CN214279374U

CN214279374U - Simulation training teaching aid for chest and lung disease diagnosis and treatment teaching

Info

Publication number: CN214279374U
Application number: CN202023212136.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐智
Original assignee: Second Affiliated Hospital Army Medical University
Current assignee: Second Affiliated Hospital Army Medical University
Priority date: 2020-12-28
Filing date: 2020-12-28
Publication date: 2021-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-28

Abstract

A simulation training teaching aid for diagnosing and teaching chest and lung diseases comprises a model simulating the upper half of a human body, wherein the model simulating the upper half of the human body is provided with a cavity for placing animal lungs and simulated oral, nasal, throat and trachea structures, the simulated oral and nasal cavities are communicated with a trachea through the throat, the trachea is positioned in the cavity and is provided with a connecting section for connecting the animal lungs, an inflatable bag for simulating the movement of diaphragm is arranged at the position of the cavity corresponding to the diaphragm of the human body and is connected with an air pump through an air delivery pipe, and the side wall of the cavity is connected with an air pump through an air exhaust pipe; the mouth end of the cavity is provided with a sealing strip, and a transparent cavity cover covers the cavity to form sealing.

Description

Simulation training teaching aid for chest and lung disease diagnosis and treatment teaching

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a medical science teaching training equipment field, concretely relates to simulation training teaching aid of teaching is diagnose to chest lung disease.

Background

Medical training is a process that medical staff must go through in the process of learning and practicing. Respiratory physicians, chest surgeons, critical medical doctors and emergency department doctors in the medical field often need diagnosis and treatment technical training for diseases in the chest cavity, such as the lung, pleural cavity, mediastinum and the like during the operation. The existing teaching model for chest and lung disease diagnosis and treatment training is made of plastic, wood and other materials, and is observed by students through simulated head and neck, thoracic cavity, lung organs and other structures. However, because the existing teaching model is made of plastic, wood and other materials, the displayed lungs and the like in the chest cavity are in a fixed and unchangeable state due to hard materials, the positions of the organs in the chest cavity can only be displayed for observation, but the influences of focus positioning in the lungs and the influences of bronchus and branch structures under respiratory motility cannot be reflected, and the differences from the lung states under real physiological and pathological states exist; and the practice operation training of operation training such as respiratory endoscope training, percutaneous lung puncture training, transbronchial mediastinal lymph node biopsy, internal medicine thoracoscope training and the like cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at the not enough that prior art corresponds, a simulation training teaching aid of teaching is diagnose to pectoral-pulmonary disease is provided, combine animal lung simulation people's lung structure, simulate human nasopharynx passageway, oropharynx passageway, airtight thorax and movable diaphragm structure, not only can accurately simulate the trachea bronchial structures at different levels of lung, and at the biopsy, provide the feel that is close to people's lung tissue texture in training such as puncture, require the student to avoid the rib in the dummy's chest wall, improve the efficiency of training, can also fully simulate the breathing cycle under the human normal physiological state, because the reciprocating motion of simulation diaphragm leads to the change of intrathoracic pressure, make the dynamic change in the similar breathing cycle that the lung produced, make the doctor who accepts the training can carry out the training of diagnosing of pectoral-pulmonary disease at the more human physiological state.

The utility model aims at adopting the following scheme to realize: a simulation training teaching aid for diagnosing and teaching chest and lung diseases comprises a model simulating the upper half of a human body, wherein the model simulating the upper half of the human body is provided with a cavity for placing animal lungs and simulated oral cavities, nasal cavities, throats and trachea structures, the simulated oral cavities and nasal cavities are communicated with the trachea through the throats, the tail end of the trachea is positioned in the cavity and is provided with a connecting section for connecting the animal lungs, the cavity is provided with an inflatable bag for simulating the movement of diaphragm muscles corresponding to the positions of the human diaphragm muscles, the inflatable bag is connected with an air pump (has the dual functions of injecting air and extracting air) through an air pipe, and the side wall of the cavity is connected with an air pump through an air exhaust pipe; the mouth end of the cavity is provided with a sealing strip, and a transparent cavity cover covers the cavity to form sealing.

The inflatable bag is formed by a film fixed in the chamber and positioned at the diaphragm part, and an inflatable space is reserved between the film and the chamber wall.

Two sides of the side wall of the chamber are respectively provided with an exhaust pipe, and the two exhaust pipes are connected in parallel on an exhaust pump.

Two sides of the side wall of the chamber are respectively provided with an exhaust pipe, and the two exhaust pipes are respectively connected with an exhaust pump.

The connecting section of the trachea is fixedly connected with the animal lung.

And a placing groove for fixing the sealing strip is arranged at the opening end of the cavity.

Detachable silica gel blocks for tapping or puncturing are respectively arranged between the 5 th rib to the 8 th rib of the chest wall between the posterior axillary line and the anterior axillary line on the left side and the right side of the model simulating the upper half of the human body.

The size of the detachable silica gel block is 8 multiplied by 8cm²。

The utility model discloses contain following beneficial effect: the model for simulating the upper half of the human body is provided with a cavity for placing an animal lung and simulated oral, nasal, throat and tracheal structures, and can accurately simulate all levels of tracheobronchial structures, lung parenchyma and visceral pleura of the lung by connecting the animal lung. The simulated oral cavity and the nasal cavity are communicated with the trachea through throats, the tail end of the trachea is located in the cavity and is provided with a connecting section used for being connected with an animal lung, the connecting section is made of hard materials (such as plastic tubes or metal tubes), after the trachea of the animal lung (such as pig lung or dog lung) is fixedly connected with the connecting section through buckles, the hand feeling close to the texture of human lung tissues can be provided in the training of bronchoscopy, internal medicine thoracoscopy, biopsy, percutaneous lung puncture and the like, and trained personnel need to avoid ribs arranged in the chest wall of the simulated human when puncturing the chest wall. The cavity is provided with an inflatable bag for simulating the movement of the diaphragm at a position corresponding to the diaphragm of the human body, the inflatable bag is connected with an air pump through an air conveying pipe, and the side wall of the cavity is connected with an air pump through an air exhaust pipe; the mouth end of cavity is equipped with the sealing strip, and a transparent chamber lid covers the cavity and forms sealedly, leads to the change of intrathoracic pressure through the reciprocating motion of simulation diaphragm, makes the respiratory cycle under the human normal physiological state of animal lung simulation, and the doctor who receives the training can observe because the change of intrathoracic pressure, the dynamic change that the animal lung produced through transparent chamber lid, makes the doctor who receives the training can carry out the training of diagnosing of pectoral disease more pressing close to human physiological state, improves the efficiency that pectoral disease diagnoses the training.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a transparent chamber cover.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a simulation training teaching aid for chest and lung disease diagnosis and treatment teaching comprises a simulation human upper half body model 1, wherein the simulation human upper half body model 1 is provided with a cavity 2 for placing animal lungs, and a simulated oral cavity 4, a simulated nasal cavity, a simulated throat and a simulated trachea structure, a simulated rib 14 is arranged in the cavity 2 of the simulation human upper half body model 1, the simulated oral cavity 4 and the simulated nasal cavity are communicated with a trachea through the throat, the trachea is arranged in the cavity 2 and is provided with a connecting section 3 for connecting the animal lungs 12, and the connecting section 3 of the trachea is fixedly connected with the animal lungs 12. The position that chamber 2 corresponds human diaphragm sets up the gas cell 5 that is used for simulating diaphragm motion, in this embodiment, gas cell 5 is formed by fixing the membrane that is located the diaphragm position in chamber 2, the membrane is the elastic modulus, and the border and 2 walls of chamber bonding of membrane are fixed or heat seal are fixed, leave plenum space between messenger's membrane and the chamber wall. The inflatable bag 5 is connected with an air pump 7 through an air delivery pipe 6, and the side wall of the chamber 2 is connected with an air pump 9 through an air exhaust pipe 8; in this embodiment, two sides of the sidewall of the chamber 2 are respectively provided with one pumping hole 14, each pumping hole 14 is respectively connected to one pumping pipe 8, the two pumping pipes 8 are connected in parallel to one pumping pump 9, and certainly, the two pumping pipes 8 may also be respectively connected to one pumping pump 9. In this embodiment, a placing groove for fixing the sealing strip 10 is arranged at the opening end of the cavity 2, the sealing strip 10 is fixed in the placing groove in an adhering manner, and a transparent cavity cover 11 covers the cavity 2 to form sealing.

When the utility model is used for the practical training of the operation training, according to the training requirement, a focus is arranged in the cavity 2 or the animal lung 12, for example, respiratory system diseases such as pneumothorax, pleural effusion, lung tumor, tracheal stenosis and mediastinal diseases are simulated, then the transparent cavity cover 11 covering the cavity 2 is uncovered, the animal lung 12 (such as pig lung or dog lung) is fixedly connected with the connecting section 3 of the trachea through a buckle, the transparent cavity cover 11 is covered again to seal the cavity 2, the air pump 9 is started to ensure that the whole cavity 2 is in a negative pressure state, air enters the animal lung 12 through the simulated oral cavity, nasal cavity, throat and trachea to ensure that the animal lung 12 is expanded to a normal state, the real physiological state of the human lung is simulated, the air pump 7 is opened, the air inflation time is 2-3 seconds, the exhaust time is 1-2 seconds, the frequency of inflation and exhaust generated per minute is 12 times/minute-20 times/minute, the inflatable bag 5 is inflated and contracted periodically for 12-20 times per minute, and 5-10 cm of activity is generated at the top end side of the inflatable bag 5 by inflating and exhausting the inflatable bag 5, so that the lung activity in the normal adult respiratory cycle is simulated.

As described above, the animal lung 12 displayed in the chamber 2 can reflect the influence of the respiratory dynamics on the lesion location and the bronchus and branch structure in the lung, highly restores the lung state in the real physiological and pathological states, and can satisfy the practical operation conditions of the respiratory endoscope training, the transbronchial mediastinal lymph node biopsy training, the thoracoscope training, the percutaneous lung puncture training, and the like.

Detachable silica gel blocks 13 for chest wall operation incision and opening or puncture are respectively arranged between the 5 th to 8 th ribs of the chest wall between the rear axillary line and the front axillary line on the left side and the right side of the model 1 simulating the upper half of the human body. In this embodiment, the size of the detachable silica gel block 13 is 8 × 8cm²。

When the doctor who accepts the training was in internal medicine thoracoscope training, percutaneous lung puncture training, can dismantle and do operation incision, trompil or puncture operation on silica gel piece 13, treat that can dismantle silica gel piece 13 and destroyed the back, cavity 2 can't keep vacuum state, and during the training next time, need change into new removable silica gel piece 13, and accomplish the back at the implementation training, stop aspiration pump 9 and air pump 7, take off animal lung 12, and will the utility model discloses wash, disinfect and prepare to continue to use next time.

The above only be the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment to be not used for the restriction the utility model discloses, technical personnel in the field are not deviating from the utility model discloses a under the prerequisite of spirit, right the utility model discloses the change of going on all falls into the utility model discloses a protection scope.

Claims

1. A simulation training teaching aid for chest and lung disease diagnosis and treatment teaching comprises a model (1) simulating the upper half of a human body, and is characterized in that the model (1) simulating the upper half of the human body is provided with a cavity (2) for placing animal lungs, a simulation oral cavity (4), a nasal cavity, a throat and a trachea structure, the simulation oral cavity (4) and the nasal cavity are communicated with a trachea through the throat, the trachea is positioned in the cavity (2) and is provided with a connecting section (3) for connecting the animal lungs, the cavity (2) is provided with an inflatable bag (5) for simulating diaphragm movement corresponding to the position of human diaphragm, the inflatable bag (5) is connected with an air pump (7) through an air conveying pipe (6), and the side wall of the cavity (2) is connected with an air pump (9) through an air exhaust pipe (8); the mouth end of the cavity (2) is provided with a sealing strip (10), and a transparent cavity cover (11) covers the cavity (2) to form sealing.

2. A simulation training aid according to claim 1, wherein: the inflatable bag (5) is formed by a film which is fixed in the chamber (2) and is positioned at the diaphragm part, and an inflatable space is reserved between the film and the chamber wall.

3. A simulation training aid according to claim 1, wherein: two sides of the side wall of the cavity (2) are respectively provided with an air exhaust pipe (8), and the two air exhaust pipes (8) are connected in parallel on an air exhaust pump (9).

4. A simulation training aid according to claim 1, wherein: two sides of the side wall of the cavity (2) are respectively provided with an air exhaust pipe (8), and the two air exhaust pipes (8) are respectively connected with an air exhaust pump (9).

5. A simulation training aid according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting section (3) of the trachea is fixedly connected with the animal lung.

6. A simulation training aid according to claim 1, wherein: the opening end of the cavity (2) is provided with a placing groove for fixing the sealing strip (10).

7. A simulation training aid according to claim 1, wherein: the left side and the right side of the model (1) for simulating the upper half of the human body are respectively provided with a detachable silica gel block (13) for tapping or puncturing between the 5 th rib and the 8 th rib of the chest wall between the posterior axillary line and the anterior axillary line.

8. A simulation training aid according to claim 7, wherein: the size of the detachable silica gel block (13) is 8 multiplied by 8cm²。