CN216698724U - Transmitting antenna array, transmitting antenna system and millimeter wave radar - Google Patents
Transmitting antenna array, transmitting antenna system and millimeter wave radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN216698724U CN216698724U CN202123224681.4U CN202123224681U CN216698724U CN 216698724 U CN216698724 U CN 216698724U CN 202123224681 U CN202123224681 U CN 202123224681U CN 216698724 U CN216698724 U CN 216698724U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses a transmitting antenna array, a transmitting antenna system and a millimeter wave radar. The transmitting antenna array comprises a microstrip transmission line, a first transmitting antenna unit and a second transmitting antenna unit, wherein a current signal can be fed into the microstrip transmission line, the current signal comprises a first branch current and a second branch current which are opposite in current direction, the first transmitting antenna unit is electrically connected to the first transmitting antenna unit and can transmit a first antenna signal under the action of the first branch current, the second transmitting antenna unit is electrically connected to the microstrip transmission line and can transmit a second antenna signal under the action of the second branch current, and the first antenna signal and the second antenna signal are conical on an antenna horizontal radiation pattern. Because the conical antenna beam has the characteristics of low normal antenna gain and high side antenna gain, the transmitting antenna array provided by the embodiment has higher radar antenna side detection capability.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to a transmitting antenna array, a transmitting antenna system, and a millimeter-wave radar.
Background
Compared with the conventional antenna, the millimeter wave radar antenna can more easily realize higher gain and narrower beam width under smaller antenna volume, so that the millimeter wave radar antenna has higher detection precision and longer detection distance, and is widely applied to the fields of traffic, communication and the like.
In the related art, the antenna beam radiated by the millimeter wave radar antenna is generally in the shape of a pen-shaped antenna beam, and the pen-shaped antenna beam has the maximum antenna gain on the main lobe and has a smaller antenna gain on the side lobe or the side lobe, so that the millimeter wave radar antenna has a stronger forward detection capability. In the process of implementing the utility model, the inventor finds that the related art has at least the following disadvantages: antenna gain of the pencil-shaped antenna beam on the side lobe or the side lobe is small, and the side detection distance is short, so that the application scene with high requirement on the side detection capability cannot be met.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The embodiment of the utility model provides a transmitting antenna array, a transmitting antenna system and a millimeter wave radar, which can improve the side detection capability of a radar antenna.
The embodiment of the utility model provides the following technical scheme for improving the technical problems:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transmit antenna array, including:
the microstrip transmission line is used for feeding a current signal, and the current signal comprises a first branch current and a second branch current which have opposite current directions;
the first transmitting antenna unit is electrically connected to the microstrip transmission line and transmits a first antenna signal under the action of the first branch current;
and the second transmitting antenna unit is electrically connected to the microstrip transmission line and transmits a second antenna signal under the action of the second branch current, wherein the first antenna signal and the second antenna signal are conical on an antenna horizontal radiation pattern.
Optionally, the first transmitting antenna unit and the second transmitting antenna unit are symmetrically disposed on two opposite sides of the microstrip transmission line, respectively.
Optionally, an included angle between the first transmitting antenna unit and the microstrip transmission line is a first preset angle, and an included angle between the second transmitting antenna unit and the microstrip transmission line is a second preset angle, where the first preset angle is the same as the second preset angle.
Optionally, the first preset angle and the second preset angle are both 90 degrees.
Optionally, the first preset angle and the second preset angle are both acute angles.
Optionally, the first transmit antenna unit includes a plurality of first transmit array elements, and the plurality of first transmit array elements are disposed on one side of the microstrip transmission line at equal intervals;
the second transmitting antenna unit comprises a plurality of second transmitting array elements, the second transmitting array elements are arranged on the other side of the microstrip transmission line at equal intervals, and each first transmitting array element and the corresponding second transmitting array element are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the microstrip transmission line respectively.
Optionally, a distance between two adjacent first transmitting array elements is a dielectric waveguide wavelength, and a distance between two adjacent second transmitting array elements is a dielectric waveguide wavelength.
Optionally, the length of the first transmitting array element is 0.5 times of the dielectric waveguide wavelength, and the length of the second transmitting array element is 0.5 times of the dielectric waveguide wavelength.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transmitting antenna system, including:
a dielectric substrate; and
as described above, the transmit antenna array is disposed on the dielectric substrate.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a millimeter wave radar including a transmit antenna system as described above.
The embodiment of the utility model has the beneficial effects that: provided are a transmitting antenna array, a transmitting antenna system and a millimeter wave radar. The transmitting antenna array comprises a microstrip transmission line, a first transmitting antenna unit and a second transmitting antenna unit, wherein the microstrip transmission line can be fed with a current signal, the current signal comprises a first branch current and a second branch current with opposite current directions, the first transmitting antenna unit is electrically connected with the first transmitting antenna unit, and can transmit a first antenna signal under the action of the first branch current, the second transmitting antenna unit is electrically connected on the microstrip transmission line and can transmit a second antenna signal under the action of the second branch current, wherein the first antenna signal and the second antenna signal are conical on the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna, because the antenna beam in the cone shape has the characteristics of low normal antenna gain and high side antenna gain, therefore, the transmitting antenna array provided by the embodiment has higher radar antenna side detection capability, and can be suitable for application scenarios with high side detection requirements.
Drawings
The embodiments are illustrated by way of example only in the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments, and in which the figures are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmit antenna array shown in fig. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another transmit antenna array shown in fig. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of another transmit antenna array shown in fig. 1;
fig. 5 is an antenna pattern of a transmitting antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a spatial energy distribution diagram of a transmitting antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a target detection area of a transmitting antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting antenna system arranged on a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the utility model herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In addition, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. It is noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense. For example, an antenna pattern is a pattern that describes the relative spatial distribution of the antenna radiation field as a function of direction. The antenna pattern is also called a lobe pattern because it is in the shape of a petal. In the lobe pattern, the beam within the first zero radiation direction line on both sides of the maximum radiation direction is called a main lobe, and the rest lobes are called side lobes or side lobes.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, as shown in fig. 1, the microstrip antenna includes a dielectric substrate 100 and a transmitting antenna array 200.
The transmitting antenna array 200 is disposed on a surface of the dielectric substrate 100, and a surface of the dielectric substrate 100 away from the transmitting antenna array 200 is grounded. The dielectric substrate comprises parameters such as dielectric constant, dielectric substrate thickness and tangent loss angle, and in order to meet the requirement of antenna design, the dielectric substrate with appropriate parameters needs to be selected. For example, when the method is applied to the design of a 77GHz-81 GHz-frequency-band millimeter wave radar antenna, the RogersRO3003 plate is used as a dielectric substrate. In this embodiment, the parameters or the sheet material of the dielectric substrate 100 can be freely selected based on different applications and design requirements.
As shown in fig. 2, the transmitting antenna array 200 includes a microstrip transmission line 21, a first transmitting antenna unit 22 and a second transmitting antenna unit 23.
The microstrip transmission line 21 can be fed with a current signal, which includes a first branch current and a second branch current with opposite current directions. The microstrip transmission line is a microwave transmission line formed by a single conductor strip supported on a dielectric substrate.
The first transmitting antenna unit 22 is electrically connected to the microstrip transmission line 21, and the first transmitting antenna unit 22 transmits a first antenna signal under the action of the first branch current. When the transmit antenna array 200 is in operation, the microstrip transmission line 21 provides the first branch current to the first transmit antenna unit 22 as an excitation signal of the first transmit antenna unit 22, so that the first transmit antenna unit 22 radiates energy (first antenna signal) into space.
The second transmitting antenna unit 23 is electrically connected to the microstrip transmission line 21, and the second transmitting antenna unit 23 transmits a second antenna signal under the action of the second branch current. When the transmit antenna array 200 is in operation, the microstrip transmission line 21 provides the second branch current to the second transmit antenna unit 23 as the excitation signal of the second transmit antenna unit 23, so that the second transmit antenna unit 23 radiates energy (second antenna signal) into space.
The first antenna signal transmitted by the first transmitting antenna unit 22 and the second antenna signal transmitted by the second transmitting antenna unit 23 are tapered in the antenna horizontal radiation pattern.
When the first transmitting antenna unit 22 transmits the first antenna signal to the space and the second transmitting antenna unit 23 transmits the second antenna signal to the space, under the combined action of the first antenna signal and the second antenna signal, a conical antenna beam is formed, the shape corresponding to the antenna horizontal radiation pattern is also conical, and the conical antenna beam has the characteristics of low normal antenna gain and high side antenna gain.
In some embodiments, the first transmitting antenna unit 22 and the second transmitting antenna unit 23 are symmetrically disposed on two opposite sides of the microstrip transmission line 21. By the mode, the cone-shaped wave beams formed by the first antenna signals and the second antenna signals are more symmetrical on the horizontal radiation directional diagram of the antenna, and the reliability of side detection is improved.
In some embodiments, the included angle between the first transmitting antenna unit 22 and the microstrip transmission line 21 is a first predetermined angle, and the included angle between the second transmitting antenna unit 23 and the microstrip transmission line 21 is a second predetermined angle, where the first predetermined angle is the same as the second predetermined angle. By the mode, the symmetry of the cone-shaped wave beam on the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna can be further improved, and the reliability of side detection is further improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle are both 90 degrees. That is, the first transmitting antenna unit 22 and the second transmitting antenna unit 23 are perpendicular to the microstrip transmission line 21.
It is understood that the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle may be any other suitable angles based on different applications and design requirements, as long as the first predetermined angle is the same as the second predetermined angle. For example, in some embodiments, the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle are both acute angles. Wherein acute angles include, but are not limited to, 75 degrees, 60 degrees, 45 degrees, and the like.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4 together, the first transmitting antenna unit 22 includes a plurality of first transmitting array elements 221, the plurality of first transmitting array elements 221 are disposed at equal intervals on one side of the microstrip transmission line 21, the second transmitting antenna unit 23 includes a plurality of second transmitting array elements 231, the plurality of second transmitting array elements 231 are disposed at equal intervals on the other side of the microstrip transmission line 21, and the plurality of first transmitting array elements 221 and the plurality of second transmitting array elements 231 are in one-to-one correspondence, and each of the first transmitting array elements 221 and the corresponding second transmitting array element 231 are symmetrically disposed on two opposite sides of the microstrip transmission line 21 respectively.
In this embodiment, each first transmitting array element 221 in the first transmitting antenna unit 22 and the second transmitting array element 231 in the corresponding second transmitting antenna unit 23 are symmetrically disposed on two opposite sides of the microstrip transmission line 21, so that the antenna beams in the cone shape are more symmetric, and the side detection efficiency and reliability are effectively improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 or fig. 4, the microstrip transmission line 21 includes a plurality of spaced apart feeding nodes 21a, and each feeding node 21a is electrically connected to a first transmitting element 221 and a second transmitting element 231, respectively. The microstrip transmission line 21 may feed a first branch current to a first transmit array element 221 and a second branch current in the opposite direction to the first branch current to a second transmit array element 231 at each feed node 21 a.
In some embodiments, the distance between two adjacent feeding nodes 21a is N times the dielectric waveguide wavelength, where N is any natural number above 1.
In this way, it is ensured that the first transmitting elements 221 disposed on one side of the microstrip transmission line 21 and the second transmitting elements 231 disposed on the other side of the microstrip transmission line 21 are in the same phase, so as to ensure that the first transmitting antenna unit 22 reliably transmits the first antenna signal and the second transmitting antenna reliably transmits the second antenna signal.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the spacing d1 between two adjacent feed nodes 21a is a dielectric waveguide wavelength. Therefore, by the mode, higher antenna gain can be obtained on the basis of occupying as small space as possible, and the detection performance is ensured.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the length L1 of the first transmit array element 221 is 0.5 times the dielectric waveguide wavelength. The width of the first transmitting array elements 22 can be customized by a user according to service requirements, and the widths of the first transmitting array elements 221 may be equal or unequal.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the length L2 of the second transmitting array element 23 is 0.5 times the dielectric waveguide wavelength. The width of the second transmitting array element 23 can be customized by the user according to the service requirement, and the widths of the second transmitting array elements 231 may be equal or unequal.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating antenna patterns of a transmit antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, a curve 1 is an antenna pattern of a conventional antenna beam in a pen shape, and a curve 2 is an antenna pattern of a transmitting antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from curve 1, the curve is a pencil-shaped antenna beam having a high gain at the center and low gains at both sides, and as can be seen from curve 2, the curve is a cone-shaped antenna beam having a low gain at the center and high gains at both sides. It can be seen by comparing the curve 1 and the curve 2 that the curve 2 has the maximum gain in the ± 60 ° direction and the gain in the same direction as the curve 1 is increased by about 10dB, so that, compared with the conventional technique, the effective detection distance of the side of the transmitting antenna array provided by this embodiment can be increased by about one time, the side detection performance is greatly improved, and the transmitting antenna array is very suitable for application scenarios with high requirements on the side detection capability.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a spatial energy distribution diagram of a transmitting antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the spatial energy is mainly concentrated on both sides, thereby effectively detecting the objects on both sides. Meanwhile, in the forward movement process of the transmitting antenna system, the object in front is easily called as an interference source, the introduction of the interference source can reduce the signal to noise ratio during subsequent signal processing, and the detection of the objects on two sides is not facilitated, and as can be seen in fig. 6, the spatial energy forms a zero depression in the normal direction (in front), so that the interference of the object in front is effectively reduced, and the reliable detection of the objects on two sides is facilitated.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a millimeter wave radar including the transmitting antenna system described above.
The millimeter wave radar provided by the embodiment can radiate a conical antenna beam in space, can improve the side detection distance, has stronger side detection capability, meets the application scene with higher requirement on the side detection capability, effectively overcomes the technical problem that the side detection capability of the traditional antenna beam in a pen shape is weak, concentrates the radiated energy of the millimeter wave radar provided by the embodiment on the side, has extremely low energy in the front, and effectively reduces the interference of the front object on the detection of the side object.
It can be understood that, when the millimeter-wave radar provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used as a vehicle-mounted radar, as shown in fig. 7, the target detection areas in the areas on both sides of the vehicle and the area in front of the vehicle are used as interference areas, and due to the adoption of the antenna beam having a cone shape, objects in the target detection areas will be accurately detected, and objects in the interference areas are almost shielded.
It can be understood that, in order to effectively detect the object on the side of the vehicle, as shown in fig. 8, the antenna beams in the pen shape need to be arranged on both sides of the vehicle, and the antenna beams in the cone shape only need to be arranged in front of the vehicle, so that the antenna beams in the cone shape can reduce the cost.
Finally, it is to be understood that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the present specification, which are provided as additional limitations to the present disclosure, and which are provided for the purpose of providing a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure. In the light of the above, the above features are combined with each other and many other variations of the different aspects of the utility model described above are considered to be within the scope of the present description; further, modifications and variations will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the true spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A transmit antenna array, comprising:
the microstrip transmission line is used for feeding a current signal, and the current signal comprises a first branch current and a second branch current which have opposite current directions;
the first transmitting antenna unit is electrically connected to the microstrip transmission line and transmits a first antenna signal under the action of the first branch current;
and the second transmitting antenna unit is electrically connected to the microstrip transmission line and transmits a second antenna signal under the action of the second branch current, wherein the first antenna signal and the second antenna signal are conical on an antenna horizontal radiation pattern.
2. The transmit antenna array of claim 1, wherein the first transmit antenna unit and the second transmit antenna unit are symmetrically disposed on opposite sides of the microstrip transmission line.
3. The transmit antenna array of claim 2, wherein an angle between the first transmit antenna element and the microstrip transmission line is a first predetermined angle, and an angle between the second transmit antenna element and the microstrip transmission line is a second predetermined angle, wherein the first predetermined angle is the same as the second predetermined angle.
4. The transmit antenna array of claim 3, wherein the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle are both 90 degrees.
5. The transmit antenna array of claim 3, wherein the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle are both acute angles.
6. The transmit antenna array of claim 2,
the first transmitting antenna unit comprises a plurality of first transmitting array elements, and the first transmitting array elements are arranged on one side of the microstrip transmission line at equal intervals;
the second transmitting antenna unit comprises a plurality of second transmitting array elements, the second transmitting array elements are arranged on the other side of the microstrip transmission line at equal intervals, and each first transmitting array element and the corresponding second transmitting array element are symmetrically arranged on two opposite sides of the microstrip transmission line respectively.
7. An array of transmit antennas according to claim 6, wherein the spacing between two adjacent first transmit array elements is a dielectric waveguide wavelength and the spacing between two adjacent second transmit array elements is a dielectric waveguide wavelength.
8. An array of transmit antennas according to claim 6, wherein the first transmit array elements have a length of 0.5 dielectric waveguide wavelength and the second transmit array elements have a length of 0.5 dielectric waveguide wavelength.
9. A transmit antenna system, comprising:
a dielectric substrate; and
the transmit antenna array of any of claims 1 to 8, disposed on the dielectric substrate.
10. A millimeter wave radar comprising the transmit antenna system of claim 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123224681.4U CN216698724U (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Transmitting antenna array, transmitting antenna system and millimeter wave radar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123224681.4U CN216698724U (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Transmitting antenna array, transmitting antenna system and millimeter wave radar |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216698724U true CN216698724U (en) | 2022-06-07 |
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| CN202123224681.4U Active CN216698724U (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Transmitting antenna array, transmitting antenna system and millimeter wave radar |
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Address after: 518000 401, Building B1, Nanshan Zhiyuan, No. 1001, Xueyuan Avenue, Changyuan Community, Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Patentee after: Shenzhen Saifang Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518000 room 701, building B1, Nanshan wisdom garden, 1001 Xueyuan Avenue, Changyuan community, Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Shenzhen Daotong Intelligent Automobile Co.,Ltd. |