CN218298514U - Single-station tracking device - Google Patents
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- CN218298514U CN218298514U CN202222417120.4U CN202222417120U CN218298514U CN 218298514 U CN218298514 U CN 218298514U CN 202222417120 U CN202222417120 U CN 202222417120U CN 218298514 U CN218298514 U CN 218298514U
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Abstract
The application belongs to the field of communication, relates to single-station tracer, include: the device comprises a transponder, a fixed component, a direction-finding antenna, a distance-measuring antenna and a processing component; the direction-finding antenna, the distance-measuring antenna and the processing component are detachably arranged on the fixing component; the direction-finding antenna and the distance-measuring antenna are respectively used for direction finding and distance measuring of the transponder; the processing component is used for receiving signals of the direction-finding antenna and the distance-finding antenna; the fixing assembly comprises a cross beam and a longitudinal beam, and the cross beam and the longitudinal beam are vertically intersected to form a cross structure; the distance measuring antenna is arranged at the intersection point of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam; the direction-finding antenna comprises a first direction-finding antenna group and a second direction-finding antenna group; the first direction-finding antenna group comprises two first direction-finding sub-antennas which are arranged on the beam along the horizontal direction and are symmetrical about the distance-finding antenna; the second direction-finding antenna group comprises two second direction-finding sub-antennas which are arranged on the longitudinal beam along the vertical direction and are symmetrical relative to the distance-finding antenna. By the adoption of the method and the device, the target object can be positioned and tracked through the single station.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a single-station tracking device.
Background
The current tracking technologies include: the mainstream technologies of multi-station tracking, radar tracking, infrared photoelectric tracking, etc.
The multi-station tracking technology realizes the tracking of a target object through the arrangement of a plurality of wireless point stations, the mutual cooperation between the stations and data interaction; the existing multi-station tracking technology has high requirements on synchronization between stations and arrangement of the stations, and the stations arranged in use are relatively fixed and cannot be flexibly changed in real time according to the use places.
Radar tracking is easier to detect and detect, is interfered by other signals, and is more affected by weather than other technologies.
For the infrared photoelectric tracking technology, the influence of weather and light is large, and the use condition of the infrared photoelectric tracking technology is limited greatly.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, a single-station tracking device is needed to be provided, which can realize the positioning and tracking of the target object through a single station, overcome the difficulties of synchronization and station distribution of multiple stations, and has small limitation in use.
A single station tracking device, comprising:
a transponder;
the fixing component is arranged on the ground;
the direction-finding antenna is detachably arranged on the fixed component and is used for finding the direction of the transponder;
the distance measurement antenna is detachably arranged on the fixed component and is used for measuring the distance of the transponder;
and the processing component is detachably arranged on the fixing component and is used for receiving and processing the signals of the direction-finding antenna and the distance-measuring antenna.
In one embodiment, the fixing assembly comprises: the cross beam and the longitudinal beam are vertically intersected to form a cross structure;
the distance measuring antenna is arranged at the intersection point of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam;
the direction-finding antenna comprises a first direction-finding antenna group and a second direction-finding antenna group;
the first direction-finding antenna group comprises two first direction-finding sub-antennas, and the two first direction-finding sub-antennas are arranged on the cross beam of the fixed assembly along the horizontal direction and are symmetrical about the distance-finding antenna;
the second direction-finding antenna group comprises two second direction-finding sub-antennas, and the two second direction-finding sub-antennas are arranged on the longitudinal beam of the fixed assembly along the vertical direction and are symmetrical relative to the distance-finding antenna.
In one embodiment, the securing assembly is integrally formed.
In one embodiment, a plurality of symmetrical mounting positions are arranged on each of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam of the fixing assembly.
In one embodiment, the first direction-finding sub-antenna and the second direction-finding sub-antenna are both arranged obliquely towards the direction of the ranging unit.
In one embodiment, the first direction-finding sub-antenna and the second direction-finding sub-antenna are both at an angle of 18 ° to the fixed component.
In one embodiment, the first direction-finding sub-antenna, the second direction-finding sub-antenna and the ranging antenna all adopt Archimedes spiral antennas.
In one embodiment, the processing component comprises: a first processing unit, a second processing unit and a third processing unit;
the first processing unit, the second processing unit and the third processing unit are electrically connected with the first direction-finding antenna group, the second direction-finding antenna group and the ranging antenna respectively.
The single-station tracking device is provided with the direction-finding antenna and the distance-measuring antenna on the fixed assembly so as to carry out direction finding and distance measuring on the aerial transponder; meanwhile, the fixed component is also provided with a processing component for instantly receiving and processing signals of the antenna (comprising a direction-finding antenna and a distance-finding antenna), thereby ensuring the timely processing of the signals; the application is simple in whole, easy to carry and use and high in mobility, and the transponder can be loaded on other objects, so that tracking and direction finding are realized, positioning tracking of a target object can be realized through a single station, difficulty in synchronization and station distribution of multiple stations is overcome, and the transponder is difficult to find, is difficult to interfere, and is less influenced by weather and light.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a single station tracking device in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a single station tracking device in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at A in a side view in one embodiment.
Reference numerals are as follows:
the device comprises a cross beam 11, a longitudinal beam 12, a mounting position 13, a first direction-finding sub-antenna 21, a second direction-finding sub-antenna 22, a ranging antenna 31 and a processing component 32.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back \8230;) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicators are correspondingly changed.
In addition, descriptions in this application as to "first", "second", etc. are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present application, "plural groups" means at least two groups, e.g., two groups, three groups, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and thus, for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection, physical connection or wireless communication connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In addition, technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of the technical solutions by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the protection scope of the present application.
The present application provides a single station tracking device, as shown in fig. 1-3, comprising, in one embodiment: transponders, fixed components, direction-finding antennas, ranging antennas 31, and processing components 32.
The transponder can be arranged in the air or carried on other objects; the direction finding and the distance measuring are carried out on the position of the transponder, and the direction finding and the distance measuring of the carried object can be realized.
The fixing component is arranged on the ground; the direction-finding antenna is detachably arranged on the fixing component and is used for carrying out direction finding on the transponder; the distance measuring antenna 31 is detachably arranged on the fixed component and is used for measuring the distance of the transponder; the processing assembly 32 is detachably arranged on the fixing assembly and is used for receiving and processing signals of the direction-finding antenna and the distance-finding antenna.
The fixed assembly together with the direction-finding antenna, the distance-measuring antenna 31 and the processing assembly 32 provided thereon constitute a ground station.
In this embodiment, a single station is a base station.
The following description is required: the transponder, the direction finding antenna, the distance measuring antenna and the antenna are all in the prior art for direction finding or distance measuring of the transponder.
The frequency bandwidth of the ranging antenna is 500MHz, the selectable center frequency is 4G-8G, because the higher the frequency is, the larger the space loss is, and the smaller the volume of the antenna is, the preferred 4G center frequency is, and the frequency range of the ranging antenna is: 3.75 GHz-4.25 GHz. In order to reduce the size and complexity of the transponder and facilitate carrying, only one antenna is arranged on the transponder, the designed antenna frequency range is 3.3-4.5 GHz, and the direction-finding antenna uses a single carrier for direction finding, so that the transponder finally selects the frequency of 3.6GHz, and a single antenna on one transponder can be compatible with two modes of direction finding and distance measuring at the same time.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows:
the direction-finding antenna receives a direction-finding signal sent by the transponder and forwards the direction-finding signal to the processing component for direction finding;
the distance measuring antenna sends a distance measuring signal to the transponder, the transponder replies the distance measuring response signal to the distance measuring antenna after receiving the distance measuring signal, and the distance measuring antenna receives the distance measuring response signal and forwards the distance measuring response signal to the processing component for distance measurement;
and the processing component receives the direction finding signal and the distance measuring response signal and then processes the signals to obtain the direction information and the distance information of the target.
The single-station tracking device is provided with a direction-finding antenna and a distance-measuring antenna on the fixed assembly so as to carry out direction finding and distance measuring on the aerial transponder; meanwhile, the fixed component is also provided with a processing component for instantly receiving and processing signals of the antenna (comprising a direction-finding antenna and a distance-finding antenna), thereby ensuring the timely processing of the signals; the transponder is simple in whole, easy to carry and use and high in maneuverability, and can be loaded on other objects so as to realize tracking and direction finding; compared with multi-station tracking in the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that stations do not need to be arranged with high requirements in the application process, the simultaneity of acquisition and the real-time performance of data transmission can be met, meanwhile, an algorithm in the prior art can be adopted, absolute time modules such as a GPS (global positioning system) and the like do not need to be additionally configured, the positioning tracking of the target object can be realized through a single station, and the difficulties of multi-station synchronization and station arrangement are overcome; moreover, due to the utilization of the radio principle, the radio frequency identification device is not easy to find, is not easy to interfere, and is less influenced by weather and light.
In one embodiment, the securing assembly comprises: the cross beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12 are vertically intersected to form a cross structure;
the distance measuring antenna 31 is arranged at the intersection point of the cross beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12;
the direction-finding antenna comprises a first direction-finding antenna group and a second direction-finding antenna group; the first direction-finding antenna group comprises two first direction-finding sub-antennas 21, the two first direction-finding sub-antennas 21 are arranged on the cross beam 11 of the fixed assembly along the horizontal direction and are symmetrical about the distance measuring antenna 31; the second direction-finding antenna group comprises two second direction-finding sub-antennas 22, and the two second direction-finding sub-antennas 22 are arranged on the longitudinal beam 12 of the fixed component along the vertical direction and are symmetrical with respect to the ranging antenna 31.
In this embodiment, the cross beam and the longitudinal beam of the fixing assembly can be fixedly connected by adopting the prior art (such as welding and the like), and can also be integrally formed.
The two direction-finding antenna groups (namely, the first direction-finding antenna group and the second direction-finding antenna group) can use a correlation interferometer direction-finding method to carry out direction-finding on an object carried by the aerial transponder, and the distance-measuring antenna can adopt a TWR algorithm to carry out distance measurement with the transponder; compared with other ranging and direction-finding methods, the relevant interferometer direction-finding and TWR algorithm ranging can be better adapted to the external morphological characteristics of the application. The related interferometer direction finding method and the TWR algorithm are both the prior art.
In a specific embodiment, the transponder is disposed in the air, the center-to-center distances between the two first direction-finding sub-antennas and between the two second direction-finding sub-antennas are both 1m, and the frequency band used is 3.6G, then the calculation can be performed: the unambiguous direction finding range can reach +/-4 degrees, the precision can reach 0.1 degree, and the detection distance can reach 3km.
The specific calculation process is as follows:
1) And (3) calculating the range of the direction-finding angle under the condition of no ambiguity by adopting a two-dimensional phase interferometer direction-finding formula:
in the formula, phi is the phase difference of the base lines A-B, D is the length of the base line, theta is the azimuth angle of incoming waves, and lambda is the wavelength of the incoming waves.
2) And calculating the precision by adopting a precision formula:
in the formula, Δ θ is the precision,
is the phase error of the wavelength entering the channel, theta m Is the angle of incidence.
3) And calculating the detection distance by adopting a distance measurement formula:
S＝C*ΔT
in the formula, S is the distance, C is the speed of light, and Delta T is the single time difference; here, multiple round trips are used for operation verification, and an average value is obtained.
In one embodiment, the cross beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12 of the fixing assembly are provided with a plurality of symmetrical mounting positions 13.
That is to say, the positions of the two first direction-finding sub-antennas on the cross beam of the fixed assembly can be moved, and the positions of the two second direction-finding sub-antennas on the longitudinal beam of the fixed assembly can also be moved, that is, each sub-antenna (namely, the first direction-finding sub-antenna and the second direction-finding sub-antenna) is detachably connected with the fixed assembly, and the installation positions of the sub-antennas can be flexibly changed, so that various direction-finding and distance-measuring requirements can be met on the same device, and the direction-finding precision and the distance-measuring range can be correspondingly changed under the condition that the center distance and the use frequency band between the antennas are changed.
In one embodiment, the processing unit uses a table lookup method in a sum and difference beam algorithm to resolve the ambiguity, and the specific algorithm is as follows:
in the formula, A 1 、B 1 The same signal reaches different amplitudes of two channels in a group of antennas (two first direction finding sub-antennas or two second direction finding sub-antennas), theta is a corresponding calculated value which is a monotonous curve, and after the curve is obtained through calibration, a rough direction is obtained through a table look-up method in subsequent practical application, and the purpose of resolving ambiguity can be achieved. That is to say, a monotonous curve can be obtained by adopting the sum and difference beam algorithm, then a unique y value corresponding to x can be found in a table through a table look-up method (x and y can be corresponding to a formula applied here), and the condition that one y value corresponds to a plurality of x values (namely, a fuzzy phenomenon can occur in a long interval, specific true values can not be distinguished, and an applicable interval is very short) can not occur, so that the fuzzy phenomenon is avoided, and the effect of understanding the fuzzy is realized by utilizing the sum and difference beam algorithm.
After the deblurring is finished, the situation that one value corresponds to multiple values does not occur in the long interval, namely the monotone interval is lengthened. In the case of changing the inclination angle θ of the direction finding antenna, the direction finding range may be changed accordingly. The inclination angle of the direction-finding antenna is set so as to better use a sum-difference beam algorithm to solve ambiguity, thereby expanding the direction-finding range and solving the ambiguity problem of the phase.
Need to explain: the sum and difference beam algorithm and the table look-up method are prior art.
Preferably, the first direction-finding sub-antenna and the second direction-finding sub-antenna are both arranged obliquely towards the direction of the ranging unit, and form an angle of 18 ° with the fixed component, that is, θ =18 °.
In the embodiment, sum and difference beam direction finding is flexibly used, so that the good accuracy of the whole system is ensured; the ambiguity is resolved by using a sum and difference beam algorithm, and the direction-finding range can reach +/-30 degrees.
In one embodiment, the first direction-finding sub-antenna, the second direction-finding sub-antenna and the ranging antenna all employ Archimedes spiral antennas.
In this embodiment, compared with other antennas, the archimedes' helical antenna is a circularly polarized antenna, and can adapt to switching between vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, and meanwhile, the back cavity is adopted to form unidirectional radiation to increase antenna gain.
In one embodiment, the processing component 32 includes: a first processing unit, a second processing unit and a third processing unit;
the first processing unit, the second processing unit and the third processing unit are electrically connected with the first direction finding antenna group, the second direction finding antenna group and the ranging antenna respectively.
In this embodiment, the first processing unit, the second processing unit, and the third processing unit are respectively disposed on the back sides of the first direction finding antenna group, the second direction finding antenna group, and the ranging antenna, so that the corresponding signals can be processed in time and the space can be fully utilized.
Preferably, the processing module 32 includes a processing unit, which is electrically connected to the first direction-finding antenna group, the second direction-finding antenna group and the ranging antenna at the same time, and receives and processes signals of five antennas (two first direction-finding sub-antennas, two second direction-finding sub-antennas and the ranging antenna) at the same time. Under the condition of one processing unit, the distance measurement and the direction measurement are simultaneously realized, so that the complexity of the ground station can be reduced.
It should be further noted that, the processing component coordinates the acting time between the ranging signal and the direction-finding signal in the same channel by means of time division multiplexing (prior art), and the proportion of the acting time can be adjusted by the range of the specific acting ranging and direction-finding range, for example: the ratio of 50% to 50% of time is adopted.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent application shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A single station tracking device, comprising:
a transponder;
the fixing component is arranged on the ground;
the direction-finding antenna is detachably arranged on the fixed component and is used for finding the direction of the transponder;
the distance measurement antenna is detachably arranged on the fixing component and is used for measuring the distance of the transponder;
and the processing component is detachably arranged on the fixing component and is used for receiving and processing the signals of the direction-finding antenna and the distance-finding antenna.
2. The single station tracking device of claim 1, wherein the fixed assembly comprises: the cross beam and the longitudinal beam are vertically intersected to form a cross structure;
the distance measuring antenna is arranged at the intersection point of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam;
the direction-finding antenna comprises a first direction-finding antenna group and a second direction-finding antenna group;
the first direction-finding antenna group comprises two first direction-finding sub-antennas, and the two first direction-finding sub-antennas are arranged on the cross beam of the fixed assembly along the horizontal direction and are symmetrical about the distance-finding antenna;
the second direction-finding antenna group comprises two second direction-finding sub-antennas, and the two second direction-finding sub-antennas are arranged on the longitudinal beam of the fixed assembly along the vertical direction and are symmetrical relative to the distance-finding antenna.
3. The single station tracking device of claim 2, wherein the fixed assembly is integrally formed.
4. The single station tracking device of claim 3, wherein the fixed assembly has a plurality of symmetrical mounting locations on each of the cross member and the longitudinal member.
5. The single-station tracking device of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first direction-finding sub-antenna and the second direction-finding sub-antenna are both tilted towards the ranging unit.
6. The single station tracking device of claim 5, wherein the first direction-finding sub-antenna and the second direction-finding sub-antenna are both at an angle of 18 ° to the fixed assembly.
7. The single station tracking device of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first direction-finding sub-antenna, the second direction-finding sub-antenna and the ranging antenna all employ Archimedes spiral antennas.
8. The single station tracking device of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the processing component comprises: a first processing unit, a second processing unit and a third processing unit;
the first processing unit, the second processing unit and the third processing unit are electrically connected with the first direction-finding antenna group, the second direction-finding antenna group and the ranging antenna respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222417120.4U CN218298514U (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Single-station tracking device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222417120.4U CN218298514U (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Single-station tracking device |
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| CN218298514U true CN218298514U (en) | 2023-01-13 |
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| CN202222417120.4U Active CN218298514U (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Single-station tracking device |
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