CN216874626U - Dynamic remote monitoring device takes place for citrus fruit fly adult population - Google Patents
Dynamic remote monitoring device takes place for citrus fruit fly adult population Download PDFInfo
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- CN216874626U CN216874626U CN202120674577.6U CN202120674577U CN216874626U CN 216874626 U CN216874626 U CN 216874626U CN 202120674577 U CN202120674577 U CN 202120674577U CN 216874626 U CN216874626 U CN 216874626U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for remotely monitoring the adult population dynamics of bactrocera minax, which comprises a square insect cage made of gauze, wherein a square insect sticking box is arranged above the inside of the insect cage, a bait box and a fly trapping ball are arranged in the insect sticking box, adhesive layers and odor diffusion holes are arranged on four surfaces of the insect sticking box, a control box is arranged on a supporting rod, a camera for shooting the outer surface of the insect sticking box is arranged on a horizontal rod, a wireless transmission module and a controller are arranged in the control box, and the wireless transmission module and the camera are electrically connected with the controller. The method has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, labor and time saving, small interference of the mixed insects, accuracy, easy recognition, high intelligent degree and the like, and provides a scientific and effective method and technical support for intelligent monitoring and early warning of the bactrocera dorsalis pests in modern agricultural citrus production.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of pest control, in particular to a device for remotely monitoring the occurrence dynamics of adult citrus fruit fly populations.
Background
Bactrocera megacephala (Tetradacus) minax is commonly called as 'citrus maggot', belongs to diptera, and is a plant muscidae, fruit muscidae (Bactrocera macquart), and damaged fruit is called as 'maggot citrus' or 'maggot fruit', is one of common pests which harm Rutaceae citrus fruit trees such as oranges, pomelos, oranges and the like in China, is mainly distributed in Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Shaanxi and the like in China and is once listed as important quarantine pests at home and abroad, and the pest takes flesh in the fruit in the form of 'maggot' to become 'citrus maggot', so that the fruit is unripe, rotted and deteriorated, falls off early, and the yield and quality of citrus are seriously influenced. The generation of the bactrocera macrocarpa occurs one year, the larvae grow out of the fruit of the last-year-falling insects, then enter the soil, pupate and live through the winter, and the adults emerge from the soil in the next year and then lay eggs to parasitize citrus fruits for cyclic damage. Generally, the loss rate of the citrus is 20-30%, and can seriously reach 70%, even the citrus orchard is destroyed and absolutely harvested, and the citrus orchard and the fruit grower have great influence on the continuous stable yield and the yield increase.
In production, the base number and the maggot fruit rate of the adult bactrocera dorsalis can be effectively reduced by trapping and killing the adult bactrocera dorsalis which overwinter eclosion and unearthed, and the method is an important key technology for scientifically and effectively preventing and controlling the bactrocera dorsalis. Therefore, real-time monitoring measures are taken for the emerging and unearthed adult of the bactrocera dorsalis, the population number occurrence dynamics of the emerging adult in each period is scientifically monitored, the key period of trapping, killing, preventing and controlling the adult is mastered, and the method has important effects and significance for preventing and controlling the pest occurrence degree on citrus fruits and reducing the damage loss of the citrus fruits.
Affected by temperature and humidity, sunlight, terrain environment and other factors, the emergence time of the bactrocera dorsalis varies in different years and areas. At present, domestic methods for monitoring the occurrence of the pests mainly comprise a pupa burying method, a pupa peeling method, a tank hanging method and the like. The pupa burying method is characterized in that when larvae go into soil and pupate in autumn of the last year, old larvae of maggots are buried into the soil, or large fruit fly pupae are selected from the field and buried into flowerpots in spring of the next year, the large fruit fly pupae are covered and surfed, generally, the emergence conditions of the large fruit fly are observed at about 4 middle ten days of the next year, 10 am and 17 pm every day, and the change of the emergence quantity of the large fruit fly is statistically analyzed; the pupa peeling method comprises the steps of digging pupae in the field after spring, and peeling for multiple times to check the growth progress of the pupae to predict the eclosion period of the imagoes; according to the tank hanging method, a poison tank trap filled with a trapping agent is hung in a field, investigation and monitoring are carried out once every 1 day, and the population change condition of the adult fly larvae is recorded, counted and analyzed.
The monitoring method for the bactrocera minax adopted in the prior art has the following problems and defects in production: the pupa burying method adopted in domestic production needs to bury the aged larvae or pupae in soil, natural survival and growth and development conditions of the larvae can be influenced to a certain extent due to the fact that the larvae and pupae are buried in advance manually, the positions, directions and depths of the embedded pupae, damage or germ infection of the pupae and the like, the natural survival and growth and development conditions of the larvae are different from the situation that the aged larvae naturally drill from the fruits without land to the pupae buried in the soil, and professional technicians are required to go to the field every day to conduct investigation and monitoring once after spring, so that the workload and labor intensity are high, the monitoring labor cost is high, the monitoring efficiency is low, the eclosion adults are not fixed to fly on mesh enclosure insect cages, and the manual accurate counting is influenced; the pupa stripping method is used for carrying out field pupa digging investigation and pupa stripping and checking development progress after spring, generally investigation is carried out every 2-3 days, so that the workload is large, the labor and the time are wasted, and large monitoring and prediction errors exist due to operation differences of various links in the aspects of personnel, point selection, sampling, soil digging, investigation and the like, and the sampling errors and the prediction accuracy are influenced; the poison hanging pot method also has the problems of large workload of manual investigation, large interference of other trapped mosquitoes and flies, unobvious trapping amount, influence on concentration and effect of liquid medicine due to natural evaporation of water, and the like, and is easy to influence the continuity and accuracy of investigation monitoring data.
In order to promote the continuous development of modern agriculture, currently, an advanced monitoring method and technology with high intelligent degree, economy, high efficiency, simplicity, convenience and practicability are urgently needed to be selected in production to enhance the dynamic monitoring and early warning of the fruit fly pest situation in the citrus industry, and are very important for scientific guidance and development of early prevention and control of the fruit flies. Therefore, in order to solve the problems and deficiencies of the prior art, such as high monitoring labor intensity, low monitoring efficiency, low intelligent degree, large monitoring and prediction error, influence on monitoring and prediction accuracy, further reduce labor intensity, improve monitoring efficiency and accuracy, enrich intelligent insect condition monitoring means, actively explore, innovate and develop a new method and a new tool which are widely suitable for remote intelligent monitoring of the fruit fly, and have important functions and significance for improving monitoring and early warning capability, guiding pest prevention and control and effectively reducing pest disaster loss.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides the remote monitoring device for the adult bactrocera minax population occurrence dynamics, which is easy to operate and has complete luring and detecting insect bodies.
In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
the utility model provides a developments remote monitoring device takes place for citrus fruit fly adult population, it includes the square insect feeding cage that the gauze was made, top in the insect feeding cage is provided with square mythimna separata case, four faces of mythimna separata case all constitute through transparent net, be provided with attractant box and fly ball in the mythimna separata case, all be provided with adhesion layer and smell diffusion hole on four faces of mythimna separata case, install on the horizon bar through horizontal rotation drive arrangement the upper end of mythimna separata case, the horizon bar passes the insect feeding cage and is connected with the bracing piece, the bracing piece is installed on ground, be provided with the control box on the bracing piece, be provided with the camera of shooting mythimna separata incasement surface on the horizon bar, be provided with wireless transmission module and controller in the control box, wireless transmission module and camera all are connected with the controller electricity.
Furthermore, the horizontal rod is of a box body structure, the driving device is installed in the horizontal rod, and the camera is installed in an installation groove formed in the horizontal rod.
Further, drive arrangement includes the carousel, and the lower extreme of carousel is provided with driven gear, and driven gear is connected through the upper end of pivot with the mythimna separata case, and driven gear and driving gear meshing, the driving gear is connected with driving motor's pivot.
Furthermore, the upper end of the pest sticking box is provided with a baffle plate, a rainproof dustproof cover is arranged above the pest sticking box, and the rainproof dustproof cover is arranged on the horizontal rod.
Furthermore, two switch sensors which are overlapped with each other are arranged beside the rotary table, two first trigger blocks are arranged on the rotary table, the two first trigger blocks are positioned on the same diameter of the rotary table, and the first trigger blocks are matched with the switch sensor at the lowest end; and a second trigger block is arranged between the two first trigger blocks, the second trigger block is matched with the uppermost switch sensor, and the switch sensor is electrically connected with the controller.
Furthermore, the top of bracing piece is provided with solar panel, is provided with solar cell in the control box, and solar cell and solar panel all are connected with the controller electricity.
Further, the fly-luring ball is a green fruit-shaped fly-luring ball.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: under the condition of keeping the natural overwintering, growth and development states and relatively closed limited natural space environment of pest fields, the scheme applies the square transparent pest sticking box filled with fruit-shaped objects, food attractant, sex pheromone and other substances, and utilizes the biological characteristics of insect fruit-oriented objects, molasses, sex pheromone and the like to trap the bactrocera dorsalis, thereby being beneficial to remote shooting, identification and counting. The method has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, labor and time saving, small interference of the mixed insects, accuracy, easy identification, high intelligent degree and the like, has obvious trapping effect on the Bactrocera minax pests, and provides scientific and effective method and technical support for intelligent monitoring and early warning of the Bactrocera minax pests in modern agricultural citrus production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a remote monitoring device for the occurrence of adult population dynamics of Bactrocera minax.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of the pest sticking box.
Wherein, 1, insect feeding cage, 2, by the harmful fruit, 3, mythimna separata case, 4, horizontal bar, 5, mounting groove, 6, rain-proof shield, 7, control box, 8, bracing piece, 9, solar panel, 10, baffle, 11, second trigger block, 12, first trigger block, 13, carousel, 14, driving gear, 15, driving motor, 16, switch sensor, 17, lures the fly ball, 18, lures the box.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all changes that can be made by the utility model using the inventive concept are intended to be protected.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device for remotely monitoring the occurrence of the adult citrus fruit fly population dynamics comprises a square insect breeding cage 1 made of gauze, a square insect sticking box 3 is arranged above the inside of the insect breeding cage 1, four faces of the insect sticking box 3 are formed by transparent grids, a bait box 18 and a fly trapping ball 17 are arranged in the insect sticking box 3, the fly trapping ball 17 is a green fruit-shaped fly trapping ball 17, and food attractant such as sugar and vinegar liquid or sex pheromone substance is injected into the bait box 18.
All be provided with adhesion layer and smell diffusion hole on four faces of mythimna separata case 3, the upper end of mythimna separata case 3 is installed on horizon bar 4 through horizontal rotation drive arrangement, horizon bar 4 passes insect feeding cage 1 and is connected with bracing piece 8, bracing piece 8 is installed on ground, be provided with control box 7 on the bracing piece 8, be provided with the camera of shooting 3 surfaces of mythimna separata case on horizon bar 4, be provided with wireless transmission module and controller in the control box, wireless transmission module and camera all are connected with the controller electricity.
The horizontal pole 4 is the box structure, and drive arrangement installs in horizontal pole 4, and the camera is installed in the mounting groove 5 that horizontal pole 4 was seted up, avoids exposing for a long time in the outside, makes the camera damage.
Drive arrangement includes carousel 13, and carousel 13's lower extreme is provided with driven gear, and driven gear is connected through the upper end of pivot with mythimna separata case 3, and driven gear and the meshing of driving gear 14, driving gear 14 are connected with driving motor 15's pivot. Two switch sensors 16 which are overlapped with each other are arranged beside the rotary disc 13, two first trigger blocks 12 are arranged on the rotary disc 13, the two first trigger blocks 12 are positioned on the same diameter of the rotary disc 13, and the first trigger blocks 12 are matched with the switch sensor 16 at the lowest end; a second trigger block 11 is arranged between the two first trigger blocks 12, the second trigger block 11 is matched with the uppermost switch sensor 16, and the switch sensor 16 is electrically connected with the controller.
At the in-process of shooing, driving motor 15 drives mythimna separata case 3 and carries out 360 rotations, ensures that four faces of mythimna separata case 3 can be shot to the camera. Meanwhile, the first trigger block 12 and the second trigger block 11 are matched with the two overlapped switch sensors 16, the pest sticking box 3 is guaranteed to stop at a proper position in the rotating process, and a camera can shoot pictures facing the surface of the pest sticking box 3.
The upper end of mythimna separata case 3 is provided with baffle 10, and the top of mythimna separata case 3 is provided with rain-proof shield 6, and rain-proof shield 6 is installed on horizon bar 4 for prevent dust, keep off the rain to mythimna separata case 3. The top of the support rod 8 is provided with a solar panel 9, a solar battery is arranged in the control box, and the solar battery and the solar panel 9 are both electrically connected with the controller; whole device supplies power through solar energy, need not independent overlap joint power, and installation and use are all convenient.
The method for monitoring the adult bactrocera minax population by adopting the device for remotely monitoring the dynamic emergence of the adult bactrocera minax population comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting 2 or more than 20 immature yellow and yellow red or to-be-fallen large fruit fly damaged fruits on fruit trees in an orchard with serious large fruit fly insect pests; in practical implementation, a citrus orchard with serious fruit fly damage is typically selected, the period of the fruit damage beginning to fall in 9-11 months in autumn, the fruit orchard is patrolled, more than 20 fruit damage insects which are not ripe, yellow and red in the tree or are about to fall are collected, and generally, the fruit damage fruits are ensured to have no less than 200 mature live larvae.
S2: uniformly placing all the damaged fruits 2 on a representative ground in the orchard, and ensuring that the ground is in a natural state with flat terrain, loose soil and moderate water content;
s3: covering the insect cage 1 above the damaged fruit 2, enabling the insect sticking box 3 to be located 1.0-1.5 meters above the damaged fruit 2, enabling the insect cage 1 to be 1.5-2.0 meters high, preventing eclosion adults from escaping, placing a green fruit-shaped fly trapping ball 17 in the insect sticking box 3, and placing food attractant or sex pheromone substances such as sugar-vinegar liquid and the like in the insect trapping box 18;
s4: transparent double-sided adhesive tapes are adhered to the surfaces of four surfaces of the pest sticking box 3 to form four trapping surfaces, and a proper amount of smell diffusion holes are formed in the trapping surfaces;
s5: the camera regularly shoots the four trapping surfaces of the pest sticking box 3 every day, and ensures that the shooting plane of the camera lens is parallel to the trapping surfaces to form trapping photos.
S6: the trapped photos are uploaded to the cloud server through the wireless transmission module, and monitoring personnel at the background download the trapped photos in the cloud server through the remote PC;
s7: and (3) identifying and counting the number of the female and male adult flies trapping the photos every day by the monitoring personnel according to the external morphological characteristics of the wings of the female and male adult flies of the target object and the characteristics of whether the abdomen of the adult flies has an oviduct.
S8: according to the change of the number of female and male adult bactrocera minax per day, the occurrence dynamics of the adult bactrocera minax population is monitored and analyzed.
Under the condition of keeping the natural overwintering and growth development states of insect fields and relatively closed limited natural space environment, the scheme applies the square transparent pest sticking box 3 filled with fruit-shaped objects, food attractant, sex pheromone and other substances, and utilizes the biological characteristics of the fruit-oriented objects, molasses and sex pheromone of insects to trap the bactrocera dorsalis, thereby being beneficial to remote shooting, identification and counting. The method has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, labor and time saving, small interference of mixed insects, accuracy, easiness in identification, high intelligent degree and the like, has an obvious trapping effect on the Bactrocera minax pests, and provides a scientific and effective method and technical support for intelligent monitoring and early warning of the Bactrocera minax pests in modern agricultural citrus production.
The method can effectively monitor the dynamic change of the population quantity of the adult bactrocera minax in real time in a remote way, and is superior to the monitoring of the methods widely used at present, such as a pupa burying method, a pupa peeling method, a tank hanging method and the like. The method has the advantages of simple and convenient installation, easy operation, complete lured and detected insect body, small interference, easy identification, high intelligent degree, labor and time saving, high monitoring efficiency and good monitoring effect, is suitable for monitoring and early warning of the adult bactrocera dorsalis, and has wide economic, social and ecological benefits.
The utility model effectively maintains the natural state of the field from the drilling of the pests from fruit dropping to the digging and pupation, avoids more interference of manual operation and the outside in the traditional prior art, ensures and meets the effective investigation sampling quantity in the fruit picking quantity, has strong monitoring sampling representativeness, lightens the monitoring labor intensity of the prior period of insect burying, pupation digging and the like, and improves the working efficiency. The arrangement of the insect breeding cage 1 avoids the trapping interference of other external pests such as mosquitoes, flies and other non-target insects, prevents the escape of the monitored object, improves the specificity of pest trapping, and provides an insect source basis and effective guarantee for remote intelligent monitoring and identification.
The utility model also makes full use of the characteristics that adults of the eclosion of the bactrocera dorsalis need to supplement nutrition, feed, tend to molasses and tend to sex pheromone, the characteristics of fruit-oriented shape moving and breeding and the like to effectively attract and trap the eclosion-adhered bactrocera dorsalis adults, the plane trap and adhesion of the insect bodies of the pests in the square transparent grid insect sticking box 3 are visual, clear, complete and non-overlapped and mixed, and the utility model is favorable for distinguishing the external morphological characteristics and the sexes of the insect bodies of the plane-shot insect pests so as to improve the accuracy of intelligent and manual pest identification.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a developments remote monitoring device takes place for bactrocera minax adult population, its characterized in that, square insect rearing cage of making including the gauze, top in the insect rearing cage is provided with square mythimna separata case, four faces of mythimna separata case all constitute through transparent net, be provided with attractant box and fly ball in the mythimna separata case, all be provided with adhesion layer and smell diffusion hole on four faces of mythimna separata case, install on the horizon bar through horizontal rotation drive arrangement the upper end of mythimna separata case, the horizon bar passes insect rearing cage and is connected with the bracing piece, the bracing piece is installed on ground, be provided with the control box on the bracing piece, be provided with the camera of shooing mythimna separata case surface on the horizon bar, be provided with wireless transmission module and controller in the control box, wireless transmission module and camera all are connected with the controller electricity.
2. The device for remotely monitoring the adult citrus fruit fly population occurrence dynamics according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal rod is of a box structure, the driving device is installed in the horizontal rod, and the camera is installed in an installation groove formed in the horizontal rod.
3. The device for remotely monitoring the adult citrus fruit fly population occurrence dynamic state according to claim 2, wherein the driving device comprises a rotary disc, a driven gear is arranged at the lower end of the rotary disc, the driven gear is connected with the upper end of the insect sticking box through a rotating shaft, the driven gear is meshed with a driving gear, and the driving gear is connected with the rotating shaft of a driving motor.
4. The device for remotely monitoring the occurrence dynamics of adult citrus fruit fly populations according to claim 3, wherein a baffle is arranged at the upper end of the insect sticking box, a rainproof dustproof cover is arranged above the insect sticking box, and the rainproof dustproof cover is installed on a horizontal rod.
5. The device for remotely monitoring the adult citrus fruit fly population occurrence dynamic state according to claim 3, wherein two mutually overlapped switch sensors are arranged beside the rotary disc, two first trigger blocks are arranged on the rotary disc, the two first trigger blocks are positioned on the same diameter of the rotary disc, and the first trigger blocks are matched with the switch sensor at the lowest end; two be provided with the second between the first trigger block and trigger the piece, the second triggers the piece and cooperates with the switch sensor of top, switch sensor is connected with the controller electricity.
6. The device for remotely monitoring the adult citrus fruit fly population occurrence dynamic according to claim 1, wherein a solar panel is arranged on the top of the supporting rod, a solar cell is arranged in the control box, and both the solar cell and the solar panel are electrically connected with the controller.
7. The device for remotely monitoring the adult citrus fruit fly population occurrence according to claim 1, wherein the fly trapping ball is a green fruit-shaped fly trapping ball.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112931448A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-06-11 | 成都比昂科技有限公司 | Device and method for remotely monitoring adult population occurrence dynamics of Bactrocera minax |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112931448A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-06-11 | 成都比昂科技有限公司 | Device and method for remotely monitoring adult population occurrence dynamics of Bactrocera minax |
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