CN210422900U - Thermal cycle power generation system using low-grade composite heat source as energy - Google Patents
Thermal cycle power generation system using low-grade composite heat source as energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN210422900U CN210422900U CN201921036848.4U CN201921036848U CN210422900U CN 210422900 U CN210422900 U CN 210422900U CN 201921036848 U CN201921036848 U CN 201921036848U CN 210422900 U CN210422900 U CN 210422900U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a power generation facility, especially a thermal cycle power generation system who uses low-grade compound heat source as energy, this power generation system include solar collector, heat transfer case, generating unit, cascade heat pump assembly and will go up the pipeline constitution that the subassembly links to each other. The technical scheme of the utility model be utilize solar collector and heat pump organic combination, adopt reasonable connected mode, with system combination such as energy collection, energy storage, energy conversion, energy cycle as an organic whole, unit output's volume or weight are present various energy conversion device less than half, have that equipment occupation space is little, be convenient for whole transportation, characteristics such as installation, generating efficiency height.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a power generation facility, especially a thermal cycle power generation system who uses low-grade compound heat source as energy.
Background
With the rapid development of society, people's demand for electric energy is increasing day by day, and the environmental pollution problem that brings is increasing day by day is the utilization of a large amount of fossil energy mainly including oil, coal, and renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy becomes one of the directions of energy development in the future, but because the current system of generating electricity with renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, etc., the dependence on natural conditions is more serious.
In recent years, heat pump technology has been the direction of research into the use of low grade heat sources (below 90 degrees celsius). The heat pump uses the inverse Carnot cycle principle, continuously absorbs the low-temperature energy in the environment through the refrigerant, converts the low-temperature heat energy into the heat energy with higher temperature through compression under the action of mechanical work, and outputs the heat energy to the heat environment through the condenser. Because of the characteristic of the heat pump, the heating efficiency is usually 200-.
For some conditions requiring higher heating temperature, a two-stage heat pump cascade connection mode can be adopted.
The technical scheme of the utility model is that the utility model patent application with the application number of 201811074574.8, which is published by the intellectual property office of 2019, 01, 04 and named as "a solar energy and air energy combined power generation system and a refrigeration, power generation and heating method thereof", comprises a heat exchange component, a power generation component and a medium recovery component which are connected in series through pipelines and form a loop, wherein the heat exchange component comprises an evaporator and a heat exchanger; the power generation assembly generates power by taking high-pressure steam as power and is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end; the medium recovery assembly comprises an air heat exchanger, a spray absorber I and a liquid storage tank for storing a medium water solution, the air heat exchanger, the spray absorber I and the liquid storage tank are connected in series through pipelines, the liquid storage tank is connected with a medium inlet of an evaporator through a pipeline provided with a pump I, a medium outlet of the evaporator is connected with a medium inlet of a pipeline, a medium outlet of the evaporator is connected with an air inlet end of the power generation assembly through a pressure regulating assembly on the pipeline, and an air outlet end of the power generation assembly is connected with the air heat exchanger through a pipeline.
However, the single-stage heat pump adopted in the above technical solution has limited power generation capability and general cooling and heating effects because the heating temperature is low and the medium circulation pipeline is greatly affected by the flow limitation of the shutoff valve.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at overcoming prior art's defect, providing a thermal cycle power generation system who uses low-grade compound heat source as energy, adopts low boiling point working medium and looks phase transition heat accumulation material as one kind of energy storage energy means with overlapping formula heat pump as main heat source.
In order to realize the purpose of the utility model, the technical proposal of the utility model is that: a thermal cycle power generation system using a low-grade composite heat source as energy is characterized by comprising a solar heat collector, a heat exchange box, a power generation unit, a cascade heat pump assembly and pipelines for connecting the components.
The heat exchange box is a closed box body, a heat insulation layer is arranged outside the heat exchange box, the energy conversion liquid is filled in the heat exchange box, a condenser I, an evaporator II, a condenser II and a working medium expander are sequentially arranged in the heat exchange box from bottom to top, a heat insulation plate is arranged between the evaporator II and the condenser II in the heat exchange box to divide the heat exchange box into an upper temperature interval and a lower temperature interval, and convection holes are formed in the heat insulation plate.
The cascade heat pump assembly is a two-stage cascade heating mode consisting of a low-temperature heat pump and a high-temperature heat pump, wherein the low-temperature heat pump is a closed circulating system formed by connecting an inner evaporator I, an outer evaporator I, a condenser I and a compressor I in series; the high-temperature heat pump is a closed circulating system formed by connecting an evaporator II, a condenser II and a compressor II in series.
The power generation unit comprises a closed working medium expander, a steam turbine generator unit and a working medium condensing box, wherein the working medium condensing box is a closed box body, an antifreezing solution is filled in the box body, a heat insulation layer wraps the box body, and a working medium cooler, an inner evaporator I and a phase change energy storage rod are arranged in the box body; a low-boiling-point phase change working medium is arranged in the working medium expander, and a steam outlet of the working medium expander is connected with an air inlet of the turbonator; the exhaust port of the turbo generator set is connected with the inlet of the working medium cooler, and the outlet of the working medium cooler is connected with the inlet of the working medium expander through a pipeline provided with a working medium pump and a check valve.
The liquid outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the heat exchange box through a pipeline provided with a circulating pump, the liquid return port of the solar heat collector is connected with the heat exchange box through a pipeline, and the liquid return pipeline of the heat collector is provided with a high-level water tank.
The solar heat collector can be a solar vacuum tube heat collector, a solar flat plate heat collector or a solar high-power light-gathering heat collector.
The energy conversion liquid arranged in the heat exchange box is antifreeze or heat conduction oil.
The low-boiling-point phase change working medium contained in the working medium expander is any one of R600a, R245fa and R236 ea.
The phase-change energy storage rod is a closed metal rod filled with a phase-change material, and the phase-change material is paraffin, fatty acid or inorganic hydrated salt.
The technical scheme of the utility model has following characteristics: 1. the device heats the energy conversion liquid in the heat exchange box by utilizing the heat energy generated by the solar heat collector, provides the energy for the low-temperature power generation device during illumination, and has the characteristics of energy conservation and environmental protection; 2. the heat pump has the characteristic that the heating efficiency is as high as 200-600%, and the heat pump two-stage overlapping heating mode is adopted to improve the heat energy grade. The energy in the air is absorbed by a refrigerant in an evaporator of the heat pump I, and low-grade heat energy at the temperature of about 50 ℃ is released into the energy conversion liquid through a condenser of the heat pump I; then the low-temperature heat energy is absorbed by the evaporator of the high-temperature heat pump arranged above the condenser of the low-temperature heat pump, the low-grade heat energy is improved to the medium-high grade heat energy with the temperature of more than 90 ℃ by the condenser through the compression of the high-temperature heat pump, and the heat value of the required evaporation pressure is provided for the low-temperature working medium expander, which is the working principle of the cascade heat pump. Not only increases the output power, but also reduces the dependence on illumination. 3. A certain amount of phase change energy storage materials are placed in the heat exchange box and used for storing abundant heat energy input by solar energy and a heat pump in the shutdown time period of the generator set, so that the continuity and stability of the output electric energy of the generator set are improved. 4. The low boiling point working medium adopted by the system has the characteristics of small specific heat capacity, low boiling point, high evaporation pressure, environmental protection, safety and the like, the working medium device circulates in a completely independent closed loop system, and a cooler of the working medium and an inner evaporator of the low-temperature heat pump are jointly arranged in a working medium cooling box. The design can recycle the exhaust gas waste heat after the working medium does work, thereby reducing the energy waste, increasing the temperature difference and the pressure difference at the inlet and the outlet of the steam turbine, and effectively improving the power generation efficiency of the steam turbine; 5. the design concept of the device is ingenious and scientific. The energy collecting, energy storing, energy converting, energy circulating and other systems are integrated, the volume or weight of unit output power is less than half of that of the existing various energy converting devices, and the device has the characteristics of small occupied space, convenience for integral transportation and installation and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1. solar collector, 2, high-order water tank, 3, phase change energy storage stick, 4, expansion drum, 5, pressure control solenoid valve, 6, turbo generator set, 7, working medium expander, 8, heat exchange box, 9, check valve, 10, working medium pump, 11, working medium condensing box, 12, working medium cooler, 13, interior evaporimeter I, 14, outer evaporimeter I, 15, low temperature compressor, 16, stop valve I, 17, condenser II, 18, evaporimeter II, 19, convection hole, 20, condenser I, 21, heat-insulating board, 22, motorised valve I, 23, stop valve II, 24, high temperature compressor, 25, circulating pump, 26, energy conversion liquid.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the heat exchange box is filled with an energy conversion liquid, the energy conversion liquid is mainly a medium for heat energy exchange among components in the heat exchange box, and the energy conversion liquid is antifreeze or heat conduction oil. The liquid outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the heat exchange box through a pipeline provided with a circulating pump, and the liquid return port of the solar heat collector is connected with the heat exchange box through a pipeline. The energy conversion liquid is heated by the solar heat collector and then circulated by the circulating pump, so that the temperature of the energy conversion liquid in the heat exchange box is increased. In order to prevent the pipeline leakage, a high-level water tank is arranged on the liquid return pipeline of the solar heat collector. The solar heat collector can adopt the existing solar vacuum tube heat collector or solar flat plate heat collector or solar high-power light-gathering heat collector.
The low-temperature heat pump is a closed circulating system formed by connecting an inner evaporator I, an outer evaporator I, a condenser I, a stop valve I and a low-temperature compressor in series; the high-temperature heat pump is a closed circulating system formed by connecting an evaporator II, a condenser II, a stop valve and a compressor II in series.
A condenser I, an evaporator II, a condenser II, a working medium expander and a phase change energy storage rod are sequentially arranged in the heat exchange box from bottom to top. An insulating plate is arranged between the evaporator II and the condenser II in the heat exchange box, the heat exchange box is divided into two temperature areas, namely a low-temperature area at the lower part and a medium-temperature area at the upper part, and convection holes 19 are formed in the insulating plate, so that the energy conversion liquid in the low-temperature area and the medium-temperature area can naturally flow.
The power generation unit comprises a closed working medium expander, a turbo generator set and a working medium condensing box, wherein the working medium condensing box is a closed box body, anti-freezing liquid is filled in the box body, a heat insulation layer wraps the box body, and a working medium cooler, an inner evaporator I and a phase change energy storage rod are arranged in the box body; a low-boiling-point phase change working medium is arranged in the working medium expander, and a steam outlet of the working medium expander is connected with an air inlet of the turbo generator set; the exhaust port of the turbo generator set is connected with the inlet of the working medium cooler, and the outlet of the working medium cooler is connected with the inlet of the working medium expander through a pipeline provided with a working medium pump and a check valve. The energy exchange among the working medium cooler, the inner evaporator I and the phase change energy storage rod which are arranged in the working medium condenser box is carried out through the built-in anti-freezing liquid.
The low-boiling-point phase change working medium is any one of R600a, R245fa and R236 ea.
The phase change energy storage rod is a closed metal rod filled with phase change materials, and the phase change materials are intermediate temperature phase change materials in the prior art, such as paraffin, fatty acid or inorganic hydrated salt. The purpose of the phase change energy storage rod is to store thermal energy.
When sunlight exists in the daytime, the solar heat collecting plate 1 heats the energy conversion liquid 26 in the plate, the heated energy conversion liquid is conveyed to the low-temperature area at the lower part of the heat exchange box 8 through the circulating pump 25, the energy conversion liquid at the upper part of the heat exchange box returns to the solar heat collector through a pipeline provided with the high-level water tank 2, the circulation is repeated in the same way until the energy conversion liquid at the upper-temperature area of the heat exchange box is heated to more than 90 ℃, and the phase change energy storage rod 3 arranged in the box is saturated in a heat absorption manner. When the temperature of the energy conversion liquid in the solar heat collector is lower than 80 ℃, the temperature controller of the circulating pump automatically turns off the power supply of the circulating pump, the circulation between the energy conversion liquid in the heat exchange box and the solar heat collector is blocked, and the heat dissipation loss is reduced. At the moment, the phase change energy storage rod releases heat to release stored latent heat into the energy conversion liquid, the temperature of the energy conversion liquid in the temperature zone in the heat exchange box is kept at about 90 ℃, and heat energy required by evaporation is continuously provided for the low-boiling-point phase change working medium in the working medium expander arranged in the heat exchange box.
When the low-boiling-point phase change working medium in the working medium expander 7 reaches a set saturated steam pressure, the pressure control electromagnetic valve 5 is opened, and the saturated steam is sprayed out from a steam outlet of the working medium expander to enter an air inlet of a steam turbine generator unit to push the steam turbine generator unit to rotate and generate electricity; the low-pressure exhaust steam after acting enters a working medium cooler, is condensed into liquid through an antifreezing solution and a phase change energy storage rod which are arranged in a working medium condensing box 11, and then returns to the working medium expander through a pipeline provided with a working medium pump 10 and a check valve 9 to enter the next cycle.
When no sun shines or the temperature of the high-temperature area of the heat exchange box is lower than 90 ℃, the heat pump is started, the refrigerant in the low-temperature heat pump passes through the inner evaporator I13 to take away the heat in the working medium condenser box, then the refrigerant is converged with the energy absorbed by the outer evaporator I14 from the air, the refrigerant is pressurized by the low-temperature compressor 15 and then the high-temperature refrigerant heats the energy conversion liquid through the condenser I20. When the temperature of the transduction liquid in the low-temperature area of the heat exchange box reaches about 50 ℃, a temperature control electromagnetic valve arranged in a control circuit cuts off a power supply of the low-temperature heat pump, and simultaneously the power supply of the high-temperature heat pump is switched on, a high-temperature compressor 24 is started, a refrigerant in an evaporator II 18 absorbs the heat energy in the low-temperature area of the heat exchange box, after the temperature is increased by the pressurization of the high-temperature compressor, the heat exchange is carried out between a condenser II 17 and the transduction liquid in the upper temperature area of a heat insulation plate 21 in the heat exchange box, so that the temperature of the transduction liquid in the temperature area in the heat exchange box is kept above 90 ℃, a low-boiling-point phase change working medium in a working medium expander can be maintained, the.
Claims (9)
1. A thermal cycle power generation system using a low-grade composite heat source as energy is characterized by comprising a solar heat collector, a heat exchange box, a power generation unit, a cascade heat pump assembly and pipelines for connecting the components.
2. The heat cycle power generation system using low grade composite heat source as energy according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchange box (8) is a closed box body, the heat insulation layer is arranged outside the heat exchange box, the energy conversion liquid (26) is arranged inside the heat exchange box, the condenser I (20), the evaporator II (18), the condenser II (17) and the working medium expander (7) are arranged in the heat exchange box from bottom to top in sequence, the heat insulation plate (21) is arranged between the evaporator II and the condenser II in the heat exchange box to divide the heat exchange box into an upper temperature interval and a lower temperature interval, and the convection hole (19) is arranged on the heat insulation plate.
3. The heat cycle power generation system using low grade composite heat source as energy according to claim 2, characterized in that the cascade heat pump assembly is a two-stage cascade heating mode consisting of low temperature heat pump and high temperature heat pump, wherein the low temperature heat pump is a closed cycle system formed by connecting an inner evaporator I (13), an outer evaporator I (14), a condenser I and a low temperature compressor in series; the high-temperature heat pump is a closed circulating system formed by serially connecting an evaporator II, a condenser II and a high-temperature compressor.
4. The thermal cycle power generation system taking a low-grade composite heat source as energy according to claim 3, characterized in that the power generation unit comprises a closed working medium expander (7), a turbo generator unit (6) and a working medium condenser box (11), wherein the working medium condenser box is a closed box body, an antifreeze solution is filled in the box body, a heat insulation layer is wrapped outside the box body, and a working medium cooler (12), an internal evaporator I (13) and a phase change energy storage rod (3) are arranged in the box body; a low-boiling-point phase change working medium is arranged in the working medium expander (7), and a steam outlet of the working medium expander is connected with an air inlet of the turbo generator unit (6); the exhaust port of the turbo generator unit is connected with the inlet of the working medium cooler (12), and the outlet of the working medium cooler is connected with the inlet of the working medium expander through a pipeline provided with a working medium pump (10) and a check valve (9).
5. The heat cycle power generation system using low grade composite heat source as energy according to claim 4, characterized in that the liquid outlet of the solar heat collector (1) is connected with the heat exchange box (8) through a pipeline equipped with a circulating pump (25), the liquid return port of the solar heat collector is connected with the heat exchange box through a pipeline, and the liquid return pipeline of the heat collector is provided with a high level water tank (2).
6. The thermal cycle power generation system using low grade composite heat source as energy according to claim 5, characterized in that the solar heat collector (1) is a solar vacuum tube heat collector or a solar flat plate heat collector or a solar high power light-gathering heat collector.
7. The heat cycle power generation system using low grade composite heat source as energy according to claim 6, characterized in that the energy conversion liquid (26) in the heat exchange box (8) is antifreeze or heat transfer oil.
8. The heat cycle power generation system using low grade composite heat source as energy according to claim 7, characterized in that the low boiling point phase change working medium contained in the working medium expander (7) is any one of R600a or R245fa, R236 ea.
9. The thermal cycle power generation system using low-grade composite heat source as energy according to claim 8, characterized in that the phase change energy storage rod (3) is a sealed metal rod filled with phase change material, and the phase change material is paraffin, fatty acid or inorganic hydrated salt.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110206699A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-06 | 王恩礼 | It is a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110206699A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-06 | 王恩礼 | It is a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy |
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