CN219460229U - Full-automatic sorting system for quality grading and defective product removal of large yellow croaker - Google Patents
Full-automatic sorting system for quality grading and defective product removal of large yellow croaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN219460229U CN219460229U CN202320914680.2U CN202320914680U CN219460229U CN 219460229 U CN219460229 U CN 219460229U CN 202320914680 U CN202320914680 U CN 202320914680U CN 219460229 U CN219460229 U CN 219460229U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a full-automatic sorting system for grading the quality of large yellow croaker and removing defective products, which comprises a lifting and conveying device, a dispersing device, a guiding device, a removing device, a weight detecting device and a grading device; and a controller, a first detection element for detecting fish body information of the fish body in the residual time such as deformity, defect, ulceration, obesity and the like of the fish body and a second detection element for detecting fish body length information of the normal fish body are arranged between the guide device and the removing device, the first detection element sends detection signals to the controller after detecting the fish in the residual time, the controller sends signals for driving the removing device to remove the fish in the residual time to the removing device, and the controller receives the detection signals and then sends signals for automatically sorting fish bodies with different fullness standards to the grading device according to the set quality grading standard of the large yellow croaker. Really realizes the purposes of saving labor and improving efficiency and quality in industrialized application, and has important significance for the development of mariculture technology.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of fish culture processing, in particular to a full-automatic sorting system for quality grading and defective product removal of large yellow croakers.
Background
The large yellow croaker is commonly called yellow croaker, yellow croaker and large fresh, is one of the traditional four marine products in China, and is always regarded as a high-grade marine product in China because of delicious meat quality and rich nutrition. The distribution is mainly carried out on coasts of offshore China, south of yellow sea from north, coasts of east China, taiwan strait, and coasts of east China to peninsula of south China sea, and has distribution. Therefore, it is called as national fish. But in recent years, large yellow croaker resources in China are severely degenerated and nearly exhausted due to excessive fishing and unreasonable utilization of fishery resources. In the middle nineties, the breeding of the large yellow croakers breaks through the bait and the technical difficulties, and promotes the development of the breeding technology of the large yellow croakers. With the development of large yellow croaker farming and the further expansion of the economic scale of marine fishery, particularly in recent years, the rapid development of novel marine farming such as marine pastures, deep sea farming boats and the like further realizes the purpose of stable and continuous growth of aquatic resources as the basis of fishery production.
With the rapid development of aquaculture technology, the large yellow croaker aquaculture industry also exposes some new problems. For example, after large yellow croaker is caught, the quality classification of the large yellow croaker is an important link as the processing pretreatment, the classification of the large yellow croaker after the catching mainly comprises two types of manual classification and machine classification, and the manual classification mainly separates large and small fishes by manual observation; the fish is poured into the separating box through the separating box with fixed grating spacing, the fish smaller than the grating spacing falls into a special container through the grating, the fish which cannot pass through the separating box is put into other containers, most of domestic fishing boats and small and medium-sized processing enterprises adopt manual classification operation, but the labor intensity is high, the classification is rough, for large-scale fishing boats, the manual sorting time is long and the speed is low due to large capturing amount, the fish is easy to deteriorate and has to be thrown away, and the manual classification has great damage to the fish body, so that the economic benefit is reduced, and the fishery resources are seriously wasted. Particularly, for large yellow croaker, the large yellow croaker is elongated in body type, the tail handle is slender and beautiful, and the large yellow croaker with different body type characteristics has obvious price and market acceptance difference. In the processing process, the body type and the weight are required to be judged and classified. The mode that mainly adopts now is artificial to judge, and subjectivity is stronger, and accuracy and standardization level are lower, can't satisfy batch processing's requirement, in order to be convenient for catch fish subsequent processing after, need carry out the quality classification and replace the manual work through automatic machine letter sorting, screening. At present, the related patent technology for automatic quality classification and sorting of products such as fish, poultry, fruits, vegetables and the like is as follows:
CN102500557a discloses a rapid sorting mechanism for large yellow croaker, comprising a roller conveyor belt with a power roller connected with an output shaft of a motor via a belt, wherein: the tail end of the roller type conveyor belt is provided with a weighing mechanism; the weighing mechanism is provided with an inclined weighing groove, and a free rolling shaft is arranged at the bottom of the weighing groove; the lower side of the weighing groove is connected with a platform scale capable of acquiring the load data of the weighing groove; a classifier which can perform sorting action according to the platform scale signal is arranged near the tail end of the weighing groove. The power roller rotates under the traction of the belt, and can accelerate the fish body placed on the power roller, so that the fish body has a certain initial speed and can enter the inclined weighing groove to slide at a constant speed. The fish body slides out of the tail end of the weighing groove after sliding at a constant speed in the weighing groove and can just freely fall into the selecting cylinder at the upper part of the sorter.
CN102029261a discloses a belt type weight classifier, which consists of four main parts of a feeding whole column machine, an automatic weight checking scale, a belt type classifier and an electric appliance control device, wherein the feeding whole column machine is arranged on one side of the automatic weight checking scale, the belt type classifier is arranged on the other side of one side of the automatic weight checking scale, the feeding whole column machine, the automatic weight checking scale and the belt type classifier are sequentially arranged, and the electric appliance control device is connected with the feeding whole column machine, the automatic weight checking scale and the belt type classifier.
CN107258867a is a vibration classifier for processing large yellow croaker, comprising an eccentric wheel mechanical vibration device, a cylindrical material receiving device, a classifying tank body for distinguishing small, medium and large specifications and a corresponding blanking conveyor; the directional and grading long groove body is sequentially provided with a fish body head-tail directional section groove body, a fish body rotating side vertical downward inclination slideway section groove body, a fish body side vertical sliding section U-shaped groove body, a small-specification fish body grading section groove body, a middle-specification fish body grading section groove body and a large-specification fish body grading section groove body; the front ends of the cylindrical receiver and the directional and grading elongated slot bodies are connected with a gap, raw material fishes slide into the directional and grading elongated slot bodies under the combined action of the rotary tray and the vibrating device after being fed into the cylindrical receiver, so that the head of the fish bodies can horizontally move forwards on the back side, the fish bodies can vertically slide on the side without overlapping and step by step, and the fish bodies can respectively fall into the lower-placed corresponding small-medium-large fish body blanking conveyor when being arranged through the small-medium-large-specification fish body grading slot bodies, thereby realizing multi-specification grading treatment of large yellow croakers in batches.
CN110841935a discloses a method and device for classifying and sorting the weight of living eel based on machine vision, the device comprises a conveying system, a photographing weight measuring system and a sorting system; the conveying system comprises a trough and a chute, the photographing weight measuring system comprises a light-transmitting sliding plate, a camera support, a backlight source and a processor, and the sorting system comprises a dispenser, a dispenser driving motor, a sorting box body and a conveying belt.
CN105195442a is a freshwater fish freshness grading system based on machine vision, comprising an industrial computer (1) and a grading conveying table; a head laser counting sensor (2), an industrial camera (3) and an LED light source (4) are arranged at the starting end of the grading conveying table, a jet gas path is further arranged along the conveying direction of the grading conveying table, a plurality of nozzles which are equal to the grading level of the freshness of the freshwater fish are sequentially arranged at the positions, corresponding to the grading conveying table, on the jet gas path, of each nozzle, the opening and the closing of each nozzle are controlled by a corresponding electromagnetic valve, and a corresponding grading laser counting sensor is arranged in front of each nozzle; when the head laser counting sensor (2) senses the freshwater fish conveyed on the grading conveying table, the industrial camera (3) starts shooting; on the grading conveying table, the freshwater fish is blown off by the nozzles at the corresponding positions and collected in a classified manner; the head laser counting sensor (2), the industrial camera (3), the LED light source (4), the electromagnetic valve and the grading laser counting sensor are all connected with an industrial computer through signals.
As is clear from the description of the above patent documents, the problems of low efficiency, poor classification accuracy, high working strength and the like of the conventional manual classification of fish, poultry, fruits and the like including large yellow croaker have been solved by means of mechanical automatic classification including machine vision, but some defects still remain. For example, the main means of the existing automatic fish grading equipment is grading by weight or rough grading by fish body, and the effect of realizing automatic grading of fish quality, improving efficiency, saving labor and reducing working strength is achieved. However, according to the requirements related to the food science and technology society standard T/SDIFST 0001-2022 "quality grading evaluation rule for feed cultured Large yellow croaker", the large yellow croaker is classified into a super grade, a superior grade and a first grade according to the different physical and chemical indexes by grading the high-quality large yellow croaker on the basis of conforming to the first grade in SC/T3101. The physical and chemical indexes of the large yellow croaker are important grading indexes in the sorting process, and the large yellow croaker quality grade obtained through comprehensive evaluation of the three items of appearance, physical length, physical height and fullness is the most accurate. The existing fish quality grading equipment is graded from the angle of weight, and according to the requirement of the evaluation rule, the quality grading standard recorded by the T/SDIFST 0001-2022 evaluation rule cannot be achieved only by taking the weight into consideration, that is, the quality can not be precisely graded, even if the grading is carried out from the body type by adopting structures such as groove bodies with different sizes, the grading is only rough, the requirement of precise grading cannot be achieved, the problem of fish accumulation exists in a sliding mode in the continuous conveying process, the automation process is unsmooth, the automatic processing precision, the efficiency and the marketing are directly influenced, the manual participation degree is high in the grading process, for example, the fishes are required to be put on a conveying belt or weighing equipment one by one, the working strength is still high, and the labor cost is high. In addition, the large yellow croaker has a certain number of defective fish in the processing process, and is mainly characterized by deformity, fish body defect, ulceration, obesity and the like, manual elimination is needed to ensure the product quality, but the manual screening workload is large, and the accuracy is greatly influenced by personnel experience, accountability and the like. At present, regarding the problem of defective product elimination, no relevant means for solving the problem is disclosed in the existing quality classification equipment.
In summary, although the current automatic classification device achieves the purpose of automatic classification, the classification standard required by the national standard still cannot be met. That is, the existing fish classifying and sorting equipment cannot solve the problems actually existing at present in terms of efficiency, working strength and classification accuracy. Therefore, how to solve the problems of reducing labor cost, improving grading efficiency, grading accuracy and the like in the grading process of the large yellow croaker and improve the economic benefit of the large yellow croaker becomes a difficult problem to be solved by the technicians in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide the full-automatic sorting system for classifying the large yellow croaker quality and rejecting defective products, which can effectively reduce labor cost and improve classification efficiency and simultaneously can greatly improve classification accuracy.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a full-automatic sorting system for classifying the quality of large yellow croaker and removing defective products comprises a lifting and conveying device for continuously conveying large yellow croaker to be sorted and processed, and further comprises:
the dispersing device is used for conveying the large yellow croaker in the aggregation form which is lifted and conveyed and rapidly spreading the large yellow croaker in the aggregation form in the conveying process;
The guide device is used for dynamically adjusting the quickly-unfolded large yellow croaker to be directionally ordered along the conveying direction in the conveying process;
the removing device is used for removing defective fish existing in the directional ordering large yellow croaker;
the weight detection device is used for weighing the single large yellow croaker in the directional sequencing;
the grading device is used for automatically sorting the quality of the large yellow croaker according to different fertilizer fullness conditions;
and a controller, a first detection element for detecting the information of the fish bodies of the residual fishes such as deformity, defect, ulceration, obesity and the like of the fish bodies and a second detection element for detecting the length information of the normal fish bodies are arranged between the guide device and the removing device, the first detection element sends a detection signal to the controller after detecting the residual fishes, the controller receives the detection signal and then sends a signal for driving the removing device to remove the residual fishes to the removing device, the weight detection device and the second detection element respectively send a weight detection signal and a length detection signal to the controller after detecting the weight and the length of the fish bodies, and the controller receives the detection signal and then sends a signal for automatically sorting the fish bodies with different weight and fullness standards to the grading device according to the set quality grading standard of the large yellow croaker.
The full-automatic sorting system for grading the quality of the large yellow croaker and removing the defective products further comprises a fish body image acquisition module, an image information transmission module, an image information conversion module, an image comparison analysis module, a signal output module and a large yellow croaker standard type database for comparing, analyzing and evaluating the standard of the defective fish, which are connected with the controller through signals, and a large yellow croaker standard grade database for comparing, analyzing and evaluating the quality of the qualified fish, which is connected with the controller through signals, wherein the fish body weight acquisition module, the weight information transmission module, the fish body length image acquisition module, the image information transmission module, the fullness calculation module, the information comparison analysis module and the signal output module are used for realizing sorting the standard grade of the large yellow croaker.
According to the fully-automatic sorting system for classifying the large yellow croaker quality and removing the defective products, the removing device and the weight detecting device are respectively provided with the shifting device for carrying out auxiliary conveying on the normal fish body and the fish body after weight detection, the first detecting element sends a signal to the controller after detecting the normal fish body, the controller receives the signal and then sends a signal for stopping removing to the removing device, meanwhile, the controller sends a signal for driving the shifting device to shift the normal fish body to the weight detecting device to the shifting device, the weight detecting device sends a signal to the controller after finishing weight detection, and the controller receives the signal and then sends a signal for driving the shifting device to shift the normal fish body to the classifying device to the shifting device.
According to the full-automatic sorting system for classifying the quality of the large yellow croakers and removing the defective products, the dispersing device comprises the groups of conveying belts which are continuously arranged along the conveying direction of the large yellow croakers to be sorted and are connected end to end, each group of conveying belts consists of two rotating rollers and conveying belts paved between the two rotating rollers, the conveying speed of each group of conveying belts along the conveying direction is gradually increased, and a dispersing area for rapidly separating the piled large yellow croakers to be sorted is formed at the joint of the two adjacent groups of conveying belts.
According to the fully-automatic sorting system for grading the quality of the large yellow croaker and removing the defective products, the guide device comprises the conveying plate which is obliquely arranged downwards along the output end of the dispersing device, a plurality of guide grooves are formed in the conveying plate in parallel along the oblique direction, sliding channels allowing single fish bodies to pass through are formed between the adjacent guide grooves, and the guide grooves are respectively and synchronously stretched upwards to adjust the directional sorting of the fish bodies and drive the fish bodies to respectively enter the adjusting mechanisms of the sliding channels.
According to the full-automatic sorting system for grading the quality of the large yellow croaker and removing defective products, the adjusting mechanism comprises the adjusting plates which are vertically and telescopically arranged along the guide grooves respectively, and the eccentric turntables which drive the adjusting plates to synchronously and telescopically reciprocate respectively, a connecting rod which drives the adjusting plates to vertically and telescopically reciprocate when the eccentric turntables rotate is arranged between the adjusting plates and the eccentric turntables, the top of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the adjusting plates, the bottom of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the eccentric turntables, and each eccentric turntable is connected with the power device through belt transmission or chain transmission.
According to the full-automatic sorting system for grading the quality of the large yellow croaker and removing the defective products, the removing device comprises the conveying belt for continuously conveying the large yellow croaker subjected to directional sorting, the conveying belt comprises the horizontal conveying part connected with the output end of the guiding device and the inclined conveying part arranged downwards, the output end of the inclined conveying part is provided with the supporting platform for receiving the large yellow croaker, the supporting platform is provided with the plate body which is downwards opened to drain the defective fish and the servo cylinder for driving the plate body to rotate, the servo cylinder is connected with the plate body through the push-pull rod, the first detecting element is arranged on the upper portion of the horizontal conveying part, and the controller is used for sending a signal for driving the plate body to be opened to drain the defective fish to the servo cylinder after receiving the detecting signal.
The weight detection device comprises a conveying belt connected with the output end of the removing device, a weighing device is arranged on the conveying belt, the weighing device is electrically connected with the controller through signals, the first detection element and the second detection element are industrial cameras, the first detection element is electrically connected with the fish body image acquisition module, and the second detection element is electrically connected with the fish body length image acquisition module.
The automatic sorting system for classifying the quality of the large yellow croaker and removing the defective products comprises a supporting frame arranged on two sides of a conveying belt, a rotating shaft which is identical to the moving direction of the conveying belt and a component which rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft are arranged on the supporting frame, a servo motor which drives the component to rotate is connected to the rotating shaft, at least one shifting piece which is used for rotationally shifting the large yellow croaker on the conveying belt is arranged on the component, an elastic adjusting layer which is used for protecting fish scratches and adapting to fish bodies of different specifications is arranged at the lower end of the shifting piece, and the controller sends a driving signal to the servo motor.
The grading device comprises the telescopic cylinders which are sequentially arranged on two sides of the conveying belt along the conveying direction of the conveying belt according to the set grading standard of the quality of the large yellow croaker, push plates for pushing the large yellow croaker away from the conveying belt are arranged on telescopic rods of the telescopic cylinders, conveying components which correspond to the telescopic cylinders and are used for respectively and further conveying the large yellow croaker which is sequentially pushed away are respectively arranged on two sides of the conveying belt, and the controller receives detection signals and then respectively sends signals for automatically sorting fish bodies with different fullness standards to the telescopic cylinders according to the set grading standard of the quality of the large yellow croaker.
The full-automatic sorting system for classifying the quality of the large yellow croaker and removing defective products has the advantages that: the dispersing device utilizes the principle of 'roller drafting' of fiber strips in the textile field, and can rapidly spread a large amount of raw fish by utilizing speed difference, thereby realizing the problem of low weighing efficiency of manual single placement in the past. The guiding device is matched with the dispersing device, so that the dispersed raw material fishes can be quickly and automatically orderly arranged, and the raw material fishes are guided to enter each processing channel in random sequence, so that the aim of single automatic treatment of a plurality of raw material fishes is fulfilled, the efficient sorting and grading effect is realized, the guiding device can avoid damage to the fish bodies, and the quality of the large yellow croaker is ensured not to be damaged. The removing device achieves the aim of removing the defective fish in advance before grading, which is an innovation in the current large yellow croaker grading field, and greatly improves the grading precision. The utility model utilizes the 'full-scale standard' of comprehensive judgment of weight and body length, combines machine vision with mechanical structure, and realizes the automatic high-precision grading purpose from fishing to final grading of large yellow croakers. The inventive concept of "on-off-on" is adopted, namely: and conveying the large yellow croakers to be classified to a dispersing device through a lifting conveyor or other conveying equipment, classifying the piled large yellow croakers through the dispersing device, carrying out single strip removal and weighing, and then merging to carry out single strip full-length detection, thereby realizing the high-efficiency purpose of multi-channel simultaneous treatment. Compared with the traditional grading mode, the utility model does not damage the fish body and has better guarantee on the quality of the fish. The utility model gives consideration to the rejecting function of the defective large yellow croaker. The automatic screening device is mainly used for automatic screening in the processing process of large yellow croaker. Automatic sorting and defective product removal before large yellow croaker processing are realized, the sorting standardization degree is higher, the sorting precision is higher, the defective product removal accuracy is higher, and the labor cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of the dispersing device;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of the portion A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the guide of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the adjusting mechanism in the guide;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the removing device;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the connection structure of the weight detecting device and the classifying device;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the toggle device;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction, be configured and operated in the specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "provided," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1:
as shown in figure 1, the full-automatic sorting system for classifying the quality of the large yellow croaker and removing defective products comprises a lifting and conveying device for continuously conveying the large yellow croaker to be sorted and processed, and a dispersing device 1 for conveying the large yellow croaker in a lifted and conveyed aggregation form and rapidly spreading the large yellow croaker in the aggregation form in the conveying process; a guiding device 2 for dynamically adjusting the rapidly spread large yellow croaker to be directionally ordered along the conveying direction in the conveying process; a removing device 3 for removing defective fish existing in the directional-ordered large yellow croaker; a weight detecting device 4 for weighing the single large yellow croaker in the directional sequencing; a grading device 5 for automatically sorting the quality of the large yellow croaker according to different fertilizer fullness conditions. And a controller, a first detection element 6 for detecting the fish body information of the residual fish such as deformity, defect, ulceration, obesity and the like of the fish body and a second detection element 7 for detecting the length information of the normal fish body are arranged between the guide device 2 and the removing device 3, the first detection element 6 and the second detection element 7 are industrial cameras, and CCD or CMOS can be selected according to the image information acquisition requirements of actual pixels, video capturing speed and the like. In this embodiment, the lifting and conveying device may be implemented by a conventional lifting and conveying device for conveying the captured large yellow croaker to the dispersing device, and this technology is known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
When the first detecting element 6 detects the surface characteristics of the defective fish, the controller sends a detecting signal to the controller, the controller receives the detecting signal and then sends a signal for driving the removing device 3 to remove the defective fish to the removing device 3, and the weight detecting device 4 and the second detecting element 7 detect the weight and the length of the fish body respectivelyAnd sending a weight detection signal and a body length detection signal to a controller, and sending a signal for automatically sorting fish bodies with different fullness standards to a grading device 5 according to the set quality grading standard of the large yellow croaker after the controller receives the detection signals. The utility model also comprises a fish body image acquisition module, an image information transmission module, an image information conversion module, an image comparison analysis module, a signal output module, a large yellow croaker standard body type database, a fish body weight acquisition module, a weight information transmission module, a fish body length image acquisition module, an image information transmission module, a fullness calculation module, an information comparison analysis module, a signal output module and a large yellow croaker standard grade database, wherein the fish body image acquisition module, the image information transmission module, the image information conversion module, the image comparison analysis module, the signal output module and the large yellow croaker standard body type database are connected with the controller in a signal manner, and the large yellow croaker standard grade database is connected with the controller in a signal manner and is used for realizing the sorting of the large yellow croaker standard grades. The large yellow croaker standard type database utilizes a pre-established large yellow croaker data model with normal type, and a fault-tolerant data compatible system is added, so that the controller can quickly judge whether the detected large yellow croaker belongs to the large yellow croaker model with normal type within a certain range of the large yellow croaker model with normal type through the graph comparison analysis module, and the information is output to the removing device 3 through the signal output module. During the classification process, the fullness condition (fullness=body weight/body length 3 ) The full-scale is less than 1.4, the quality is judged to be high-grade, 1.4-1.8 is a genuine product, and more than 1.8 is a defective product. The grading standard is established to form a large yellow croaker standard grade database, the controller obtains corresponding data through calculation of the fish body weight and the fish body length information obtained by the fish body weight acquisition module, the weight information transmission module, the fish body length image acquisition module and the image information transmission module by using the fullness calculation module, the data is compared with the database model data by the information comparison analysis module, signals of which grade the data belong to are given, and the information is output to the grading device 5 by the signal output module.
The controller used in this embodiment is a PLC controller. For the convenience of production management, a display terminal for displaying production data information such as the quantity parameter information of the large yellow croaker, the defective products, the grades, the quantity of fish bodies and the like can be also installed.
As shown in fig. 2, the dispersing device 2 comprises a plurality of groups of conveyor belts 8 which are continuously arranged along the conveying direction of the large yellow croaker to be sorted and are connected end to end, each group of conveyor belts 8 consists of two rotating rollers 9 and a conveyor belt 10 paved between the two rotating rollers, the conveying speed of each group of conveyor belts 8 along the conveying direction is gradually increased, and a dispersing area 11 for rapidly separating piled large yellow croaker to be sorted is formed at the joint of the two adjacent groups of conveyor belts 8. The dispersing device 2 uses the principle of speed difference to apply the 'drafting' inspiration in the fiber processing process to the utility model, and forms the speed difference at the phase position of two adjacent groups of conveying belts, so that the distance between the large yellow croaker and the fish body of the large yellow croaker can be rapidly separated after the large yellow croaker enters a dispersing area, and the dispersing effect is achieved. The rotating roller 9 is driven by a transmission system such as a motor and a speed reducer, which is the prior art. In order to achieve a better dispersion effect, the setting angles of the conveyor belts 8 of each group are gradually set up from the first group in an upward inclined manner, so that the conveyor belts 8 are subjected to a reverse gravity component force when the fish body is conveyed to the dispersion area 11, and the conveying speed of the conveyor belts 8 of the previous group acting on the fish body can be properly reduced. Of course, the materials of the conveyor belts 8 from the first group to the last group may be selected, and the friction coefficient of the conveyor belt 10 from the first group to the last group is gradually increased on the premise that the conveyor belts 8 of each group are gradually inclined upwards by a certain angle by taking the friction coefficient as a selection standard. The material can be selected from the materials which are conventionally used for increasing the friction coefficient, the fish bodies on the first groups of conveyor belts 8 are in a state of slight skidding on the conveyor belt 10 due to the small relative friction coefficient, and the fish bodies can be dispersed in the conveying process, so that the gathered fish bodies can be dispersed better when passing through the dispersing area 11. The setting width of the dispersing area 11 can be adaptively adjusted according to the body length of the large yellow croaker. 4 groups are arranged, the first group of conveying speeds is arranged at 0.5 m/s, 0.8 m/s, 1.2 m/s and 1.5 m/s, and the length of each group of conveying belts 8 is arranged in the principle of 'long-short-long', namely: the first group is provided with a long distance, the second group and the third group are provided with a short distance, and the fourth group is provided with a long distance. The distance between each group of conveyor belts 8 can be flexibly set according to the conveying speed of each group of conveyor belts 8 and the space size of a processing workshop or a processing area. The four parts of the inclination angle, the friction coefficient, the conveying distance and the conveying speed are reasonably matched, so that the rapid and automatic dispersion of piled and gathered large yellow croaker is realized, and convenience is provided for subsequent processing. Becomes one of the most critical processes of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to improve the dispersion effect, the fish body is prevented from being blocked and blocked in the dispersion area, the fish body is prevented from being damaged due to the clamping in the dispersion area 11, a transition device for supporting and conveying the fish body is arranged in the dispersion area 11, and the transition device comprises a supporting plate 12 horizontally arranged in the dispersion area 11 and a rod body 13 for fixing the supporting plate 12. In the actual installation process, the length of the dispersing area 11 is determined by the width of the conveying belt 10, the width is determined and adjusted by the length, the body shape and other information of specific large yellow croakers, and when the large yellow croakers reach the dispersing area 11, the head and the tail of the large yellow croakers can quickly enter the next conveying belt 10 in the auxiliary process of the supporting plate through filling of the supporting plate, so that the auxiliary dispersing and protecting effects are achieved.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the guiding device 2 comprises a conveying plate 15 which is obliquely arranged downwards along the output end 14 of the dispersing device 1, a plurality of guiding grooves 16 are arranged on the conveying plate 15 in parallel along the oblique direction, sliding channels 17 which allow single fish bodies to pass through are formed between the adjacent guiding grooves 16, and adjusting mechanisms which synchronously and reciprocally adjust the directional ordering of the fish bodies upwards along the guiding grooves 16 respectively and drive the fish bodies to enter the sliding channels 17 respectively. The adjusting mechanism comprises adjusting plates 18 which are vertically and telescopically arranged along the guide grooves 16 respectively, and eccentric turntables 19 which respectively drive the adjusting plates 18 to synchronously and telescopically reciprocate, a connecting rod 20 which drives the adjusting plates 18 to vertically and telescopically reciprocate when the eccentric turntables 19 rotate is arranged between the adjusting plates 18 and the eccentric turntables 19, the top of the connecting rod 20 is rotationally connected with the adjusting plates 18, the bottom of the connecting rod 20 is rotationally connected with the eccentric turntables 19, and each eccentric turntable 19 is connected with a power device through belt transmission or chain transmission. The power device can be matched with a common alternating current asynchronous motor or a servo motor and a speed reducer, the transmission technology is the prior art, the explanation is not needed, and the transmission technology can be reasonably selected according to specific needs in practical application. The downward inclined conveying plate 15 and the vertical telescopic adjusting plate 18 can carry out quick sequential arrangement on the large yellow croaker after the large yellow croaker reaches the conveying plate, and the large yellow croaker is dispersed in the early stage, so that the situation of crowding does not occur. And the fish body is in the inclined position when contacting the regulating plate 18, the weight center of the fish body is close to the vertical regulating plate 18, and the fish body is orderly tidied more easily.
As shown in fig. 6, the removing device 3 comprises a plurality of conveying belts 21 which are respectively corresponding to the guide channels 17 and are used for continuously conveying the directional ordered large yellow croakers, the conveying belts 21 comprise a horizontal conveying part 22 connected with the output end of the guide device 2 and an inclined conveying part 23 which is arranged downwards, a supporting platform 24 for supporting the large yellow croakers is arranged at the output end of the inclined conveying part 23, a plate body 25 which is opened downwards and leaks the defective fish is arranged on the supporting platform 24, a servo cylinder 26 which drives the plate body 25 to rotate is arranged on the supporting platform 24, the servo cylinder 26 is connected with the plate body 25 through a push-pull rod 27, a first detection element 6 is arranged at the upper part of the horizontal conveying part 23, and a controller is used for sending a signal for driving the plate body 25 to open and leak the defective fish to the servo cylinder 26 after receiving the detection signal. In the structure for driving the plate body 25 to be opened and closed, a sliding groove 28 and a sliding block 29 are arranged on equipment, the sliding block 29 is arranged in the sliding groove 28 and can slide in the sliding groove 28, one end of a push-pull rod 27 is hinged with the plate body 25, the other end of the push-pull rod is hinged with the sliding block 29, one end of the plate body 25 is hinged with a supporting platform 24, a piston rod of a servo cylinder 26 is connected with the sliding block 29, the sliding block 29 is driven to slide back and forth in the sliding groove 28 through the expansion of the piston rod, and the sliding rod 27 is driven to drive the plate body 25 to realize automatic and rapid opening and closing by the reciprocating movement of the sliding block 28. A conveyor belt 30 is installed below the support platform 24 to transport the leaked stump to the corresponding area in time.
As shown in fig. 7, the weight detecting device 4 includes a conveyor belt 31 connected to the output end of the rejecting device 3, a weighing device 32 is provided on the conveyor belt 31, the weighing device 32 is electrically connected to the controller through a signal, the first detecting element 6 is electrically connected to the fish body image acquisition module, and the second detecting element 7 is electrically connected to the fish body length image acquisition module. The grading device 5 comprises telescopic cylinders 33 which are sequentially arranged on two sides of the conveying belt 31 along the conveying direction of the conveying belt 31 according to the set quality grading standard of the large yellow croaker, push plates 34 for pushing the large yellow croaker away from the conveying belt are arranged on telescopic rods of the telescopic cylinders 33, conveying components 35 which correspond to the telescopic cylinders 33 and are used for respectively and further conveying the large yellow croaker which is sequentially pushed away are respectively arranged on two sides of the conveying belt 31, and after receiving detection signals, the controller respectively sends signals for automatically sorting fish bodies with different fullness standards to the telescopic cylinders 33 according to the set quality grading standard of the large yellow croaker. In this embodiment, the conveying members 35 are conveyor belts, and the number of the conveyor belts is set according to the requirements of the classification standards of the large yellow croaker, and corresponds to the position of each telescopic cylinder 33, respectively, in order to rapidly convey the classified large yellow croaker to the next processing step.
As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, since the identification of the defective fish needs to be removed in the removing device, the genuine fish needs to be continuously conveyed forward for weighing, the genuine fish cannot be continuously conveyed forward on the conveyor belt when falling on the supporting platform 24, and the genuine fish cannot be continuously conveyed forward on the conveyor belt after being weighed. In order to realize automatic defective product removal and accurate quality grading of large yellow croaker, a shifting device 36 for carrying out auxiliary conveying on normal fish bodies and fish bodies after weight detection is respectively arranged on a removing device 3 and a weight detection device 4, a signal is sent to a controller after the first detection element 6 detects the normal fish bodies, the controller sends a signal for stopping removal to a servo cylinder 26 after receiving the signal, at the moment, a plate body 25 on a supporting platform 24 is in a closed state, the servo cylinder 26 does not act, a signal for driving the shifting device 36 to shift the normal fish bodies to the weight detection device 4 is sent to the shifting device 36, a signal is sent to the controller after the weight detection device 4 completes weight detection, and a signal for driving the shifting device 36 to shift the normal fish bodies to the grading device 5 is sent to the shifting device 36 after the controller receives the signal. The stirring device 36 comprises a supporting frame 37 arranged on two sides of the conveyer belt 31, a rotating shaft 38 with the same moving direction as the conveyer belt 31 and a component 39 rotating synchronously with the rotating shaft 38 are arranged on the supporting frame 37, a servo motor 40 for driving the component 39 to rotate is connected to the rotating shaft 38, at least one stirring piece 41 for stirring the large yellow croaker on the conveyer belt 31 in a rotating way is arranged on the component 39, an elastic adjusting layer 42 for protecting the fish body from being scratched and adapting to the fish bodies with different specifications is arranged at the lower end of the stirring piece 41, and a controller sends a signal for driving the stirring piece 41 to rotate to the servo motor 40. The member 39 may be a roller of cylindrical configuration or other configuration as long as stability of the paddle 41 upon downward rotation and accuracy of contact with the fish body can be ensured. The elastic adjusting layer 42 can be made of an elastic material including a sponge material, has a certain friction coefficient and a certain elasticity, and can be replaced conveniently according to the abrasion condition at any time.
The utility model provides a logic and conception for judging the body type and the defective products of large yellow croaker, and designs a large yellow croaker sorting and defective product removing device according to the conception. By machine vision and weighing device, body length and weight of each large yellow croaker are identified, and the fullness condition is calculated by the formula (fullness=body weight/body length 3 ) The full-scale is less than 1.4, the quality is judged to be high-grade, 1.4-1.8 is a genuine product, and more than 1.8 is a defective product. Before entering the body length and weight measuring module, the whole fish body is scanned and identified through a machine vision technology, the fish body is compared with the state of the genuine fish modeled in advance, judgment is carried out according to corresponding indexes, and rejection is carried out through corresponding devices when the fish body does not meet the standard. The purposes of saving labor and improving efficiency and quality in industrial application are really realized.
Due to the strong development of marine pastures in recent years, the marine culture technology in a cabin culture mode enters a new chapter, and the large yellow croaker sorting technology of the utility model meets the requirements of a culture worker and a boat more, because the dead period of the large yellow croaker after being caught from a culture cabin is shorter, the large yellow croaker enters the autolysis stage of protein and the rapid microorganism propagation stage very quickly, and the quality of the large yellow croaker is influenced. The automatic system of the utility model realizes the rapid processing from fishing to final grading of the large yellow croaker, and saves the time required by each process before the fresh-in-ice processing. Combines with the ice fresh technology of the large yellow croaker, and has important significance for the development of the mariculture technology.
Example 2:
the same parts as those of embodiment 1 are not repeated, and the difference is that: in the actual processing and grading process of the large yellow croaker, the amount of the large yellow croaker generally captured is large, and the large yellow croaker is often influenced by the amount of the large yellow croaker when being conveyed into grading equipment for grading through a lifting conveying device, so that the grading efficiency is low. Then in order to solve the problem of greatly improving the grading efficiency of the large yellow croaker without affecting the grading accuracy, as shown in fig. 9, in this embodiment, after the defective fish is removed, a secondary dispersing device is arranged between the removing device 3 and the weight detecting device 4, and the secondary dispersing device includes a plurality of groups of conveying rollers 43 arranged parallel and axially in parallel from the removing device 3 to the weight detecting device 4, and the distance between the adjacent conveying rollers is 20-30mm, so as to prevent the large yellow croaker from falling in the conveying process. The conveying roller 43 is composed of a roller shaft and an anti-slip layer coated on the surface of the roller shaft, the anti-slip layer can be made of rubber materials, and the rotation speed of the roller shaft is gradually increased along the setting direction of the conveying roller from the output end of the lifting conveying device. The conveying rollers 43 are provided with merging means for merging the large yellow croakers output from the guide channels again and merging the guide channels onto one conveying belt, the merging means comprising two slat bodies 44 inclined from both sides of each conveying roller 43 toward the center, respectively, and a collecting area 45 for collecting the fish bodies is formed between the two slat bodies 44. The structure realizes centralized processing of large yellow croaker with large capturing amount, and can save field space and equipment cost.
Regarding the dispersing device of the present embodiment, a roller conveying method is used instead of the conveying belt conveying method of embodiment 1, namely: at the output end of the lifting conveying device, a plurality of groups of conveying rollers are axially arranged in parallel, and the distance between the adjacent conveying rollers is 20-30mm, so that the large yellow croaker is prevented from falling off in the conveying process. The conveying roller comprises a roller shaft and an anti-slip layer coated on the surface of the roller shaft, the anti-slip layer can be made of rubber materials, and the rotation speed of the roller shaft is gradually increased along the setting direction of the conveying roller from the output end of the lifting conveying device. Through the setting of the speed difference of the phase conveying rollers, piled large yellow croakers can be rapidly dispersed, and subsequent processes of removing, weighing and grading are facilitated.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present utility model may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a full-automatic sorting system that large yellow croaker quality was classified and defective goods were rejected, includes a promotion conveyor who is used for waiting to sort the continuous transportation of processing large yellow croaker, its characterized in that still includes:
the dispersing device is used for conveying the large yellow croaker in the aggregation form which is lifted and conveyed and rapidly spreading the large yellow croaker in the aggregation form in the conveying process;
the guide device is used for dynamically adjusting the quickly-unfolded large yellow croaker to be directionally ordered along the conveying direction in the conveying process;
the removing device is used for removing defective fish existing in the directional ordering large yellow croaker;
the weight detection device is used for weighing the single large yellow croaker in the directional sequencing;
the grading device is used for automatically sorting the quality of the large yellow croaker according to different fertilizer fullness conditions;
and a controller, a first detection element for detecting the information of the fish bodies of the residual fishes such as deformity, defect, ulceration, obesity and the like of the fish bodies and a second detection element for detecting the length information of the normal fish bodies are arranged between the guide device and the removing device, the first detection element sends a detection signal to the controller after detecting the residual fishes, the controller receives the detection signal and then sends a signal for driving the removing device to remove the residual fishes to the removing device, the weight detection device and the second detection element respectively send a weight detection signal and a length detection signal to the controller after detecting the weight and the length of the fish bodies, and the controller receives the detection signal and then sends a signal for automatically sorting the fish bodies with different weight and fullness standards to the grading device according to the set quality grading standard of the large yellow croaker.
2. The fully automatic sorting system for quality classification and defective product removal of large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a fish body image acquisition module, an image information transmission module, an image information conversion module, an image comparison analysis module, a signal output module, a large yellow croaker standard body type database and a large yellow croaker standard grade database, wherein the fish body image acquisition module, the image information transmission module, the image information conversion module, the image comparison analysis module, the signal output module and the large yellow croaker standard body type database are connected with the controller through signals, the large yellow croaker standard grade database is connected with the controller through signals, and the large yellow croaker standard grade database is used for realizing sorting of the large yellow croaker standard grade.
3. The fully automatic sorting system for quality classification and defective product removal of large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein: the removing device and the weight detecting device are respectively provided with a shifting device for carrying out auxiliary conveying on the normal fish body and the fish body after weight detection, the first detecting element sends a signal to the controller after detecting the normal fish body, the controller sends a signal for stopping removing to the removing device after receiving the signal, meanwhile sends a signal for driving the shifting device to shift the normal fish body to the weight detecting device to the shifting device, the weight detecting device sends a signal to the controller after finishing weight detection, and the controller sends a signal for driving the shifting device to shift the normal fish body to the grading device to the shifting device after receiving the signal.
4. The fully automatic sorting system for quality classification and defective product removal of large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein: the dispersing device comprises a plurality of groups of conveying belts which are continuously arranged along the conveying direction of the large yellow croaker to be sorted and are connected end to end, each group of conveying belts consists of two rotating rollers and conveying belts paved between the two rotating rollers, the conveying speed of each group of conveying belts along the conveying direction is gradually increased, and a dispersing area for rapidly separating the piled large yellow croaker to be sorted is formed at the joint of two adjacent groups of conveying belts.
5. The fully automatic sorting system for quality classification and defective product removal of large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein: the guide device comprises a conveying plate which is arranged along the output end of the dispersing device in a downward inclined manner, a plurality of guide grooves are formed in the conveying plate in parallel along the inclined direction, sliding channels which allow single fish bodies to pass through are formed between the adjacent guide grooves, and adjusting mechanisms which synchronously and reciprocally stretch and adjust the directional ordering of the fish bodies upwards along the guide grooves respectively and drive the fish bodies to enter the sliding channels respectively.
6. The fully automatic sorting system for quality classification and defective product removal of large yellow croaker according to claim 5, wherein: the adjusting mechanism comprises adjusting plates vertically and vertically arranged along the guide grooves respectively, and eccentric turntables respectively driving the adjusting plates to synchronously stretch and reciprocate, a connecting rod which drives the adjusting plates to vertically stretch and reciprocate when the eccentric turntables rotate is arranged between the adjusting plates and the eccentric turntables, the top of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the adjusting plates, the bottom of the connecting rod is rotationally connected with the eccentric turntables, and each eccentric turntable is connected with the power device through belt transmission or chain transmission.
7. The fully automatic sorting system for quality classification and defective product removal of large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein: the removing device comprises a conveying belt for continuously conveying the directional ordered large yellow croakers, the conveying belt comprises a horizontal conveying part connected with the output end of the guiding device and an inclined conveying part arranged downwards, a supporting platform for supporting the large yellow croakers is arranged at the output end of the inclined conveying part, a plate body which is opened downwards and leaks the defective fish, and a servo cylinder which drives the plate body to rotate are arranged on the supporting platform, the servo cylinder is connected with the plate body through a push-pull rod, a first detection element is arranged on the upper part of the horizontal conveying part, and a controller is used for sending a signal for driving the plate body to open and leak the defective fish to the servo cylinder after receiving the detection signal.
8. The fully automatic sorting system for quality classification and defective product removal of large yellow croaker according to claim 2, wherein: the weight detection device comprises a conveying belt connected with the output end of the removing device, a weighing device is arranged on the conveying belt, the weighing device is electrically connected with the controller through signals, the first detection element and the second detection element are industrial cameras, the first detection element is electrically connected with the fish body image acquisition module, and the second detection element is electrically connected with the fish body length image acquisition module.
9. The fully automatic sorting system for quality classification and defective product removal of large yellow croaker according to claim 3, wherein: the stirring device comprises a supporting frame arranged on two sides of the conveying belt, a rotating shaft which is identical to the moving direction of the conveying belt and a component which rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft are arranged on the supporting frame, a servo motor which drives the component to rotate is connected to the rotating shaft, at least one stirring piece which is used for stirring the large yellow croaker on the conveying belt in a rotating way is arranged on the component, an elastic adjusting layer which is used for protecting fish body scratches and adapting to fish bodies of different specifications is arranged at the lower end of the stirring piece, and the controller sends driving signals to the servo motor.
10. The fully automatic sorting system for quality classification and defective product removal of large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein: the grading device comprises telescopic cylinders which are sequentially arranged on two sides of the conveying belt along the conveying direction of the conveying belt according to the set grading standards of the quality of the large yellow croaker, push plates for pushing the large yellow croaker away from the conveying belt are arranged on telescopic rods of the telescopic cylinders, conveying components which correspond to the telescopic cylinders and are used for further conveying the large yellow croaker which is pushed away in sequence are respectively arranged on two sides of the conveying belt, and the controller receives detection signals and then respectively sends signals for automatically sorting fish bodies with different fullness standards to the telescopic cylinders according to the set grading standards of the quality of the large yellow croaker.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117562012A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-02-20 | 青岛农业大学 | Intelligent fry specification color gender screening system based on morphological metering feature recognition |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117562012A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-02-20 | 青岛农业大学 | Intelligent fry specification color gender screening system based on morphological metering feature recognition |
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