CN219737894U - Optical waveguide display device for increasing field angle and AR display equipment - Google Patents
Optical waveguide display device for increasing field angle and AR display equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN219737894U CN219737894U CN202320418842.3U CN202320418842U CN219737894U CN 219737894 U CN219737894 U CN 219737894U CN 202320418842 U CN202320418842 U CN 202320418842U CN 219737894 U CN219737894 U CN 219737894U
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000006550 Mydriasis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003416 augmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The utility model discloses an optical waveguide display device and AR display equipment for increasing the angle of view, the optical waveguide display device comprises: optical waveguides, protective layers, wedge-shaped reflective structures, and light engines; an entrance pupil area and an exit pupil area are arranged on the optical waveguide; the protective layer is arranged on the back side of the optical waveguide at intervals and is parallel to the optical waveguide; the wedge-shaped reflecting structure is arranged on one side of the protective layer facing the optical waveguide, and the reflecting inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflecting structure corresponds to the entrance pupil area; the light engines are arranged at intervals on the front side of the optical waveguide, and the light source central ray of the light engines is inclined to the front side of the entrance pupil area. The light transmitted out of the optical waveguide after passing through the entrance pupil area is reflected back to the back surface of the entrance pupil area and enters the optical waveguide through the wedge-shaped reflecting structure, and the part of reflected light and the light directly coupled into the optical waveguide from the front surface form a spliced first field angle and a spliced second field angle at the exit pupil area, so that a double-screen display with an increased field angle is formed.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of AR (augmented reality), in particular to an optical waveguide display device for increasing a field angle and AR display equipment.
Background
Augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR for short) is a technology that increases the perception of the real world by a user through information provided by a computer system, and superimposes computer-generated virtual objects, scenes or system hint information into the real scene, thereby realizing the augmentation of reality.
AR head-mounted devices have come to have many schemes for projecting images onto the human eye, including prism display technology, half-mirror display technology, freeform waveguide display technology, mirror array waveguide display technology, diffractive optical waveguide display technology, and the like. The diffraction optical waveguide display technology utilizes diffraction gratings to realize incidence, turning and emergence of light rays, and utilizes the total reflection principle to realize light ray transmission, so that images of the micro-display are transmitted to human eyes, and virtual images are seen. The display component in the diffraction optical waveguide device can be made to be as thin, light, thin and transparent as a common eyeglass lens due to the adoption of the total reflection principle which is the same as that of the optical fiber technology.
The field of view of a typical AR diffractive optical waveguide device is primarily dependent on the field of view of the light engine, the optical waveguide simply magnifying the image element displayed by the light engine, but does not change the angle of view. When a light engine with a large angle of view is used for projection into a diffractive light guide, whether the light guide can display a large field of view image depends on the refractive index of the waveguide material, and the higher the refractive index, the smaller the angle of total reflection of light within the waveguide material, and the larger the angle of view the waveguide material displays. Therefore, high refractive glass is usually used as the waveguide material, but the existing maximum refractive index cannot reach more than 2.0, and the improvement of the angle of view to more than 60 degrees is very difficult.
In order to improve the angle of view, the prior art adopts a multilayer diffraction waveguide superposition mode or adopts a mode of projecting by a plurality of light engines, and the angle of view with any size can be spliced, however, the volume and the weight of the AR headset can be increased, and the difficulty in manufacturing the AR waveguide can be increased by the multilayer waveguide and the plurality of grating modules. Therefore, other solutions are needed to keep the hardware size small and increase the angle of view in the manner of the existing waveguide and a light engine combination display.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an optical waveguide display device and an AR display device for increasing the angle of view, which aim to solve the problem that a scheme for increasing the angle of view while keeping a small hardware volume is difficult to realize by using the existing mode of combining a waveguide with an optical engine for display.
In order to solve the technical problems, the aim of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: provided is an optical waveguide display device for increasing a viewing angle, including:
an optical waveguide provided with an entrance pupil area and an exit pupil area;
the protective layers are arranged on the back side of the optical waveguide at intervals and are parallel to the optical waveguide;
the wedge-shaped reflecting structure is arranged on one side of the protective layer, which faces the optical waveguide, and the reflecting inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflecting structure corresponds to the entrance pupil area;
the light engines are arranged at intervals on the front side of the optical waveguide, and the light source central ray of the light engines is inclined to the front side of the entrance pupil area.
Further, the wedge-shaped reflective structure is spaced from the back side of the optical waveguide.
Further, the wedge-shaped reflective structure comprises one of a mirror and a blazed grating.
Further, the entrance pupil area and the exit pupil area each include one of a diffraction grating, a surface relief grating, and a volume hologram grating.
Further, the light source central ray of the light engine is obliquely incident to the entrance pupil area, and the light source central ray of the light engine is perpendicular to the reflection inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflection structure.
Further, the entrance pupil area has an entrance pupil diameter that is larger than an exit pupil diameter of the light engine.
Further, the entrance pupil area has an entrance pupil diameter that is 1.5-3 times the exit pupil diameter of the light engine.
Further, the reflecting slope of the wedge-shaped reflecting structure is larger than the entrance pupil diameter of the entrance pupil area.
Further, the length of the reflecting inclined plane is 1-3 times of the diameter of the exit pupil of the light engine; the width of the reflecting inclined plane is 1-2 times of the diameter of the exit pupil of the light engine.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides an AR display device, wherein: an optical waveguide display device including the increased angle of view as described above.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an optical waveguide display device for increasing a field angle and an AR display device, wherein the optical waveguide display device comprises: optical waveguides, protective layers, wedge-shaped reflective structures, and light engines; an entrance pupil area and an exit pupil area are arranged on the optical waveguide; the protective layer is arranged on the back side of the optical waveguide at intervals and is parallel to the optical waveguide; the wedge-shaped reflecting structure is arranged on one side of the protective layer facing the optical waveguide, and the reflecting inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflecting structure corresponds to the entrance pupil area; the optical engines are arranged at intervals on the front side of the optical waveguide; the light source center light of the light engine is obliquely incident into the entrance pupil area, and is perpendicular to the reflecting inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflecting structure. According to the embodiment of the utility model, the light transmitted out of the optical waveguide after passing through the entrance pupil area is reflected back to the back surface of the entrance pupil area and enters the optical waveguide through the wedge-shaped reflecting structure, and the part of reflected light and the light source are directly coupled into the optical waveguide in the front surface to form a spliced first view angle and a spliced second view angle at the exit pupil area, so that a double-screen display with an increased view angle is formed, and the problem that the view angle is limited by a display device with single light source input of the optical waveguide is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an optical waveguide display device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an optical waveguide display device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a light waveguide of an optical waveguide display device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a wave vector diagram of an optical waveguide display device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
The figure identifies the description:
10. an optical waveguide; 110. an entrance pupil region; 120. an exit pupil region; 130. a pupil expansion region;
20. an air gap;
30. a protective layer;
40. a wedge-shaped reflective structure;
50. a light engine.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the utility model herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present utility model provides an optical waveguide display device for increasing a viewing angle, including:
an optical waveguide 10 provided with an entrance pupil area 110 and an exit pupil area 120;
a protective layer 30 disposed on the back side of the optical waveguide 10 at intervals and parallel to the optical waveguide 10;
the wedge-shaped reflecting structure 40 is arranged on one side of the protective layer 30 facing the optical waveguide 10, and the reflecting inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflecting structure 40 corresponds to the entrance pupil area 110;
the light engines 50 are arranged at intervals on the front side of the optical waveguide 10, and the central light ray of the light source of the light engines 50 is inclined to the front side of the entrance pupil area 110.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows: a light source with a single color or a color with a certain viewing angle is emitted by the light engine 50, the light source is obliquely incident to the entrance pupil area 110 of the optical waveguide 10, the light source is directly and frontally coupled into the optical waveguide 10 from the front side of the entrance pupil area 110 to perform total reflection, the light source is totally reflected to the expansion pupil area 130, then reaches the exit pupil area 120 through the expansion pupil area 130, and a first viewing angle is formed at the exit pupil area 120; in addition, after the light source is obliquely incident to the entrance pupil area 110 of the optical waveguide 10, the light source is transmitted into the air through the back side of the entrance pupil area 110, that is, is transmitted towards the wedge-shaped reflecting structure 40 on the protective layer 30, is reflected back through the reflecting slope of the wedge-shaped reflecting structure 40, then enters the optical waveguide 10 from the back side of the entrance pupil area 110, is totally reflected to the mydriasis area 130, reaches the exit pupil area 120, and forms a second field angle at the exit pupil area 120; and forming a double-screen image with the view angle larger than that of the light source by superposing the first view angle and the second view angle.
In this embodiment, the wedge-shaped reflecting structure 40 is provided to enable the light source of the single light engine 50 to form two paths of light, no additional light source is required to be added, so that the existing mode of combining the light waveguide 10 and one light engine 50 for display is realized, that is, the view angle is increased while the small hardware volume is maintained, and the new experience of the AR device is increased.
In one embodiment, the wedge-shaped reflective structure 40 and the back side of the optical waveguide 10 leave an air gap 20, i.e. the wedge-shaped reflective structure 40 does not directly contact the optical waveguide 10, and does not affect the total reflection of light within the optical waveguide 10; wherein the wedge-shaped reflective structure 40 may comprise one of a mirror and a blazed grating.
In an embodiment, the entrance pupil area 110 and the exit pupil area 120 each include one of a diffraction grating, a surface relief grating and a volume hologram grating, which have good optical guided wave effects; the present embodiment is preferably a diffraction grating, through which a portion of the light source incident obliquely to the light engine 50 is well coupled directly into the light guide 10, and another portion is directly transmitted into the air for reflection by the wedge-shaped reflective structure 40.
In an embodiment, the light source central ray of the light engine 50 is obliquely incident on the entrance pupil area 110, and the light source central ray of the light engine 50 is perpendicular to the reflecting inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflecting structure 40, that is, the included angle between the reflecting inclined plane and the surface of the optical waveguide 10 is equal to the included angle between the light source central ray and the perpendicular to the surface of the waveguide, so that the light source central ray can return to the back surface of the entrance pupil area 110 after being reflected by the reflecting inclined plane;
in an embodiment, the entrance pupil area 110 has an entrance pupil diameter larger than the exit pupil diameter of the light engine 50, specifically, the entrance pupil diameter of the entrance pupil area 110 may be 1.5-3 times the exit pupil diameter of the light engine 50, so that the light directly emitted by the light source and the light reflected by the wedge-shaped reflecting structure 40 can enter the grating of the entrance pupil area 110.
In one embodiment, the reflective slope of wedge-shaped reflective structure 40 is greater than the entrance pupil diameter of entrance pupil region 110; specifically, the length of the reflection slope is 1 to 3 times the entrance pupil diameter of the entrance pupil region 110; the width of the incident slope is 1-2 times the entrance pupil diameter of the entrance pupil region 110; this allows light transmitted by the light source through the entrance pupil area 110 to be reflected back into the entrance pupil area 110, it being understood that the above-mentioned diameter factor is a preferred embodiment, and that the specific diameter factor may be adjusted according to the actual situation.
Described in more detail below in conjunction with fig. 3:
the light engine 50 provides a light source IN1 with a view angle A, and enters the entrance pupil area 110 of the optical waveguide 10 IN a direction of inclined angle B between the central light L0 of the light source and the vertical line of the surface of the optical waveguide 10; the grating of the entrance pupil area 110 diffracts a part of the light source into the optical waveguide 10, totally reflects in the optical waveguide 10 to the pupil expansion area 130 and then reaches the exit pupil area 120, and outputs an image OUT1 with the angle of view being A; the light of the other part of light source is transmitted to a reflection inclined plane perpendicular to the light of the center of the light source after passing through the entrance pupil area 110, the reflection inclined plane reflects the transmitted light back to the entrance pupil area 110, the reflected light source IN2 is totally reflected IN the light waveguide 10 to the expanded pupil area 130 and then to the exit pupil area 120 after being diffracted by the entrance pupil area 110, and an image OUT2 with the angle of view being A is output; the light directions of the image OUT1 and the image OUT2 are symmetrical and not coincident with respect to the surface perpendicular of the optical waveguide 10, IN this case, seamless and non-coincident double-screen large-view-field images can be spliced, and the view angle C formed by overlapping the image OUT1 and the image OUT2 is larger than the view angle of the input light source IN1, namely A is smaller than C and is smaller than or equal to 2A.
Described in more detail below in conjunction with fig. 4:
the light source IN1 of a certain color generated by the light engine 50 comprises all the propagation light rays within a certain angle range, namely, the angle of view (FOV) of the light engine 50, and the light source IN2 reflected by the wedge-shaped reflecting structure 40 has the same angle of view as IN 1; BND1 represents a first boundary for meeting the Total Internal Reflection (TIR) criteria in optical waveguide 10; BND2 represents a second boundary of the maximum wave vector in optical waveguide 10; the maximum wave vector may be determined by the refractive index of the optical waveguide 10; only when the wave vector of the light is in the ZONE1 between the first boundary BND1 and the second boundary BND2, the light can be waveguided in the optical waveguide 10. If the wave vector of the light is outside the ZONE1, the light may leak out of the waveguide plate or not propagate at all.
Light source IN1 enters optical waveguide 10 from region BOX0a, and is directed IN the positive direction of ky to the right of light vector direction V11 IN optical waveguide 10, wherein the wave vector of the conducted light B1a is IN region BOX1a, the conducted light B1a is directed IN the direction V21, the wave vector is IN region BOX2a, the conducted light B2a is directed IN the direction V31, the wave vector is IN region BOX3a, and image OUT1 is finally output; according to the waveguide theory, paths of three wave vectors V11, V21 and V31 in the waveguide are closed loops, so that the symmetrical relation between the input and output of the waveguide can be ensured.
Light source IN2 enters the waveguide from region BOX0B, and is directed IN the positive direction of ky to the right of the light vector direction V12 IN the optical waveguide 10, wherein the wave vector of the conducted light B1B is IN region BOX1B, the conducted light B1B is directed IN the direction V22, the wave vector is IN region BOX2B, the conducted light B2B is directed IN the direction V32, the wave vector is IN region BOX3B, and the image OUT2 is finally output; the paths of the three wave vectors V12, V22 and V32 in the waveguide are also required to be closed loops. And finally, outputting an image, wherein the image OUT1 is displayed in a first area of a total picture, the image OUT2 is displayed in a second area of the total picture, and pictures of the image OUT1 and the image OUT2 are spliced seamlessly and are not completely overlapped, so that double-screen display with an increased field angle is formed.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides an AR display device, wherein: an optical waveguide display device including the increased angle of view as described above.
While the utility model has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An optical waveguide display device for increasing a viewing angle, comprising:
an optical waveguide provided with an entrance pupil area and an exit pupil area;
the protective layers are arranged on the back side of the optical waveguide at intervals and are parallel to the optical waveguide;
the wedge-shaped reflecting structure is arranged on one side of the protective layer, which faces the optical waveguide, and the reflecting inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflecting structure corresponds to the entrance pupil area;
the light engines are arranged at intervals on the front side of the optical waveguide, and the light source central ray of the light engines is inclined to the front side of the entrance pupil area.
2. The increased field of view optical waveguide display device of claim 1, wherein: the wedge-shaped reflecting structure is spaced from the back side of the optical waveguide.
3. The increased field of view optical waveguide display device of claim 1, wherein: the wedge-shaped reflective structure comprises one of a mirror and a blazed grating.
4. The optical waveguide display apparatus for increasing a viewing angle according to claim 3, wherein: the entrance pupil area and the exit pupil area comprise one of a diffraction grating, a surface relief grating and a volume holographic grating.
5. The increased field of view optical waveguide display device of claim 1, wherein: the light source central light ray of the light engine is obliquely incident into the entrance pupil area, and the light source central light ray of the light engine is perpendicular to the reflection inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflection structure.
6. The increased field of view optical waveguide display device of claim 1, wherein: the entrance pupil area has an entrance pupil diameter that is larger than an exit pupil diameter of the light engine.
7. The increased field of view optical waveguide display device of claim 6, wherein: the entrance pupil diameter of the entrance pupil area is 1.5-3 times of the exit pupil diameter of the light engine.
8. The increased field of view optical waveguide display device of claim 1, wherein: the reflection inclined plane of the wedge-shaped reflection structure is larger than the entrance pupil diameter of the entrance pupil area.
9. The increased field of view optical waveguide display device of claim 8, wherein: the length of the reflecting inclined plane is 1-3 times of the entrance pupil diameter of the entrance pupil area; the width of the reflection inclined plane is 1-2 times of the entrance pupil diameter of the entrance pupil area.
10. An AR display device, characterized by: an optical waveguide display device comprising an increased field of view according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320418842.3U CN219737894U (en) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Optical waveguide display device for increasing field angle and AR display equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320418842.3U CN219737894U (en) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Optical waveguide display device for increasing field angle and AR display equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN219737894U true CN219737894U (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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| CN202320418842.3U Active CN219737894U (en) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Optical waveguide display device for increasing field angle and AR display equipment |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN219737894U (en) |
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