CN220366890U - Transformer oil pillow oil level ultrasonic monitoring device with oil level alarm function - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a transformer oil pillow oil level ultrasonic monitoring device with an oil level alarming function, which comprises a processing module, and a display module, an alarming module, a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module which are connected with the processing module; the ultrasonic wave is utilized to have the characteristic of stronger penetration effect to the solid medium by the cooperation of the processor and the sensor, the ultrasonic frequency is theoretically calculated and selected, the drive transmitting circuit and the multistage amplification receiving circuit are adopted, the non-contact measurement of the oil level is realized according to the ultrasonic ranging principle, the oil level of the conservator is digitally displayed, the measurement is more convenient and quick, the problem that the container is required to be perforated in the prior art is solved.

Description

Transformer oil pillow oil level ultrasonic monitoring device with oil level alarm function

Technical field:

the utility model relates to the technical field of charging piles, in particular to a transformer oil pillow oil level ultrasonic monitoring device with an oil level alarming function.

The background technology is as follows:

the transformer is a key device of a transformer substation, various monitoring devices of the transformer are quite multiple in functions and one of the monitoring devices is used for detecting the oil level of the conservator, and currently, operation and maintenance personnel are most commonly used for judging the quantity of the transformer oil by observing an oil level gauge and calculating the oil level of the conservator. The existing ultrasonic liquid level detection method has the problems that a container is required to be perforated during installation, so that the container structure is damaged and the sound waves are influenced by volatile media.

Aiming at the problem, the liquid level automatic detection device is designed by utilizing the characteristic that ultrasonic waves have a strong penetrating effect on a solid medium.

The utility model comprises the following steps:

in order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the oil level ultrasonic monitoring device with the oil level alarming function for the transformer oil pillow, which realizes non-contact measurement of the oil level by utilizing the characteristic that ultrasonic waves have a strong penetrating effect on a solid medium, and digitally displays the oil level of the transformer oil pillow, so that the problem that a container needs to be perforated is solved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides a technical scheme that: take oil level alarming function's transformer oil pillow oil level ultrasonic monitoring device, characterized by: the system comprises a processing module, a display module, an alarm module, a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module, wherein the display module, the alarm module, the signal transmitting module and the signal receiving module are connected with the processing module, and the signal receiving module is used for receiving the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting module, wherein:

the signal transmitting module comprises a field effect tube, an ultrasonic probe, a rectifier bridge and a driving transformer, wherein the grid electrode of the field effect tube is connected with an I/O port of the processor, the source electrode of the field effect tube is connected with a ground wire, then the drain electrode of the field effect tube is connected with a first input end of the driving transformer, a second input end of the driving transformer is connected with a power supply end VDD, two output ends of the driving transformer are respectively connected with two input ends of the rectifier bridge, and two output ends of the rectifier bridge are connected with the ultrasonic probe;

the signal receiving module comprises a current limiting resistor, a blocking capacitor and an amplifying circuit, wherein echo signals of the ultrasonic probe enter the amplifying circuit to be amplified after passing through the current limiting resistor and the blocking capacitor, and amplified signals are output to an A/D port of the processor through a collector electrode of the amplifying circuit;

the processing module comprises a processor, a current limiting resistor, an XTR115 chip and a current loop, wherein an analog signal generated by a DAC of the processor is added to a 2 pin of the XTR115 chip after passing through the current limiting resistor; at this time, the 4 pins of the XTR115 chip can output a current signal, and under the condition of constant current value, the voltage signal is output by the processor to control the current of the current loop, so as to realize the two-wire system current signal transmission;

the alarm module comprises an alarm lamp and a relay, wherein the grounding end of the alarm lamp is connected with the grounding end of the processor, the power supply end of the alarm lamp is connected with a normally open contact of the relay, the public end of the relay is connected with the power supply end of the processor, the power supply end and the grounding end of the relay are connected with the power supply end and the grounding end of the corresponding processor, and the signal input end of the relay is connected with an I/O port of the processor;

further, the rectifier bridge is a bridge rectifier circuit.

Further, the amplifying circuit is a three-stage discrete element amplifying circuit.

Further, the processor is an MSP430 singlechip.

Furthermore, an NPN triode for solving the problem of insufficient pin driving capability of the processor and having an isolation function is connected in series between the signal input end of the relay and the I/O port of the processor.

Further, the display module is an LCD screen and is connected with the I/O port of the processor through an interface circuit.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

1. the ultrasonic wave has the characteristic of stronger penetration effect on solid media, adopts the drive transmitting circuit and the multistage amplification receiving circuit, realizes non-contact measurement of the oil level according to the ultrasonic ranging principle, and digitally displays the oil level of the oil conservator, so that the measurement is more convenient and quick, and a series of problems caused by the need of opening a hole of a container in the prior art are solved.

2. In the signal transmitting module, the primary voltage VDD of a transmitting transformer is reduced firstly, then the power consumption of a transmitting circuit is reduced, when the signal transmitting module works, an I/O port of a processor outputs an ultrasonic pulse string to a grid electrode of a field effect tube, and then the field effect tube directly drives the transformer to finish the transmission of the ultrasonic pulse string; when the processor does not transmit, the static power consumption of the transmitting circuit is zero; the power consumption of the transmitting circuit is further reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

3. The signal receiving module adopts the three-stage discrete element amplifying circuit, so that the gain is improved, the circuit noise is reduced, and the monitoring capability of weak signals is enhanced.

4. The triode is added in the alarm module, and the input end of the relay is added through the triode due to limited driving capability of the processor pin, so that the problem of insufficient driving capability of the processor pin is solved on one hand, and a certain isolation effect can be achieved on the other hand.

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be apparent from the following more particular description of preferred embodiments, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Description of the drawings:

in order to more clearly illustrate the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only eight of the utility models, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a signal transmitting module.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a signal receiving module.

Fig. 4 is a pin diagram of a processor.

Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an XTR115 chip.

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of an alarm module.

Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a display module.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic oil level measurement according to the present application.

The specific embodiment is as follows:

embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the utility model is susceptible of embodiment in the drawings, it is to be understood that the utility model may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the utility model. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the utility model are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

It should be understood that the steps recited in the method embodiments of the present utility model may be performed in a different order. Furthermore, method embodiments may include additional steps omitting the execution of the illustrated steps. The scope of the utility model is not limited in this respect.

The names of messages or information interacted between the devices in the embodiments of the present utility model are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of such messages or information.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, an ultrasonic monitoring device for oil level of a transformer oil pillow with an oil level alarming function is characterized in that: the system comprises a processing module, a display module, an alarm module, a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module, wherein the display module, the alarm module, the signal transmitting module and the signal receiving module are connected with the processing module, and the signal receiving module is used for receiving the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting module, wherein:

as shown in fig. 2, the signal transmitting module includes a field effect tube, an ultrasonic probe, a rectifier bridge and a driving transformer, wherein the grid electrode of the field effect tube is connected with the I/O port of the processor, the source electrode of the field effect tube is connected with the ground wire and then the drain electrode of the field effect tube is connected with the first input end of the driving transformer, the second input end of the driving transformer is connected with the power supply end VDD, the two output ends of the driving transformer are respectively connected with the two input ends of the rectifier bridge, and the two output ends of the rectifier bridge are connected with the ultrasonic probe;

the signal transmitting module is mainly used for exciting the ultrasonic sensor to transmit ultrasonic waves for measurement in equipment, and the common ultrasonic transmitting circuit can be generally divided into a single pulse transmitting circuit, a continuous wave transmitting circuit and an adjustable pulse wave transmitting circuit by utilizing different propagation speeds of ultrasonic waves in different media.

The single pulse transmitting circuit comprises a field effect tube Q1, wherein the grid electrode of the field effect tube Q1 is connected with a processor, the source electrode of the field effect tube is connected with a ground wire, the drain electrode of the field effect tube is connected with a first input end of a driving transformer T1, a second input end of the driving transformer is connected with a power supply end VDD, the output end of the driving transformer is connected with a bridge rectifier circuit and is connected with a point a, the second input end of the driving transformer is connected with the bridge rectifier circuit and is connected with a point c, and two points b and d which are connected with a probe form a transmitting circuit.

The main working principle is to reduce the primary voltage VDD of the transmitting transformer and then reduce the power consumption of the transmitting circuit. The field effect transistor Q1 is driven by being connected with an I/O port of the singlechip, so that the field effect transistor drives the transformer to complete the ultrasonic emission. During operation, the I/O port of the singlechip outputs an ultrasonic pulse train to the grid electrode of the Q1, and then the Q1 directly drives the transformer T1 to finish the emission of the ultrasonic pulse train. When the singlechip is not transmitting, the static power consumption of the transmitting circuit is zero; the power consumption of the transmitting circuit is further reduced.

As shown in fig. 3, the signal receiving module comprises a current limiting resistor, a blocking capacitor and an amplifying circuit, wherein an echo signal of the ultrasonic probe enters the amplifying circuit for amplification after passing through the current limiting resistor and the blocking capacitor, and the amplified signal is output to an a/D port of the processor through a collector of the amplifying circuit.

The main function of the signal receiving module is to amplify the signal reflected by the ultrasonic sensor and send the signal to the output device for processing. The echo signal of the probe is firstly isolated by a current limiting resistor Rs through a capacitor C1 and then enters a first-stage amplifying circuit for amplification; the amplified signal is subjected to second-stage amplification through a triode T2; then amplifying the third stage through a triode T3; finally, the amplified signal is output to an A/D port of the singlechip by a collector of T3; the acquisition and processing of echo signals are completed by the singlechip. The receiving circuit not only improves the gain, but also reduces the circuit noise and enhances the monitoring capability of weak signals. The main working principle is as follows: the input resistance of the multi-stage amplifying circuit is the input resistance of the first-stage amplifying circuit, and the output resistance of the multi-stage amplifying circuit is the output resistance of the last-stage amplifying circuit. The input resistance of the first stage may also be related to the second stage circuit and the output resistance of the last stage may also be related to the previous stage circuit, depending on the particular circuit configuration.

As shown in fig. 4-5, the processing module includes a processor, a current limiting resistor, an XTR115 chip and a current loop, wherein an analog signal generated by the processor DAC is applied to the 2 pin of the XTR115 chip after passing through the current limiting resistor; at this time, the 4 pins of the XTR115 chip will output a current signal, and under the condition of constant current value, the processor outputs a voltage signal to control the current of the current loop, so as to realize two-wire current signal transmission.

The choice of processor is also the core of the application, and the processor is needed to complete the signal transmission by the pulse excitation ultrasonic sensor, the signal processing by the echo of the ultrasonic sensor, the distance calculation and the like. The processor is selected by taking an MSP430 single-chip microcomputer as a core control end, and the MSP430 series single-chip microcomputer is a 16-bit ultralow-power-consumption mixed signal processor with a Reduced Instruction Set (RISC) because a plurality of analog circuits, digital circuit modules and microprocessors with different functions are integrated on one chip according to practical application requirements.

The Reduced Instruction Set (RISC) structure is adopted, and the method has rich addressing modes (7 source operand addressing and 4 destination operand addressing), concise 27 kernel instructions and a large number of simulation instructions; a large number of registers and on-chip data memories can participate in various operations; there are also efficient look-up table processing instructions. These features ensure that a highly efficient source program can be programmed. The MSP430 series single chip microcomputer with high folding operation speed can realize an instruction period of 40ns under the drive of a 25MHz crystal. The 16-bit data width, the 40ns instruction period and the multifunctional hardware multiplier (capable of realizing multiply-add operation) are matched, so that certain algorithms (such as FFT and the like) of digital signal processing can be realized. The folding ultra-low power consumption MSP430 singlechip has ultra-low power consumption because the folding ultra-low power consumption MSP430 singlechip has uniqueness in reducing the power supply voltage of a chip and flexible and controllable running clock. The power supply voltage of MSP430 series single chip microcomputer is 1.8-3.6V. Therefore, when the chip operates under the clock condition of 1MHz, the current of the chip can be about 165 mu A at the lowest, and the minimum power consumption in the RAM holding mode is only 0.1 mu A of the unique clock system design. There are two different clock systems in the MSP430 series: basic clock systems, frequency locked loop (FLL and FLL) clock systems, and DCO digital oscillator clock systems. Only one crystal oscillator (32.768 kHz) DT-26ORDT-38 may be used, or two crystal oscillators may be used. The system clock system generates clocks required for the CPU and the functions.

Each series of MSP430 series single-chip microcomputer integrates richer on-chip and off-chip devices. They are respectively different combinations of several peripheral modules such as Watchdog (WDT), analog comparator a, timer A0 (timer_a0), timer A1 (timer_a1), timer B0 (timer_b0), UART, SPI, I C, hardware multiplier, liquid crystal driver, 10 bit/12 bit ADC, 16 bit sigma-delta ADC, DMA, I/O port, basic Timer (basic Timer), real Time Clock (RTC), and USB controller. Wherein, the watchdog can reset the program rapidly when the program is out of control; the analog comparator compares analog voltages and is matched with the timer to design an A/D converter; the 16-bit Timer (timer_A and timer_B) has a capturing/comparing function, and a large number of capturing/comparing registers can be used for event counting, time sequence generation, PWM and the like; some devices are further provided with serial communication interfaces capable of realizing asynchronization, synchronization and multiple access, and can conveniently realize multi-machine communication and other applications; the device has more I/O ports, and the P0, P1 and P2 ports can receive interrupt input with external rising edges or falling edges; the 10/12-bit hardware A/D converter has higher conversion rate which can reach 200kbps at most, and can meet most data acquisition applications; the liquid crystal can be directly driven for 160 sections; realizing 12-bit D/A conversion of two paths; the hardware I2C serial bus interface realizes memory serial expansion; and a DMA module employed for increasing a data transfer speed.

The main working principle is as follows: the I/O port of the MSP430 singlechip is connected with the field effect tube Q1, namely the transmitting circuit, so as to achieve the effect of pulse excitation, the A/D port of the singlechip is connected with the third-stage amplifying circuit for processing the echo of the ultrasonic wave, so that the MSP430 singlechip is more prone to the characteristic of low power consumption because the singlechip is selected, the transmitting circuit is controlled by the singlechip to transmit pulse signals, the pulse signals become mechanical waves after passing through the probe, the mechanical waves penetrate through liquid and return to the probe through the liquid level, and the probe converts the mechanical waves into electric signals; the electric signal is sent to the singlechip after passing through the receiving circuit, the singlechip analyzes and processes the echo signal, and the liquid level value is calculated according to the sound velocity and the echo time. After the analog signal generated by the singlechip DAC passes through the current limiting resistor R1, the analog signal is added to the 2 pin of the chip XTR 115; at this time, the 4 pins of the XTR115 can output a current signal, and under the condition of constant current value, the voltage signal can be output by the singlechip to control the current of the current loop, so as to realize two-wire system current signal transmission.

As shown in fig. 6, the alarm module includes a warning lamp and a relay, the grounding end of the warning lamp is connected with the grounding end of the processor, the power supply end of the warning lamp is connected with the normally open contact of the relay, the public end of the relay is connected with the power supply end of the processor, the power supply end and the grounding end of the relay are connected with the power supply end and the grounding end of the corresponding processor, and the signal input end of the relay is connected with the I/O port of the processor.

The function of the alarm module mainly aims at the oil level of the oil conservator, because potential safety hazards exist when the oil level of the oil conservator is too high or too low, the alarm module mainly aims at alarm flickering when the liquid level exceeds a safety position, and the relay is generally provided with an induction mechanism (input part) which can reflect certain input variables (such as current, voltage, power, impedance, frequency, temperature, pressure, speed, light and the like); an actuating mechanism Q (output part) capable of realizing on/off control on a controlled circuit; thus selecting a relay as its element.

There is also an intermediate mechanism between the input and output parts of the relay for coupling isolation of the input quantity, functional processing and driving of the output part. The miniature relay can control the on-off of the relay through the input current (direct current).

The relay is simply a switch, but is different from a switch IN a normal home IN that the relay is a code switch, codes can be used for controlling the relay, VCC represents a positive power supply electrode, GND represents a negative power supply electrode, IN represents a signal input pin (which is usually connected with an IO port of a singlechip), COM represents a public end, NC (normal close) represents a normally closed end, NO (normal open) represents a normally open end, LED GND (white) is connected to the GND of the singlechip, LED VCC is connected to an NO port of the relay, COM port of the relay is connected to VCC of the singlechip, VCC of the relay and GND are correspondingly connected to VCC of the singlechip and an IN port of the GND relay are connected to ports of the singlechip.

As shown in FIG. 7, the display module is an LCD screen and is connected with the I/O port of the processor through an interface circuit.

The LCD is constructed by placing a liquid crystal box in two parallel glass substrates, arranging a TFT on the lower substrate glass, arranging a color filter on the upper substrate glass, and controlling the rotation direction of liquid crystal molecules by changing signals and voltages on the TFT, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling whether polarized light of each pixel point is emergent or not to achieve the display purpose. The main function of the display module can display the measured data value, the working mode code and the like, and the main working principle is that the display module is connected with the I/0 port function of the singlechip through an LCD screen, and then reads and writes the LCD through a program, so that one function of data display is achieved.

Example two

As shown in fig. 6, the present embodiment is obtained by adding technical features such as a triode on the basis of the first embodiment, and other technical features are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same features are not described herein, wherein the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is that: an NPN triode for solving the problem of insufficient driving capability of the pins of the processor and having an isolation function is connected in series between the signal input end of the relay and the I/O port of the processor.

In this embodiment, because the driving capability of the pins of the singlechip is limited, the triode is added to the input end of the relay, so that on one hand, the problem of insufficient driving capability of the pins of the singlechip is solved, on the other hand, a certain isolation effect can be achieved, and the polarity of input can be changed by selecting the triodes with different types, so that high-level control or low-level control can be realized.

The using mode is as shown in fig. 8, the ultrasonic sensor is fixed and attached to the lowest part below the conservator, the processing module outputs an ultrasonic pulse string to the signal transmitting module, and the signal transmitting module drives the ultrasonic sensor to complete ultrasonic transmission; the ultrasonic wave is transmitted into the liquid in the sealed conservator after part of the ultrasonic wave passes through the outer wall of the sealed conservator, continuously propagates upwards, is reflected back after reaching the liquid level, penetrates through the outer wall of the sealed conservator again and is received by the ultrasonic sensor, and the signal receiving module sends the signal to the processing module; the processing module obtains the height of the measured liquid level according to the time difference of ultrasonic crossing the solid-liquid interface, the gas-liquid interface and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic crossing the solid-liquid interface and the gas-liquid interface in the measured liquid, compares the measured liquid level with a set oil level threshold range, and sends the height of the measured liquid level and comparison information to the display module and the alarm module; the height of the measured liquid level is displayed through the display module, and the alarm module alarms when the height of the measured liquid level is not within the set threshold range.

Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. Therefore, while the utility model has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the utility model is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model, which is set forth in the following claims.

Claims (6)

1. Take oil level alarming function's transformer oil pillow oil level ultrasonic monitoring device, characterized by: the system comprises a processing module, a display module, an alarm module, a signal transmitting module and a signal receiving module, wherein the display module, the alarm module, the signal transmitting module and the signal receiving module are connected with the processing module, and the signal receiving module is used for receiving the signal transmitted by the signal transmitting module, wherein:

the signal transmitting module comprises a field effect tube, an ultrasonic probe, a rectifier bridge and a driving transformer, wherein the grid electrode of the field effect tube is connected with an I/O port of the processor, the source electrode of the field effect tube is connected with a ground wire, then the drain electrode of the field effect tube is connected with a first input end of the driving transformer, a second input end of the driving transformer is connected with a power supply end VDD, two output ends of the driving transformer are respectively connected with two input ends of the rectifier bridge, and two output ends of the rectifier bridge are connected with the ultrasonic probe;

the signal receiving module comprises a current limiting resistor, a blocking capacitor and an amplifying circuit, wherein echo signals of the ultrasonic probe enter the amplifying circuit to be amplified after passing through the current limiting resistor and the blocking capacitor, and amplified signals are output to an A/D port of the processor through a collector electrode of the amplifying circuit;

the processing module comprises a processor, a current limiting resistor, an XTR115 chip and a current loop, wherein an analog signal generated by a DAC of the processor is added to a 2 pin of the XTR115 chip after passing through the current limiting resistor; at this time, the 4 pins of the XTR115 chip can output a current signal, and under the condition of constant current value, the voltage signal is output by the processor to control the current of the current loop, so as to realize the two-wire system current signal transmission;

the alarm module comprises an alarm lamp and a relay, wherein the grounding end of the alarm lamp is connected with the grounding end of the processor, the power supply end of the alarm lamp is connected with a normally open contact of the relay, the public end of the relay is connected with the power supply end of the processor, the power supply end and the grounding end of the relay are connected with the power supply end and the grounding end of the corresponding processor, and the signal input end of the relay is connected with an I/O port of the processor.

2. The ultrasonic monitoring device with an oil level alarming function for the transformer oil pillow is characterized in that: the rectifier bridge is a bridge rectifier circuit.

3. The ultrasonic monitoring device with the oil level alarming function for the transformer oil pillow is characterized in that: the amplifying circuit is a three-stage discrete element amplifying circuit.

4. The ultrasonic monitoring device with the oil level alarming function for the transformer oil pillow according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the processor is an MSP430 singlechip.

5. The ultrasonic monitoring device with the oil level alarming function for the transformer oil pillow is characterized in that: an NPN triode for solving the problem of insufficient driving capability of the pins of the processor and having an isolation function is connected in series between the signal input end of the relay and the I/O port of the processor.

6. The ultrasonic monitoring device with the oil level alarming function for the transformer oil pillow is characterized in that: the display module is an LCD screen and is connected with the I/O port of the processor through an interface circuit.