CN2470359Y

CN2470359Y - Automatic coke knocker

Info

Publication number: CN2470359Y
Application number: CN 01216312
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张清源; 吴烈赉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-02-12
Filing date: 2001-02-12
Publication date: 2002-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 2011-02-12

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic coke knocker which belongs to a decoking device of a coking tower in the petrol chemical industry. The automatic coke knocker mainly comprises an upper part body, an upper valve base, a lower valve base, and a two-way hydraulic cylinder which is composed of an upper valve cover, a lower valve cover and a movable valve core. The utility model is provided with an automatic direction changing valve which controls the operation condition conversion of the automatic coke knocker, the valve is provided with a linear translation piece which is composed of a plunger-type hydraulic cylinder, a plunger-type rack and a resetting pressure spring, a wobble gear engaged with the rack and sheathed on the valve core is arranged in the valve, and the wobble gear is connected with the valve core through a unidirectional indexing mechanism of an overrunning clutch. A discharge orifice is arranged between a high pressure water inlet channel in the valve and an effusion and drainage channel.

Description

The automatic decoking device

The utility model belongs to petrochemical industry coking tower decoking equipment, mainly proposes a kind of automatic decoking device.

The automatic decoking device is applied to petrochemical enterprise refinery delayed coking drums, removes precipitation carbonizing matter in the tower.Decoking process in two steps, decoking device is connected the drilling rod bottom, from up to down send into char layer by cat head, decoking device rotates at a slow speed and feeding downwards, and the applying high voltage water jet at first bores a through hole with Jiao's layer through the uniform nozzle of decoking device front end, then decoking device is mentioned at a slow speed more than the burnt layer, switch high pressure water and enter circumferentially uniform nozzle of decoking device, send into the layering from top to bottom of burnt layer again and cut Jiao, precipitation carbonizing matter full scale clearance in tower.Decoking process comprises boring, cuts burnt two technical process, switches the key problem in technology that the high pressure water runner becomes decoking device accurately and reliably, and the decoking device structure has also experienced and improved developmental stage several times for this reason.Switching mode the earliest is: behind the burnt layer through hole decoking device is put on cat head, with plug the front end nozzle of holing is blocked, open circumferential nozzle and be converted to and cut burnt operating mode, the time-consuming efficient of this switching is low.Adopt the pressure reduction principle to hole afterwards and cut burnt change working, boring nozzle operation during promptly low hydraulic pressure, the automatic switchover water channel is circumferentially cut burnt nozzle operation during high hydraulic pressure.Because the low-pressure water drilling efficiency is very low, when the speed of manually giving was fast, the boring nozzle directly contacted with the burnt layer of fragmentation, and the plug nozzle runner causes that decoking device inner chamber hydraulic pressure raises, and causes to switch disorder, causes the stick of tool accident, and this switching mode disadvantage is many.The boring coke cutter is united in the at present widely used automatic switchover that is Luoyang petroleum chemical engineering company developed in 1996, adopt high pressure water pressure to return zero, spring reset, machinery transposition principle, switch the high pressure water passage, realize boring and the conversion of cutting burnt two kinds of operating modes, its commutation controlling mechanism is two position four-way valves, its commutation topworks is provided in a side of coke cutter high pressure water main stem inner chamber by spool, upper valve sleeve, the two-way hydraulic cylinder that lower valve sleeve is formed, the high pressure control current of two position four-way valves output drive and move on the spool when being adjacent to upper valve base, cut off circumferential nozzle water channel and enter the boring operating mode, drive spool and move down when being adjacent to, cut off lower end nozzle water channel and enter and cuts burnt operating mode with the lower valve base cone.Fig. 1 provides two position four-way valve structural representations, mainly comprise by plunger-type cylinder 1, the linearly moving member that plunger tooth bar 2 and reseting pressuring spring 3 are formed, with the empty wobble gear 5 that is enclosed within on the spool 4 of tooth bar engagement, wobble gear is connected with spool by click 6 unidirectional indexing mechanisms, high pressure water enters coke cutter inner chamber main channel, shunting simultaneously enters two position four-way valves, hydro-cylinder 1 actuation plunger tooth bar moves to right, 90 ° of wobble gear 5 clockwise transpositions, ratchet slips over a ratchet, and spool is motionless, when needing the conversion operating mode, high pressure water outer circulation, hydro-cylinder 1 pressure return zero, and reseting pressuring spring 3 actuation plunger tooth bars move to left, 90 ° of wobble gear 5 counterclockwise transpositions, spring piece 7 is pushed down ratchet and is promoted ratchet, and the high pressure control water channel of two position four-way valves output is switched in 90 ° of transpositions that spool is counterclockwise.This decoking device principle of work is correct, decoking efficient height, but in use also expose many weak points, subject matter is: the work of (1) decoking device is immersed in the burnt water mixed liquid time, and two position four-way valve movement parts are selected 38CrMoAL nitriding decide material, not sulfur corrosion resistant for use, under this bad working environment, the corrosion adhesion usually takes place in the movement parts seriously corroded, causes whole decoking device to scrap even in a short time.The unidirectional indexing mechanism of the spool of (2) two position four-way valves adopts the pawl ratchet spring piece to compress mechanism, under the allotrylic abominable working conditions of burnt water, spring piece changes of performance parameters, foreign matter are mingled with under the multifactor effects such as obstruction, action is malfunctioning or stuck easily, therefore must improve design at special operating conditions.(3) drainage channel of the commutation topworks two-way hydraulic cylinder of coke cutter is arranged outside valve body via two position four-way valve inner chambers, and coke cutter is worked in burnt water mixed liquid, because design is unreasonable, drainage channel is not the flowing full discharging or hydraulic pressure is lower than environment hydraulic pressure, burnt water mixed liquid takes place to be poured in down a chimney into two position four-way valves, the burnt grain of coke powder bring deposition into, transmission in the retardance valve also is one of major reason of decoking device operational failure.

The purpose of this utility model promptly is to propose a kind of automatic decoking device, to overcome the existing defective that goes up of existing decoking device.

The utility model automatic decoking device achieves the above object by following technological approaches:

The two-way hydraulic cylinder that it mainly includes upper body, upper valve base, lower valve base and is made up of upper valve sleeve, lower valve sleeve and moving valve core, the inner chamber of body is the high pressure water water channel, the external boring nozzle of bottom high-pressure water chamber, the stage casing circumferentially is provided with the burnt nozzle of cutting that is communicated with main channel, be provided with the automatic diverter valve of control decoking device change working, be provided with the linearly moving member that plunger-type cylinder, plunger tooth bar and reseting pressuring spring are formed in the automatic diverter valve, and setting and tooth bar engagement and the empty wobble gear that is enclosed within on the spool; It is characterized in that: wobble gear is connected by the unidirectional indexing mechanism of overrunning clutch with spool; Between valve inner high voltage water inlet channel and the earial drainage drainage channel discharge orifice is arranged.

The unidirectional indexing mechanism of overrunning clutch has the clutch coupling loam cake by the stage clip axial compression, and overrunning clutch is formed in the tooth engagement that surmounts that surmounts tooth and the setting of wobble gear end face of loam cake end face setting; Clutch coupling loam cake external cylindrical surface is provided with 4 involute urve double wedges that are mutually 90 °, and the stop pin is attached on the involute flank by the stage clip axial compression, and the endoporus of clutch coupling loam cake is connected with the spool key.

Has garden taper projection in the middle of the lower valve base.

The automatic decoking device structure design that the utility model proposes is comparatively reasonable, has decoking speed characteristics fast and the complete machine long service life and also can reduce labor strength.

Provide the embodiment of the utility model automatic decoking device below.

Fig. 1 unites two position four-way valve structural representations of the coke cutter of holing for existing the automatic switchover.

Fig. 2 is the utility model automatic decoking device agent structure synoptic diagram.

Fig. 3 is the automatic diverter valve structural representation of automatic decoking device.

Fig. 4 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is the front view of automatic diverter valve internal overrunning coupler loam cake part.

Fig. 7 is the side-view of Fig. 6.

Be described in further detail technical pattern of the present utility model and principle of work in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 2 shows the boring operating mode of automatic decoking device.Decoking device top is body 8, the external high pressure water system of body, inner chamber is the high pressure water main stem, the body side enters in the automatic diverter valve 11 via strainer 9, high-pressure rubber pipe 10, by-passing portions high pressure water, the decoking device stage casing sets gradually upper valve base 12 from top to bottom, the two-way hydraulic cylinder of forming by upper valve sleeve 13, lower valve sleeve 14 and moving valve core 15, and the lower valve base 16 of garden taper projection in the middle of having; Cut burnt siphunculus 17 and be positioned at the two-way hydraulic cylinder both sides, inlet communicates with the high pressure water main stem, and with circumferentially cut burnt nozzle 18 and link to each other, its break-make working order is controlled by the working position of moving valve core.The external boring nozzle 19 of decoking device bottom high-pressure water chamber.

Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 demonstrate the technology contents of automatic diverter valve internal structure.Main bag in the valve body: the linearly moving member of forming by plunger-type cylinder 20, plunger tooth bar 21 and reseting pressuring spring 22, with the tooth bar engagement also the running fit sky be enclosed within wobble gear 24 on the spool 23; The range of tooth bar just in time drives 90 ° of wobble gear transpositions, the steady translational motion of feather key 25 guiding plunger tooth bars, the unidirectional indexing mechanism of overrunning clutch that connects spool 23 and wobble gear 24, comprise by the clutch coupling loam cake 26 of stage clip 36 axial compression, what its end face surmounted tooth and wobble gear end face surmounts the tooth composition overrunning clutch that is meshing with each other, one-way clutch loam cake 26 connects with spool 23 key pins, its external cylindrical surface is four involute urve double wedges that are mutually 90 ° of distributions, stop pin 27 is attached on the involute flank by stage clip 28 axial compression, to the unidirectional stop of clutch coupling loam cake.The external cylindrical surface of spool 23 1 ends, symmetry has a pair of 120 ° of arc grooves, spool revolution position can be switched the high pressure

control water channel

29 and 30 that is communicated with two separate cavities of two-way hydraulic cylinder in the automatic decoking device main body for 90 °, and earial drainage is discharged valve body via automatic reverse valve insertion and drainageway 31.The utility model is set up a discharge orifice 32 between valve inner high voltage inlet channel and earial drainage drainage channel, thereby has improved water discharge pressure and flow, realizes the draining flowing full, prevents that burnt water mixed liquid from pouring in down a chimney valve pocket.

Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are overrunning clutch loam cake part master, side-view.One end is provided with and surmounts tooth 33, and its external cylindrical surface has four involute urve double wedges 34 that are mutually 90 ° of distributions, and its endoporus has the keyway 35 that connects with spool 23.

The principle of work of automatic decoking device is summarized as follows, high pressure water enters the decoking device main channel, the part High-Pressure Water enters in the automatic diverter valve, plunger-type cylinder 20 promotes the plunger tooth bar and moves to right, 90 ° of the clockwise corners of wobble gear, overrunning clutch slippage this moment, the stop of clutch coupling loam cake, spool 23 is motionless, and moving valve core 15 working positions of two-way hydraulic cylinder are constant, and decoking device is in boring or cuts burnt operating mode; The high pressure water outer circulation, the cutout of decoking device main channel, then automatic diverter valve hydro-cylinder 20 decompressions return zero, stage clip resets, promoting the plunger tooth bar moves to left, 90 ° of wobble gear is counterclockwise corners, closed 90 ° of the spool 23 synchronous corners that drive of overrunning clutch this moment switch the control high pressure water channel that connects two separate cavities of two-way hydraulic cylinder; A high setting-out re-enters the decoking device main channel, the control water channel that this moment, a part of high pressure water switched via automatic diverter valve drives the moving valve core 15 change working positions of two-way hydraulic cylinder, and the up and upper valve base of spool 15 is adjacent to and then cuts off circumferential nozzle water channel and enter the boring operating mode.The descending applying with the lower valve base cone of spool 15 then cut off lower end nozzle water channel and entered and cut burnt operating mode.

Claims

1, a kind of automatic decoking device, mainly include upper body (8), upper valve base (12), lower valve base (16) and by upper valve sleeve (13), the two-way hydraulic cylinder that lower valve sleeve (14) and moving valve core (15) are formed, the inner chamber of body (8) is the high pressure water water channel, the external boring nozzle of bottom high-pressure water chamber (19), the stage casing circumferentially be provided be communicated with main channel cut burnt nozzle (18), be provided with the automatic diverter valve (11) of control decoking device change working, be provided with plunger-type cylinder (20) in the automatic diverter valve (11), the linearly moving member that plunger tooth bar (21) and reseting pressuring spring (22) are formed, and setting is meshed with tooth bar and sky is enclosed within wobble gear (24) on the spool (23); It is characterized in that: wobble gear (24) is connected by the unidirectional indexing mechanism of overrunning clutch with spool (23); Discharge orifice (32) is arranged between valve inner high voltage water inlet channel and the earial drainage drainage channel.

2, according to the described automatic decoking device of claim 1, it is characterized in that the unidirectional indexing mechanism of overrunning clutch has the clutch coupling loam cake (26) by stage clip (36) axial compression, overrunning clutch is formed in the tooth engagement that surmounts that surmounts tooth and wobble gear (24) end face setting of loam cake end face setting; Clutch coupling loam cake (26) external cylindrical surface is provided with 4 involute urve double wedges that are mutually 90 °, and stop pin (27) is attached on the involute flank by stage clip (28) axial compression, and the endoporus of clutch coupling loam cake is connected with spool (23) key.

3,, it is characterized in that having garden taper projection in the middle of the lower valve base (16) according to the described automatic decoking device of claim 1.