CN2251141Y - Intelligent prepayment watthour meter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent prepayment watthour meter belonging to the electric quantity metering technical field in power supply and distribution systems, and the intelligent prepayment watthour meter relates to the improvement of inductive electric meters. The intelligent prepayment watthour meter is made up of an electric meter, a power supply, a sensor, a single chip computer, an amplifying shaping circuit, a power supply checking and resetting circuit, a data protection circuit, an intelligent card, a reading card display key, a mode control circuit, an electronic switch, a digital display driver, a position scanner driver and a nixie tube. The configurations of original electric meters are not changed by the intelligent prepayment watthour meter and the electromechanical integration is implemented, and the installation and the using are convenient, and the extra fine grades of the original meters are kept. The intelligent prepayment watthour meter has the advantages of prepayment, electricity buying prompting, non-fee auto-power-off, overloading automatic protection, interference protection, power consumption data reservation in power down, anti electricity theft and anti counterfeiting, etc.

Description

The prepaid intelligent kilowatt-hour meter

The utility model belongs to electric quantity metering technical field in the power supply-distribution system, relates to the improvement to induction meter.

Induction meter can be to electric quantity metering, but it does not possess prepaid, function such as anti-electricity-theft.And magnetic card type watt-hour meter possesses above-mentioned functions, but magnetic card transreplication and forgery, is subject to magnetization, when external magnetic field is more intense, easily loses or changes data, and lacks its serviceable life.The signal of its electric quantity metering circuit is subject to disturb and the measuring accuracy of watt-hour meter is reduced.Its reset circuit is made up of resistance, electric capacity, and when the frequent outage of power supply grid or supply relay loose contact and false power down, reset signal is inaccurate, and it is unreliable to cause single-chip microcomputer to reset.Be connected on the switch on the current coil in the watt-hour meter, adopt mechanical switch, promptly adopt relay short its serviceable life, easily produce electric spark during power on/off, cause electrical noise and electrical interference, easily melt the contact when big current work, contact is difficult for discharging, and makes circuit working unreliable.

The purpose of this utility model is: guaranteeing under prepaid, the intelligentized prerequisite, solving problems such as forging, duplicate, stealing, interference, magnetization, life-span are lacked with IC-card.It is inaccurate to adopt differentiating circuit to solve reset signal, and it is reliably errorless that single-chip microcomputer is resetted.On current coil, settle electronic switch to solve problems such as the unreliable and easy generation interference of circuit working.On the dish of former ammeter induction garden, settled an electricity consumption metering " sensor " of forming by the light-to-current inversion mode to solve measuring accuracy and anti-interference problem.

It thes contents are as follows the utility model as shown in Figure 1: it is made up of watt-hour meter 1, power supply 2, power supply verification and reset circuit 3, sensor 4, electronic switch 5, State Control 6, single-chip microcomputer 7, Card Reader display key 8, smart card 9, data protection circuit 10, bit scan driving circuit 11, decoder driver 12 and 4 figure place sign indicating number displays 13, amplification and rectification circuit 14 etc.The characteristics that their are formed are that the input end of watt-hour meter 1 is connected with the input end of power supply 2, are connected with electric quantity metering sensor 4 in the inductive disks of watt-hour meter 1, at the counter T of electric quantity metering sensor 4 and single-chip microcomputer 7 ₀Place amplification and rectification circuit 14 between the end, the output terminal of power supply verification and reset circuit 3 is connected in the middle fracture of power supply 2 and single-chip microcomputer 7

And between the electrification reset RST end, data protection circuit 10 is connected in series in P with single-chip microcomputer 7 ₃Mouthful, smart card 9 is directly connected in the P of single-chip microcomputer 7 ₁Mouthful.Fracture in Card Reader display key 8 and the single-chip microcomputer 7 Connect the controlled end of state control circuit 6 and the P of single-chip microcomputer 7 ₃Mouthful be connected, controlled terminal is connected to electronic switch 5 and three status indicator lamps, and electronic switch 5 is connected in the current coil of watt-hour meter 1 and is controlled by state control circuit 6.The composition of electronic switch 5 is: the control end pin 1 of optocoupler MOC connects power supply 2, the control end pin 2 connecting resistance E of optocoupler MOC ₁An end, resistance R ₁Another termination state control circuit 6, the pin 4 of the controlled end of optocoupler MOC respectively with silicon controlled trigger electrode and resistance E ₃An end be connected resistance R ₃Another termination silicon controlled main pole 1 end, pin 6 and the resistance R of optocoupler MOC ₂An end connect resistance R ₂The other end is connected with controllable silicon main pole 2.The end of the same name and the resistance R of comparer in power supply verification and the reset circuit 3 ₁And R ₂Node link to each other different each end and resistance R of comparer ₃And R ₄Node link to each other, comparer assist out end and resistance R ₅, R ₆And capacitor C ₃Node link to each other catching diode D ₃An end and resistance R ₃The other end be connected in power supply 2, catching diode D ₃The other end and resistance R ₆Node connect the middle fracture INT end of single-chip microcomputer 7, resistance R ₆Power supply termination commutation diode D with comparer ₁Negative pole, resistance R ₁Link to each other resistance R with the positive pole of commutation diode ₂, R ₄, R ₇, R ₈The other end, catching diode D ₂The positive pole and the earth terminal of comparer link to each other the base stage of triode GB and capacitor C with rectifier power source negative pole in the power supply 2 ₃, resistance R ₇, catching diode D ₂Node link to each other the emitter of triode GB and resistance R ₃Node be connected to the RST end of resetting of single-chip microcomputer 7, the collector of triode connects the positive pole of power supply 2.

Good effect of the present utility model: on induction meter, install the new technical scheme of forming by smart card and superencipher one chip microcomputer additional, measuring accuracy and key technical problem such as anti-interference have been solved preferably, set up the electricity consumer archives with smart card and computer networking, it realizes the intellectuality and the modern management of electricity consumption.Structure and profile that its novel structure does not promptly change former watt-hour meter have realized electromechanical integration, have reached purpose easy to install.It has kept the extra fine grade of former watt-hour meter compared with the prior art.Its functions of use is complete; have prepaid (hold and purchase), point out and purchase; at any time check watt-hour meter internal memory electricity data, when nothing is purchased the automatic cutout power supply of electricity charge time spent, functions such as automatic overload protection and anti-tampering, power down retention data, anti-electricity-theft, anti-counterfeiting.Reset circuit in power supply verification and the reset circuit adopts swings to differentiating circuit, then the reset signal of single-chip microcomputer accurately, reliable, guaranteed that single-chip microcomputer works like clockwork.With electronic switch avoided the mechanical switch life-span short, easily produce that spark, contact are easily melted and problem such as circuit working is unreliable.

Fig. 1 is a theory diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the power supply check reset circuit in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the electronic switching circuit in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is single-phase electricity watch circuit connected mode figure of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is three-phase kilowatt-hour meter circuit connecting mode figure of the present utility model;

Embodiment of the present utility model: it is to be core component with superencipher one chip microcomputer 7: technical scheme is to work with AT89C5 that to encrypt one chip microcomputer be core component, and another technical scheme is to be core component with AT89C2051 superencipher one chip microcomputer.Consider that from the economic benefit aspect latter economizes about 30 yuan than the former, but the latter is less because of output pin, thus need add two peripheral supporting chips, aspect the technology cabling than the former many (they being disposable technology board design problem).When the utility model is controlled the single-phase induction watt-hour meter with an electronic switch 5, when the three-phase induction watt-hour meter is controlled with three electronic switches 5.Power supply 2 adopts 5 volts of voltages of direct current, 0.2 ampere electric current.Sensor 4 adopts photoelectric switching circuit to be made up of phototriode (BU33-BU35 or photodiode) and common luminous (ruddiness) diode.Amplification and rectification circuit 14 and power supply verification and comparer LM393 of reset circuit 3 usefulness and some resistance are formed.Integrated of data protection circuit 10 usefulness AT24C02, smart card 9 adopts the IC-card that meets the international standard standard.Card Reader display key 8 can adopt two function keys and OR-circuit to form.State control circuit 6 can be formed with six gun stocks MC1413 and 3 status indicator lamps.Reset circuit in power supply verification and the reset circuit 3 is swung to differentiating circuit with 47～100 μ f electric capacity, catching diode 1N4001, triode S9013 and resistance composition.Parts such as electronic switch 5 usefulness bidirectional triode thyristor BTA41-700 and light idol MOC3083 are formed (as Fig. 3).

The course of work of the present utility model: after watt-hour meter inserted electrical network, civil power AC200V produced single DC5V voltage through power supply 2 transformations, rectification, three circuit of voltage stabilizing, and full machine is started working.Power supply verification simultaneously and reset circuit 3 produce power-on reset signal, single-chip microcomputer 7 is resetted, and begin to carry out wherein first section program of EPROM, promptly read former depositing (or protected) electric quantity data and be stored in the single-chip microcomputer from data protection circuit 10.If the electricity consumption electric quantity data is in-4.9 degree～+ 999.9 degree scopes, it is bright that then writ attitude control circuit 6 is instigated the power supply pilot lamp, and electronic switch 5 is connected, and powers to the user.If between-4.9 degree～+ 5 degree the time, then order power supply indication and functions of electricity purchasing cue two lamps are all bright with power consumption, electric weight is few or have and be in arrears with in the bright expression watt-hour meter of functions of electricity purchasing cue lamp, then warns the user to hold as early as possible and purchases.When Ruo Biaonei electricity consumption electric quantity data≤-5 are spent, then only make the functions of electricity purchasing cue lamp bright, at this moment represent the 5 degree electricity of having used of user more, electronic switch disconnects and cuts off the electricity supply at this moment, forbids electricity consumption again.When the user hold smart card 9 write to electric industry operation point purchase the electricity charge after, smart card 9 is inserted the deck of smart card, at this moment then produce the Card Reader instruction by the Card Reader key, notice single-chip microcomputer 7 is carried out the Card Reader program, purchase the electricity charge at first will blocking and read in the memory field with data with serial mode, and wipe data in the card automatically, then 4 charactrons 13 show three secondary data automatically: show for the first time: newly purchase electric weight expense numerical value A; Show for the second time: former internal memory electric weight expense numerical value B in the ammeter; Show for the third time: existing charge value (C)=A+B in the ammeter behind the Card Reader, then the Card Reader pilot lamp goes out, and represents that then (digital display in the machine partly is the P by single-chip microcomputer in the Card Reader end ₀Mouthful with the work of bit scan mode).

Display digit (power saving) not when group of four figures pipe 13 is flat when desiring to know in the table existing how many electric weight, can produce idsplay order by 8 of display keys, carries out display routine, and charactron 13 shows and has electric quantity data now immediately.

When grid power blackout or outage, it is that the power-fail interrupt signal send fracture in the single-chip microcomputer 7 that power supply checking circuit 3 produces negative pulse , and carry out the power-fail interrupt program at once, useful data in the sheet is passed through P with serial mode ₃Mouth send in the century-old chip that did not lose efficacy and preserves, and the back for the treatment of to switch on is once more walked by monolithic is machine-readable.

When Ruo Biaonei spent greater than-5 with power consumption, single-chip microcomputer 7 was connected electronic switch 5 by state control circuit 6, and the pilot lamp of then powering is bright powers to the user.Induction garden dish in the watt-hour meter 1 rotates, and whenever circling produces an electric pulse by sensor, and an electric pulse is equivalent to 1/1200 degree, and electric pulse send the T of single-chip microcomputer ₀The counting mouth is done decrement treatment in sheet.Sensor 4 is made up of the light-to-current inversion mode, and its output signal forms electric pulse after amplifying shaping through the comparer in the amplification and rectification circuit 14, send T again ₀The mouth counting.When overload protection function is program design, judge that with the length that detects recurrence interval T the T value is greatly then represented with electric loading light, the T value is little then to be represented with electric loading heavily.When T≤1.36ms, represent that then load current is equal to or greater than 10A, single-chip microcomputer 7 output orders control this moment electronic switch 5 interruption of power supply.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of prepaid intelligence bear watt-hour meter, it is characterized in that it comprises: watt-hour meter 1, decoder driver 12, bit scan driver 11, charactron 13, it is characterized in that: the input end of watt-hour meter 1 is connected with the input end of power supply 2, inductive disks at watt-hour meter 1 is connected with electric quantity metering sensor 4, at the counter T of electric quantity metering sensor 4 with single-chip microcomputer 7 ₀Place amplification and rectification circuit 14 between the end, the output terminal of power supply verification and reset circuit 3 is connected in the middle fracture of power supply 2 and single-chip microcomputer 7

And between the electrification reset RST end, data protection circuit 10 is connected in series in P with single-chip microcomputer 7 ₃Mouthful, smart card 9 is directly connected in the P of single-chip microcomputer 7 ₁Mouthful, fracture in Card Reader display key 8 and the single-chip microcomputer 7

Connect the controlled end of state control circuit 6 and the P of single-chip microcomputer 7 ₂Mouth is connected, and the controlled terminal of state control circuit 6 connects electronic switch 5 and three status indicator lamps respectively, and electronic switch 6 is connected in the current coil of watt-hour meter 1, is controlled by state control circuit 6.

2, prepaid intelligent kilowatt-hour meter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the composition of electronic switch 5 is: the pin 1 of the control end of optocoupler MOC connects power supply 2, the control end pin 2 connecting resistance R of optocoupler MOC ₁An end, resistance R ₁Another termination state control circuit 6, the pin 4 of the controlled end of optocoupler MOC respectively with silicon controlled trigger electrode and resistance R ₃An end be connected resistance E ₃Another termination silicon controlled main pole 1 end, pin 6 and the resistance R of optocoupler MOC ₂An end connect resistance R ₂The other end is connected with controllable silicon main pole 2.

3, advance intelligent kilowatt-hour meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the composition of power supply verification and reset circuit 3 is: the end of the same name and the resistance R of comparer ₁And R ₂Node link to each other the different name end and the resistance R of comparer ₃And R ₄Node link to each other the output terminal of comparer and resistance R ₅, R ₆And capacitor C ₃Node link to each other catching diode D ₃An end and resistance R ₃The other end be connected in power supply 2, catching diode D ₃The other end and resistance R ₆Node connect the middle fracture INT end of single-chip microcomputer 7, resistance R ₅Power supply termination commutation diode D with comparer ₁Negative pole, resistance R ₁With commutation diode D ₁Positive pole link to each other resistance R ₂, R ₄, R ₇, R ₈The other end, catching diode D ₂The positive pole and the earth terminal of comparer link to each other the base stage of triode GB and capacitor C with rectifier power source negative pole in the power supply 2 ₃, resistance R ₇, catching diode D ₂Node link to each other the emitter of triode GB and resistance R ₈Node be connected to the RST end of resetting of single-chip microcomputer 7, the collector of triode connects the positive pole of power supply 2.

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