CN2409704Y - DC motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a DC motor with a multipole armature structure. The number of coils of one group phi 1-2 of the windings of the DC motor is fewer than the number of coils of other windings. In order to keep mechanical balance, the armature pole on which the phi 1-2 is positioned is additionally coiled with a section of counterweight coil 5. One end of the coil and one end of the phi 1-2 are together connected to the corresponding commutator, and the other end of the coil is in open state in the circuit. The special structure of the phi 1-2 makes the current and the voltage passing through the motor generate specical information waves. A control system of the utility model can separate and utilize the information waves to complete precise regulation to the motor.

Description

A kind of Novel DC motor

The utility model relates to a kind of motor, and especially winding is different from the d.c. motor of other windings.

D.c. motor is widely used in the industrial production field, according to product needed, requires sometimes the speed of motor is accurately controlled, as: the motor of using in the radio-cassette player; Sometimes require the position of motor is accurately controlled, as: the motor of using in plotter, disc driver and the robot analysed entirely; Sometimes require simultaneously speed and position are all accurately controlled, as: the drive unit of video tape recorder, CD player etc.Control by position and speed, can make it deeply be applied to the application of many stepper motors d.c. motor.

The control system of conventional DC motor mainly contains two kinds: open-loop control system and closed-loop control system.Open-loop control system is to make motor running or stop by controller output signal.Closed-loop control system is to increase a feedback signal on the basis of open-loop control system, this feedback signal is being carried speed, direction and the positional information of motor, controller utilizes these signals constantly every index of motor to be adjusted, and makes it to keep within the specific limits.

Present operational transducer has: optical pickocff, suddenly and effect sensor etc.Various transducers respectively have its pluses and minuses again, as optical pickocff, must shield it, influence its sensitivity to prevent light and dust etc.; And for example suddenly and effect sensor, can not provide signal accurately too greatly because of magnet and the gap between the device that is installed in rotor.The implementer can select the transducer that is suitable for as required.

What the rotor of existing d.c. motor adopted usually is three Polar armature structures, shown in Figure 1A, the rotor of this motor is made of three armatures 1 that equidistantly distribute, on each armature around the identical winding φ 1 of the number of turn, φ 2, φ 3, the two ends of each winding are connected to adjacent commutator 2 respectively, and commutator is connected with brush again.Such motor can rotate rotor by giving the winding input current in magnetic field; Also can produce electric current in magnetic field by rotor is rotated.Because the umber of turn of this motor is identical, so it is also identical to flow through the electric current of winding, feedback signal is difficult for identification.

In order to make feedback signal be easy to identification, someone has changed the number of turn of above-mentioned winding, shown in Figure 1B, winding φ 1-1 has reduced than the number of turn of φ 2, φ 3, when motor rotated, the electric current and φ 2, the φ 3 that flow through φ 1-1 were different, and the electric wave figure that reflects is also different, from this different electric wave figure, be easy to extract the information of relevant motor speed and position and be used, to realize accurate control to motor.One big advantage of this reponse system is: without transducer, and directly obtain information from the motion of motor self.For example counting motor is exactly the number of turns of utilizing above-mentioned information to come recording pen motor to turn over, simultaneously can also mark and the starting point of definite motor rotation.But there is a drawback in this number of turn arrangement, and promptly the mechanical center of gravity 3 of rotor can depart from the rotor axis position, and the result causes mechanical imbalance, forms problems such as noise and bearing wear.

Purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of feedback signal that promptly is easy to recognize, can overcome the d.c. motor of mechanical imbalance problem again.

The motor that the present invention relates to also is to adopt multipole (odd number) winding construction, and the number of turn of one of them described winding is less than other described windings, but for mechanical balance, adds on the winding of this minimizing number of turn around the coil of one section no circuit function.Adding around way of this coil has: 1. the one end is overlapped with the end points of described winding, the other end is in open-circuit condition in circuit; 2. its mid point is connected on the end points of the commutator that is connected with described winding.Play a part to make rotor balancing from this section of mechanical angle coil, the center of gravity of rotor thereby got back to the shaft core position of rotor; On the circuit angle, this section coil no current passes through, and seeming does not exist, and has guaranteed the particularity of electric wave type.

Motor provided by the present invention has not only been simplified design, has overcome the problem that mechanical imbalance brings, and simultaneously can show different electric wave types again, make the implementer easily therefrom acquired information realize controlling motor.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is elaborated.

Figure 1A is the sectional top view of conventional DC motor;

Fig. 2 A is the circuit structure diagram with the corresponding d.c. motor of Figure 1A;

Figure 1B is the sectional view that one of them winding is less than the d.c. motor of other windings;

Fig. 2 B is the circuit structure diagram with the corresponding d.c. motor of Figure 1B;

Fig. 1 C is the sectional view of the described d.c. motor of the utility model;

Fig. 2 C is the circuit structure diagram with the corresponding d.c. motor of Fig. 1 C;

Fig. 3 is the control principle figure of d.c. motor described in the utility model;

Fig. 4 (a) is the current waveform figure of motor described in the utility model;

Fig. 4 (b) is the test circuit figure of motor embodiment described in the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of the embodiment of one five Polar armature structure of the present utility model.

What Figure 1A and Fig. 2 A described is a traditional d.c. motor, and its rotor is made up of three armatures 1 that equidistantly distribute, and around length and the identical winding Φ 1 of weight, Φ 2, Φ 3, each winding all is connected to respectively again on the electrode 2 of a pair of commutator on the armature.When rotor rotated, different right commutators contacted with brush, made the electric current that flows through winding change direction.

Figure 1B and Fig. 2 B describe is the d.c. motor that the number of turn of one of them winding Φ 1-1 is less than other two winding Φ 2, Φ 3.When motor running, the electric current that flows through winding Φ 1-1 can be different with the electric current that flows through on other windings, and this difference can be detected, and is used by several different methods.But this structure can produce imbalance mechanically, this point, and the implementer can understand by comparing Figure 1A and the different of Figure 1B, and in Figure 1A, all windings are identical, so the weight of rotor arm is identical, rotor c.g. 3 overlaps with rotor axis; And in Figure 1B,,, cause the center of gravity of rotor to shift to winding Φ 1-1 one side so other windings of this ratio of winding are light owing to the turn ratio Φ 2 of winding Φ 1-1, the number of turn of Φ 3 reduce to some extent, and form mechanical imbalance, cause problems such as noise and bearing wear.

Fig. 1 C and Fig. 2 C have described the motor configuration of the embodiment of the invention, wherein the turn ratio Φ 2 of winding Φ 1-2, Φ 3 are few, simultaneously in order to overcome the mechanical imbalance problem, embodiment adds on the arm of winding Φ 1-2 around one section bucking coil 5, the adding of this coil 5 makes the weight of winding Φ 1-2 equate fully with the weight of other two windings.As seen from the figure, an end of bucking coil 5 overlaps with the end of winding Φ 1-2, and together is connected on the respective point of commutator, and the other end is then unsettled in circuit, and therefore, this coil 5 is no any effect in circuit.The embodiment of the invention had both had the different advantage of the number of turn, had overcome the mechanical imbalance problem again.

Fig. 3 has described the control system of the embodiment of the invention.Reference numeral M is a motor, and Reference numeral 4 is a brush, and Reference numeral 10 is a controller, and Reference numeral R is a resistance, and C is an electric capacity.The special construction of described motor makes electric current and the voltage through motor produce special information (being that the winding Φ 1-2 number of turn is less), this information via capacitor C, (as shown in FIG.: transverse axis is represented the time to be broken down into an electric wave signal, longitudinal axis representative voltage), electric wave signal is after amplifier 11 amplifies, pass to comparator 12, comparator is with reference voltage V _REFCompare with the shape information after amplifying, therefrom isolate the information of special waveform, with its positional information that rotates a circle as motor rotor, this positional information is handled through microprocessor 14, feeds back to controller 10.

In addition, described motor whenever turns around and correspondingly can cause a plurality of pulses, and these consecutive pulses form the velocity information of described motor, and is transfused to microprocessor 14.

Microprocessor 14 can be discerned above-mentioned positional information and velocity information, when these information change, when exceeding its set point, microprocessor sends at once and feeds back signal to controller 10 accordingly, controller is adjusted control command, the running speed that operated motor is maintained fixed.

The advantage of this control structure is: the number of turns that not only can recording pen motor turns over, can also accurately control the velocity of rotation of motor.

Fig. 4 (a) has described complete and continuous Waveform Control process separately, and the implementer can consult this figure understood in detail present embodiment.Fig. 4 (b) has described circuit test process of the present invention separately, and the implementer can consult this figure and further understand present embodiment.

It is the situation of three Polar armature structures that the foregoing description has been described motor.But the present invention is not limited to the concrete structure of above-mentioned execution mode, has described the enforcement body of one five Polar armature structure as accompanying drawing 5.In a word, protection scope of the present invention should comprise those conspicuous to those skilled in the art conversion and remodeling thereof.

Claims (4)

1. Novel DC motor, comprise the multipolar armature winding, the umber of turn of one of them utmost point lacks than the umber of turn of other utmost points, in order to keep mechanical balance, reduced on the armature pole of the number of turn at this, add around the counterweight coil of one section no circuit function, it is characterized in that: this end that adds coiling links to each other with an end of place winding, and the other end then is not connected with circuit.

2. Novel DC motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: add the end that coiling links to each other with winding, together be connected on the commutator that links to each other with this winding.

3. d.c. motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described motor is three Polar armature structures.

4. d.c. motor according to claim 1.It is characterized in that: described motor also comprises five Polar armature structures.

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