CN212228114U - Intelligent monitoring system for dangerous gas leakage based on acoustics - Google Patents
Intelligent monitoring system for dangerous gas leakage based on acoustics Download PDFInfo
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- CN212228114U CN212228114U CN202021245763.XU CN202021245763U CN212228114U CN 212228114 U CN212228114 U CN 212228114U CN 202021245763 U CN202021245763 U CN 202021245763U CN 212228114 U CN212228114 U CN 212228114U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a danger gas leakage intelligent monitoring system based on acoustics. Belongs to the field of gas leakage monitoring and communication; the air-conditioning box comprises a box body, and an FPGA main control device, an acoustic sensor array, a gas sensor array, a liquid crystal display screen, an audible and visual alarm, an exhaust device and an RS485 communication module which are arranged in the box body; the utility model selects a safer and more reliable wired communication mode, generally adopts an RS-485 communication mode to report data when the data transmission quantity is small, and the computer processes the data through the corresponding upper computer monitoring software, such as operation, storage and the like; the data transmission is carried out by combining a plurality of communication modes, and the stability of data transmission is improved under the condition of ensuring the transmission distance. Compared comprehensively, in the long-distance communication, the optical fiber communication has strong anti-interference capability, long transmission distance and small optical fiber size, so that an RS-485 combined optical fiber communication mode is selected to provide an information transmission link for the project.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to gas leakage monitoring and communication field are applied to the chemical industry field, concretely relates to danger gas leakage intelligent monitoring system based on acoustics.
Background
At present, high-pressure gas containers are widely applied to various fields such as petrochemical industry, food processing and aerospace, and especially in the chemical industry field, most of the high-pressure gas containers are toxic, inflammable and explosive gases, and once leakage occurs, if the high-pressure gas containers cannot be found in time, serious consequences can be brought to people. Therefore, an intelligent system is needed, which not only can effectively detect gas leakage in time, but also can accurately judge the leakage position, make early warning, evacuate personnel and take corresponding measures, reduce the harm degree of accidents, and reduce economic loss and casualties. Although a fixed gas monitoring device is required to be arranged in a chemical plant area to detect related gas according to related regulation requirements, the existing gas monitoring devices in the current market mostly judge whether leakage occurs or not from the 'smell' perspective by detecting the content of harmful gas in the environment, when the leakage aperture of a pipeline or a storage tank for conveying gas is small, the concentration of the leaked gas in the environment is low, the gas leakage cannot be timely and effectively detected by the scheme, and in addition, the leakage position cannot be judged by a concentration detection method.
When the pressure container or the pipeline leaks, the leakage source can generate turbulent gas under the action of the internal and external pressure difference and generate leakage sound, so that the feasibility of judging the gas leakage from the sound angle is higher. The initial sound of gas leakage is generally 40kHz ultrasonic wave, and gradually shifts to the audible sound range. Similarly to the judgment of the sound generation position by human ears, the sound source positioning can also be carried out on the gas leakage sound by forming an array by a plurality of sound sensors, and the gas leakage position is judged. Along with the more mature of internet of things, utilize industry internet of things to be connected each gas leakage monitoring devices to the server, can be more convenient monitor the scene, make up into intelligent danger gas leakage monitoring system with single gas monitoring devices.
Gas leakage in the chemical field can bring huge loss to life and property safety of people, at present, a set of complete gas leakage monitoring systems are few from finding gas leakage to positioning to a gas leakage positioning point and then to background monitoring and early warning in the market, so that how to solve the problems becomes a thinking for technical personnel at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem, the utility model provides a dangerous gas leakage intelligent monitoring system based on acoustics.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that: an intelligent monitoring system for hazardous gas leakage based on acoustics comprises a box body, wherein an FPGA main control device is arranged in the box body,
the FPGA main control device is respectively connected with the acoustic sensor array, the gas sensor array, the liquid crystal display screen, the audible and visual alarm, the exhaust device and the RS485 communication module through wired lines.
Furthermore, the acoustic sensor array is connected to the FPGA main control device through an AD7606 acquisition module;
and the gas sensor array is connected to the FPGA main control device through an AD7606 acquisition module II.
Furthermore, the other end of the RS485 communication module is connected to the RS485 fiber-to-optical communication module through a wired line.
Furthermore, a power supply for supplying power is arranged on the box body, and the power supply is connected with an energy storage battery;
the box body is connected to an optical fiber-to-RS 485 module, and the other end of the optical fiber-to-RS 485 module is connected with a monitoring terminal.
Further, the acoustic sensor array includes 6 acoustic sensor modules, and the gas sensor array includes 6 gas sensor modules.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses need to transmit the data that the off-line equipment gathered to the remote server, the construction of transmission network not only makes things convenient for the staff to monitor each item index of scene, also makes things convenient for the transmission and the storage of information simultaneously; in the aspect of networking of the industrial Internet of things, schemes such as Nb-Iot and LoRa exist, but in consideration of the fact that the product is applied to detection of hazardous gases which are toxic, harmful, flammable and explosive, and accidents such as gas explosion and the like can be caused by wireless communication, a safer and more reliable wired communication mode is selected; the wired communication can adopt modes such as RS-485 communication, Ethernet communication, optical fiber communication and the like, generally, when the data transmission quantity is small, the RS-485 communication mode is adopted for data reporting, and the computer performs processing such as operation, storage and the like on the data through corresponding upper computer software; however, the RS-485 transmission distance is short, and a single RS-485 communication mode is adopted, so that transmission signals can be interfered to cause data loss, and therefore, multiple communication modes are fused for data transmission, and the stability of data transmission is improved under the condition that the transmission distance is ensured; compared comprehensively, in the long-distance communication, the optical fiber communication has strong anti-interference capability, long transmission distance and small optical fiber size, so that an RS-485 combined optical fiber communication mode is selected to provide an information transmission link for the project.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the acoustic sensor array according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the gas sensors in the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data communication link according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the basic principle of the sound source localization algorithm of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a software schematic diagram of an upper computer in the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a box body, 11 is an FPGA main control device, 12 is an acoustic sensor array, 13 is a gas sensor array, 14 is a liquid crystal display screen, 15 is an audible and visual alarm, 16 is an exhaust device, 17 is an RS485 communication module, 18 is an AD7606 acquisition module I, 19 is an AD7606 acquisition module II, and 10 is an RS485 fiber-to-fiber communication module;
2 is a power source, 21 is an energy storage battery;
3, an optical fiber to RS485 module; and 4, a monitoring terminal.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in FIG. 1, the intelligent monitoring system for hazardous gas leakage based on acoustics comprises a box body 1, an FPGA main control device 11 is arranged in the box body 1,
the FPGA main control device 11 is respectively connected with an acoustic sensor array 12, a gas sensor array 13, a liquid crystal display screen 14, an audible and visual alarm 15, an exhaust device 16 and an RS485 communication module 17 through wired lines;
the FPGA main control device 11 consists of a Xlinx ZYNQ7020 main control chip and a peripheral circuit thereof;
the acoustic sensor array 12 consists of 6 broadband acoustic sensors with the frequency of 20Hz to 70KHz, and the gas sensor array 13 consists of 6 TGS2600 sensors;
the liquid crystal display 14 is used for completing a user interaction function, and a user can observe various on-site monitoring data through the display;
the audible and visual alarm 15 gives an alarm when gas leakage is detected;
further, the acoustic sensor array 12 is connected to the FPGA main control device 11 through an AD7606 acquisition module one 18;
the gas sensor array 13 is connected to the FPGA main control device 11 through an AD7606 acquisition module II 19;
the AD acquisition module is used for converting analog signals acquired by the acoustic sensor array 12 and the gas sensor array 13 into digital signals.
Further, the other end of the RS485 communication module 17 is connected to the RS485 optical fiber conversion communication module 10 through a wired line;
the RS 485-to-fiber communication module 10 is generally divided into an a-side and a B-side, the a-side is used to convert the 485 communication mode into fiber communication, the B-side converts the fiber communication into 485 communication again, the a-side and the B-side transmit data through optical fibers,
the monitoring terminal 4 usually uses a computer, belongs to upper computer monitoring software, and is used for displaying the gas leakage direction, angle and measured gas concentration;
the FPGA main control device 11 can realize the synchronous data acquisition function of at most 8 channels by combining with an ADC7606 acquisition module, and the algorithm transplantation can be realized by the powerful data operation function of an FPGA chip, so that the leakage position can be obtained by acquiring data through the acoustic sensor array 12.
Furthermore, a power supply 2 for supplying power is arranged on the box body 1, and the power supply 2 is connected with an energy storage battery 21; the energy storage battery 21 is a standby power supply of the system;
the box body 1 is connected to an optical fiber-to-RS 485 module 3, and the other end of the optical fiber-to-RS 485 module 3 is connected with a monitoring terminal 4.
Further, the acoustic sensor array 12 includes at least 6 acoustic sensor modules, and the gas sensor array 13 includes at least 6 gas sensor modules;
the acoustic sensor module is taken as an important component of the whole system, the frequency distribution range of leakage sound in the actual gas leakage process needs to be considered for selection, the sound at the initial stage of gas leakage is in an ultrasonic frequency band about 40kHz, and the sound is gradually transferred to an audible sound range with lower frequency, so that the system adopts a broadband acoustic sensor with the frequency of 20Hz-70 kHz;
the acoustic sensor module can collect the acoustic characteristic signal in the gas leakage process, but the specific position of the gas leakage is required to be measured, a plurality of acoustic sensor modules are required to form an acoustic sensor array 12, the array arrangement is different, different arrays correspond to different algorithms, the cost and the function effect are different, and the number of the acoustic sensor modules is different according to the arrangement mode of an array system; regarding the arrangement of the acoustic sensor modules, the system adopts a six-element cross array and realizes gas leakage positioning by using a sound source positioning algorithm (TDOA);
in order to more comprehensively monitor dangerous gas leakage, whether gas is leaked or not is judged in a side-assisted mode through smell, and the concentration of leaked gas is estimated, regarding a smell sensor, the system adopts a TGS2600 sensor of Feijura company, the sensor is a semiconductor metal oxide (tin dioxide) type sensor, the advantages of the sensor are high sensitivity, high response speed, small size, light weight, convenience for integration and intellectualization, the selectivity of each sensor is not unique, output parameters cannot be determined, if the TGS2600 sensor can detect various gases such as methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and the like, and therefore target gas can be identified through an algorithm at the later stage and concentration estimation can be carried out.
The system can be divided into an acoustic sensor array, a gas sensor array, an algorithm part, a data acquisition part, a data transmission part and upper computer monitoring software;
(1) the arrangement mode of the acoustic sensor array 12 is as shown in fig. 2, the microphones adopt six-element cross arrays and are distributed on XYZ three coordinate axes with equal length from an origin, and the position of any point in a space can be theoretically positioned;
(2) the gas sensor array 13 is arranged in a manner shown in fig. 3, and 6 sensor modules are arranged in a3 × 2 matrix manner;
(3) the system adopts two AD acquisition modules which are respectively used for acquiring data of an acoustic sensor array 12 and a gas sensor array 13, the acquisition module is AD7606 and can simultaneously acquire 8 paths of data, the sampling rate can reach 100M at most, and the frequency bandwidth of a microphone required by the system is 20Hz to 70kHz, so that the AD7606 acquisition module can completely meet the 140kHz sampling rate required by the system according to the Nyquist sampling theorem;
(4) the FPGA main control chip in the FPGA main control device 11 is used for realizing a sound source positioning algorithm (TDOA);
(5) the data transmission part is used for transmitting the data acquired by the offline device to the server;
(6) and the upper computer monitoring software is used for displaying information such as the direction, the distance, the gas concentration and the like of the gas leakage point from the far end.
The intelligent monitoring system for the hazardous gas leakage adopts a Xlinx ZYNQ7000 series as a development platform, is respectively connected with an acoustic sensor array 12, and a gas sensor array 13 judges gas leakage positioning from the perspective of hearing and smell; the HDMI is connected with the liquid crystal display to display real-time monitoring parameters; the power supply 2 is connected to supply power to the system, and the energy storage battery 21 is connected to serve as a standby battery; the audible and visual alarm 15 and the air exhaust device 16 are connected and respectively used for giving audible and visual alarm and opening the air exhaust equipment when the gas leakage condition occurs; and finally, the offline collected data are transmitted to a server through the RS485 optical fiber conversion module 10, the optical fiber and the optical fiber conversion RS485 module 3 by connecting the RS485 communication module 17, and are further processed by a computer.
The operating principle of the sound source localization algorithm (TDOA) is shown in fig. 4, and since the 6 sensor modules are different from the gas leakage point, there is a delay difference when the leaked sound reaches the acoustic sensor module, and the delay differences when the sound wave reaches a1, a2, A3, a4, a5 and a6 are t13、t24、t56According to the formula
And
the specific azimuth angle of the gas leakage point can be obtained; in the system, the acoustic sensor array 12 is used for collecting acoustic signals, and the collected acoustic signals include gas leakage sounds, background environment sounds, other interference sounds and the like, so that the leakage sounds need to be separated from mixed sounds according to gas leakage characteristics before gas leakage sound positioning is carried out; meanwhile, the gas sensor array 13 collects the concentration of gas to be measured in the environment, the gas to be measured in the system is methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and after the collection is finished, the concentration analog quantity data is converted through an AD7606 moduleThe information is transmitted to the main control chip, and the FPGA main control device 11 can calculate the specific direction and distance of the gas leakage point by combining a sound source positioning algorithm and a multi-sensor fusion technology, so that the gas leakage point is accurately positioned.
As shown in fig. 5, after the FPGA master control device 11 completes the sound source localization fusion algorithm, the gas leakage position information is transmitted to the 485 optical fiber conversion module a end through the interface of the RS485 communication module 17, the RS485 communication format data is converted into a bit optical signal, the information is transmitted to the optical fiber 485 communication module B end through the optical fiber, and finally the communication module B end transmits the data information to the server or the computer for further processing; the off-line equipment adopts an RS485 communication mode, is in communication with a serial port and a USB, so that data transmission is more stable, and adopts optical fiber communication for transmission to a remote server, so that remote communication is more stable.
Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of embodiments of the present invention; other variations are also possible within the scope of the invention; thus, by way of example, and not limitation, alternative configurations of embodiments of the present invention may be considered consistent with the teachings of the present invention; accordingly, embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments specifically described and illustrated herein.
Claims (5)
1. An intelligent monitoring system for hazardous gas leakage based on acoustics is characterized by comprising a box body, wherein an FPGA main control device is arranged in the box body,
the FPGA main control device is respectively connected with the acoustic sensor array, the gas sensor array, the liquid crystal display screen, the audible and visual alarm, the exhaust device and the RS485 communication module through wired lines.
2. The intelligent monitoring system for dangerous gas leakage based on acoustics of claim 1, wherein the acoustic sensor array is connected to the FPGA main control device through an AD7606 acquisition module;
and the gas sensor array is connected to the FPGA main control device through an AD7606 acquisition module II.
3. The intelligent monitoring system for dangerous gas leakage based on acoustics of claim 1, wherein the other end of the RS485 communication module is connected to an RS 485-to-optical fiber communication module through a wired line.
4. The intelligent monitoring system for dangerous gas leakage based on acoustics according to claim 1, wherein a power supply for supplying power is arranged on the box body, and the power supply is connected with an energy storage battery;
the box body is connected to an optical fiber-to-RS 485 module, and the other end of the optical fiber-to-RS 485 module is connected with a monitoring terminal.
5. The intelligent acoustic-based hazardous gas leak monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the acoustic sensor array comprises 6 acoustic sensor modules, and the gas sensor array comprises 6 gas sensor modules.
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| CN202021245763.XU CN212228114U (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Intelligent monitoring system for dangerous gas leakage based on acoustics |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115019480A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-09-06 | 艾感科技(广东)有限公司 | System and method for monitoring sound and gas exposure |
| WO2022218423A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | 中广核工程有限公司 | System for testing containment building of nuclear power plant |
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2020
- 2020-06-30 CN CN202021245763.XU patent/CN212228114U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022218423A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | 中广核工程有限公司 | System for testing containment building of nuclear power plant |
| CN115019480A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-09-06 | 艾感科技(广东)有限公司 | System and method for monitoring sound and gas exposure |
| CN115019480B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-12-26 | 艾感科技(广东)有限公司 | System and method for monitoring sound and gas exposure |
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