CZ307997B6 - Equipment for the comprehensive supply of buildings from mobile sources - Google Patents

Abstract

The mobile power supply system consists of a motor circuit (M) with an internal combustion engine (E) to which two cooling circuits are connected via a three-output gearbox (P) - two cooling circuits (F1) and an air conditioning circuit with a heat pump (F2) and an electric current generator (G), where a primary cooling circuit (1) is associated with the internal combustion engine (E). The primary engine cooling circuit (1) is connected via a plate heat exchanger (D1) to the secondary engine cooling circuit (2), which is connected via a plate heat exchanger (D2) to the hot water outlet (3) and the cooled heating water inlet (4) . The secondary cooling circuit (2) passes through the flue gas exchanger (D3) through which the exhaust pipe (5) of the internal combustion engine (E) also passes. The combustion engine (E) is connected via a shaft (H) to a three-output gearbox (P) with at least three interconnecting shafts (17, 29 and 31), and the interconnecting shaft (17) is connected to a compressor (K1) via a clutch (18) of the freezing circuit (F1) and the connecting shaft (29) is connected to the electric current generator (G) via the clutch (30) and the connecting shaft (31) is connected to the compressor (K2) of the air conditioning circuit via the clutch (32) of the heat pump (F2).

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a device for the complex supply of buildings from a mobile source by means of an internal combustion engine with its own two-stage cooling circuit, which drives an electric generator and a freezing circuit and an air-conditioning circuit with a heat pump.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The following methods and devices for supplying power from replacement and mobile sources are provided in the art:

Connection of internal combustion engine with generator (cogeneration) - these devices work as cogeneration units producing electricity, they are used both for permanent operation and as backup sources. These units use flue gas and engine heat, which can reach a thermal gradient of 90 ° C / 70 ° C. This arrangement simultaneously generates electrical energy and heat. Internal combustion engines use various fuels such as biogas stations, liquid fuel, natural gas, etc.

Combustion engine and cooling compressor connection. Currently, this arrangement is produced in combination with an internal combustion engine and a reciprocating compressor or screw compressor. Depending on the type of arrangement, the internal combustion engine and the nominal speed at which these units operate are selected. These units use flue gas and engine heat, which can reach a thermal gradient of 90 ° C / 70 ° C, plus condensation heat from cooling with a thermal gradient of 45 ° C / 50 ° C. This thermal gradient varies according to the type of refrigerant used and other technical parameters. These units can be used in refrigeration technology for refrigerators, freezers and air conditioning. These units can simultaneously produce heat with two thermal gradients, and cool the required spaces. It is also possible to use these units in heat pump modes. Internal combustion engines use various fuels such as biogas stations, liquid fuel, natural gas, etc.

Internal combustion engine generator and absorption cooling (trigeneration) - these devices work as cogeneration units producing electricity, they are produced for both continuous operation and as backup sources. Furthermore, these units use flue gas and engine heat, which can reach a thermal gradient of 90 ° C / 70 ° C. In these configurations, this heat is used for both heating and absorption cooling operation. These units therefore produce heat, cold and electrical energy. Internal combustion engines use various fuels such as biogas stations, liquid fuel, natural gas, etc.

The above combinations of equipment allow variants, electricity + heat for heating or cooling. In the case of absorption cooling, this cooling cannot be used for evaporation temperatures below 0 ° C. In the case of an arrangement an internal combustion engine and a compressor there is no possibility of generating electricity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Equipment for comprehensive energy supply of buildings from mobile sources - compact multifunctional mobile energy system for cooling, air-conditioning and heating of indoor storage and other industrial premises, which eliminates the disadvantages of existing solutions, allows its circuits (motor, freezing and air conditioning with heat pump) to supply heat for heating buildings, refrigeration for refrigerators and freezers, heat or refrigeration for air-conditioning, as well as electricity for driving external units or for lighting. This compact

The multifunctional system may be in the form of a stationary container assembly or may be located on the chassis of a lorry or a railway carriage. This compact multifunctional system and its individual circuits and the components it contains (eg valves, pumps, etc.) are computer controlled, allowing optimum operation of the entire system. The compact multifunctional mobile power system consists of three circuits, a three-conductor clutch and an electric generator. These are the following circuits: Motor circuit, freezer circuit with heating circuit and air conditioning circuit with heat pump. The engine circuit consists of an internal combustion engine powered by, for example, a gas, to which is assigned a primary engine cooling circuit, which is connected, via a plate heat exchanger, to a secondary cooling circuit. The secondary cooling circuit is connected via an additional plate heat exchanger to the outlet of the heat transfer medium, which is water, as well as to the inlet to and from the heater (not shown). The coolant in the primary cooling circuit of the engine as well as in the secondary cooling circuit is a mixture of water and glycol. The secondary cooling circuit also passes through an exhaust gas exchanger that is part of the exhaust manifold of the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine is connected by a shaft to a three-output gearbox, where each gearbox output can have a different speed. The outlets from the gearbox are connected via compressible couplings to the compressors of the cooling and heating circuits and to the electric generator. One outlet is connected to the compressor of the first freezing circuit via a clutch, the other outlet is connected, via the clutch, to an electric current generator, and the third outlet is connected to the compressor of the air conditioning circuit with the heat pump via the clutch. The cut-out clutch is designed to smoothly connect the compressor to the gearbox and has a special modification for increased service life.

An outlet pipe is connected to the freezer circuit compressor for the conduction of pressurized refrigerant consisting of water and oil, which is connected to an air condenser via an oil separator and a plate heat exchanger, and through a collector and residual moisture separator (filter dehydrator) Evaporated refrigerant connected to the suction of the compressor. A heater is connected to a plate heat exchanger which is part of a low temperature circuit with a hot heating branch and a return cold branch. The return cold branch is equipped with a pump and a three-way computer controlled servo valve, which is connected to a hot heating branch via a pipe.

From the oil separator, a compressor coolant pipe is routed in which the oil extracted from the oil separator flows. The compressor cooling pipe is further passed through an embedded cooling plate heat exchanger which is connected, through the inlet and outlet of the heat transfer medium, to a heating circuit (not shown). The compressor oil cooling line is connected to the compressor after exiting the plate heat exchanger.

A compressed refrigerant outlet piping is connected to the heat pump air conditioning circuit compressor, which is connected via an oil separator and a four-way computer-controlled servo valve and via an internal heat pump heat exchanger to the external heat pump heat exchanger from which the return pipe for vaporized refrigerant is connected compressor suction.

The compressor cooling pipe is also drawn from the oil separator in the air-conditioning circuit with heat pump. The compressor cooling piping passes through an embedded plate heat exchanger, which is connected, through the inlet and outlet of the heat transfer medium, to a heating circuit (not shown).

The compact multifunctional mobile power system can be advantageously used in the following fields of technology:

- in the area of priority heating, with the possibility of using two thermal gradients 50 ° C / 40 ° C and 90 ° C / 70 ° C and the possibility of using cooling. The installed generator allows the production of electricity for the operation of the machine in island mode, or in the event of a power failure, the device can serve as a backup power source,

-2GB 307997 B6

- in the area of preferential cooling, with the possibility of using two thermal gradients suitable for air-conditioning, cooling or freezing and the possibility of utilizing flue gas and condensation heat with thermal gradients of 50 ° C / 40 ° C and 90 ° C / 70 ° C. The installed generator allows the production of electricity for the operation of the machine in island mode, or in the event of a power failure, the device can serve as a backup power source. When used in storage facilities, it is possible to use cooling and electricity simultaneously to maintain the operation of the refrigeration equipment only from gas or liquefied gas and to avoid losses in the stored goods. The compact multifunctional mobile energy system is equipped with its own control system - a computer, which is linked to the building or site management system and optimizes the use of individual energies with respect to consumption, storage and energy self-sufficiency. Efficient connection to the heat pump allows the building to be categorized as almost zero energy buildings.

Clarification of drawings

Further advantages and effects of the arrangement of the compact multifunctional mobile energy system can be seen from the attached drawings, where Fig. 1 is a diagram of the whole compact multifunctional mobile energy system, Fig. 2 - freezing circuit diagram, Fig. 3 diagram of air conditioning circuit with heat pump.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The mobile multifunctional energy supply system - the compact multifunctional mobile energy system in Fig. 1 consists of a motor circuit M with an internal combustion engine E to which two cooling circuits are connected via a three-gear transmission P - a freezing circuit F1 and an air-conditioning circuit The primary cooling circuit 1 comprises a computer-controlled first three-way servo valve 8 interconnecting the two branches of the primary cooling circuit 1 as well as the expansion vessel 10 and the pump 7. The primary cooling circuit passes through a plate heat exchanger D1 coupled to a secondary cooling circuit 2 comprising an expansion vessel 100, with a safety valve 111, pumps 9 and 91 and a computer-controlled second three-way servo valve 80 coupled to the auxiliary cooling circuit 200, its includes a radiator with a fan VI. The secondary cooling circuit 2 comprises a computer-controlled third three-way servo valve 81 connecting the two branches of the secondary cooling circuit 2. The secondary cooling circuit 2 comprises an exchanger D2 with a hot water outlet 3 and a cooled heating water inlet 4, the secondary cooling circuit 2 being connected to the exhaust gas exchanger D3 located on the exhaust pipe 5 of the internal combustion engine E. An exhaust muffler 6 is provided on the exhaust pipe 5.

The internal combustion engine E is connected via a shaft H to a three-gear transmission P provided with three output shafts 17, 29 and 31 at the output, wherein the intermediate shaft 17 is connected via a clutch 18 to the compressor K1 of the freezing circuit F1 and the intermediate shaft 29 is via a clutch 30 is connected to the electric current generator G and the connecting shaft 31 is connected via the clutch 32 to the compressor K2 of the air-conditioning circuit with the heat pump F2. The air supply 12 to the internal combustion engine E, fitted with the air filter 14, flows into the fuel mixer 15, to which the fuel supply 16 is also connected. The oil sump 13 is connected to the lubrication of the internal combustion engine E.

The refrigerant circuit compressor K1 (see FIG. 2) is connected to a compressed refrigerant outlet pipe 23, which is connected via an oil separator 20 and a plate heat exchanger D5 to an air condenser V2 and a liquid refrigerant reservoir 24 and a residual moisture separator 25. with an outlet 28, which is connected to the suction of the compressor K1 via the vaporized coolant supply. From the oil separator 20, the refrigerant piping of the compressor 19 sec

A heat exchanger D4 plate heat exchanger having an outlet for heated heating water 21 and a chilled water inlet 22 is connected to the plate heat exchanger D4. A low temperature heating circuit C is connected to the plate heat exchanger C with a hot heating branch 39 and a cold return branch 40 connected to and the return cold branch 40 is provided with a pump 92 and a computer-controlled fourth three-way servo valve 82, which is connected via a pipe 42 to the warm heating branch 39.

Compressor K2, the air conditioning circuit with heat pump F2 (see Fig. 3), is connected to a compressed refrigerant outlet pipe 33, which is connected via an oil separator 51 and a four-way computer-controlled servo valve 43 to the internal heat exchanger V4 and return flaps 44 and via computer-controlled servo-valves - three-way computer-controlled servo-valve 46 and two-way computer-controlled servo-valve 45 with external heat pump exchanger V3 from which piping 37 connects to four-way computer-controlled servo valve 43 for the vaporized refrigerant 38 connected to the suction of the compressor K2. The three-way computer-controlled servo valve 46 is connected via a pressure equalization line 52 to a return line for vaporized refrigerant 38. The internal heat exchanger V4 is connected via a line 53, 54 to a not shown hot water heating circuit comprising an inlet line 53 and an outlet line 54 s. From the oil separator 51, the cooling duct 34 of the compressor K2, with the cooling plate heat exchanger D7 inserted, is connected to the compressor K2. The plate heat exchanger D7 comprises a supply of cold heating water 35 and a heated heating water outlet 36. Heat obtained from the heated heating water, from outlet 36, can be used to heat the building.

The function of the device according to the technical solution is as follows:

The internal combustion engine E generates the heat to be removed from the engine by cooling, which is effected by cooling water (a mixture of water and glycol) which flows through the operation of the pump 7 in the primary cooling circuit of the engine 1 through a plate heat exchanger D1. The heat is received by the cooling water from the secondary cooling circuit 2. The computer-controlled first three-way servo valve 8, which is part of the primary cooling circuit of the engine 1, enables it to be disconnected from the secondary cooling circuit 2. Any lack of cooling water in the primary cooling circuit 1 is compensated by its The amount of heat contained in the cooling water of the secondary cooling circuit 2 is increased by passing the cooling water through the flue gas exchanger D3. The heated cooling water transfers the heat contained therein, via the plate heat exchanger D2, to the hot water heating outlet 3, which is led to a radiator (not shown), from which the cooled heating water returns via the inlet 4 to the plate heat exchanger D2. The cooling water from the secondary cooling circuit 2 is, via a computer-controlled second three-way servo valve 80, through pumps 9 and 91 to a plate heat exchanger D1 in which it cools the cooling water in the primary cooling circuit 1 and thereby the internal combustion engine. If the cooling water of the secondary cooling circuit 2 is too high, the cooling water, via the switching of the computer-controlled second three-way servo valve 80, is routed through the auxiliary cooling circuit 200 to reduce the cooling water temperature by passing through the heat sink with fan VI. A possible lack of cooling water in the secondary cooling circuit 2 is compensated by its supply from the second expansion vessel 100, the maximum pressure in the secondary cooling circuit 2 being limited by the setting of the second safety valve 111.

The internal combustion engine E, the motor circuit M, transmits the speed and torque via the shaft H to the three-output P transmission. Three outlets are provided from the transmission P - the connecting shafts (17, 29 and 31). to which it is connected. The coupler shaft 17 is connected via a clutch 18 to the compressor K1 of the freezing circuit F1.

The compressor K1 compresses the refrigerant and discharges it into the outlet duct 23 via a plate heat exchanger D5 into the air condenser V2, which serves for condensing the refrigerant when it is not

The condensation heat can be utilized and the cooling mode must be ensured. After the coolant has passed through the air condenser V2, the coolant in the outlet conduit 23 passes through the liquid coolant reservoir 24 and, via a residual moisture separator 25, enters the evaporator 28, from which it returns to the suction of the compressor K1. The heat that the refrigerant in the plate heat exchanger D5 delivers to the low temperature circuit C is, via the heat transfer fluid, which is passed through the heating element 39 of the low temperature circuit C to the heater 41 and then through the return cold element 40 to exchanger D5.

The interconnecting shaft 31 is connected via a clutch 32 to the compressor K2 of the air conditioning circuit with the heat pump F2. From the compressor K2 of the air conditioning circuit F2, the compressed hot refrigerant vapors passing through the outlet line 33 are forced through a four-way computer-controlled servo valve 43 into the internal exchanger V4 where they condense. The liquid coolant flows through the check valves 44 and the injector 45 into the external exchanger V3 where it evaporates and removes heat from the ambient air. Further, the refrigerant flows through the return line 38 through the four-way valve 43 to the compressor suction, according to the direction of the arrows in the diagram. The bivalent source 50, at the outlet conduit 54, is powered from the generator G and serves to cover the heat demand in defrost mode. By activating the bivalent source 50, the flow behind the four-way computer controlled servo valve 43 is changed, and heat is removed from the heating system via the injector 46 and the internal exchanger V4. Condensation occurs in the external exchanger V3, which allows the external exchanger V3 to melt. The flow directions of the refrigerant in the conduits 38 and 33 remain unchanged. The condensation heat transferred in the internal heat exchanger V4 to the heating water is discharged to a heating system (not shown) via line 54 and via line 53 and returned to the internal heat exchanger V4 after passing through a heating system (not shown).

Industrial applicability

Computer-controlled, fully computer-controlled mobile power supply facility for cooling, air-conditioning and heating of indoor storage and other industrial areas

PATENT CLAIMS

Claims (7)

Device for a complex supply of buildings from a mobile source, characterized in that it consists of an engine circuit (M) with an internal combustion engine (E) to which two cooling circuits are connected via a three-gear transmission (P) - a freezing circuit (Fl) and a heat pump air conditioning circuit (F2) and a power generator (G), the internal combustion engine (E) being associated with a primary engine cooling circuit (1) connected via a plate heat exchanger (D1) to a secondary engine cooling circuit (2) which is connected via a plate heat exchanger (D2) to the hot water outlet (3) and to the cooled heating water inlet (4), the secondary cooling circuit (2) passing through the flue gas heat exchanger (D3) through which the combustion exhaust pipe (5) motor (E), the internal combustion engine (E) being connected via a shaft (H) to a three-gear transmission (P) provided with at least three connecting shafts at the output The interconnecting shaft (17) is connected to the compressor (K1) of the freezing circuit (F1) via the releasable clutch (18) and the interconnecting shaft (29) is connected to the electric generator via the releasable clutch (30). The current (G) and the connecting shaft (31) are connected to the compressor (K2) of the air-conditioning circuit with the heat pump (F2) via the clutch (32). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a compressed refrigerant outlet pipe (23) is connected to the compressor (K1) of the refrigerant circuit (F1), which is connected to the air supply via an oil separator (20) and through a plate heat exchanger (D5). condenser (V2) and through the tank Liquid refrigerant (24) and a residual moisture separator (25) with an outlet (28) connected to the compressor suction (K1) via a vaporized refrigerant supply (27). Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a compressor cooling line (19) with an inserted cooling plate heat exchanger (D4) is provided from the oil separator (20), which comprises an outlet for heated heating water (21) and an inlet cooled water (22). Apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a low-temperature heating circuit (C) is connected to the plate heat exchanger (D5) with a hot heating branch (39) and a return cold branch (40) which are connected to the heating element (D). 41) wherein the cold return line (40) is provided with a pump (91) and a computer-controlled fourth three-way servo valve (82), which is connected via a pipe (42) to the hot heating branch (39). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a compressed refrigerant outlet pipe (33) is connected to the compressor (K2) of the air conditioning circuit with the heat pump (F2) via an oil separator (51) and a four-way computer controlled servo valve (F2). 43) and via an internal exchanger (V4) and a two-way computer controlled servo valve (45) and a three-way computer controlled servo valve (46) connected to an external exchanger (V3) from which the return line (38) opens compressor (K2). Device according to Claims 1 and 5, characterized in that the compressor cooling pipe (34) with an inserted cooling plate heat exchanger (D7) is provided from the oil separator (51) and comprises a cooling water inlet (35) and a heated heating outlet. water (36). Device according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that a heat circuit (not shown) is connected to the condensation exchanger (V4) via an inlet pipe (53) and an outlet pipe (54), the outlet pipe (54) having a bivalent source (50). ), which is connected to a power generator (G).