CN214747811U - Light path of composite hologram with two groups of orthogonal interference fringes - Google Patents
Light path of composite hologram with two groups of orthogonal interference fringes Download PDFInfo
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- CN214747811U CN214747811U CN202120582997.1U CN202120582997U CN214747811U CN 214747811 U CN214747811 U CN 214747811U CN 202120582997 U CN202120582997 U CN 202120582997U CN 214747811 U CN214747811 U CN 214747811U
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Abstract
The invention relates to a light path of a compound hologram of two groups of orthogonal interference fringes, wherein one beam of collimated parallel light is modulated by a sample to be used as an object beam, and the other beam of collimated parallel light coherent with the sample is converted into periodic polarized structure light to be used as a reference beam after passing through a polarization grating; the object beam and the reference beam are combined by a depolarization beam splitter prism, and simultaneously, the plane of the included angle of the two beams is parallel to the grid line of the polarization grating and generates off-axis interference; the lens images the sample and the polarization grating on the recording surface of the image acquisition device to obtain a composite hologram. The light path related by the method has the advantages of simple structure, easy adjustment, high real-time measurement precision and the like, is suitable for dynamically measuring the three-dimensional complete information of any light beam and representing optical polarization samples and elements, and is also suitable for dynamic measurement and real-time monitoring of other complex physical systems.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectricity, and relates to an optical path of a composite hologram with two groups of orthogonal interference fringes.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous deepening of the understanding of laser and the development of the application of laser technology, a series of novel beams with special spatial distribution, such as vortex beams with spiral phase, vector beams with polarization state depending on spatial distribution, airy beams with transverse self-acceleration and non-diffraction characteristics, are proposed by regulating the parameters of amplitude, phase, polarization and the like of the beams. These beams have been widely used in the fields of super-resolution imaging, optical micromanipulation, laser micromachining, large-capacity optical communication, and the like. The related application of the periodic polarization structure light field still needs to be explored.
The accurate and rapid measurement of the complete information of the light beam in the three-dimensional space, including the amplitude, phase and polarization distribution of the light beam, is the basis of the application research for developing novel space structure light beams. Conventional holography can only measure the phase and amplitude of the light field. The method for measuring the polarization state of the light beam mainly utilizes the combination of a wave plate and a polaroid, and calculates the polarization distribution of the light beam after recording a series of intensity graphs in different polarization directions. The method has slow measuring process and large measuring error, so that great difficulty is faced in rapidly measuring transient polarization dynamics. Meanwhile, researchers have proposed measuring the polarization distribution of a light beam by using an interferometric phase shift method, but such a method is only suitable for measuring a scalar light beam. In order to measure the phase and polarization distribution of any light beam synchronously, researchers propose to use structural materials such as a super surface and a sub-wavelength grating, and the measuring method has the advantages of small and stable measuring system volume, but is only suitable for representing the local distribution of the light beam. In summary, the current means capable of simultaneously measuring the complete information of the optical field has many limitations, and the measurement system is not only bulky, but also has high requirements on the quality and the accurate alignment of the used optical elements.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the optical path of the compound hologram with two groups of orthogonal interference fringes.
Technical scheme
An optical path for implementing a composite hologram of said two sets of orthogonal interference fringes, characterized in that the sample 6 is a transmissive sample; the light path comprises a polarization grating 8, a second depolarization beam splitter prism 9, a lens 10 and an image acquisition device 11; one laser beam passes through a sample 6 and then is used as an object beam, and the other beam of collimated parallel light coherent with the laser beam passes through a polarization grating 8 and then is converted into periodic polarization structure light which is used as a reference beam; the object beam and the reference beam are combined by the second depolarizing beam splitter prism 9 to generate off-axis interference, and the plane of the included angle between the two beams is parallel to the grid line of the polarization grating 82; the lens 10 images the sample 6 and the polarization grating 8 onto the recording surface of the image acquisition device 11 to obtain a composite hologram.
The sample 6 may be a reflection sample; when sample 6 is a reflective sample; a third depolarizing beam splitter 12 is arranged between the reflection sample and the second depolarizing beam splitter 9, a laser beam received is reflected to the reflection sample through the third depolarizing beam splitter 12, and the reflection sample reflects the laser beam and transmits the third depolarizing beam splitter 12 to be used as an object beam.
For a transmission sample, the light path for forming two beams of laser comprises a coherent light source 1, a beam expander 2, a half-wave plate 3, a first depolarizing beam splitter prism 4, a first reflector 5 and a second reflector 7; a fine laser beam output by a coherent light source 1 is expanded by a beam expander 2 and collimated into a beam of parallel light, the beam is modulated into horizontal linear polarized light by a half-wave plate 3, the beam is divided into two beams of transmission light and reflection light which are perpendicular to each other by a first depolarization beam splitter prism 4, and the transmission light is modulated into an object beam by a transmission type sample 6 after being reflected by a first reflector 5; the reflected light is converted into polarized structured light as a reference beam by the polarization grating 8 after being reflected by the second reflecting mirror 7.
For a reflected sample, the light path for forming two beams of laser comprises a coherent light source 1, a beam expander 2, a half-wave plate 3, a first depolarizing beam splitter prism 4, a first reflector 5 and a second reflector 7; a fine laser beam output by a coherent light source 1 is expanded and collimated into a beam of parallel light by a beam expander 2, is modulated into horizontal linear polarized light by a half-wave plate 3, is divided into two beams of transmission light and reflection light which are perpendicular to each other by a first depolarizing beam splitter prism 4, and the transmission light is modulated into an object beam by a reflective sample 6 after being reflected by a third depolarizing beam splitter prism 12; the reflected light is converted into polarized structured light as a reference beam by the polarization grating 8 after being reflected by the second reflecting mirror 7.
The polarization grating 8 is a common optical element, and can convert a light beam into a periodic polarization structure light field, and the polarization state of the periodic polarization structure light field periodically changes along the direction perpendicular to the grid lines.
When the distances from the sample 6 and the polarization grating 8 to the depolarization beam splitter prism 9 are equal, the detection plane is the plane where the sample 6 is located; when the distances between the two are unequal, complete information at the position of the sample 6 can be obtained through calculation.
The sample 6 is a sample to be measured, and may be a transmissive or reflective optical sample. One collimated parallel beam passes through the sample 6 and is modulated by it as an object beam.
The polarization grating 2, which is a common optical element, can convert a light beam into a periodic polarization structure light field, and the polarization state of the light field periodically changes along the direction perpendicular to the grid line. One beam of collimated parallel light passes through the polarization grating 2 and is converted into periodic polarization structure light to be used as a reference beam.
The two collimated light beams are mutually coherent and can be obtained by splitting beams from the same single-mode laser.
The function of the depolarizing beam splitter prism 3 is to combine the object beam and the reference beam so that they interfere with each other off-axis. The depolarization beam splitter prism 3 is required to be adjusted to enable the plane of the included angle of the two light beams to be parallel to the grid line of the polarization grating 2.
The lens 4 is used for imaging the sample 6 and the polarization grating 2.
The image acquisition device 5 is placed at an image plane where the lens 4 images the polarization grating 2, and is used for recording the intensity distribution of the interference fringe pattern of the two light beams.
An image acquisition device 5 is used for recording to obtain a composite hologram comprising two groups of mutually orthogonal interference fringes, information in the hologram is extracted through digital holography, complex amplitude distribution of two orthogonal circular polarization components of a measured field can be obtained, and therefore complete information of an object beam in a three-dimensional space, including amplitude, phase and polarization distribution of the beam, can be obtained through calculation.
Advantageous effects
In the optical path of the compound hologram with two groups of orthogonal interference fringes, one beam of collimated parallel light is modulated by a sample to be used as an object beam, and the other beam of collimated parallel light coherent with the sample is converted into periodic polarized structure light after passing through a polarization grating to be used as a reference beam; the object beam and the reference beam are combined by a depolarization beam splitter prism, and simultaneously, the plane of the included angle of the two beams is parallel to the grid line of the polarization grating and generates off-axis interference; the lens images the sample and the polarization grating on the recording surface of the image acquisition device to obtain a composite hologram. The light path related by the method has the advantages of simple structure, easy adjustment, high real-time measurement precision and the like, is suitable for dynamically measuring the three-dimensional complete information of any light beam and representing optical polarization samples and elements, and is also suitable for dynamic measurement and real-time monitoring of other complex physical systems.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic optical path of a compound hologram with two sets of orthogonal interference fringes according to the present invention. In the figure, 6-sample, 8-polarization grating, 9-depolarization beam splitter prism, 10-lens, 11-image acquisition device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path and structure of a composite hologram of the present invention for two sets of orthogonal interference fringes of a transmissive sample. In the figure, 1-coherent light source, 2-beam expander, 3-half wave plate, 4-first depolarization beam splitter prism, 5-first reflector, 6-transmission sample, 7-second reflector, 8-polarization grating, 9-second depolarization beam splitter prism, 10-lens and 11-image acquisition device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path and structure of a composite hologram of the present invention for two sets of orthogonal interference fringes of a reflective sample. In the figure, 1-coherent light source, 2-beam expander, 3-half wave plate, 4-first depolarization beam splitter prism, 12-third depolarization beam splitter prism, 6-reflection sample, 7-reflector, 8-polarization grating, 9-second depolarization beam splitter prism, 10-lens and 11-image acquisition device.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings:
example 1
According to the technical scheme of the invention, a measuring light path of a transmission type sample shown in figure 2 is designed, and the working flow is as follows:
a fine laser beam output by a coherent light source 1 is expanded by a beam expander 2 and collimated into a beam of parallel light, the parallel light is modulated into horizontal linear polarized light by a half-wave plate 3, the horizontal linear polarized light is divided into two beams of transmission light and reflection light which are perpendicular to each other by a first depolarization beam splitter prism 4, the transmission light is modulated into an object beam by a transmission type sample 6 after being reflected by a first reflector 5, and then the object beam enters a second depolarization beam splitter prism 9; the reflected light is converted into polarized structured light as reference light through the polarization grating 8 after being reflected by the second reflecting mirror 7, and then enters the second depolarization beam splitter prism 9. The object beam and the reference beam are respectively input from two orthogonal directions of the second depolarization beam splitter prism 9, off-axis interference is generated after the object beam and the reference beam pass through the second depolarization beam splitter prism 9, and the plane of the included angle of the two beams is parallel to the grid line of the polarization grating 8; the lens 10 images the transmissive sample 6 and the polarization grating 8 on the recording surface of the pattern acquisition device 11 to obtain a composite hologram.
According to the technical scheme, the complete information of the measured field can be measured. In the example, the transmission sample 6 adopts a vortex wave plate to generate a vector vortex light beam as an object light beam, and the intensity distribution, the phase distribution and the Stokes parameter S of the light beam are obtained through measurement1、 S2、S3. Experiments can determine that the light beam generated by the vortex wave plate is a first-order vector light beam and carries a 1-order vortex phase, and two orthogonal circular polarization components of the light beam respectively carry a-3-order vortex phase and a + 1-order vortex phase.
Example 2
According to the technical scheme of the invention, a measuring light path of a reflection type sample shown in figure 3 is designed, and the working flow is as follows:
the fine laser beam output by the coherent light source 1 is expanded and collimated into a beam of parallel light by a beam expander 2, is modulated into horizontal linear polarized light by a half-wave plate 3, is divided into two beams of transmission light and reflection light which are perpendicular to each other by a first depolarization beam splitter prism 4, the transmission light is reflected by a third depolarization beam splitter prism 12, is reflected by a reflective sample 6 to be used as an object beam, and then is incident to a third depolarization beam splitter prism 9; the reflected light is converted into polarized structure light as a reference beam by a polarization grating 8 after being reflected by a reflector 7, and then enters a second depolarization beam splitter prism 9. The object beam and the reference beam are respectively input from two orthogonal directions of the second depolarization beam splitter prism 9, off-axis interference is generated after the object beam and the reference beam pass through the second depolarization beam splitter prism 9, and the plane of the included angle of the two beams is parallel to the grid line of the polarization grating 8; the lens 10 images the reflective sample 6 and the polarization grating 8 onto the recording surface of the pattern acquisition device 11 to obtain a composite hologram.
According to the technical scheme, the complete information of the measured field can be measured. In this example, the reflective sample 6 uses a reflective spatial light modulator to generate a poincare sphere beam as an object beam, and the polarization evolution of the beam is measured. It was experimentally determined that the poincare beam extends from a rayleigh length-zRTo zRThe polarization distribution of the light beam is changed continuously during propagation, and the polarization elliptical distribution of the light beam is changed from radial distribution into spiral distribution and then into azimuth distribution.
Claims (6)
1. An optical path of a composite hologram of two sets of orthogonal interference fringes, characterized in that the sample (6) is a transmission sample; the light path comprises a polarization grating (8), a second depolarization beam splitter prism (9), a lens (10) and an image acquisition device (11); one laser beam passes through the sample (6) and then is used as an object beam, and the other beam of the collimated parallel light coherent with the laser beam passes through the polarization grating (8) and then is converted into periodic polarization structure light which is used as a reference beam; the object beam and the reference beam are subjected to off-axis interference after being combined by a second depolarization beam splitter prism (9), and the plane of the included angle of the two beams is parallel to the grid line of the polarization grating (8); the lens (10) images the sample (6) and the polarization grating (8) on the recording surface of the image acquisition device (11) to obtain a composite hologram.
2. The optical path of a composite hologram of two sets of orthogonal interference fringes, as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the light path for forming the two beams of laser comprises a coherent light source (1), a beam expander (2), a half-wave plate (3), a first depolarizing beam splitter prism (4), a first reflector (5) and a second reflector (7); a fine laser beam output by a coherent light source (1) is expanded and collimated into a beam of parallel light by a beam expander (2), the parallel light is modulated into horizontal linear polarized light by a half-wave plate (3), the horizontal linear polarized light is divided into two beams of transmission light and reflection light which are perpendicular to each other by a first depolarization beam splitter prism (4), and the transmission light is modulated into an object beam by a transmission type sample (6) after being reflected by a first reflector (5); the reflected light is converted into polarized structured light as a reference beam through a polarization grating (8) after being reflected by a second reflecting mirror (7).
3. The optical path of a composite hologram of two sets of orthogonal interference fringes, as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the polarization grating (8) is a common optical element and can convert light beams into a periodic polarization structure light field, and the polarization state of the periodic polarization structure light field is periodically changed along the direction vertical to the grid lines.
4. An optical path of a composite hologram of two sets of orthogonal interference fringes, characterized in that: the sample (6) is a reflectance sample; the light path comprises a polarization grating (8), a second depolarization beam splitter prism (9), a lens (10) and an image acquisition device (11); a third depolarizing beam-splitting prism (12) is arranged between the sample (6) and the second depolarizing beam-splitting prism (9); one beam of laser is reflected to the sample (6) through the third depolarization beam splitter prism (12), and the sample (6) reflects the beam and takes the beam as an object beam after penetrating through the third depolarization beam splitter prism (12); another beam of coherent collimated parallel light passes through the polarization grating (8) and is converted into periodic polarization structure light to be used as a reference beam; the object beam and the reference beam are subjected to off-axis interference after being combined by a second depolarization beam splitter prism (9), and the plane of the included angle of the two beams is parallel to the grid line of the polarization grating (8); the lens (10) images the sample (6) and the polarization grating (8) on the recording surface of the image acquisition device (11) to obtain a composite hologram.
5. The optical path of a composite hologram of two sets of orthogonal interference fringes, as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the light path for forming the two beams of laser comprises a coherent light source (1), a beam expander (2), a half-wave plate (3), a first depolarizing beam splitter prism (4), a first reflector (5) and a second reflector (7); a fine laser beam output by a coherent light source (1) is expanded and collimated into a beam of parallel light by a beam expander (2), the parallel light is modulated into horizontal linear polarized light by a half-wave plate (3), the horizontal linear polarized light is divided into two beams of transmission light and reflection light which are perpendicular to each other by a first depolarization beam splitter prism (4), and the transmission light is modulated into an object beam by a reflective sample (6) after being reflected by a third depolarization beam splitter prism (12); the reflected light is converted into polarized structured light as a reference beam through a polarization grating (8) after being reflected by a second reflecting mirror (7).
6. The optical path of a composite hologram of two sets of orthogonal interference fringes, as defined in claim 5, characterized in that: the polarization grating (8) is a common optical element and can convert light beams into a periodic polarization structure light field, and the polarization state of the periodic polarization structure light field is periodically changed along the direction vertical to the grid lines.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113091896A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-09 | 西北工业大学 | Method and light path for dynamically measuring complete information of any light field based on polarization grating |
| CN114608474A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-10 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Differential white light interference measuring device of polarization camera |
| CN114910019A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-16 | 华中科技大学 | Sample detection device and method for dynamically adjusting diameter of scanning beam |
| CN116500880A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-07-28 | 立臻科技(昆山)有限公司 | Holographic image generation system, method and electronic equipment |
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- 2021-03-18 CN CN202120582997.1U patent/CN214747811U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113091896A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-07-09 | 西北工业大学 | Method and light path for dynamically measuring complete information of any light field based on polarization grating |
| CN114608474A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-10 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Differential white light interference measuring device of polarization camera |
| CN114608474B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-10-17 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Differential white light interferometry device of polarization camera |
| CN114910019A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-16 | 华中科技大学 | Sample detection device and method for dynamically adjusting diameter of scanning beam |
| CN116500880A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-07-28 | 立臻科技(昆山)有限公司 | Holographic image generation system, method and electronic equipment |
| CN116500880B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-12 | 立臻科技(昆山)有限公司 | Holographic image generation system, method and electronic equipment |
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