CN212741236U - Pyrolysis device for low-temperature easily-melted organic material - Google Patents
Pyrolysis device for low-temperature easily-melted organic material Download PDFInfo
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- CN212741236U CN212741236U CN202020907477.9U CN202020907477U CN212741236U CN 212741236 U CN212741236 U CN 212741236U CN 202020907477 U CN202020907477 U CN 202020907477U CN 212741236 U CN212741236 U CN 212741236U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
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Abstract
The utility model provides a pyrolysis device for organic material that is easily melted at low temperature, including the pyrolysis device body of cylindricality, the inner chamber of pyrolysis device body forms the pyrolysis chamber, wraps up heat transfer layer, cover on the outer wall of pyrolysis device body are established the flue gas chamber wall outside the heat transfer layer, form the flue gas chamber between heat transfer layer and the flue gas chamber wall, be provided with the feed inlet in one end of pyrolysis device body, the other end is provided with pyrolysis gas export and carbon outlet, wherein pyrolysis gas export with the position of carbon outlet is relative; the central shaft of the pyrolysis device body is provided with a rotating shaft, and at least one stirring scraper is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft. The utility model discloses a pyrolysis device can make organic material be heated uniformly in the heating process, can realize the segmentation pyrolysis of abandonment plastics. The stirring scraper plate arranged in the pyrolysis device can effectively solve the problem of coking on the wall surface of the pyrolysis chamber.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a pyrolysis field of organic material, concretely relates to a pyrolysis device that is used for the easy fused organic material of low temperature.
Background
For organic materials which are subjected to morphological changes at low temperature, for example, materials which are easy to melt at low temperature, such as plastic bags for daily use, plastic for packaging, plastic products and the like, the application in daily life is increasingly wide. With the continuous exploitation of underground resources, the application of such organic materials will go into more fields, and the garbage generated thereby will become a serious problem. At present, some reports have been focused on the garbage disposal of such materials, but the problems have not been solved fundamentally.
There have been many reports disclosing processes and furnaces for the pyrolysis of organic materials. The form of the pyrolysis furnace used is various according to the physicochemical properties of the organic material. However, most reports have been directed to materials that can be morphologically changed at high temperatures, such as coal, kitchen waste, and electronic waste. The use of such pyrolysis units to treat organic materials that undergo morphological changes at low temperatures presents a number of problems. For example, since organic materials such as plastic bags for daily use, plastic for packaging, plastic products, etc. have a low melting point and are melted at a low temperature, when they are injected into a conventional pyrolysis apparatus for pyrolysis treatment, they are melted when they enter the pyrolysis apparatus and adhere to parts inside the pyrolysis apparatus, resulting in difficulty in pyrolysis and adverse effects on the pyrolysis apparatus itself, thereby not only failing to efficiently pyrolyze the organic materials but also shortening the life of the pyrolysis apparatus.
Therefore, it is very slow to develop a more effective pyrolysis device for low-temperature easily-melted organic materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the pyrolysis problem of low temperature easily-melted organic materials, the utility model discloses an inventor has provided a neotype pyrolysis device to low temperature easily-melted organic materials.
The utility model discloses a pyrolysis device for low-temperature easily-melted organic materials, which comprises a cylindrical pyrolysis device body, wherein the inner cavity of the pyrolysis device body forms a pyrolysis chamber, a heat transfer layer and a flue gas chamber wall are sleeved on the outer wall of the pyrolysis device body, a flue gas chamber is formed between the heat transfer layer and the flue gas chamber wall,
a feed inlet is formed in one end of the pyrolysis device body, and a pyrolysis gas outlet and a carbon outlet are formed in the other end of the pyrolysis device body, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet and the carbon outlet are opposite;
a rotating shaft is arranged on a central shaft of the pyrolysis device body, penetrates through the pyrolysis chamber and is driven by a variable frequency motor arranged outside the pyrolysis device body;
and at least one stirring scraper fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein the stirring scraper is perpendicular to the rotating shaft.
In one embodiment, the stirring scraper includes a scraper fixed to a distal end of the connecting rod, a connecting rod having the other end fixedly connected to the spring, a fixing groove fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a spring built in the fixing groove.
In one embodiment, the rotating shaft is further provided with a feeding screw extending from the feeding hole along the rotating shaft, and the stirring scraper is arranged on the rotating shaft from the end of the feeding screw.
In one embodiment, the feed screw occupies the length of the rotating shaft 1/3-1/2.
In one embodiment, the stirring blades occupy the length of the rotating shaft 1/2-2/3.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the blade is 30 to 50 mm.
In one embodiment, the connecting rod has a diameter of 30 to 50 mm.
In one embodiment, the spring is a retractable spring, the spring having a diameter of 30-50 mm.
In one embodiment, the flights are at an angle of 10 to 20 ° to the central axis of the pyrolysis device in the horizontal axial plane of the pyrolysis device.
The utility model discloses a pyrolysis device uses hot flue gas to accomplish the pyrolysis of organic material. Through adopting the utility model discloses a pyrolysis device, organic material can be heated uniformly in the heating process to can realize the segmentation pyrolysis of abandonment plastics. The problem of coking on the wall surface of the pyrolysis chamber is effectively solved by arranging the stirring scraper in the pyrolysis device, and finally, the organic materials are efficiently cracked into pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis carbon products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the stirring scraper in the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-pyrolysis chamber, 2-feed inlet, 3-flue gas outlet, 4-first pyrolysis gas outlet, 5-second pyrolysis gas outlet, 6-flue gas inlet, 7-charcoal outlet, 8-spiral, 9-stirring scraper, 10-flue gas chamber, 11 heat preservation layer, 12-heat transfer layer, and 13-variable frequency motor
91-scrapers, 92-connecting rods, 93-fixing grooves, 94-springs
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be described in detail.
The utility model discloses a pyrolysis device for low-temperature easily-melted organic materials, which comprises a cylindrical pyrolysis device body, wherein the inner cavity of the pyrolysis device body forms a pyrolysis chamber, a heat transfer layer and a flue gas chamber wall are sleeved on the outer wall of the pyrolysis device body, a flue gas chamber is formed between the heat transfer layer and the flue gas chamber wall,
a feed inlet is formed in one end of the pyrolysis device body, and a pyrolysis gas outlet and a carbon outlet are formed in the other end of the pyrolysis device body, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet and the carbon outlet are opposite;
a rotating shaft is arranged on a central shaft of the pyrolysis device body, penetrates through the pyrolysis chamber and is driven by a variable frequency motor arranged outside the pyrolysis device body;
and at least one stirring scraper fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein the stirring scraper is perpendicular to the rotating shaft.
In one embodiment, the stirring blade includes a blade 91, a connecting rod 92, a fixing groove 93, and a spring 94 built in the fixing groove, the blade 91 is fixed to a distal end of the connecting rod 92, the other end of the connecting rod 92 is fixedly connected to the spring 94, and the fixing groove 93 is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft.
In one embodiment, the rotating shaft is further provided with a feeding screw extending from the feeding hole along the rotating shaft, and the stirring scraper is arranged on the rotating shaft from the end of the feeding screw.
In one embodiment, the feed screw occupies the length of the rotating shaft 1/3-1/2.
In one embodiment, the stirring blades occupy the length of the rotating shaft 1/2-2/3.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the blade is 30 to 50 mm.
In one embodiment, the connecting rod has a diameter of 30 to 50 mm.
In one embodiment, the spring is a retractable spring, the spring having a diameter of 30-50 mm.
In one embodiment, the flights are at an angle of 10 to 20 ° to the central axis of the pyrolysis device in the horizontal axial plane of the pyrolysis device.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1,
it includes: the device comprises a pyrolysis chamber 1, a feed inlet 2, a flue gas outlet 3, a first pyrolysis gas outlet 4, a second pyrolysis gas outlet 5, a flue gas inlet 6, a carbon outlet 7, a spiral 8, a stirring scraper 9, a flue gas chamber 10, a heat insulation layer 11, a heat transfer layer 12 and a variable frequency motor 13.
The pyrolysis chamber 1 is used for carrying out pyrolysis reaction, and the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber 1 is wrapped with a heat transfer layer 12 which is corrugated so as to increase the heat transfer area between hot flue gas and the pyrolysis chamber and achieve the purpose of enhancing heat transfer;
a first pyrolysis gas outlet 4 is arranged in the middle of the pyrolysis chamber 1 and is communicated with the pyrolysis chamber 1, and a second pyrolysis gas outlet 5 is arranged at the tail end of the pyrolysis chamber 1 and is communicated with the pyrolysis chamber 1;
a rotating shaft is arranged on a central shaft of the pyrolysis chamber 1, penetrates through the pyrolysis chamber and is driven by an external variable frequency motor. The inside of the pyrolysis chamber 1 is provided with a spiral, the central axis of which coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft, and which is disposed at the front section of the pyrolysis chamber 1. The length of the spiral is 1/3-1/2 of the length of the pyrolysis chamber. The utility model discloses utilize the spiral can realize arranging the material evenly in pyrolysis chamber 1.
The stirring scraper 9 is arranged in the pyrolysis chamber 1, and the stirring scraper 9 is fixedly arranged on the central shaft and can rotate along with the rotation of the central shaft. Stirring blades 9 are distributed throughout the rear section of the pyrolysis chamber 1. The stirring scraper 9 is distributed over 1/2-2/3 of the length of the pyrolysis chamber. The utility model discloses a stirring of pyrolysis material can be realized to the stirring scraper blade to can constantly clear away the coking material that produces owing to being heated on the inner wall of pyrolysis chamber 1 effectively prevents the thermal hysteresis phenomenon that the coking produced from this.
Wherein the distance between the spiral and the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber 1 is 2-5 mm; the stirring blade may contact the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber.
The flue gas chamber 10 is an interlayer space formed between the heat transfer layer 12 and the heat insulation layer 11. The hot flue gas is in the circulation of flue gas indoor, through indirect heat transfer mode with heat transfer to pyrolysis chamber 1, heat pyrolysis chamber 1, provide the energy for pyrolytic reaction.
The outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber 1 is provided with a feeding hole 2, which is positioned at the front section of the pyrolysis chamber 1 and communicated with the pyrolysis chamber 1.
Be provided with out charcoal mouth 7 on the outer wall of pyrolysis chamber 1, be located the terminal bottom of pyrolysis chamber, with pyrolysis chamber 1 intercommunication. The pyrolysis material is added into the pyrolysis device through the feed inlet 7, and the pyrolysis carbon generated by pyrolysis is discharged out of the pyrolysis device through the carbon outlet 7;
the outer wall of the flue gas chamber 10 is provided with a flue gas outlet 3 and a flue gas inlet 6. The flue gas outlet 3 is positioned at the front section of the flue gas chamber 10, close to the feed inlet 2, and is communicated with the flue gas chamber 10. The flue gas inlet 6 is arranged at the tail end of the flue gas chamber 10 and is communicated with the flue gas chamber 10. The flow direction of the hot flue gases is in countercurrent to the direction of transport of the material in the pyrolysis chamber.
The outside of pyrolysis device is provided with inverter motor, is connected with the axis of rotation drive of pyrolysis 1 inside for the drive axis of rotation.
In another embodiment, the stirring blade 9 of the pyrolysis apparatus of the present invention is shown in fig. 2.
The stirring blade 9 includes: scraper blade, connecting rod, fixed slot, spring. The scraper is made of a stainless steel plate and has a thickness of 30-50 mm. The connecting rod is a stainless steel cylinder with the diameter of 30-50 mm. The fixing groove is a stainless steel cylinder with the diameter of 100-200 mm. The spring is a telescopic spring and is made of stainless steel; the diameter is 30-50 mm. The scraper is connected with the connecting rod in a welding mode. The connecting rod is connected with the spring. The spring is connected with the bottom of the fixing groove; the fixing groove is welded with a central shaft of the pyrolysis device;
the center of the fixed groove cylinder is provided with a cylindrical groove, and the spring and the connecting rod are arranged in the groove;
the scraper and the central shaft of the pyrolysis device form an angle of 10-20 degrees.
In practice, the material in the pyrolysis chamber is continuously stirred and scraped by the scraper blades during the conveying process. The spring can solve the problem that the device cannot operate due to thermal deformation at different temperatures.
The heat-insulating layer 11 can be made of rock wool, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is within the range of 50-80mm, and the heat-insulating layer has a good heat-insulating effect.
The heat transfer layer 12 wraps the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber, the heat transfer layer 12 is made of stainless steel materials and is made of the same materials as the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber, and the surface of the heat transfer layer 12 is provided with corrugations to enhance the heat transfer effect.
The method for pyrolyzing the organic materials by using the pyrolysis device of the utility model is as follows:
the crushed organic materials are sent to a feeding port 2 and sent to a pyrolysis chamber 1 through the feeding port 2;
high-temperature hot flue gas is introduced into the flue gas chamber 10 from the flue gas inlet 6, and low-temperature flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 3;
the flow direction of the hot flue gas and the material conveying direction in the pyrolysis chamber are in a counter-current mode. High temperature hot flue gas is in the circulation of flue gas indoor, through indirect heat transfer mode with heat transfer to pyrolysis chamber 1, heat pyrolysis chamber 1, provide the energy for pyrolytic reaction. The organic material undergoes pyrolysis reactions in the pyrolysis chamber, and chemical bond breakage and recombination between the compounds occur. After heat transfer, the temperature of the high temperature hot flue gas is reduced to form low temperature flue gas, and the low temperature flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 3.
In the pyrolysis chamber, the organic matter material firstly undergoes melting and low-temperature pyrolysis reaction under the condition of spiral stirring to generate low-temperature pyrolysis steam, and the low-temperature pyrolysis steam is led out from the first pyrolysis gas outlet 4. The waste materials which are heated and melted at low temperature are continuously conveyed along with the spiral to the rear section of the pyrolysis chamber 1, are repeatedly mixed and heated under the stirring of the stirring scraper 9, generate high-temperature pyrolysis reaction, generate high-temperature pyrolysis steam, and are discharged from the second pyrolysis gas and guided out.
The organic materials are subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the pyrolysis chamber to generate pyrolytic carbon, and the pyrolytic carbon is discharged from the carbon outlet 7;
wherein the organic material may include: PET, ABS, EPS, PVC, PP, PE and the like, and the particle size range after crushing is less than 50 mm.
Wherein, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is controlled to be 700-900 ℃. The temperature of the low-temperature flue gas is controlled at 400-600 ℃.
Wherein the temperature of the heating melting and the low-temperature pyrolysis is controlled to be 150-320 ℃.
Wherein the final reaction temperature of the high-temperature pyrolysis is controlled to be 400-700 ℃.
When the organic material is waste plastic, the waste plastic rich in PVC is subjected to dechlorination reaction in the stages of heating melting and low-temperature pyrolysis.
The utility model discloses a be provided with spiral and stirring scraper blade in pyrolysis device's the pyrolysis chamber, organic material thermally equivalent in the pyrolysis process can be ensured in the combination of two kinds of devices, reduces the thermal hysteresis phenomenon that produces because of the coking. Meanwhile, segmented pyrolysis is realized in the pyrolysis chamber, high-efficiency pyrolysis of different organic materials is realized, the method is particularly suitable for low-temperature easily-melted organic materials, especially chlorine-containing PVC plastics can be dechlorinated firstly and then pyrolyzed at high temperature, and the content of chlorine in pyrolysis products can be effectively reduced. The circulation direction through making the flue gas and the direction of delivery of organic material present the adverse current to set the outer wall of pyrolysis chamber to the corrugate, be favorable to improving heat transfer effect. The utility model discloses a pyrolysis device has effectively solved the technical difficulty that conventional pyrolysis technology faces, has very strong advance.
Examples
This embodiment uses waste plastic as an example, utilizes the utility model discloses a pyrolysis device carries out the pyrolysis to waste plastic. The specific process is as follows:
(1) sending the crushed waste plastics to a feeding hole, and sending the waste plastics to a pyrolysis chamber in a pyrolysis device through the feeding hole;
(2) high-temperature hot flue gas is introduced into the flue gas chamber from the flue gas inlet, and low-temperature flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet;
(3) firstly, melting and low-temperature pyrolysis reaction are carried out on the waste plastics sent to the pyrolysis chamber under the condition of spiral stirring, dechlorination reaction is carried out on the waste plastics rich in PVC at the stage, and the generated low-temperature pyrolysis steam is led out from a first pyrolysis gas outlet;
(4) the waste materials which are heated and melted at low temperature are conveyed to the rear section of the pyrolysis chamber along with the spiral conveying, the waste materials are repeatedly mixed and heated under the stirring of the stirring scraper, the high-temperature pyrolysis reaction is generated, and the generated high-temperature pyrolysis steam is led out from the second pyrolysis gas outlet;
(5) the pyrolytic carbon generated by the waste plastics in the pyrolysis chamber is discharged from the carbon outlet;
wherein, in step (1), the plastic material may include: PET, ABS, EPS, PVC, PP, PE and the like, wherein the crushed particle size range is less than 50 mm;
in the step (2), the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is controlled to be 800 ℃, and the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas is controlled to be 550 ℃;
wherein in the step (3), the heating melting and low-temperature pyrolysis temperature is controlled at 250 ℃,
wherein, the high-temperature pyrolysis final reaction temperature in the step (4) is controlled at 500 ℃;
the pyrolysis yield of a certain papermaking waste plastic is as follows: gas yield: 12 percent; yield of pyrolysis oil: 51%, yield of pyrolytic carbon: 18 percent.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A pyrolysis device for low-temperature easily-melted organic materials is characterized by comprising a cylindrical pyrolysis device body, wherein a pyrolysis chamber is formed in the inner cavity of the pyrolysis device body, a heat transfer layer wrapped on the outer wall of the pyrolysis device body, a flue gas chamber wall sleeved outside the heat transfer layer, a flue gas chamber is formed between the heat transfer layer and the flue gas chamber wall,
a feed inlet is formed in one end of the pyrolysis device body, and a pyrolysis gas outlet and a carbon outlet are formed in the other end of the pyrolysis device body, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet and the carbon outlet are opposite;
a rotating shaft is arranged on a central shaft of the pyrolysis device body, penetrates through the pyrolysis chamber and is driven by a variable frequency motor arranged outside the pyrolysis device body;
and at least one stirring scraper fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein the stirring scraper is perpendicular to the rotating shaft.
2. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the stirring scraper comprises a scraper fixed to a distal end of the connecting rod, a connecting rod having another end fixedly connected to the spring, a fixing groove fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a spring built in the fixing groove.
3. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft is further provided with a feed screw extending from the feed port along the rotating shaft, and the stirring scraper is disposed on the rotating shaft from a distal end of the feed screw.
4. A pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 3 wherein the feed screw occupies the length of the rotary shaft 1/3-1/2.
5. The pyrolysis apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the stirring blades occupy a length of the rotating shaft 1/2-2/3.
6. A pyrolysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the thickness of the scraper is 30 to 50 mm.
7. A pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the connecting rod has a diameter of 30-50 mm.
8. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 2, wherein the spring is a retractable spring having a diameter of 30-50 mm.
9. A pyrolysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the flights are at an angle of 10-20 ° to the central axis of the pyrolysis device in the horizontal axial plane of the pyrolysis device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202020907477.9U CN212741236U (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Pyrolysis device for low-temperature easily-melted organic material |
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| CN202020907477.9U CN212741236U (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Pyrolysis device for low-temperature easily-melted organic material |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113604233A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-11-05 | 华北电力大学 | Toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor and pyrolysis method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-05-26 CN CN202020907477.9U patent/CN212741236U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113604233A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-11-05 | 华北电力大学 | Toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor and pyrolysis method thereof |
| CN113604233B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2024-02-02 | 华北电力大学 | Tooth cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor and pyrolysis method thereof |
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