CN210517777U - Battery protection circuit and battery charging and discharging system - Google Patents
Battery protection circuit and battery charging and discharging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210517777U CN210517777U CN201921614645.9U CN201921614645U CN210517777U CN 210517777 U CN210517777 U CN 210517777U CN 201921614645 U CN201921614645 U CN 201921614645U CN 210517777 U CN210517777 U CN 210517777U
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Abstract
According to the battery protection circuit and the battery charging and discharging system provided by the embodiment of the application, the isolation type field effect tube is arranged in the battery protection circuit, the substrate of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the anode of the first Schottky diode and the anode of the second Schottky diode, the source electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the first Schottky diode, the drain electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the second Schottky diode, and the parasitic diode of the isolation type field effect tube cannot be conducted at any moment through the connection mode; the battery protection circuit is matched with a control module, the control module outputs a control signal to the fourth end according to information collected from the first end, the second end and the third end so as to control the on and off of the isolation type field effect transistor, and therefore effective protection can be carried out when the battery is overcharged, overdischarged, overcurrent and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of charging and discharging, in particular to a battery protection circuit and a battery charging and discharging system.
Background
In recent years, batteries are widely used, and in order to ensure the service life of the batteries, special circuits are needed to perform various kinds of management on the batteries, for example, effective protection is performed when the batteries are overcharged, overdischarged, overcurrent and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a battery protection circuit and a battery charging and discharging system, which can solve the technical problem of how to effectively protect a battery when the battery is overcharged, overdischarged, and overcurrent.
The embodiment of the application provides a battery protection circuit, includes: the device comprises a battery positive connecting end, a battery negative connecting end, a first terminal, a second terminal, an isolation type field effect transistor, a first Schottky diode, a second Schottky diode and a control module, wherein the control module is provided with a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end;
the grid electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the fourth end, the substrate of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the anode of the first Schottky diode and the anode of the second Schottky diode, the source electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the first Schottky diode, the negative connection end of the battery and the second end, and the drain electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the second Schottky diode, the second terminal and the third end; the cell positive connection end is connected to the first terminal and the first end;
the control module outputs a control signal to the fourth end according to the information collected from the first end, the second end and the third end so as to control the on and off of the isolation type field effect transistor.
In the battery protection circuit of the present application, the control module includes: the circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first detection submodule, a second detection submodule and a driving submodule;
the input end of the first detection sub-module is connected with the first end, the input end of the second detection sub-module is connected with the third end, the first output end of the first detection sub-module is connected with the first input end of the driving sub-module, the second output end of the first detection sub-module is connected with the second input end of the driving sub-module, the first output end of the second detection sub-module is connected with the third input end of the driving sub-module, the second output end of the second detection sub-module is connected with the fourth input end of the driving sub-module, and the output end of the driving sub-module is connected with the fourth end;
one end of the first switch is connected with the first end, the other end of the first switch is connected with one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the third end and one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the second switch, and the other end of the second switch is connected with the second end;
the first detection sub-module is used for outputting a signal to a first input end of the driving sub-module and a second input end of the driving sub-module according to the voltage information collected from the first end, so that the driving sub-module outputs the control signal to the fourth end;
the second detection sub-module is used for outputting a signal to a third input end of the driving sub-module and a fourth input end of the driving sub-module according to the voltage information collected from the third end, so that the driving sub-module outputs the control signal to the fourth end.
In the battery protection circuit of the present application, the first detection submodule includes: a first comparator and a second comparator;
the first positive terminal of the first comparator and the first negative terminal of the second comparator are connected with the first terminal, the first negative terminal of the first comparator is connected with a first threshold voltage, the second positive terminal of the second comparator is connected with a second threshold voltage, the output end of the first comparator is connected with the first input end of the drive submodule, and the output end of the second comparator is connected with the second input end of the drive submodule.
In the battery protection circuit of the present application, the second detection submodule includes: a third comparator and a fourth comparator;
the third negative end of the third comparator and the fourth positive end of the fourth comparator are both connected with the third end, the third positive end of the third comparator and the fourth negative end of the fourth comparator are both grounded, the output end of the third comparator is connected with the third input end of the driving submodule, and the output end of the fourth comparator is connected with the fourth input end of the driving submodule.
In the battery protection circuit of the present application, the driving sub-module includes: the first and gate, the second and gate, the OR gate, the NOT gate and the first level shifter;
the first input end of the first AND gate is connected with the first output end of the first detection submodule, the second input end of the first AND gate is connected with the first output end of the second detection submodule, the first input end of the second AND gate is connected with the second output end of the first detection submodule, the second input end of the second AND gate is connected with the second output end of the second detection submodule, the output end of the first AND gate is connected with the first input end of the OR gate, the output end of the second AND gate is connected with the second input end of the OR gate, the output end of the OR gate is connected with the input end of the NOT gate, the output end of the NOT gate is connected with the input end of the first level converter, and the output end of the first level converter is connected with the fourth end.
In the battery protection circuit of the present application, the control module further includes a third detection submodule, an input end of the third detection submodule is connected to the third end, a first output end of the third detection submodule is connected to a fifth input end of the driving submodule, a second output end of the third detection submodule is connected to a sixth input end of the driving submodule, and a third output end of the third detection submodule is connected to a seventh input end of the driving submodule;
the third detection sub-module is configured to output a signal to a fifth input terminal of the driving sub-module, a sixth input terminal of the driving sub-module, and a seventh input terminal of the driving sub-module according to the current information collected from the third terminal, so that the driving sub-module outputs the control signal to the fourth terminal.
In the battery protection circuit of the present application, the third detection submodule includes: a fifth comparator, a sixth comparator, and a seventh comparator;
the fifth negative terminal of the fifth comparator, the sixth positive terminal of the sixth comparator and the seventh positive terminal of the seventh comparator are all connected with the third terminal, the fifth positive terminal of the fifth comparator is connected with a third threshold voltage, the sixth negative terminal of the sixth comparator is connected with a fourth threshold voltage, the seventh negative terminal of the seventh comparator is connected with a fifth threshold voltage, the output terminal of the fifth comparator is connected with the fifth input terminal of the driving submodule, the output terminal of the sixth comparator is connected with the sixth input terminal of the driving submodule, and the output terminal of the seventh comparator is connected with the seventh input terminal of the driving submodule.
In the battery protection circuit of the present application, the control module includes: the first enhancement mode field effect transistor, the second level shifter, the third level shifter, the fourth level shifter, the third AND gate and the fourth detection submodule;
the fourth detection submodule is provided with a first sub-terminal, a second sub-terminal, a third sub-terminal, a fourth sub-terminal and a fifth sub-terminal; the first sub-terminal is connected with the first terminal, the second sub-terminal is connected with the third terminal, the third sub-terminal is connected with the grid electrode of the first enhancement mode field effect transistor and one end of the second level shifter, the fourth sub-terminal is connected with the grid electrode of the second enhancement mode field effect transistor and one end of the second level shifter, the other end of the second level shifter is connected with the first input end of the third and gate, the other end of the second level shifter is connected with the second input end of the third and gate, the output end of the third and gate is connected with one end of the fourth level shifter, the other end of the fourth level shifter is connected with the fourth terminal, the fifth sub-terminal is connected with the source electrode, the substrate and the second end of the first enhancement mode field effect transistor, and the drain electrode of the first enhancement mode field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second enhancement mode field effect transistor, the source electrode and the substrate of the second enhancement mode field effect transistor are both connected with the third end;
the fourth detection submodule is configured to output a signal to the third submodule according to information collected from the first submodule and the second submodule, and output a signal to the fourth submodule, so that the control module outputs the control signal.
In the battery protection circuit of the present application, the fourth detection submodule is a conventional serial dual-switch circuit.
The embodiment of the application also provides a battery charging and discharging system, which comprises the battery protection circuit, a battery and a charger/load; the battery positive connecting end is connected with one end of the battery, the battery negative connecting end is connected with the other end of the battery, the first wiring terminal is connected with one end of the charger/load, and the second wiring terminal is connected with the other end of the charger/load.
According to the battery protection circuit and the battery charging and discharging system provided by the embodiment of the application, the isolation type field effect tube is arranged in the battery protection circuit, the substrate of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the anode of the first Schottky diode and the anode of the second Schottky diode, the source electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the first Schottky diode, the drain electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the second Schottky diode, and the parasitic diode of the isolation type field effect tube cannot be conducted at any moment through the connection mode; the battery protection circuit is matched with a control module, and the control module outputs a control signal to the fourth end according to information collected from the first end, the second end and the third end so as to control the conduction and the cut-off of the isolation type field effect transistor, so that the battery can be effectively protected when the conditions of overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent and the like occur.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 1b to fig. 1c are schematic diagrams illustrating an isolated fet in a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first specific structure of a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first detection submodule in the battery protection circuit shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second detection submodule in the battery protection circuit of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a driving sub-module in the battery protection circuit shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of the battery protection circuit shown in FIG. 2;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second specific structure of a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third detection submodule in the battery protection circuit of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving sub-module in the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 7;
FIG. 10 is a schematic flow diagram of the battery protection circuit shown in FIG. 7; and
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a third specific structure of a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "fifth", "sixth", "seventh" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features.
Referring to fig. 1a, fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1a, the battery protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: the battery comprises a battery positive connection terminal e1, a battery negative connection terminal e2, a first terminal e3, a second terminal e4, an isolation type field effect transistor 102, a first Schottky diode D1, a second Schottky diode D2 and a control module 101, wherein the control module 101 is provided with a first end c1, a second end c2, a third end c3 and a fourth end c 4. It will be appreciated that a person skilled in the art may switch in the respective battery between the positive battery terminal e1 and the negative battery terminal e2, and a respective charger/load between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e4, as required.
The grid a of the isolated field effect transistor 102 is connected with the fourth end c4, the substrate b of the isolated field effect transistor 102 is connected with the anode of the first schottky diode D1 and the anode of the second schottky diode D2, the source of the isolated field effect transistor is connected with the cathode of the first schottky diode D1, the battery negative connection end e2 and the second end c2, the drain of the isolated field effect transistor 102 is connected with the cathode of the second schottky diode D2, the second terminal e4 and the third end c3, and the battery positive connection end e1 is connected with the first terminal e3 and the first end c 1; the control module 101 outputs a control signal to the fourth terminal c4 according to the information collected from the first terminal c1, the second terminal c2 and the third terminal c3, so as to control the on/off of the isolated fet 102.
In the battery protection circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, an isolation type field effect transistor 102 is disposed in the battery protection circuit, a substrate b of the isolation type field effect transistor 102 is connected to an anode of a first schottky diode D1 and an anode of a second schottky diode D2, a source D of the isolation type field effect transistor 102 is connected to a cathode of the first schottky diode D1, and a drain s of the isolation type field effect transistor 102 is connected to a cathode of the second schottky diode D2, so that a parasitic diode of the isolation type field effect transistor 102 is not turned on at any time.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1b to fig. 1c, fig. 1b to fig. 1c are schematic diagrams illustrating a principle of an isolated field effect transistor in a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1b and 1c, the isolated fet 102 has a source d, a drain S, a gate a, and a substrate b. A parasitic diode is respectively arranged between the source d of the isolated field effect transistor 102 and the substrate b, and between the drain s of the isolated field effect transistor 102 and the substrate b. In the embodiment of the present application, a first schottky diode D1 is disposed between the source s of the isolated fet 102 and the substrate b, and a second schottky diode D2 is disposed between the drain D of the isolated fet 102 and the substrate b, so that the isolated fet 102 can be automatically biased.
It will be appreciated that when the substrate b is reverse biased to the drain s, there will be a slight leakage current from the drain s to the substrate b, which flows forward through the first schottky diode D1 to the source, biasing the voltage of the substrate b to be 0.4V higher than the source D. Similarly, when the substrate b is reverse biased to the source D, there is a slight leakage current from the source D to the substrate b, and the leakage current flows forward through the second schottky diode D2 to the drain, so that the voltage source of the substrate b is biased to be 0.4V higher than the drain s. By the above mechanism, the voltage of the substrate b is automatically biased by the first schottky diode D1 and the second schottky diode D2. Due to the rectifying characteristics of the diode, the two parasitic diodes of the isolated fet 102 are connected in the direction and externally connected to the first schottky diode D1 and the second schottky diode D2, so that normal current cannot pass through the diode to conduct between the source and drain electrodes. That is, the current between the source and the drain of the isolated fet 102 can only be conducted through the conduction channel of the isolated fet 102.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a first specific structural diagram of a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1a and 2, the control module 101 includes: a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first detection submodule 1011, a second detection submodule 1012, and a driving submodule 1013 a.
An input end f1 of the first detection sub-module 1011 is connected to a first end c1, an input end f2 of the second detection sub-module 1012 is connected to a third end c3, a first output end g1 of the first detection sub-module 1011 is connected to a first input end f3 of the driving sub-module 1013a, a second output end g2 of the first detection sub-module 1011 is connected to a second input end f4 of the driving sub-module 1013a, a first output end g3 of the second detection sub-module 1012 is connected to a third input end f5 of the driving sub-module 1013a, a second output end g4 of the second detection sub-module 1012 is connected to a fourth input end f6 of the driving sub-module 1013a, and an output end g5 of the driving sub-module 1013a is connected to a fourth end c 4. One end of the first switch S1 is connected to the first end c1, the other end of the first switch S1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the third end c3 and one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to one end of the second switch S2, and the other end of the second switch S2 is connected to the second end c 2.
The first detection sub-module 1011 is configured to output a signal to the first input terminal f3 of the driving sub-module 1013a and the second input terminal f4 of the driving sub-module 1013a according to the voltage information collected from the first terminal c1, so that the driving sub-module 1013a outputs a control signal to the fourth terminal c 4. The second detection sub-module 1012 is used for outputting a signal to the third input terminal f5 of the driving sub-module 1013a and the fourth input terminal f6 of the driving sub-module 1013a according to the voltage information collected from the third terminal c3, so that the driving sub-module 1013a outputs a control signal to the fourth terminal c 4.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first detection submodule in the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first detection sub-module 1011 includes: a first comparator H1 and a second comparator H2. A first positive terminal of the first comparator H1 and a first negative terminal of the second comparator H2 are both connected to the first terminal c1, a first negative terminal of the first comparator H1 is connected to the first threshold voltage Vth1, a second positive terminal of the second comparator H2 is connected to the second threshold voltage Vth2, an output terminal of the first comparator H1 is connected to the first input terminal f3 of the driving sub-module 1013a, and an output terminal of the second comparator H2 is connected to the second input terminal f4 of the driving sub-module 1013 a.
The first threshold voltage Vth1 is used to determine whether the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in an overcharged state, and the second threshold voltage Vth2 is used to determine whether the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in an overdischarged state.
When the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the first threshold voltage Vth1, the first comparator H1 outputs a high level, and the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in an overcharged voltage state; when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is less than the first threshold voltage Vth1, the first comparator H1 outputs a low level, and the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is not in an overcharged state. When the voltage of the first terminal c1 is less than the second threshold voltage Vth2, the second comparator H2 outputs a high level, and the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in an overdischarge voltage state; when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the second threshold voltage Vth2, the second comparator H2 outputs a low level, and the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is not in an overdischarge voltage state.
Wherein, the first threshold voltage Vth1 is greater than the second threshold voltage Vth 2. In one embodiment, the first threshold voltage Vth1 is between 4.2V and 4.6V, and the second threshold voltage Vth2 is between 1.9V and 3.4V.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second detection submodule in the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the second detection sub-module 1012 includes: a third comparator H3 and a fourth comparator H4. The third negative terminal of the third comparator H3 and the fourth positive terminal of the fourth comparator H4 are both connected to the third terminal c3, the third positive terminal of the third comparator H3 and the fourth negative terminal of the fourth comparator H4 are both grounded, the output terminal of the third comparator H3 is connected to the third input terminal f5 of the driving submodule 1013a, and the output terminal of the fourth comparator H4 is connected to the fourth input terminal f6 of the driving submodule 1013 a.
When the voltage of the third terminal c3 is less than the ground voltage, the third comparator H3 outputs high level, and the charger is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e 4; when the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the ground voltage, the third comparator H3 outputs a low level, and no charger is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e 4. When the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the ground voltage, the fourth comparator H4 outputs a high level, and a load is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e 4; when the voltage of the third terminal c3 is less than the ground voltage, the fourth comparator H4 outputs a low level, and no load is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e 4.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving sub-module in the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the driving sub-module 1013a includes: a first and gate M1, a second and gate M2, an or gate M3, a not gate M4, and a first level shifter 10131. A first input terminal of the first and gate M1 is connected to the first output terminal g1 of the first detection sub-module 1011, a second input terminal of the first and gate M1 is connected to the first output terminal g3 of the second detection sub-module 1012, a first input terminal of the second and gate M2 is connected to the second output terminal g2 of the first detection sub-module 1011, a second input terminal of the second and gate M2 is connected to the second output terminal g4 of the second detection sub-module 1012, an output terminal of the first and gate M1 is connected to a first input terminal of the or gate M3, an output terminal of the second and gate M2 is connected to a second input terminal of the or gate M3, an input terminal of the nand gate M3 is connected to the nand gate M4, an output terminal of the not gate M4 is connected to an input terminal of the first level shifter 10131, and an output terminal of the first level shifter 10131 is connected to the fourth terminal 4.
The operation principle of the battery protection circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1a, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 2. When the battery protection circuit works, the battery is connected between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2, and the charger/load is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e 4.
According to the embodiment of the application, the voltage of the first end c1 and the voltage of the second end c2 are continuously detected, so that the battery can be effectively protected when the battery is overcharged, overdischarged and the like. The battery protection circuit comprises the following conditions:
in the first case, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the first threshold voltage Vth1 and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is less than or equal to the ground voltage, the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in an overcharged state, and the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e4 are connected to the charger, at this time, the isolated fet 102 is turned off, the first switch S1 is controlled to be turned on, the second switch S2 is controlled to be turned off, and the voltage of the first terminal c1 and the voltage of the second terminal c2 are continuously detected.
Specifically, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the voltage of the first threshold Vth1, and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is less than the ground voltage, the output terminal of the first comparator H1 and the output terminal of the third comparator H3 both output a high level, the output terminal of the first and gate M1 outputs a high level, the output terminal of the or gate M3 outputs a high level, the output terminal of the not gate M4 outputs a low level, the first level shifter 10131 converts the low level into a voltage that turns off the isolated fet 102, and the isolated fet 102 is turned off.
In the second case, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the first threshold voltage Vth1 and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the ground voltage, the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in an overcharged state, and the load is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e4, at this time, the isolated fet 102 is turned on, and the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are both controlled to be turned off.
Specifically, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the voltage of the first threshold Vth1, and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the ground voltage, the output terminal of the first comparator H1 and the output terminal of the fourth comparator H4 both output a high level, the output terminal of the second comparator H2 and the output terminal of the third comparator H3 both output a low level, the output terminal of the first and gate M1 and the output terminal of the second and gate M2 both output a low level, the output terminal of the or gate M3 outputs a low level, the output terminal of the not gate M4 outputs a high level, the first level converter 10131 converts the high level into a voltage that turns on the isolated fet 102, and the isolated fet 102 is turned on.
In the third case, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is less than the second threshold Vth2 voltage and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than or equal to the ground voltage, the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in an overdischarge voltage state, and the load is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e4, at this time, the isolated fet 102 is turned off, the first switch S1 is controlled to be turned on, and the second switch S2 is controlled to be turned off.
Specifically, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is lower than the voltage of the second threshold voltage Vth2, and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is higher than the ground voltage, the output terminal of the second comparator H2 and the output terminal of the fourth comparator H4 both output a high level, the output terminal of the second and gate M2 outputs a high level, the output terminal of the or gate M3 outputs a high level, the output terminal of the not gate M4 outputs a low level, the first level shifter 10131 converts the low level into a voltage that turns off the isolated fet 102, and the isolated fet 102 is turned off.
In the fourth case, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is less than the second threshold voltage Vth2 and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is less than the ground voltage, the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in an over-discharge voltage state, and the charger is connected between the first terminal e1 and the second terminal e2, at this time, the isolated fet 102 is turned on, and the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are both controlled to be turned off.
Specifically, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is less than the second threshold voltage Vth2, and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is less than the ground voltage, the output terminal of the second comparator H2 and the output terminal of the third comparator both output high levels, the output terminal of the first comparator H1 and the output terminal of the fourth comparator H4 both output low levels, the output terminal of the first and gate M1 and the output terminal of the second and gate M2 both output low levels, the output terminal of the or gate M3 outputs low levels, the output terminal of the not gate M4 outputs high levels, the first level shifter 10131 converts the high levels into a voltage that turns on the isolated fet 102, and the isolated fet 102 is turned on.
In the fifth case, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is less than the first threshold voltage Vth1 and the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the second threshold voltage Vth2, the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in a normal state, and at this time, the isolated fet 102 is turned on, and the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are both controlled to be turned off.
Specifically, when it is detected that the voltage of the first terminal c1 is less than the first threshold voltage Vth1 and the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the second threshold voltage Vth2, the output terminals of the first comparator H1 and the second comparator H2 both output a low level, the output terminals of the first and gate M1 and the second and gate M2 both output a low level, the output terminal of the or gate M3 outputs a low level, the output terminal of the not gate M4 outputs a high level, the first level shifter 10131 converts the high level into a voltage that turns on the isolated fet 102, and the isolated fet 102 is turned on.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second specific structure of a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Among them, the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 7 is different from the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 2 in that: the control module 101 in the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 7 further includes a third detection submodule 1014, an input terminal of the third detection submodule 1014 is connected to the third terminal c3, a first output terminal g5 of the third detection submodule 1014 is connected to the fifth input terminal f7 of the driving submodule 1013a, a second output terminal g6 of the third detection submodule is connected to the sixth input terminal f8 of the driving submodule 1013a, and a third output terminal g7 of the third detection submodule is connected to the seventh input terminal f9 of the driving submodule 1013 a.
The third detection sub-module 1014 is configured to output a signal to the fifth input terminal f7 of the driving sub-module 1013a, the sixth input terminal f8 of the driving sub-module 1013a, and the seventh input terminal f9 of the driving sub-module 1013a according to the current information collected from the third terminal c3, so that the driving sub-module 1013a outputs a control signal to the fourth terminal c 4.
Referring to fig. 8 and 9, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third detection submodule in the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving sub-module in the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 7. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the third detection sub-module 1013b includes: a fifth comparator H5, a sixth comparator H6, and a seventh comparator H7; the fifth negative terminal of the fifth comparator H5, the sixth positive terminal of the sixth comparator H6, and the seventh positive terminal of the seventh comparator H7 are all connected to the third terminal c3, the fifth positive terminal of the fifth comparator H5 is voltage-connected to the third threshold Vth3, the sixth negative terminal of the sixth comparator H6 is voltage-connected to the fourth threshold voltage Vth4, the seventh negative terminal of the seventh comparator H7 is voltage-connected to the fifth threshold voltage Vth5, the output terminal of the fifth comparator H5 is connected to the fifth input terminal f7 of the driving sub-module 1013b, the output terminal of the sixth comparator H6 is connected to the sixth input terminal f8 of the driving sub-module 1013b, and the output terminal of the seventh comparator H7 is connected to the seventh input terminal f9 of the driving sub-module 1013 b.
The third threshold voltage Vth3, the fourth threshold voltage Vth4 and the fifth threshold voltage Vth5 are all used for determining whether the current of the battery protection circuit is normal.
When the voltage c3 of the third terminal is less than the third threshold voltage Vth3, the fifth comparator H5 outputs a high level, and the current of the battery protection circuit exceeds the over-current threshold; when the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the third threshold voltage, the fifth comparator H5 outputs a low level, and the current of the battery protection circuit does not exceed the overcharge current threshold. When the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the fourth threshold voltage Vth4, the sixth comparator H6 outputs a high level, and the current of the battery protection circuit exceeds the over-discharge current threshold; when the voltage of the third terminal c3 is less than the fourth threshold voltage Vth4, the sixth comparator H6 outputs a low level, and the current of the battery protection circuit does not exceed the over-discharge current threshold. When the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the fifth threshold voltage Vth5, the seventh comparator H7 outputs a high level, and the battery protection circuit is in a short-circuited state; when the voltage of the third terminal c3 is less than the fifth threshold voltage Vth5, the sixth comparator H6 outputs a low level, and the battery protection circuit is not in a short-circuited state.
In one embodiment, the third threshold voltage Vth3 is between-0.05V and-0.2, the fourth threshold voltage Vth4 is between 0.05V and 0.2V, and the fifth threshold voltage Vth5 is between 0.5V and 3V.
The operation principle of the battery protection circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1a, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, and 10. Fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart of the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 7. When the battery protection circuit works, the battery is connected between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2, and the charger/load is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e 4.
The difference between the flow diagram shown in fig. 10 and the flow diagram shown in fig. 6 is that the battery protection circuit further includes the following conditions:
in the sixth case, when the voltage of the first terminal C1 is less than the first threshold voltage Vth1, the voltage of the first terminal C1 is greater than the second threshold voltage Vth2, and the voltage of the third terminal C3 is less than the third threshold voltage Vth3, the voltage battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in a normal state, the current of the battery protection circuit exceeds the overcharge current threshold, and the charger is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e4, at this time, the isolated fet 102 is turned off, and the first switch S1 is controlled to be turned off, and the second switch S2 is controlled to be turned on.
Specifically, when it is detected that the voltage of the first terminal c1 is smaller than the first threshold voltage Vth1, the voltage of the first terminal c1 is larger than the second threshold voltage Vth2, and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is smaller than the third threshold voltage Vth3, the output terminals of the first comparator H1 and the second comparator H2 both output a low level, the output terminal of the fifth comparator H5 outputs a high level, the output terminals of the first and gate M1 and the second and gate M2 both output a low level, the output terminal of the or gate M3 outputs a high level, the output terminal of the not gate M4 outputs a low level, the first level converter 10131 converts the low level into a voltage that turns off the isolated field effect transistor 102, and the isolated field effect transistor 102 is turned off.
In the seventh situation, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is less than the first threshold voltage Vth1, the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the second threshold voltage Vth2, and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the fourth threshold voltage Vth4, the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in a normal state, the current of the battery protection circuit exceeds the over-discharge current threshold, and the load is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e4, at this time, the isolated fet 102 is turned off, and the first switch S1 is controlled to be turned off, and the second switch S2 is controlled to be turned on.
Specifically, when it is detected that the voltage of the first terminal c1 is smaller than the first threshold voltage Vth1, the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the second threshold voltage Vth2, and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the fourth threshold voltage Vth4, the output terminals of the first comparator H1 and the second comparator H2 both output a low level, the output terminal of the sixth comparator H6 outputs a high level, the output terminals of the first and gate M1 and the second and gate M2 both output a low level, the output terminal of the or gate M3 outputs a high level, the output terminal of the not gate M4 outputs a low level, the first level converter 10131 converts the low level into a voltage that turns off the isolated field-effect transistor 102, and the isolated field-effect transistor 102 is turned off.
In the eighth case, when the voltage of the first terminal c1 is less than the first threshold voltage Vth1, the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the second threshold voltage Vth2, and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the fifth threshold voltage Vth5, the battery between the battery positive connection terminal e1 and the battery negative connection terminal e2 is in a normal state, the battery protection circuit is short-circuited, and the load is connected between the first terminal e3 and the second terminal e4, at this time, the isolation type fet 102 is turned off, the first switch S1 is controlled to be turned off, and the second switch S2 is controlled to be turned on.
Specifically, when it is detected that the voltage of the first terminal c1 is smaller than the first threshold voltage Vth1, the voltage of the first terminal c1 is greater than the second threshold voltage Vth2, and the voltage of the third terminal c3 is greater than the fifth threshold voltage Vth5, the output terminals of the first comparator H1 and the second comparator H2 both output a low level, the output terminal of the sixth comparator H6 outputs a high level, the output terminals of the first and gate M1 and the second and gate M2 both output a low level, the output terminal of the or gate M3 outputs a high level, the output terminal of the not gate M4 outputs a low level, the first level converter 10131 converts the low level into a voltage that turns off the isolated field-effect transistor 102, and the isolated field-effect transistor 102 is turned off.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a third specific structure of a battery protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Among them, the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 11 is different from the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 2 in that: the control module 101 in the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 11 includes: a first enhancement mode fet N1, a second enhancement mode fet N2, a second level shifter 10, a third level shifter 20, a fourth level shifter 30, a third and gate 40, and a fourth detection submodule 50;
the fourth detection submodule 50 has a first sub-terminal k1, a second sub-terminal k2, a third sub-terminal k3, a fourth sub-terminal k4 and a fifth sub-terminal k 5; the first sub-terminal k1 is connected to the first terminal c1, the second sub-terminal k2 is connected to the third terminal c3, the third sub-terminal k3 is connected to the gate of the first enhancement mode fet N1 and one end of the second level shifter, the fourth sub-terminal k4 is connected to the gate of the second enhancement mode fet N2 and one end of the second level shifter 20, the other end of the second level shifter 20 is connected to the first input terminal of the third and gate M5, the other end of the second level shifter 20 is connected to the second input terminal of the third and gate M5, the output terminal of the third and gate M5 is connected to one end of the fourth level shifter 40, the other end of the fourth level shifter is connected to the fourth terminal c4, the fifth sub-terminal k5 is connected to the source, the substrate and the second terminal c2 of the first enhancement mode fet N1, the drain of the first enhancement mode fet N1 is connected to the drain of the second enhancement mode fet N2, and the source of the second enhancement mode fet N2, The substrates are all connected to a third terminal c 3.
The fourth sub-module 50 is configured to output a signal to the third sub-terminal k3 and a signal to the fourth sub-terminal k4 according to the information collected from the first sub-terminal k1 and the second sub-terminal k2, so that the control module 101 outputs a control signal. The fourth detection sub-module 50 is a conventional serial dual-switch circuit, which is not described herein.
The principle of the battery protection circuit shown in fig. 11 still uses the existing dual-switch series architecture and the existing dual-switch control method, and in addition, adds a logic circuit and a level shifter, so that when the first enhancement type fet N1 and the second enhancement type fet N2 are both turned on at the same time, the isolation type fet (main switch) 102 is turned on. At this time, the first enhancement mode fet N1 and the second enhancement mode fet N2 do not act as a main switch leg, but provide a temporary transient current path when the main switch has entered the off-state protection, so the switching resistances of the first enhancement mode fet N1 and the second enhancement mode fet N2 themselves can be much larger than the main switch without consuming much chip area cost.
The application also provides a battery charging and discharging system, which comprises the battery protection circuit, a battery and a charger/load; the battery positive connecting end is connected with one end of the battery, the battery negative connecting end is connected with the other end of the battery, the first wiring terminal is connected with one end of the charger/load, and the second wiring terminal is connected with the other end of the charger/load.
According to the battery protection circuit and the battery charging and discharging system provided by the embodiment of the application, the isolation type field effect tube is arranged in the battery protection circuit, the substrate of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the anode of the first Schottky diode and the anode of the second Schottky diode, the source electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the first Schottky diode, the drain electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the second Schottky diode, and the parasitic diode of the isolation type field effect tube cannot be conducted at any moment through the connection mode; the battery protection circuit is matched with a control module, and the control module outputs a control signal to the fourth end according to information collected from the first end, the second end and the third end so as to control the conduction and the cut-off of the isolation type field effect transistor, so that the battery can be effectively protected when the conditions of overcharge, overdischarge, overcurrent and the like occur.
Claims (10)
1. A battery protection circuit, comprising: the device comprises a battery positive connecting end, a battery negative connecting end, a first terminal, a second terminal, an isolation type field effect transistor, a first Schottky diode, a second Schottky diode and a control module, wherein the control module is provided with a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end;
the grid electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the fourth end, the substrate of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the anode of the first Schottky diode and the anode of the second Schottky diode, the source electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the first Schottky diode, the negative connection end of the battery and the second end, and the drain electrode of the isolation type field effect tube is connected with the cathode of the second Schottky diode, the second terminal and the third end; the cell positive connection end is connected to the first terminal and the first end;
the control module outputs a control signal to the fourth end according to the information collected from the first end, the second end and the third end so as to control the on and off of the isolation type field effect transistor.
2. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the control module comprises: the circuit comprises a first switch, a second switch, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first detection submodule, a second detection submodule and a driving submodule;
the input end of the first detection sub-module is connected with the first end, the input end of the second detection sub-module is connected with the third end, the first output end of the first detection sub-module is connected with the first input end of the driving sub-module, the second output end of the first detection sub-module is connected with the second input end of the driving sub-module, the first output end of the second detection sub-module is connected with the third input end of the driving sub-module, the second output end of the second detection sub-module is connected with the fourth input end of the driving sub-module, and the output end of the driving sub-module is connected with the fourth end;
one end of the first switch is connected with the first end, the other end of the first switch is connected with one end of the first resistor, the other end of the first resistor is connected with the third end and one end of the second resistor, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the second switch, and the other end of the second switch is connected with the second end;
the first detection sub-module is used for outputting a signal to a first input end of the driving sub-module and a second input end of the driving sub-module according to the voltage information collected from the first end, so that the driving sub-module outputs the control signal to the fourth end;
the second detection sub-module is used for outputting a signal to a third input end of the driving sub-module and a fourth input end of the driving sub-module according to the voltage information collected from the third end, so that the driving sub-module outputs the control signal to the fourth end.
3. The battery protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the first detection submodule comprises: a first comparator and a second comparator;
the first positive terminal of the first comparator and the first negative terminal of the second comparator are connected with the first terminal, the first negative terminal of the first comparator is connected with a first threshold voltage, the second positive terminal of the second comparator is connected with a second threshold voltage, the output end of the first comparator is connected with the first input end of the drive submodule, and the output end of the second comparator is connected with the second input end of the drive submodule.
4. The battery protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the second detection submodule comprises: a third comparator and a fourth comparator;
the third negative end of the third comparator and the fourth positive end of the fourth comparator are both connected with the third end, the third positive end of the third comparator and the fourth negative end of the fourth comparator are both grounded, the output end of the third comparator is connected with the third input end of the driving submodule, and the output end of the fourth comparator is connected with the fourth input end of the driving submodule.
5. The battery protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the driver submodule comprises: the first and gate, the second and gate, the OR gate, the NOT gate and the first level shifter;
the first input end of the first AND gate is connected with the first output end of the first detection submodule, the second input end of the first AND gate is connected with the first output end of the second detection submodule, the first input end of the second AND gate is connected with the second output end of the first detection submodule, the second input end of the second AND gate is connected with the second output end of the second detection submodule, the output end of the first AND gate is connected with the first input end of the OR gate, the output end of the second AND gate is connected with the second input end of the OR gate, the output end of the OR gate is connected with the input end of the NOT gate, the output end of the NOT gate is connected with the input end of the first level converter, and the output end of the first level converter is connected with the fourth end.
6. The battery protection circuit of claim 2, wherein the control module further comprises a third detection submodule, an input terminal of the third detection submodule is connected to the third terminal, a first output terminal of the third detection submodule is connected to a fifth input terminal of the driving submodule, a second output terminal of the third detection submodule is connected to a sixth input terminal of the driving submodule, and a third output terminal of the third detection submodule is connected to a seventh input terminal of the driving submodule;
the third detection sub-module is configured to output a signal to a fifth input terminal of the driving sub-module, a sixth input terminal of the driving sub-module, and a seventh input terminal of the driving sub-module according to the current information collected from the third terminal, so that the driving sub-module outputs the control signal to the fourth terminal.
7. The battery protection circuit of claim 6, wherein the third detection submodule comprises: a fifth comparator, a sixth comparator, and a seventh comparator;
the fifth negative terminal of the fifth comparator, the sixth positive terminal of the sixth comparator and the seventh positive terminal of the seventh comparator are all connected with the third terminal, the fifth positive terminal of the fifth comparator is connected with a third threshold voltage, the sixth negative terminal of the sixth comparator is connected with a fourth threshold voltage, the seventh negative terminal of the seventh comparator is connected with a fifth threshold voltage, the output terminal of the fifth comparator is connected with the fifth input terminal of the driving submodule, the output terminal of the sixth comparator is connected with the sixth input terminal of the driving submodule, and the output terminal of the seventh comparator is connected with the seventh input terminal of the driving submodule.
8. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the control module comprises: the first enhancement mode field effect transistor, the second level shifter, the third level shifter, the fourth level shifter, the third AND gate and the fourth detection submodule;
the fourth detection submodule is provided with a first sub-terminal, a second sub-terminal, a third sub-terminal, a fourth sub-terminal and a fifth sub-terminal; the first sub-terminal is connected with the first terminal, the second sub-terminal is connected with the third terminal, the third sub-terminal is connected with the grid electrode of the first enhancement mode field effect transistor and one end of the second level shifter, the fourth sub-terminal is connected with the grid electrode of the second enhancement mode field effect transistor and one end of the second level shifter, the other end of the second level shifter is connected with the first input end of the third and gate, the other end of the second level shifter is connected with the second input end of the third and gate, the output end of the third and gate is connected with one end of the fourth level shifter, the other end of the fourth level shifter is connected with the fourth terminal, the fifth sub-terminal is connected with the source electrode, the substrate and the second end of the first enhancement mode field effect transistor, and the drain electrode of the first enhancement mode field effect transistor is connected with the drain electrode of the second enhancement mode field effect transistor, the source electrode and the substrate of the second enhancement mode field effect transistor are both connected with the third end;
the fourth detection submodule is configured to output a signal to the third submodule according to information collected from the first submodule and the second submodule, and output a signal to the fourth submodule, so that the control module outputs the control signal.
9. The battery protection circuit of claim 8, wherein the fourth detection submodule is a conventional series dual-switch circuit.
10. A battery charging and discharging system comprising the battery protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, a battery, and a charger/load; the battery positive connecting end is connected with one end of the battery, the battery negative connecting end is connected with the other end of the battery, the first wiring terminal is connected with one end of the charger/load, and the second wiring terminal is connected with the other end of the charger/load.
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| CN201921614645.9U CN210517777U (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Battery protection circuit and battery charging and discharging system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112615072A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-06 | 西安稳先半导体科技有限责任公司 | Battery pack, battery protection chip and electronic product |
| WO2022206394A1 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-06 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Protection controller applied to electronic device, and electronic device |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112615072A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-06 | 西安稳先半导体科技有限责任公司 | Battery pack, battery protection chip and electronic product |
| WO2022206394A1 (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-06 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Protection controller applied to electronic device, and electronic device |
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