CN216413259U - Wide-band helical antenna - Google Patents
Wide-band helical antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN216413259U CN216413259U CN202121265710.9U CN202121265710U CN216413259U CN 216413259 U CN216413259 U CN 216413259U CN 202121265710 U CN202121265710 U CN 202121265710U CN 216413259 U CN216413259 U CN 216413259U
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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Abstract
The application discloses broadband helical antenna includes: the antenna comprises an antenna body, a low-frequency element and a parasitic element. A low frequency component is spirally arranged around the antenna main body and used for generating a first harmonic wave; the parasitic element is arranged close to the low-frequency element and used for generating a second harmonic wave; the first harmonic and the second harmonic generate a coupled resonance peak. In this embodiment, the parasitic element is disposed close to the low frequency element, and a coupling resonance peak can be generated by coupling the first harmonic generated by the low frequency element and the second harmonic generated by the parasitic arm, thereby realizing a wide band.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of helical antennas, and more particularly, to a broadband helical antenna.
Background
The helical antenna is made of metal with good conductivity and has a helical shape, has the advantages of circular polarization and wide beam width, and is widely applied to satellite communication and personal mobile communication. Particularly, the quadrifilar helix antenna has been developed and practically applied deeply due to its characteristics of high gain, good directivity and circular polarization.
In the prior art, the four-arm helical antenna has a narrow frequency band characteristic due to the self-resonance structure, and generally, the four-arm helical antenna has a narrow working frequency band.
Content of application
In view of this, the present application provides a broadband helical antenna, which is used to solve the problem that the operating band of a conventional quadrifilar helical antenna is relatively narrow due to the fact that the resonant structure of the quadrifilar helical antenna has a narrow-band characteristic.
To achieve one or a part or all of the above or other objects, the present application provides a broadband helical antenna, comprising:
an antenna main body;
a low frequency component helically disposed around the antenna body for generating a first harmonic;
a parasitic element disposed proximate to the low frequency element for generating a second harmonic that is coupled to the first harmonic.
In the wideband helical antenna of the present application, the low frequency element spirals clockwise from the first end of the antenna body to the second end of the antenna body;
the parasitic element spirals clockwise from the first end of the antenna body to the second end of the antenna body.
In the broad-band helical antenna of the present application, the low-frequency member is provided in plurality, and the low-frequency member is spirally wound around the antenna main body at equal intervals.
In the broad-band helical antenna according to the present application, an end surface of the second end of the antenna main body is provided with a short arm, and the first end of the antenna main body is provided with a feeding point; one end of the low-frequency component is connected with one end of the short arm component, and the other end of the low-frequency component is connected with the feeding point.
In the broad-band helical antenna of the present application, the short arm member is a swastika short-circuit arm, and four ends of the short arm member are disposed at an edge of an end surface of the second end of the antenna main body, so as to be connected to the low-frequency member.
In the broadband helical antenna of the present application, the antenna body is a PPO antenna body.
In the wideband helical antenna of the present application, the antenna main body includes a cylindrical portion having the same radius and a truncated cone portion having a gradually changing radius connected to the cylindrical portion.
In the broad-band helical antenna according to the present application, the antenna main body has a hollow structure inside.
In the broad banded helical antenna described herein, the wall thickness of the antenna body is 0.6-1.2 mm.
In the broad-band helical antenna according to the present application, the antenna main body is wound with a high-frequency member extending from the first end of the antenna main body toward the second end of the antenna main body in a clockwise spiral manner.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the application lie in: in this embodiment, the parasitic element is disposed close to the low frequency element, and a coupling resonance peak can be generated by coupling the first harmonic generated by the low frequency element and the second harmonic generated by the parasitic element, thereby realizing a wide band.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a broadband helical antenna in one embodiment.
Figure 2 is one of the radiation patterns of the wide-band helical antenna of figure 1 at 1.227 Ghz.
Figure 3 is a second radiation pattern at 1.227Ghz for the wide-band helical antenna of figure 1.
Figure 4 is an axial ratio plot of the wide-band helical antenna of figure 1 at 1.227 Ghz.
Figure 5 is one of the radiation patterns of the wideband helical antenna of figure 1 at 1.575 Ghz.
Figure 6 is a second radiation pattern at 1.575Ghz for the wideband helical antenna of figure 1.
Figure 7 is an axial ratio plot at 1.575Ghz for the wideband helical antenna of figure 1.
Wherein:
11. an antenna main body; 12. a low frequency component; 13. a parasitic element; 14. a high-frequency part; 15. a feed point; 16. a ground point; 17. a short arm member; 18. a ground plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Firstly, in order to facilitate understanding of the application, a brief introduction is made to the application field of the application, the application discloses a broadband helical antenna which supports the radio frequency signal reception of all civil frequency point signals of four main stream satellite navigation systems including a Beidou system, realizes the miniaturization and low cost of a high-precision receiving antenna, and is oriented to low-cost high-precision application fields of mobile GIS, lane-level navigation, precision agriculture, positioning and orientation, RTK (real time kinematic) precision measurement, UAV/UAS (unmanned aerial vehicle/unmanned aerial vehicle) systems, automatic driving vehicles, outdoor handheld equipment, seismic monitoring, marine positioning and the like.
The broadband antenna is characterized in that the antenna has a wider half-power angle and a wider gain bandwidth, the application field of satellite navigation is developed towards high precision, miniaturization and portability at present, the space reserved for a high-precision receiving spiral antenna is increasingly narrow, the size of the spiral antenna is limited to a great extent, the broadband of the spiral antenna is limited, and therefore how to widen the bandwidth of the spiral antenna is particularly important. The present invention thus provides a broadband helical antenna coupled by a novel dielectric substrate and a parasitic arm in combination of two structures.
Referring to fig. 1, a broadband helical antenna includes: an antenna body 11, a low frequency element 12 and a parasitic element 13. A low frequency component 12 is arranged spirally around said antenna body 11 for generating a first harmonic; a parasitic element 13 is arranged close to said low frequency element 12 for generating a second harmonic; the first harmonic and the second harmonic generate a coupled resonance peak. In the present embodiment, the parasitic element 13 is disposed close to the low frequency element 12, and a coupling resonance peak is generated by coupling the first harmonic generated by the low frequency element 12 and the second harmonic generated by the parasitic element 13, thereby realizing a wide band.
In one embodiment, the low frequency part 12 spirals clockwise from the first end of the antenna body 11 to the second end of the antenna body 11; the parasitic element 13 spirally rises clockwise from the first end of the antenna body 11 to the second end of the antenna body 11. In the present embodiment, by winding the low frequency element 12 and the parasitic element 13 around the antenna main body 11 in a clockwise spiral manner, respectively, the radial span of the winding of the low frequency element 12 and the parasitic element 13 around the antenna main body 11 can be increased, thereby achieving a wider impedance matching bandwidth.
In one embodiment, in order to enhance the signal receiving capability of the antenna, the low frequency component 12 is provided in plurality, and a plurality of the low frequency components 12 are spirally wound on the antenna body 11 at equal intervals. Meanwhile, the low-frequency pieces 12 are arranged at equal intervals, so that the efficiency of the antenna is improved.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the number of the low frequency components 12 is 4, and each low frequency component 12 is closely provided with the parasitic component 13, so as to ensure the coupling of the first harmonic and the second harmonic, and thus a coupling resonance peak can be generated, thereby implementing a broadband.
In one embodiment, the end surface of the second end of the antenna body 11 is provided with a short arm 17, and the first end of the antenna body 11 is provided with a feeding point 15; one end of the low-frequency element 12 is connected to one end of the short arm 17, and the other end is connected to the feeding point 15.
In one embodiment, the short arm 17 is a swastika short arm, and four ends of the short arm 17 are disposed at an edge of an end surface of the second end of the antenna main body 11, so as to be connected to the low frequency component 12.
In the present embodiment, the parasitic element 13 is disposed in close contact with the low frequency element 12, but both ends of the parasitic element 13 are connected to the free end and are not connected to other structures. The width of the parasitic element 13 is wider at a portion near the first end of the antenna body 11 than at a portion near the second end of the antenna body 11.
In one embodiment, the antenna body 11 is a PPO antenna body, the PPO antenna body is the antenna body 11 made of a PPO material, the dielectric constant of the antenna body 11 is low, so that the size of the antenna can be reduced, and meanwhile, the dielectric loss of the antenna is reduced due to the low dielectric constant of the material, so that the gain and the efficiency of the antenna are improved.
In one embodiment, the antenna body 11 includes a cylindrical portion with the same radius and a truncated cone portion with a gradually changing radius connected to the cylindrical portion. Specifically, the cylindrical portion includes a cylindrical first end and a cylindrical second end. The circular truncated cone body comprises a circular truncated cone first end and a circular truncated cone second end. The cylindrical portion is located at the first end of the antenna main body 11, the circular truncated cone portion is located at the second end of the antenna main body 11, the second end of the cylinder is connected with the first end of the circular truncated cone, the radius of the first end of the circular truncated cone portion is the same as that of the cylinder, and the radius of the circular truncated cone portion is gradually reduced from the first end of the circular truncated cone to the second end of the circular truncated cone. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cylindrical portion is a lower portion of the antenna main body 11, and the circular truncated cone portion is an upper portion of the antenna. In the present embodiment, the combined structure of the upper partial circular truncated cone and the lower partial cylinder of the antenna body 11 makes the low frequency part 12 winding and the radius of the parasitic part 13 gradually change periodically, thereby realizing a wide impedance matching bandwidth.
In one embodiment, the antenna body 11 is hollow for saving material and reducing the weight of the antenna body 11 for easy transportation and assembly and disassembly.
In one embodiment, the wall thickness of the antenna body 11 is 0.6-1.2 mm. In the present embodiment, the wall thickness of the antenna body 11 is 0.9 mm.
In one embodiment, the antenna body 11 is wound with a high frequency component 14, and the high frequency component 14 extends from the first end of the antenna body 11 to the second end of the antenna body 11 in a clockwise spiral manner.
In this embodiment, the antenna body 11 is provided with a grounding point 16 on the feeding point 15 side, the high-frequency element 14 is connected to the grounding point 16 at a first end, the second end is a free end, and the end of the second end is located at about the middle position of the antenna body 11.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the low frequency component 12 may be a low frequency spiral arm, the high frequency component 14 may be a high frequency spiral arm, and the parasitic component 13 may be a parasitic arm.
The structure of the broadband helical antenna of this embodiment is described in detail below:
the helical antenna in the present embodiment includes an antenna main body 11, a low-frequency helical arm, a high-frequency helical arm, a parasitic arm, a connection point, and a floor. Antenna main part 11 upper portion is the round platform, and the lower part is the cylinder, and irradiator part includes four high frequency spiral arms, four settings at the top and through swastika short circuit arm connection's low frequency spiral arm and four parasitic arms of hugging closely the low frequency spiral arm of radium carving on antenna main part 11 surface. A ground plane 18 is located at the bottom end of the antenna body 11 in direct contact with the four pairs of connection points and feed points 15. Four pairs of low frequency spiral arms, four pairs of high frequency spiral arms are rotatory clockwise upwards along antenna main part 11 surface, and low frequency spiral arm is connected with top swastika short circuit arm, and parasitic arm hugs closely and twines in antenna main part 11 and the trend is the same in the low frequency spiral arm. The four pairs of grounding points 16, the feeding points 15 and the grounding plate 18 are tightly connected through welding, signals with the phase difference of 90 degrees are input to the four feeding points 15 through the grounding plate 18, and the grounding points 16 and the grounding plate 18 form a current loop. The antenna receives satellite signals, the signals are amplified by the amplifying circuit on the grounding plate 18 and then transmitted to the receiver, and the signal receiving of four satellite navigation systems of Beidou, GPS, GLONASS and Galileo can be supported.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 6 and fig. 7, the low-frequency and high-frequency 3dB gain beam width is about 90 °, so that a higher gain at a low elevation angle is realized, and the antenna has a strong signal receiving capability at a low elevation angle.
Referring to fig. 4 and 7, the low-frequency and high-frequency 3dB axial ratio beam width is about 150 °, so that a high circular polarization degree with a low elevation angle is achieved, and the signal gain difference in different directions is low.
This quadrifilar helix antenna chooses for use the upper portion to be the round platform, and the lower part is cylindrical PPO antenna main part for the irradiator (including low frequency spiral arm, low frequency spiral arm and parasitic arm) winding radius periodic gradual change, thereby realize the impedance match bandwidth of broad, and the PPO material has less loss angle tangent value, can reduce dielectric loss, thereby improves antenna efficiency and gain. And a coupling resonance peak can be generated by adjusting the size of the parasitic arm and the gap width between the parasitic arm and the low-frequency spiral arm, so that broadband is realized. Compared with a traditional four-arm spiral antenna, the spiral antenna disclosed by the application covers the full frequency band (B1C, L1C, L1C/A, E1OS, B1I, L2P/Y, L2C, B3I, B2a, L5 and E5a), has high gain and realizes broadband.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, so that the present application is not limited thereto, and all equivalent variations and modifications can be made to the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A broadband helical antenna, comprising:
an antenna main body;
a low frequency component helically disposed around the antenna body for generating a first harmonic;
a parasitic element disposed proximate to the low frequency element for generating a second harmonic that is coupled to the first harmonic.
2. The wideband helical antenna of claim 1, wherein said low frequency element spirals clockwise from a first end of said antenna body to a second end of said antenna body;
the parasitic element spirals clockwise from the first end of the antenna body to the second end of the antenna body.
3. The wideband helical antenna of claim 2, wherein said low frequency element is provided in plurality, and a plurality of said low frequency elements are spirally wound in equally spaced relationship on said antenna body.
4. The wideband helical antenna of claim 3, wherein said second end of said antenna body has a short arm member at its end face and said first end of said antenna body has a feed point; one end of the low-frequency component is connected with one end of the short arm component, and the other end of the low-frequency component is connected with the feeding point.
5. The wideband helical antenna of claim 4, wherein said short arm member is a swastika short arm, and four ends of said short arm member are disposed at the edge of the end face of the second end of said antenna body for connection to said low frequency member.
6. The wideband helical antenna of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said antenna body is a PPO antenna body.
7. The wideband helical antenna of claim 6, wherein said antenna body comprises a cylindrical portion of the same radius and a tapered radius frustum portion connected to said cylindrical portion.
8. The wideband helical antenna of claim 7, wherein said antenna body is hollow on the inside.
9. The wideband helical antenna of claim 8, wherein said antenna body has a wall thickness of 0.6-1.2 mm.
10. The wideband helical antenna of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein said antenna body has a high frequency element wound thereon, said high frequency element extending from a first end of said antenna body helically clockwise toward a second end of said antenna body.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121265710.9U CN216413259U (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Wide-band helical antenna |
| PCT/CN2021/103602 WO2022257203A1 (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-30 | Broadband helical antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121265710.9U CN216413259U (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Wide-band helical antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216413259U true CN216413259U (en) | 2022-04-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202121265710.9U Active CN216413259U (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Wide-band helical antenna |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN216413259U (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022257203A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117317576B (en) * | 2023-11-29 | 2024-02-06 | 福建福大北斗通信科技有限公司 | Broadband four-arm helical antenna |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI113220B (en) * | 2000-06-12 | 2004-03-15 | Filtronic Lk Oy | Antenna with several bands |
| CN101308950A (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-19 | 英资莱尔德无线通信技术（北京）有限公司 | Antenna device |
| CN205282639U (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-06-01 | 深圳市华颖泰科电子技术有限公司 | Dual -frenquency helical antenna |
| CN110970727A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2020-04-07 | 北京合众思壮科技股份有限公司 | Helical antenna |
| CN209418763U (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-09-20 | 深圳市集众思创科技有限公司 | A kind of miniaturization full range four-arm spiral antenna |
-
2021
- 2021-06-07 CN CN202121265710.9U patent/CN216413259U/en active Active
- 2021-06-30 WO PCT/CN2021/103602 patent/WO2022257203A1/en unknown
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| WO2022257203A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 |
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