates at the location of higher temperature (heating zone) and condensed at the location of lower temperature (cooling zone) and in the the condensate is constantly transported back to the heating zone, characterized in that the tube (1) over its length is shaped so that it passes through several times heating (3) and Kuhlzonen (4). 2 "device according to point 1, characterized in that the tube (1) is wound helically or meandering * 3 · Device according to point 2, characterized in that the tube (1) is formed meander-shaped and at least two meanders are arranged one above the other ,,. ' Device according to item 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the tube (1) is designed as a seamless drawn and soft-annealed copper tube thinner Wanddioke « 5 device according to item 1 or one of the following _s, characterized in that the tube (1) is formed as a longitudinally welded and corrugated metal tube. - 13 - Berlin, 'd, 15.12.1978 AP F 28D / 208 664 6. Device according to item 1 or one of the following, ge ~ 'characterized in that the heating zone (3) forming tube areas are at a lower level than the cooling zone (4) forming tube areas _β 7β Device according to item 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the condensate to the heating zone (3) transporting capillaries are arranged inside the tube, Device according to item 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the turns formed by the deformation are of different lengths. Device according to item 1 or one of the following, characterized in that between the heating zones (3) and the cooling zones (4) are transport zones, that the pipeline zones forming the transport zones are substantially stretched and close to each other, · while'die Heia - And cooling zones (3; 4) forming piping areas are diversified. 10, device according to item 1 or one of the following, characterized in that in the region of the heating zone (3) or the cooling zone (4) in a thermally conductive contact with the. individual turns of the tube (1) standing, beam-shaped element (5) of good heat-conducting material, the individual turns together and connects to the; Element (5) one or more additional heat energy or laxative aggregates (7) are arranged in good heat-conducting contact 11, device according to item 10, in which a corrugated tube is wound helically, characterized in that the - 14 - Berlin, d, 15.12.1978 AP P 28D / 208 664 bar-shaped element (5) for each turn has a recess (6) whose surface in contact with the tube (1) is adapted to the contour of the corrugated tube (1) ₀ 12. The device according to item 10 or 11, characterized in that the bar-shaped element (5) is made of copper. Device according to item 10 or one of the following, characterized in that the windings are connected to the beam-shaped element (5) by a solder layer which conducts the heat well. H, device according to item 10 or one of the following, characterized in that, when the bar-shaped element (5) is arranged vertically, each turn runs inclined to the horizontal and almost parallel to the turns adjacent to it. 15 * Device according to item 10 or one of the following, characterized in that the windings are arranged at a distance from each other. 16 «'Device according to item 10 or one of the following, characterized in that the tube (1) is made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel» Device according to item 1 or one of the following, characterized in that the turns of the tube (1) in the region of the heating and / or cooling zone (3; 4) are surrounded in a liquid-tight manner by a container (9) which is to be cooled or through the medium to be heated. 15 - Berlin, d.15.12.1978 AP P 2SD / 208 664 18ο Device according to item 17, characterized in that the container (9) is enclosed in a cooling circuit and the turns of the tube (1) through openings
(10) guided in its wall and soldered into the wall. 19 * Use of a device according to item 17 or 18 in
Cooling systems with a coolant circulation ♦ 20, use of a device according to item 17 or 18 as a radiator for motor vehicles « 21. Use of a device according to item 17 or 18 for heat extraction from the ground or the air * For this Ji ..... pages drawings