CN218391088U

CN218391088U - Gas detection system of many respiratory tracts

Info

Publication number: CN218391088U
Application number: CN202220319217.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张煜彦; 曹宇; 林涛; 周大威; 郑盼盼; 王圣雪
Original assignee: Nanjing Nuoling Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Nuoling Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-16
Filing date: 2022-02-16
Publication date: 2023-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2032-02-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gaseous detecting system of many respiratory tracts, this system includes: the air inlet is used for introducing the port exhaled air or the nasal exhaled air; the gas container is connected to the gas inlet through a gas passage and is used for storing the introduced gas as a sampling gas for detection by the detection part; the pressure sensor, the flow stabilizing part and the first flow sensor are arranged on the gas passage in series; wherein: the stationary flow portion includes: a first sub-channel and a second sub-channel which are connected in parallel; wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve; a steady-current air resistor and an air resistor switch which are connected in series are arranged on the second sub-passage; and the first air pump is connected with the air container and is used for promoting the air exhaled by the nose to fill the air container. The utility model discloses can be targeted carry out accurate measurement to the exhaling way that adult and children's different diseases correspond.

Description

Gas detection system of many respiratory tracts

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a medical treatment detecting system especially relates to a gaseous detecting system of many respiratory tracts.

Background

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways involving a diverse group of cells including eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, smooth muscle cells, airway epithelial cells, and the like. At present, at least 3 hundred million asthma patients in the world, about 3000 million asthma patients in China, and with the development of modern socioeconomic and the improvement of the living standard of people, more and more allergens are brought by environmental problems, food problems, pet feeding and the like, so that the incidence rate of asthma is gradually increased.

FeNO (Fractional exhaled nitric oxide), produced by airway cells, is at a concentration that is highly correlated with the number of inflammatory cells. Exhaled Nitric Oxide (NO) concentration can generally be determined by both the oral and nasal exhaled nitric oxide tests. The FeNO detection is widely applied to the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory diseases, has outstanding advantages in the aspects of sensitivity, specificity, safety, early detection and medication management of asthma, and is paid more and more attention in clinic. Some of the following known devices and methods related to FeNO are briefly described below.

CN112754532A discloses a expiration collection device for collect expired gas and convey to detection device and detect, expiration collection device includes expiration collection way, with the buffer chamber that expiration collection way communicates, power device, the buffer chamber communicates with outside air and detection device, power device is used for driving the air in the expiration collection way and gets into buffer chamber and the interior air of buffer chamber and get into detection device, expiration collection way includes first pipeline, the second pipeline that the diameter is less than first pipeline, the buffer chamber is connected with the lateral wall that is close to the one end of second pipeline on the first pipeline. The expired air of the expired air collecting device of CN112754532A can be stored for a longer time, and the expired air to be detected can be conveniently extracted; the front section gas of the exhaled breath, namely the gas in the mouth and nose can be completely eliminated, so that the collected gas is completely generated by the inner respiratory tract; and can temporarily store the exhaled gas to be tested, so that the exhaled gas is stably output for a long time during testing, and the operation difficulty of a user can be reduced.

CN104391087B discloses a method and a device for measuring nitric oxide in exhaled breath by tidal exhalation, which can measure and monitor the inspiration and exhalation flow curves, automatically collect the expired gas in at least one complete tidal exhalation cycle, measure the average concentration of NO in the collected gas, and finally calculate various parameters of the exhaled NO according to an NO exhalation physiological model.

CN103237493A discloses a device for collecting samples of exhaled gases during normal breathing, comprising a flow generator, an oro-insertable exhalation receiver and a device for isolating the nasal airways, wherein the device further comprises: a sensor for detecting a change in a parameter indicative of the change. Inhale to exhale and transmit the change as a signal; a control unit adapted to receive the signal and control the device to isolate the nasal airway; wherein the flow generator is connected to or integrated with the exhalation receiver. A method of collecting a sample of exhaled breath under normal breathing conditions comprising the steps of: detecting a change in a parameter indicative of a change from inspiration to expiration and sending the change as a signal; receiving said signal in a control unit; activating a device for isolating the nasal airway; activating a flow generator connected to the expiratory receiver; and collecting exhaled air samples during exhalation when the nasal airway is isolated.

CN106289889B discloses a device for simultaneously sampling and analyzing oral and nasal exhaled breath molecules, which consists of an oral exhalation sampling module (100), a nasal exhalation sampling module (200) and an analysis module (300). On the basis of meeting the technical standard of ATS/ERS about oral and nasal expiration NO determination, simultaneous sampling and analysis are carried out, the concentration result of oral expiration and nasal expiration nitric oxide can be obtained through one expiration test, the interference of the change of the physiological and pathological states is eliminated, and more reliable data is provided for clinical judgment.

It can be seen that the known breath detection apparatus and methods described above suffer from the following problems:

1. usually only a single expiratory airway is sampled for detection, and multiple respiratory tracts cannot be optionally detected online. In particular, although CN106289889B mentions simultaneous detection of oral and nasal exhalations, the influence of oral exhalations on nasal exhalations sampling at the time of simultaneous sampling is ignored, and a single expiratory channel acquisition cannot be autonomously selected.

2. The difference of the detected airway corresponding to different diseases and the difference of the oral nitric oxide test aiming at the large and small airways are not considered, for example, bronchitis can be measured through a large airway, obstructive lung diseases such as emphysema can be measured through a small airway, and rhinitis can be measured through a nasal exhaling airway.

3. Detection of adults from children was not differentiated. The requirement that the user maintain the pressure and flow rate of the exhaled breath at appropriate values during the exhalation detection of the user places high demands on the user's control of the exhaled breath, and for subjects with poor control, such as children, the success rate may be low.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

For overcoming prior art's defect, the utility model aims at providing a gaseous detecting system of many respiratory tracts, especially a gaseous detecting system who is used for detecting the many respiratory tracts of NO to realize can independently select big, little exhale the air flue or the collection and the detection of nose exhale the air flue expired gas, and can be pertinence carry out accurate measurement to the exhale way that adult and children's different diseases correspond.

Particularly, the utility model provides a gaseous detecting system of many respiratory tracts. The gas detection system includes: the inlet is used for introducing the exhaled air or the nasal exhaled air; the gas container is connected to the introducing port through a gas passage and is used for storing the introduced gas as sampling gas for detection of the detection part; the pressure sensor, the flow stabilizing part and the first flow sensor are arranged on the gas passage in series; wherein: the flow stabilizer is used for stabilizing the gas flow rate of the gas passage, and includes: a first sub-channel and a second sub-channel which are connected in parallel; wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve; a steady-current air resistor and an air resistor switch which are connected in series are arranged on the second sub-passage; the first air pump is connected with the air container and is used for promoting the nose to exhale to fill the air container; and the control part is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the first flow sensor, the throttle valve, the air resistance switch and the first air pump respectively.

Further, the gas detection system comprises an expired gas collection state for a large expired gas passage, wherein in the expired gas collection state, the first air pump is in a closed state, the throttle valve is in an open state, and the air resistance switch is in a disconnected state so as to forbid the current-stabilizing air resistance.

Further, the gas detection system comprises an expiratory gas collection state for the small expiratory tract, in which the first air pump and the throttle valve are in a closed state, and the air resistance switch is in a conducting state to enable the current-stabilizing air resistance.

Further, the gas detection system comprises an expiratory gas collection state for the nasal breathing passage, in which state the first air pump and the throttle valve are in a closed state and the air resistance switch is in a conducting state to enable the flow-stabilizing air resistance.

Further, the exhaled breath collection status for large exhaled breath pathways further comprises an adult exhaled breath collection status and a child exhaled breath collection status; wherein the duration of the adult exhaled breath collection state is greater than the duration of the child exhaled breath collection state.

Preferably, the first flow sensor is a differential pressure flow sensor; the differential pressure flow sensor includes: the device comprises a fixed air resistor and a differential pressure gauge for measuring the differential pressure at two ends of the fixed air resistor.

Preferably, the multi-airway gas detection system further comprises: the zero filter is used for filtering the gas same as the gas to be measured so as to generate zero gas; the second air pump is used for pumping the sampling gas or the zero gas for the detection of the detection part; the three-way valve is respectively connected with the gas capacitor, the zero filter and the second air pump and is used for independently guiding sampling gas or zero gas to the second air pump through control; and a detection portion connected to the second suction pump; the control part is also electrically connected with the second air pump, the three-way valve and the detection part.

Preferably, the multi-airway gas detection system further comprises: a second flow sensor provided between the second suction pump and the detection unit; wherein the control portion is further electrically connected to a second flow sensor.

Preferably, the multi-airway gas detection system further comprises: and the water removal device is arranged between the second air pump and the detection part and comprises a Nafion pipe, a hollow fiber membrane or a PTEF membrane.

Preferably, the first air pump is a diaphragm pump, and the second air pump is a piezoelectric pump.

Preferably, the gas container comprises: the head end and the tail end of the first strip-shaped air passage are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first exhaust port, and an air suction port is arranged near the first exhaust port; a sampling port is arranged in the middle of the first strip-shaped air passage; the head end and the tail end of the second strip-shaped air passage are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet; wherein the second gas inlet and the first gas inlet are both in communication with the gas passage; the air pumping port is connected with the first air pumping pump; the sampling port is connected with the three-way valve; the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected with the external atmosphere, a first exhaust valve is arranged on the first exhaust port, and a second exhaust valve is arranged on the second exhaust port; the control part is also electrically connected with the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve.

Preferably, the multi-airway gas detection system further comprises: an input member and an output member electrically connected to the control portion.

Further, the multi-airway gas detection system further comprises a handle portion for providing filtered exhaled breath to the introduction port, the handle portion comprising: a breathing port for providing a mouthpiece for mouth insufflation and mouth inspiration; a handle outlet adapted to be connected to the introduction port; the first handle filter is arranged between the breathing port and the outlet and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the exhaled air of the filtering port; and one end of the second handle filter is communicated with the atmosphere outside the equipment through a one-way valve, and the other end of the second handle filter is communicated with the breathing port through the first handle filter and is used for removing the gas which is the same as the gas to be detected in the inhaled gas.

Preferably, the first handle filter comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, resin foam, silica and charcoal, and the second handle filter comprises a combination of one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina and a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate loaded molecular sieve, activated carbon and alumina.

Further, the multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system also comprises a nasal exhalation part which is used for providing filtered nasal exhalation gas to the introducing port. The nasal exhale portion includes: a nasal exhalation head for providing an interface for nasal exhalation; a nasal breathing outlet adapted to be connected to the introduction port; the nose exhales the filter, locate the nose exhales the head with the nose exhales and leads between the export, is used for filtering the steam and/or bacterium in the nose expired gas.

Preferably, the nasal breath filter comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica and charcoal.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:

1. the self-adjusting system obtained by combining the flow stabilizing air resistance, the throttle valve, the first air pump, the pressure sensor and the first flow sensor can realize the collection of exhaled air of a large exhaled air passage or a small exhaled air passage or a nasal exhaled air passage by self selection, can better control the flow rate in a differentiation mode according to the respiratory passages and the identities of subjects (namely people and children) to which detection is performed, keeps the flow rate stable, realizes more accurate measurement and diagnosis aiming at different respiratory passages, and can perform targeted treatment according to different pathological change positions.

2. The design of double air passages in the air volume can better and more efficiently discharge gas from the head to the tail, and reserve the middle section gas required by detection. 3. Air capacity inner air way intermediate position sets up the design that sampling port and end set up gas vent and discharge valve, can discharge the non-exhalation gas that self exists in oral cavity, nose, throat and the bronchus better when the exhalation gas is collected, and can extract the exhalation gas that obtains no external environment interference when the detection and analysis, ensures concentration measurement's accuracy, can carry out both ends tonifying qi when bleeding simultaneously to greatly reduced extracts the resistance of in-process.

4. The zero filter and the three-way valve are designed to detect the background concentration of the gas to be detected (such as NO) in the system under the condition that the breathing operation is not carried out and the interference of the gas to be detected in the external environment is eliminated, so that the accuracy of the final detection result is ensured.

5. The self-regulating system that the combination of dewatering device, second flow sensor and second aspiration pump obtained can guarantee stable gas flow rate and humidity value when detecting the analysis, is favorable to the accurate measurement of detection portion.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings illustrate by way of example, but not by way of limitation, embodiments of the present invention and in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the airflow of a multi-respiratory tract gas detection system in an exhaled gas collection state for a large exhaled gas path and a small exhaled gas path, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the airflow of a multi-airway gas detection system in an exhaled breath collection state for a nasal exhalation airway, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the gas flow of a multi-airway gas detection system in a zero calibration state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the airflow of a multi-airway gas detection system in a detection state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a gas container in a multiple respiratory tract gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a multi-airway gas detection system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the following embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

It should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "provided", "disposed", "connected" and "connected" are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

In the description of the present invention, relational terms such as "first," "second," and "third," and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.

In the description of the present invention, the term "subject" refers to a person who is undergoing a respiratory tract test by the multi-respiratory tract gas detection system of the present invention; the term "user" refers to the operator or controller of the multi-respiratory gas detection system of the present invention, which may be the subject himself or another individual, such as a doctor, nurse, or the like.

Referring to fig. 1-4, in one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-airway gas detection system includes a handle portion 100, a nare portion 300, and a host 200. The host 200 can detect the concentration of the gas to be detected (NO in this embodiment) in different respiratory tracts. These different respiratory tracts include: a big exhale airway, a small exhale airway, and a nasal exhale airway. It is necessary to selectively connect the handle part 100 and the nasal exhalation part 300 to the main unit 200 according to different respiratory tracts. That is, the handle portion 100 corresponds to the large expiratory tract and the small expiratory tract detection, and the nasal expiratory portion 300 corresponds to the nasal expiratory tract detection.

Handle part 100

The handle portion 100 is intended to deliver or provide filtered exhaled breath to the host 200. The handle 100 includes, but is not limited to, a breathing port 101, a handle outlet port 102, a first handle filter 103, a second handle filter 104, and a one-way valve 105.

The breathing port 101 is used to provide an insufflation interface for oral exhalation and an inhalation interface for oral inhalation to the subject.

The handle outlet port 102 is connected to the main body 200 via a gas passage such as a conduit to guide the filtered exhaled breath from the handle portion 100 to the main body 200 for storage and inspection.

The breathing opening 101 and the handle outlet 102 are in communication via a first handle filter 103, the first handle filter 103 being arranged therebetween for filtering moisture and/or bacteria in the exhaled air of the opening. Preferably, the first handle filter 103 comprises a combination of one or more of silicone, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, foamed resin, silica and charcoal.

One end of the second handle filter 104 communicates with the atmosphere outside the apparatus via the check valve 105, and the other end communicates with the breathing port 101 via the first handle filter 103. The second handle filter 104 is used to remove NO from the inhaled gas when the subject inhales through the breathing orifice 101. Preferably, the second handle filter 104 comprises a combination of one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate loaded molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina.

The structural design of the handle part 100 can realize the introduction of the mouth exhaled air of a subject into a host, and the problem of interference of residual NO in the mouth and nose of the subject and environmental NO can be well solved through the pre-exhalation and inhalation actions performed by the handle part 100 before formal exhalation sampling, so that the accuracy of a test result is ensured.

Nose breathing part 300

The nasal exhale portion 300 is intended to deliver or provide filtered nasal exhale gas to the host 200. The nasal exhale portion 300 includes: a nasal exhalation head 301, a nasal exhalation guide outlet 302, and a nasal exhalation filter 303.

The nasal exhale head 301 is used to provide an interface for nasal exhalation. The nasal exhalation outlet 302 is adapted to be connected to a host inlet via a gas pathway, such as a conduit, to direct filtered nasal exhalation from the nasal exhalation part 300 to the host 200 for storage and testing. The nasal exhalation filter 303 is arranged between the nasal exhalation head 301 and the nasal exhalation outlet 303 and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the nasal exhalation.

Preferably, the nasal exhalation filter 303 includes a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica, and charcoal.

Host 200

The host computer 200 is used for temporary storage and detection analysis of the gas filtered by the handle portion 100 or the nasal exhale portion 300, and is capable of interacting with a user or subject.

Host 200 includes, but is not limited to: an inlet port 201, an air chamber 202, a first air pump 203, a second air pump 204, a zero point filter 205, a three-way valve 206, a detection portion 207, a pressure sensor 208, a flow stabilizing portion 209, a first flow sensor 210, a second flow sensor 211, a water removal device 212, a control portion (not shown), an input member (not shown), and an output member (not shown).

The inlet 201 can be connected to the handle outlet 102 of the handle portion 100 or the nasal exhalation outlet 302 of the nasal exhalation portion 300 for introducing the exhaled air or nasal exhalation air.

A gas container 202 is connected to the inlet 201 via a gas passage for storing the introduced exhaled gas as a sample gas to be detected by the detecting section 207.

As shown in fig. 5, the gas container 202 is a chamber for storing gas, and includes a first bar-shaped gas passage and a second bar-shaped gas passage. The head end and the tail end of the first strip-shaped air passage are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first exhaust port, and a sampling port is arranged at the middle position. An air suction opening is also arranged near the first exhaust opening in the first strip-shaped air passage. The head end and the tail end of the second strip-shaped air passage are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet. The first gas inlet 2025 and the second gas inlet 2025 are both communicated with the gas passage and are adjacently arranged, so that exhaled gas in the gas passage is divided into two parts to enter the gas container. The suction port is connected to the first suction pump 203. The sample port is connected to three-way valve 206. The first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected with the external atmosphere, the first exhaust port is provided with a first exhaust valve 213, and the second exhaust port is provided with a second exhaust valve 214, so that the gas container is communicated with the external atmosphere as required to exhaust the gas in the gas container or to enable the sampling gas in the gas container 202 to be extracted by the second air pump 204 in the gas detection process.

Particularly, the first strip-shaped air passage is designed to be a folding strip-shaped air passage and is formed by folding a plurality of sections of linear sub air passages, so that the space is saved. The length of the second strip-shaped air passage is equal to that of the linear sub-air passage in the first strip-shaped air passage.

The reason for using the two-phase airway is that because the exhaled gas is in a parabola shape which increases first and then decreases along with time, the exhaled concentration detection of NO in the middle range (namely, the peak section) of the parabola shape is the most accurate, so that the head and tail gas needs to be exhausted firstly, and the middle section is reserved. And the expired gas volume that remains the interlude is great, can only remain some gas of interlude as sampling gas through two-phase air flue to compare in single-phase air flue and promoted sampling effect and sampling precision greatly.

The pressure sensor 208, the flow stabilizer 209, and the first flow sensor 210 are provided in series in the gas passage between the introduction port 201 and the air chamber 202. The pressure sensor 208 is used to measure the gas pressure in the gas passage in real time. By measuring the gas pressure, it is possible to know whether gas is flowing through the gas passage, and then determine whether gas has been insufflated and whether insufflation has ceased, and the duration of the subject's exhalation.

The first flow sensor 210 is used to measure the gas flow in the gas path in real time. It has been mentioned previously that the duration of the exhaled breath of the subject can be detected by the pressure sensor 208, and then, in combination with the flow rate and the volume (usually a known volume) measured by the first flow sensor 210, it can be determined whether the exhaled breath is full. In this embodiment, the first flow sensor 210 is a differential pressure flow sensor, which includes a fixed air resistor 2101 and a differential pressure gauge 2102 for measuring a differential pressure across the fixed air resistor 2102. The fixed air lock 2101 is an element having a certain blocking effect on the air flow in the air passage, and for example, a venturi tube or the like may be used. The first flow sensor 210 is used to measure the expiratory flow of the subject in the gas channel in real time to ensure the expiratory flow/velocity is stable, and the measurement accuracy is lower than that when the flow/velocity of the gas flowing into the detecting portion 207 is measured during the gas detection process. Therefore, the first flow sensor 210 herein can reduce the cost by adopting a differential pressure flow sensor, and the fixed gas resistor 2101 in the differential pressure flow sensor can also play a certain role in adjusting the gas flow in the gas passage where the gas resistor is located. In other embodiments, other flow sensors having higher measurement accuracy may be used for the first flow sensor 210 herein, regardless of cost, or for other purposes.

The flow stabilizer 209 is used to stabilize the gas flow rate in the gas passage within a suitable range. In this embodiment, the flow stabilizer 209 is significantly different from known prior designs. Specifically, the flow stabilizer in this embodiment includes a first sub-passage and a second sub-passage connected in parallel. Wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve 2091, and the second sub-passage is provided with a steady flow air resistance 2092 and an air resistance switch 2093 which are connected in series. The throttle valve 2091 and the steady flow air lock 2092 may have different adjustment ranges and adjustment accuracies. Therefore, the design mode of connecting the throttle valve and the steady flow air resistor in parallel can adjust the air flow of the air passage in a wider range, and can give consideration to different adjusting precisions, so that different respiratory tract detection and different age groups of subjects (such as adults and children) can be controlled differently, the success rate of air sampling is improved, and the detection accuracy is further improved. In this embodiment, the air lock switch 2093 uses an electromagnetic valve to ensure the switching speed. In other embodiments, the vapor lock switch 2093 may be implemented with other types of switches. The throttle valve 2091 is a valve that controls the flow of fluid by changing a throttle section or a throttle length. The steady flow air lock 2092 is similar in structure to the fixed air lock 2101.

A first suction pump 203 is connected to the air volume 202 for urging the nasal exhale to fill the air volume. In this embodiment, the first suction pump 203 is a diaphragm pump. The reason for adopting the diaphragm pump here is that the flow output of the piezoelectric pump is stable, but the range is small, the pressure loss is large, the requirement of the air exhaust flow of the nasal expiration can not be met, and the range of the diaphragm pump is larger, and the requirement of the air exhaust flow of the nasal expiration can be met.

The zero filter 205 is used to filter the same gas as the gas to be measured (in this embodiment, the gas to be measured, i.e., NO) to generate the zero gas. In this embodiment, the zero filter 205 is similar to the second handle filter 104, and preferably includes a combination of one or more of molecular sieve, activated carbon, alumina, and a strong oxidant such as potassium permanganate supported molecular sieve, activated carbon, and alumina.

The second air pump 204 is used for pumping the sample gas in the air volume 202 or the zero point gas filtered by the zero point filter 205 for detection by the detection portion. In this embodiment, the second air pump 204 is a piezoelectric pump, because the flow output of the piezoelectric pump is stable, and the stability of the flow directly affects the measurement accuracy of the detection portion.

And a three-way valve 206 respectively connected with the gas container 202, the zero filter 205 and the second suction pump 204, and used for separately guiding the sampled gas or the zero gas to the second suction pump 204 through control. The three-way valve 206 may comprise a three-way pipe or a three-way chamber having three interconnected openings, each opening being provided with a separate control switch, each control switch being connected to the control section for individually controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding opening, thereby achieving switching between different gas passages.

The detection unit 207 is configured to detect the concentration of the gas to be detected in the gas pumped by the second pump, and in this embodiment, the detection unit 207 includes an NO sensor.

The second flow sensor 211 is preferably provided between the second suction pump 204 and the detection portion 207 for measuring the flow rate of the gas entering the detection portion 207 in real time. As described above, the second flow sensor 211 preferably employs a sensor having a higher sensing accuracy with respect to the first flow sensor to ensure gas detection accuracy.

The water removal device 212 is also provided between the second suction pump 204 and the detection unit 207 for maintaining the humidity of the gas entering the detection unit 207. In the present embodiment, the water removal device 212 is provided upstream of the second flow sensor 211, i.e., farther from the detection portion 207 than the second flow sensor 211. In other embodiments, the second flow sensor 211 may be provided upstream of the water removal device 212 as needed. Preferably, the water removal device is selected from a group consisting of a Nafion tube, a hollow fiber membrane or a PTEF membrane.

The control unit controls the first suction pump 203, the second suction pump 204, the three-way valve 206, the detection unit 207, the pressure sensor 208, the flow stabilizing unit 209, the first flow sensor 210, the second flow sensor 211, and the first and

second exhaust valves

213 and 214 of the air volume, respectively. Specifically, the control portion may include an analysis control circuit and a driving device connected to the analysis control circuit, for example, the analysis control circuit may be implemented by a dedicated or general-purpose software and hardware circuit, an integrated circuit, or a programmable logic chip, and the driving device may include a driving motor, and the like. More specifically, in some embodiments, the analysis control circuit in the control portion may be electrically connected to the detection portion 207, the pressure sensor 208, the first flow sensor 210, and the second flow sensor 211 to acquire measurement data in real time, and the driving device in the control portion may control the first suction pump 203, the second suction pump 204, the first and

second exhaust valves

213 and 214 of the air volume, the three-way valve 206, and the flow stabilizer 209 to perform driving regulation and control on the corresponding components according to the acquired measurement data.

The input member and the output member are connected to the control portion, respectively. The input member may include an input device such as a keyboard, a button, or a touch display screen, and is used to enable the control portion to perform a corresponding operation according to a user input. In particular, the user input may include instructions or operations for indicating the respiratory tract for which the test is directed, instructions or operations for indicating the identity of the subject (e.g., adult or child), and so forth. The output means may include a display, a speaker, a buzzer, etc. for displaying the status and real-time measurement data of various sensors, switches, valves in the detection system, and providing corresponding voice/image prompts or alarms to the subject or user, etc. to assist the subject in adjusting the expiratory airflow according to the prompts or alarms.

In addition, although the gas to be detected in this embodiment is NO, the gas detection system of the present invention may also be used for detecting other gases. When the gas sensor is used for detection of other gases, the respective filters (for example, the second handle filter 104 and the zero point filter 205) and the detection unit 207 may be replaced.

Through the structure design, the utility model discloses a gaseous detecting system can independently select big, little exhale the air flue or the nose exhale the collection and the detection of way exhalation gas to can the pertinence to the adult carry out accurate measurement with the exhale way that children's different diseases correspond.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the control method of the multi-respiratory-tract gas detection system of the present invention is described in detail by taking NO gas detection as an example.

As shown in fig. 6, the control method of the multi-respiratory tract gas detection system of the present invention may generally include the following procedures: information acquisition, zero point calibration, pre-expiration and inspiration, expired gas sampling, detection and analysis. Where the pre-expiration and inspiration procedure is typically performed only prior to the expiratory gas sampling procedure for the large and small expiratory tract, and the pre-expiration and inspiration procedure need not be performed prior to the expiratory gas sampling procedure for the nasal expiratory tract. Each flow will be described below.

(S1) information acquisition

The process is primarily implemented by the control portion receiving input instructions or operations of a user or subject through the input means, including, but not limited to, instructions or operations for selecting an airway for which a test is intended, instructions or operations for selecting an identity of a subject (e.g., child or adult), and instructions or operations for aborting or terminating a test.

The output member may assist in the procedure under control of the control section, for example, to send feedback information to the user or subject interaction to assist in completing the information acquisition procedure.

(S2) zero calibration

The zero calibration is used for detecting the background concentration of NO in the system under the condition that a detector does not perform breathing operation and excludes gas to be detected in the external environment.

As shown in fig. 3, the zero point calibration process involves a path formed by the zero point filter 205 via the three-way valve 206, the second suction pump 204, the second flow sensor 211, the water removal device 212, and the gas detection device 207.

The zero point calibration process comprises the following operations:

1) Controlling the three-way valve 206 to enable the three-way valve 206 to independently direct the zero gas generated by the zero filter 205 to the second suction pump 204, and starting the second suction pump 204 to pump the zero gas through the three-way valve 206, at which time the system enters a zero calibration state, and the gas pumped by the second suction pump 204 reaches the detection portion 207 after passing through the second flow sensor 211 and the water removal device 212;

2) During the pumping process of the second air pump 204, the gas flow of the gas passage is obtained in real time through the second flow sensor 206, and the duty ratio of the second air pump 204 is adjusted in real time, so that the zero gas flow rate/flow of the gas passage is stable.

3) When the second suction pump 204 is activated for a predetermined time (for example, 40 s), the detection result of the detection portion 207 is read and saved, the background NO concentration is obtained, and the second suction pump 204 is turned off, at which time the system is NO longer in the zero calibration state.

In the above process, reading data when the second air pump 204 is operated for a predetermined time can ensure that NO remaining in the previous exhalation test is not present in the gas passage, and can ensure that the gas flow rate is stable.

The zero point calibration process can be automatically realized by the control part.

(S3) Pre-expiration and inspiration

This procedure is typically performed only prior to the sampling of exhaled breath for the large and small exhale airways, and involves two sequential steps of pre-exhalation and inhalation.

The pre-expiration step comprises: the subject is prompted to perform a pre-exhalation operation through the breathing opening 101 of the handle portion 100 to expel residual air, and the check valve 105 in the handle portion 100 is kept in a closed state.

The step of inspiration comprises: whether the subject completes the pre-expiration action is judged through the real-time measurement data of the pressure sensor 208, when the subject completes the pre-expiration action, the subject is prompted to perform the inspiration action, and at the moment, the inhaled gas passes through the second handle filter 104 to filter NO so as to prevent the NO concentration in the exhaled gas from being interfered in the exhaled gas sampling process.

It is emphasized that the exhaled breath sampling procedure for the large or small airways is typically performed immediately after the pre-exhalation and inhalation procedures have been performed. The pre-expiration and inspiration process can improve the sampling accuracy and ensure the detection precision. The control flow may be automatically realized by the control unit.

(S4) exhaled breath collection

The flow refers to a process of introducing oral exhaled air or nasal exhaled air into a gas container to be stored as sampling gas, and does not comprise a pre-exhalation flow and an inhalation flow.

(a) Exhaled air collection for nasal exhalations

The procedure is used to obtain and store nasal exhaled breath of a subject as a sample gas.

As shown in fig. 2, the expiratory gas collecting flow of the nasal expiratory airway involves a path formed by the nasal expiratory portion 300, the pressure sensor 208, the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilizer 209, the first flow sensor 210, the gas volume 202, and the first air pump 203.

The process comprises the following steps:

1) The first air pump 203 is turned on to force nasal exhaled air into the air volume 202 while the first and

second exhaust valves

213, 214 in the air volume 202 are controlled to open the first and second exhaust ports, the throttle valve 2091 in the ballast 209 is opened, and the air lock switch 2093 is turned off to disable the ballast air lock 2092. In addition, second suction pump 204 is preferably turned off and the opening in three-way valve 206 that communicates with air volume 202 is closed, at which point the system enters an exhaled air collection state for the nasal exhalations.

2) During the pumping process of the first air pump 203, the gas flow/flow rate of the gas passage is measured in real time by the first flow sensor 210, and the throttle valve 2091 is adjusted in real time according to the measured gas flow/flow rate, so as to ensure that the flow of the pumped gas is stabilized at 540mL/min to 660mL/min.

3) When the gas in the nasal passages to be extracted substantially fills the gas volume 4, the first suction pump 203 and the throttle valve 2091 are closed, and the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the gas volume 202 are controlled so that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are closed to obtain the sample gas, and the system is no longer in the exhaled gas collecting state for the nasal exhale passages.

In the above process, the nasal exhaled air firstly passes through the first handle filter 103 to filter and extract moisture of the air, and then enters the air volume 4 after being adjusted by the throttle valve 2091, and meanwhile, the pre-existing air in the air volume 4 is exhausted through the exhaust port on the air volume 203.

(b) Exhaled breath sampling for small airways

This procedure obtains and stores the subject's exhaled breath as a sample gas, typically performed after a pre-exhalation and inhalation procedure.

As shown in fig. 1, the flow path relates to a path formed by the handle portion 100, the pressure sensor 208, the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilizer 209, the first flow sensor 210, and the air volume 202.

The process comprises the following steps:

1) Prompting the subject to perform an exhalation action, determining whether the exhaled breath has been introduced through the inlet by the pressure sensor 208, turning the check valve 105 in the handle portion 100 to an open state after determining that the exhaled breath has been introduced through the inlet, and controlling the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the air container 202 so that the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are opened; at the same time, the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilizer 209 is closed, the air lock switch 2093 is turned on to activate the dynamic air lock 2092, the first air pump 203 and the second air pump 204 are turned off, and the opening of the three-way valve 206 that communicates with the air volume 202 is closed, at which time the system enters an exhaled air collection state for the small exhalation passageways.

2) The pressure sensor 208 and the first flow sensor 210 are used for detecting the gas pressure and the gas flow/flow rate in the gas passage in real time, and the measured real-time data is output and fed back through the output assembly to prompt the subject to adjust the expiratory speed, so that the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor 208 in real time is stabilized at 8-20cmH ₂ 0, and the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor 210 in real time is stabilized at 10.8-13.2L/min. Wherein, the feedback is output through the output component, so that the subject can be prompted through a system interface display mode, or through a voice prompt mode and the like. For example, a gas flow reference curve and an actual gas flow curve of the subject may be displayed on the system interface to prompt the subject.

3) When the exhaled breath fills the air container 202, the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the air container 202 are controlled to close the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port, and the air blocking switch is turned off, so that the sampled air is obtained, and the system is no longer in the exhaled breath collection state for the small exhalation passageways. The duration of the introduction of the exhaled breath may be determined from the data measured by the pressure sensor 208, and then, in combination with the flow data measured by the first flow sensor 210 and the size of the air volume 202, it may be calculated whether the exhaled breath is filled with the air volume 202.

In this process, the exhaled air first passes through the first handle filter 103 to filter out water vapor, and then enters the air volume 202 through the adjustment of the dynamic air lock 2092 and the fixed air lock 2101. In this process, non-exhaled gas previously present in the gas container 202 will be expelled (about 2-8 seconds) from the exhaust port of the gas container 202, and exhaled gas that then enters the gas container 202 will be stored in the gas container 202 as sample gas.

(c) Exhaled breath sampling for large exhaled airways

This procedure obtains and stores the subject's oral exhaled breath as a sample gas, typically performed after a pre-exhalation and inhalation procedure.

The process comprises the following steps:

1) Prompting the subject to perform an exhalation maneuver and determining whether an exhaled breath has been introduced via pressure sensor 208; after determining that the air is exhaled through the air inlet, the check valve 105 is turned to be in an open state, and the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 on the air container 202 are controlled to open; at the same time, the throttle valve 2091 in the flow stabilizer 209 is opened, the air lock switch 2093 is opened to disable the dynamic air lock 2092, the first air pump 203 and the second air pump 204 are closed, and the opening of the three-way valve 206 in communication with the air volume 202 is closed, and the system enters an exhaled air collection state for the large exhaled air path.

2) The pressure sensor 208 and the first flow sensor 210 detect the gas pressure and the gas flow/flow rate in the gas passage in real time, and adjust the throttle valve 2091 in real time according to the measured data, so that the gas pressure measured by the pressure sensor in real time is stabilized at 8-20cmH ₂ And O, the gas flow measured by the first flow sensor in real time is stabilized at 2.7-3.3L/min.

3) When the exhaled breath fills the gas container 202, the first exhaust valve 213 and the second exhaust valve 214 in the gas container 202 are controlled to close the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port, and the gas blocking switch is turned off, so that the sampled gas is obtained, and the system is no longer in the exhaled breath collection state for the large exhaled breath passage.

In view of the differences between adult subjects and child subjects (e.g., an adult can maintain insufflation motion for about 10s in total and a child can maintain insufflation motion for about 6s in total), during collection of exhaled breath for large exhalation passageways: controlling a duration of an exhaled breath collection process for a large exhaled airway to a first duration (e.g., 8-12 s) for an adult subject; the duration of the exhaled breath collection procedure is controlled to a second duration (e.g., 4-8 s) for the pediatric subject, where the first duration is greater than the second duration. Control of the different durations may be achieved by control of the throttle valve 2091 and the

exhaust valves

213 and 214 on the gas volume 202. For example, when it is confirmed that the exhaled breath has been introduced, the exhaust valve 2091 is opened, and the

exhaust valves

213 and 214 are controlled to open the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port of the air container 202; and when it is determined that the exhaled breath has been introduced for the predetermined duration, the throttle valve 2091 is closed, and the

exhaust valves

213 and 214 are controlled to close the first and second exhaust ports of the air volume 202.

The whole exhaled breath collection process can be realized through the interaction of the control part and the subject.

(S5) detection analysis

The process is used to perform a detection analysis on the sampled gas stored in the gas container 202 to obtain the actual concentration of NO.

As shown in fig. 4, the detection mode relates to a path formed by the gas volume 202, the three-way valve 206, the water removal device 212, the second suction pump 204, and the detection portion 207.

The process comprises the following steps:

1) Three-way valve 206 is controlled so that three-way valve 206 can guide the sample gas stored in gas container 202 to second suction pump 204 alone.

2) The second pump 204 is activated to pump the sample gas through the three-way valve 206, and the gas pumped by the second pump 204 passes through the second flow sensor 211 and the water removal device 212 to reach the detection portion 207. In the pumping process of the second air pump 204, the gas flow of the gas passage is obtained in real time through the second flow sensor 206, and the duty ratio of the second air pump 204 is adjusted in real time, so that the sampling gas flow rate/flow of the gas passage is stable.

3) When the second suction pump 204 is activated for a predetermined time (for example, 40 s), the detection result of the detection portion 207 is read and saved, and the measured concentration of NO in the sample gas is obtained.

4) And acquiring the stored background NO concentration, and determining the actual NO concentration in the sampled gas by combining the measured NO concentration in the sampled gas.

The process may be automatically implemented by the control unit.

In the above control method, the flow/process included in the control method is not strictly ordered. For example, the zero point calibration procedure may be performed before or after the procedure of sampling exhaled breath corresponding to different respiratory tracts. Even more, in some embodiments, only one or more of the above-described processes may be performed.

According to the above description, the utility model discloses a gaseous detecting system and method of many respiratory tracts can independently select big, little exhale air flue or the collection and the detection that the nose exhales the air flue and exhale, can be pertinence to the different diseases of adult and children the corresponding exhale the way and carry out accurate measurement.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these are all considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-airway gas detection system, comprising:

the inlet is used for introducing the exhaled air or the nasal exhaled air;

the gas container is connected to the inlet through a gas passage and is used for storing the introduced exhaled gas as sampling gas for detection by the detection part;

the pressure sensor, the flow stabilizing part and the first flow sensor are arranged on the gas passage in series; wherein:

the flow stabilizer is used for stabilizing the gas flow rate of the gas passage, and includes: a first sub-channel and a second sub-channel which are connected in parallel; wherein, the first sub-passage is provided with a throttle valve; a steady-current air resistor and an air resistor switch which are connected in series are arranged on the second sub-passage;

the first air pump is connected with the air volume and used for promoting the nasal exhaled air to fill the air volume;

and the control part is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the first flow sensor, the throttle valve, the air resistance switch and the first air pump respectively.

2. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the gas detection system includes an expiratory gas collection state for a large expiratory airway in which the first pump is closed, the throttle valve is open, and the flow-stabilizing gas block is disabled by the gas block switch being open.

3. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the gas detection system includes an expiratory gas collection state for small expiratory passageways in which the first pump and throttle valve are closed and the flow-stabilizing air-resistor switch is on to enable the flow-stabilizing air-resistor.

4. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the gas detection system includes an expiratory gas collection state for nasal exhalations in which the first pump and throttle valve are closed and the flow-stabilizing gas block switch is on to enable the flow-stabilizing gas block.

5. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 2, wherein the exhaled breath collection status for large exhaled airways further comprises an adult exhaled breath collection status and a child exhaled breath collection status; wherein the duration of the adult exhaled breath collection state is greater than the duration of the child exhaled breath collection state.

6. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 1, wherein the first flow sensor is a differential pressure flow sensor; the differential pressure flow sensor includes: the air resistance measuring device comprises a fixed air resistance and a differential pressure meter for measuring the differential pressure at two ends of the fixed air resistance.

7. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 1, further comprising:

the zero filter is used for filtering the gas same as the gas to be measured so as to generate zero gas;

the second air pump is used for pumping the sampling gas or the zero gas for the detection of the detection part;

the three-way valve is respectively connected with the gas capacitor, the zero filter and the second air pump and is used for independently guiding sampling gas or zero gas to the second air pump through control; and

a detection part connected to the second suction pump;

the control part is also electrically connected with the second air pump, the three-way valve and the detection part.

8. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 7, further comprising: a second flow sensor provided between the second suction pump and the detection unit; wherein the control portion is also electrically connected with a second flow sensor.

9. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 7, further comprising: and the water removal device is arranged between the second air pump and the detection part and comprises a Nafion pipe, a hollow fiber membrane or a PTEF membrane.

10. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 7, wherein the first air pump is a diaphragm pump and the second air pump is a piezoelectric pump.

11. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 7, wherein the gas volume comprises:

the head end and the tail end of the first strip-shaped air passage are respectively provided with a first air inlet and a first exhaust port, and an air suction port is arranged near the first exhaust port; a sampling port is arranged in the middle of the first strip-shaped air passage;

the head end and the tail end of the second strip-shaped air passage are respectively provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet;

wherein the first and second gas inlets are both in communication with the gas passageway; the air pumping port is connected with the first air pumping pump; the sampling port is connected with the three-way valve; the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port are connected with the external atmosphere, a first exhaust valve is arranged on the first exhaust port, and a second exhaust valve is arranged on the second exhaust port;

the control part is also electrically connected with the first exhaust valve and the second exhaust valve.

12. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 11, further comprising: an input member and an output member electrically connected to the control portion.

13. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 1, further comprising a handle portion for providing filtered exhaled breath to the introduction port, the handle portion comprising:

a breathing port for providing a mouthpiece for mouth insufflation and mouth inspiration;

a handle outlet adapted to be connected to the introduction port;

the first handle filter is arranged between the breathing port and the outlet and is used for filtering water vapor and/or bacteria in the exhaled air of the filtering port;

and one end of the second handle filter is communicated with the atmosphere outside the equipment through a one-way valve, and the other end of the second handle filter is communicated with the breathing port through the first handle filter and is used for removing the gas which is the same as the gas to be detected in the inhaled gas.

14. The multi-respiratory gas detection system of claim 13, wherein the first handle filter comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam, resin foam, silica, and charcoal, and the second handle filter comprises a combination of one or more of molecular sieves, activated carbon, alumina, and molecular sieves loaded with a strong oxidizing agent such as potassium permanganate, activated carbon, and alumina.

15. The multi-airway gas detection system of claim 1, further comprising a nasal exhalation module for providing filtered nasal exhalation gas to the inlet, the nasal exhalation module comprising:

a nasal exhalation head for providing an interface for nasal exhalation;

a nasal breathing outlet adapted to be connected to the introduction port;

the nose exhales the filter, locate the nose exhales the head with the nose exhales and leads between the export, is used for filtering the steam and/or bacterium in the nose expired gas.

16. The multi-respiratory gas detection system according to claim 15, wherein the nasal exhalation filter comprises a combination of one or more of silica gel, PP cotton, sponge, cotton, foam resin, silica, and charcoal.